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1、棉花学报CottonScience2016,28(3):250―259中棉所63棉铃对位叶光合生理性能的杂种优势研究**葛勇袁李威袁刘艳改袁裴小雨袁周晓箭袁周克海袁张文生袁王海风袁孟清芹袁马雄风袁杨代刚(中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室袁河南安阳455000)摘要院以杂交棉中棉所63及其亲本为材料袁在棉铃发育时期对棉铃对位叶的生理和光合性能指标进行测定袁探索中棉所63获得高产的杂种优势形成机理遥结果表明院1)中棉所63产量优势显著遥单株结铃数比两亲本分别高21.52%袁43.28%袁铃重高2.42%袁19.31%袁叶面积载铃量高22.39%袁22.30%遥2)中棉所
2、63在棉铃发育后期棉铃对位叶生理指标表现出显著的杂种优势遥棉铃对位叶叶面积分别比亲本高26.60%袁59.41%袁并且中棉所63棉铃对位叶保持较高水平的SOD活性袁使其生理代谢明显提高曰与此同时袁中棉所63的MDA含量显著低于亲本袁细胞膜受损较轻袁延缓了对位叶的衰老遥3)中棉所63在棉铃发育后期棉铃对位叶光合指标表现出显著的杂种优势遥在棉铃发育后期袁中棉所63叶绿素含量尧SPS活性的高水平袁能够维持高效率的光合作用袁积累更多的光合产物袁从而使中棉所63获得较高的单株结铃数和铃重袁最终获得高产遥关键词院中棉所63曰棉铃对位叶曰杂种优势曰光合性能曰生理指标中图分类号院S562.01文献标
3、志码院A文章编号院1002-7807渊2016冤03-0250-1010.11963/issn.1002-7807.201603008GeYong,LiWei,LiuYan爷gai,PeiXiaoyu,ZhouXiaojian,ZhouKehai,ZhangWensheng,WangHaifeng,**MengQingqin,MaXiongfeng,YangDaigang(455000,)ThisstudyexploredtheformationmechanismofheterosisinthehybridcottonCCRI63.CCRI63anditstwoparentswere
4、usedtodeterminethephysiologicalandphotosyntheticcharacteristicsofthesubtendingleafatvariousdevelopmentalstagesofthecottonboll.Resultsrevealed:(1)YieldheterosisofCCRI63wasobvious;bollnumberperplantofCCRI63was21.52%and43.28%higherthanthetwoparents,respectively.Inaddition,thebollweightofCCRI63was2
5、.42%and19.31%greaterthanitsparents,respectively,andthebollloadofunitleafareawas22.39%and22.30%greater.(2)Physiologicalchar-acteristicsoftheCCRI63subtendingleafexhibitedsignificantheterosisinthelatedevelopmentstageofboll-forming.Thesub-tendingleafareaofCCRI63was26.60%and59.41%greaterthanitsparen
6、ts,respectively.Thehigh-levelofsuperoxidasedis-mutaseactivitymayhaveallowedphysiologicalmetabolisminthesubtendingleafofCCRI63toimprovesignificantly.Mean-while,thelow-levelofmalondialdehydeactivitylikelyreducedcellmembranedamageanddelayedsubtendingleafsenescenceinCCRI63.(3)Thephotosyntheticperfo
7、rmanceoftheCCRI63subtendingleafdisplayedsignificantheterosisinthelatestageofbolldevelopment.Inthelatecottonbolldevelopmentstage,thehigh-levelchlorophyllcontentandsucrosephosphatesyn-thaseactivityallowedCCRI63tomaintainefficientpho
