杂交水稻中后期洪涝淹没与产量损失的关系

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2016,42(9):13811390http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01381杂交水稻中后期洪涝淹没与产量损失的关系1,2,**1,2,**1,2111徐富贤张林熊洪周兴兵朱永川刘茂11蒋鹏郭晓艺12四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点

2、实验室,四川德阳618000;国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心,四川泸州646100摘要:以4个杂交中稻品种为材料,采用桶栽方法在模拟洪水和实地洪涝条件下,研究了在水稻不同生育时期模拟洪水淹没的深度、时间对产量损失度的影响。结果表明,淹没对产量损失度的影响为抽穗期>孕穗期>乳熟期,淹顶>淹没植株2/3。洪水淹没下结实率和千粒重与淹没时间呈极显著负相关。在淹没植株2/3处理中,孕穗期、抽穗期、乳熟期淹没100h,产量分别损失50%、60%、12%左右;而淹顶处理100h的产量损失度,在孕穗期、抽穗期达10

3、0%,在乳熟期不到25%。预测洪涝产量损失度分别达40%、60%和80%时相应的淹没时间,建立了根据不同淹没时期和淹没深度的产量损失度与淹没时间关系模型,决定系数为0.6038~0.9868。孕穗期、抽穗期和乳熟期分别在洪涝淹没56.3h情况下,产量损失度实测值与预测值误差为3.63~6.81个百分点,可作为洪灾发生后评估水稻产量损失度的参考依据。关键词:杂交水稻;洪涝;淹没强度;产量损失度RelationshipbetweenYieldLossandFloodingduringMiddleandLa

4、terGrowthPeriodsinHybridRice1,2,**1,2,**1,2111XUFu-Xian,ZHANGLin,XIONGHong,ZHOUXing-Bing,ZHUYong-Chuan,LIUMao,11JIANGPeng,andGUOXiao-Yi1RiceandSorghumResearchInstitute,SichuanAcademyofAgriculturalSciences/KeyLaboratoryofSouthwestRiceBiologyandGeneticBre

5、eding,2MinistryofAgriculture,Deyang618000,China;LuzhouBranchofNationalRiceImprovementCenter,Luzhou646100,ChinaAbstract:Riceplantsaredamagedbyfloodwaterfromconsecutiveheavyrainfalls.However,limitedinformationisavailableonevaluatingyieldlossofricegrownund

6、erdifferentfloodingconditions.Potexperimentandfieldexperimentwereconductedtounderstandtheyieldlossofhybridriceunderdifferentsubmergencedepths,hoursandstagesinLuxianCounty,SichuanProvince,China,in2012to2014.Theresultsshowedthatyieldlosswassignificantlyin

7、fluencedbyfloodsubmergenceattheheadingstage,followedbythebootingstageandthemilk-ripeningstage.Theyieldlosswasgreaterinthetreatmentofcompletesubmergence(CS)thaninthatoftwothirdsplantheightsubmergence(2/3PHS).Seedsettingrateandgrainweightofhybridriceweres

8、ignifi-cantlyandnegativelycorrelatedwiththesubmergencehours.For2/3PHStreatment,whenhybridricewasfloodedmorethan100hoursatbootingstage,headingstage,andmilkstage,yieldlossdegreeofhybridricewere50%,60%,and12%,respectively.ForCStreat