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1、DigitalLibrariesandtheFutureofLibraryProfessions数字图书馆技术的渊源，进展，和反思蔡国瑞CollegeofInformationSciencesandTechnologyPennStateUniversityPennStateandi-schoolmovement宾州州立大学是iSchool团体的发起者。Refocusoninformationascoreconstruct,versuscomputingorcomputersMultidisciplinaryapproachWorkwi
2、th,anddirectlyincorporate,manydisciplinaryperspectivesCognitiveScience,CommunicationStudies,ComputerScience,Design,Economics,InformationManagement,Law,LibraryScience,OrganizationalScience,Policy,SoftwareEngineering,SystemAssurance,…globalizationLanzhouUniversity20102i-s
3、choolcommunityUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyUniversityofCalifornia,IrvineUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesDrexelUniversityFloridaStateUniversityGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyUniversityofIllinoisIndianaUniversityUniversityofMarylandUniversityofMichiganUniversityofNorthCar
4、olinaThePennsylvaniaStateUniversityUniversityofPittsburghRutgers,theStateUniversityofNewJerseySyracuseUniversityUniversityofTexasUniversityofTorontoUniversityofWashingtonWuhanUniversityLanzhouUniversity20103美国“大科学的先驱”范内瓦·布什VannevarBush科学家、教育家和政府官员罗斯福总统的科学顾问信息时代的教父曼哈顿计划,
5、NSF,ARPA,Internet、硅谷，都与他密切相关。相当于中国的钱学森LanzhouUniversity20104信息时代的教父VannevarBush1945年，布什发表著名的论文《如我们所想》（AsWeMayThink）Busharguedthatthesheervolumeofinformationwouldoverwhelmtraditionalmethodsofacquisition,storage,andanalysis.Hearguedthatscienceandtechnologycouldhelpinthe
6、taskoforganizingknowledge.LanzhouUniversity20105OurMindsneedtoolstohelpWhatabouttoolsforourmind?Wehavetoolsforhands,eyes,clothing,food,SheltersLanzhouUniversity20106MEMEXBush(1945)设想了一种能够存储大量信息，并能在相关信息之间建立联系的机器MEMEX。这个想象正是现在的DigitalLibraty和Internet。LanzhouUniversity2010
7、7Memex（memory&index）之设计构思Memex为一个人以机器判读资料之资料库系统，透过建立联结路径，搜寻，处理及整合等技术，供研究人员蒐集，分析各类资料并加以应用Bushdistinguishbetweentwokindsormodesofthought.Routineorrepetitive:‘‘logicalprocessesofthought’’(canbeautomated).‘‘Mature’’and‘‘creative’’:therealworkofdeepandoriginalthinking.(there
8、isnomechanicalsubstitute)LanzhouUniversity20108数字图书馆技术LanzhouUniversity20109CommonLISprofessionalpracticesExpe
