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ID:9063589
大小:2.69 MB
页数:52页
时间:2018-04-16
《硕士论文-氮肥后移对寒地水稻群体质量及产量的影响》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、东北农业大学硕士学位论文氮肥后移对寒地水稻群体质量及产量的影响姓名:盛大海申请学位级别:硕士专业:植物营养学指导教师:刘元英20080620摘要寒地水稻习惯施肥中前期氮肥用量过高,后期氮肥明显不足,使水稻无效分蘖过多,群体质量下降,产量和氮肥利用率降低,这已成为制约寒地水稻产量进一步提高的关键问题。针对这一问题,本试验设置了5个氮量相同,施用时期和比例不同的处理,研究氮肥后移对寒地水稻群体质量、氮素吸收规律、产量和氮肥利用率的影响,以期为寒地水稻氮肥的合理施用提供理论依据。主要结果如下:水稻幼穗分化期以前
2、,吸收氮素比例较少,穗分化期到抽穗期,氮的积累量占总积累量的70%左右,是水稻吸收氮素最多的时期,与农民习惯施肥处理相比,氮肥后移处理抽穗后氮积累量提高了7.2%,-一81.9%。水稻幼穗分化期叶片含氮量与穗粒数呈正相关关系(P3、肥后移处理提高了水稻的粒叶比,其中基蘖肥和穗肥比例6.5:3,5处理粒叶比最大,达到了l。23粒/cm2,较农民习惯施肥处理高9.8%。灌浆期叶粒比与水稻产量呈正相关(P4、高1.7%、,2.4%。同时氮肥后移处理穗粒数提高1.7粒/穗~2.4粒/穗,产量增加1.9%、18.4%,其中6.5:3.5处理产量最高,为12.2t/ha。氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,氮肥的吸收利用率提高13.O%,-064.5%,其中6.5:3.5处理最高,为49.1%,方差分析达到了5%的显著水平;氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,农学利用率提高了4.5kg/kg'--,19.2kg/kg,6.5:3.5处理农学利用率最高,达到了48.1kg/kg,方差分析达到了1%的差异显著水平。关键5、词:寒地;水稻;氮肥后移:群体质量;产量AbstractIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEffectsofNApplicationatLaterStagesonPopulationQualityandYieldofRiceinColdAreaInordertosolvetheproblemsinriceproduction,astudyincludingfivetreatmentswiththesameNapplicationrate,butdifferentapplicationratioandst6、ageswasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofNapplicationatlaterstagesonnutrientabsorption,populationqualityindexes,yieldandNutilizationefficiency.TheresultsshowedthatthereWasapositivecorrelationbetweenleafNcontentatpanicleinitiationstageandgrainsperspike(P<07、。01).Inthephasefrompanicleinitiationtoflowering,Naccumulationinriceplantsaccountsfor70%ofthetotalaccumulatedN.NaccumulationsafterheadinginthetreatmentsofNfertilizationatlaterstageswereimprovedby7.2-81.9%,compared协鞭P(Farmer’SFertilizationPractice)treatment8、,andthedifferencewassignificant(P
3、肥后移处理提高了水稻的粒叶比,其中基蘖肥和穗肥比例6.5:3,5处理粒叶比最大,达到了l。23粒/cm2,较农民习惯施肥处理高9.8%。灌浆期叶粒比与水稻产量呈正相关(P4、高1.7%、,2.4%。同时氮肥后移处理穗粒数提高1.7粒/穗~2.4粒/穗,产量增加1.9%、18.4%,其中6.5:3.5处理产量最高,为12.2t/ha。氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,氮肥的吸收利用率提高13.O%,-064.5%,其中6.5:3.5处理最高,为49.1%,方差分析达到了5%的显著水平;氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,农学利用率提高了4.5kg/kg'--,19.2kg/kg,6.5:3.5处理农学利用率最高,达到了48.1kg/kg,方差分析达到了1%的差异显著水平。关键5、词:寒地;水稻;氮肥后移:群体质量;产量AbstractIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEffectsofNApplicationatLaterStagesonPopulationQualityandYieldofRiceinColdAreaInordertosolvetheproblemsinriceproduction,astudyincludingfivetreatmentswiththesameNapplicationrate,butdifferentapplicationratioandst6、ageswasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofNapplicationatlaterstagesonnutrientabsorption,populationqualityindexes,yieldandNutilizationefficiency.TheresultsshowedthatthereWasapositivecorrelationbetweenleafNcontentatpanicleinitiationstageandgrainsperspike(P<07、。01).Inthephasefrompanicleinitiationtoflowering,Naccumulationinriceplantsaccountsfor70%ofthetotalaccumulatedN.NaccumulationsafterheadinginthetreatmentsofNfertilizationatlaterstageswereimprovedby7.2-81.9%,compared协鞭P(Farmer’SFertilizationPractice)treatment8、,andthedifferencewassignificant(P
4、高1.7%、,2.4%。同时氮肥后移处理穗粒数提高1.7粒/穗~2.4粒/穗,产量增加1.9%、18.4%,其中6.5:3.5处理产量最高,为12.2t/ha。氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,氮肥的吸收利用率提高13.O%,-064.5%,其中6.5:3.5处理最高,为49.1%,方差分析达到了5%的显著水平;氮肥后移处理与农民习惯施肥处理相比,农学利用率提高了4.5kg/kg'--,19.2kg/kg,6.5:3.5处理农学利用率最高,达到了48.1kg/kg,方差分析达到了1%的差异显著水平。关键
5、词:寒地;水稻;氮肥后移:群体质量;产量AbstractIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEffectsofNApplicationatLaterStagesonPopulationQualityandYieldofRiceinColdAreaInordertosolvetheproblemsinriceproduction,astudyincludingfivetreatmentswiththesameNapplicationrate,butdifferentapplicationratioandst
6、ageswasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofNapplicationatlaterstagesonnutrientabsorption,populationqualityindexes,yieldandNutilizationefficiency.TheresultsshowedthatthereWasapositivecorrelationbetweenleafNcontentatpanicleinitiationstageandgrainsperspike(P<0
7、。01).Inthephasefrompanicleinitiationtoflowering,Naccumulationinriceplantsaccountsfor70%ofthetotalaccumulatedN.NaccumulationsafterheadinginthetreatmentsofNfertilizationatlaterstageswereimprovedby7.2-81.9%,compared协鞭P(Farmer’SFertilizationPractice)treatment
8、,andthedifferencewassignificant(P
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