双重化控对春玉米灌浆期穗位叶和籽粒蔗糖代谢关键酶活性的影响

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2016,42(8):12151223http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01215双重化控对春玉米灌浆期穗位叶和籽粒蔗糖代谢关键酶活性的影响*李光彦王庆燕许艳丽卢霖焦浏董学瑞董志强中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,北京100081摘要:以中单909和吉单35为

2、材料,设置乙矮合剂和聚糠萘合剂双重化控处理,研究玉米穗位叶和籽粒中蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的动态变化,探讨双重化控调控玉米碳代谢的生理机制,为建立玉米高产稳产的化学调控技术提供理论基础。结果表明,双重化控提高了灌浆期穗位叶蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的活性,尤其显著提高灌浆后期(花后50d)蔗糖合成能力,提高灌浆前期(花后10~20d)穗位叶蔗糖含量,降低后期(花后30~50d)蔗糖含量。双重化控处理对玉米籽粒蔗糖合成酶(合成方向)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性的影响较小,蔗糖合成酶分解方向活性呈升高趋势;中单909籽粒蔗糖含

3、量灌浆前期(花后10d)升高,灌浆后期(花后50d)降低,花后20~40d影响不显著,吉单35籽粒蔗糖含量花后10~20d降低,30~40d升高,50d没有显著差异。双重化控处理提高了中单909和吉单35灌浆中期和灌浆中后期灌浆速率,使两品种粒重和产量均显著提高,分别比对照增产4.61%和7.78%。本研究说明,乙矮合剂和聚糠萘合剂双重化控处理可通过调控源库蔗糖代谢关键酶的活性,促进蔗糖在源端的合成和在库端的降解,从而促进碳同化物向籽粒的转运,达到高产。关键词:春玉米;乙矮合剂;聚糠萘合剂;蔗糖;蔗糖代谢关键酶Effectof

4、PlantGrowthRegulatorsonKeyEnzymesinSucroseMetabolismofEarLeafandGrainatFillingStageofSpringMaize*LIGuang-Yan,WANGQing-Yan,XUYan-Li,LULin,JiaoLiu,DONGXue-Rui,andDONGZhi-QiangInstituteofCropScience,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences/KeyLaboratoryofCropEcophysiologya

5、ndCultivation,Beijing100081,ChinaAbstract:Inordertoexplorethenewcultivationtechniques,chemicalcontrolwasestablishedinthisstudy.WeconductedafieldexperimentusingtwovarietiesofZhongdan909andJidan35withtreatmentsofleaf-sprayingethylene-chlormequat-potassium(ECK)inV6andP

6、ASP-KT-NAA(PKN)inV9.TheresultsshowedthatECK&PKNincreasedtheactivitiesofsucrosesyn-thetase(SS)andsucrosephosphatesynthetase(SPS)andsucrosecontentduringearlygrainfillingstage(1020dafteranthesis)inearleaf,anddecreasedsucrosecontentinearleafduringlategrainfillingstages

7、(3050dafteranthesis),especiallyitimprovedtheabilityofsucrosesynthesisatthelatefillingstage(50dafteranthesis).ECK&PKNalsodecreasedSS(synthesis)activityingrainduringmiddleandlategrainfillingstagesandincreasedSS(resolving)activity,promotingsucrosedecompositionability,

8、withlesseffectonSS(synthesis)andSPSactivitiesingrain.TheyieldsofZhongdan909andJidan35comparedwiththeirowncontrolwererespectivelyincreasedb