动词不定式、动名词用法和区别

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1、动词不定式、动名词的用法和区别动词不定式：动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。1.动词不定式作主语：Tomastalanguageisnotaneasything./ToteachEnglishismyfavorite.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。It'sverykindofyoutohavegivenusmuchhelp.2.动词不定式作宾语：某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide,begin,help,begin,want,wish,lik

2、e,forget,learn,ask.IliketohelpothersifIcan.3.动词不定式作宾语补语。Weexpectyoutobewithus.我们希望你和我们在一起。/Pleaseaskhimtocomeherequickly.请叫他快过来。4.动词不定式作表语：WhatIshoulddoistofinishthetasksoon./Themosturgentthingistofindtheboyimmediately.5.动词不定式作定语：Therearemanywaystosolvetheproblem./Ihavesomethingimportant

3、totellyou.6.不定式作状语：Wewenttothehospitaltoseeourteacher./SheismakingatesttogetakindofusefulmedicinefromaTibetflower.动词不定式的否定形式：not+to+动词原形Theteachertoldusnottoswiminthatriver.老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。It'sunfairnottotellus.没告诉我们真是不公平。带疑问词的不定式：疑问词who,what,which,when,where,how,why可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含

4、义更加具体。Wheretogoisnotknownyet.Idon'tknowwhentobegin.。Canyoutellmewheretogetthebattery.Doyouknowhowtogettothestation.带逻辑主语的不定式：动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是：for+逻辑主语+不定式。注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式，for本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。It'snecessaryforustohelpeachother./Therearemuchworkformetofinish,动词不定式的被动形式：表示不定

5、式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。Heisthemantobeexamined.他是受检查的人。/Therearemuchworktobedone.有好多工作要做。●动名词动名词是由动词原形+ing构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。1)动名词作主语：Talkinglikethatisnotpolite./Learningfromothersisimportant./Puttingonmoreclothesisnotsogood.（注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it作形式主语，而把动名词写在后面做真正的主语。）It'snousewaitingh

6、ere,let'sgohome./It'sverydifficultclimbingthismountain.2)动名词作表语Thenurse'sjobislookingafterthepatients.3)动名词作宾语有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin,mind,suggest,finish,stop,need,enjoy,miss,keep.Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse./Ilikereadingintheforest./Doyoumindmyopeningthewindows?4）动名词作定语Sheisstudyinginthe

7、readingroom./Hesleptinthesleepingbag.（动名词的否定形式：not+动名词）Hepretendnotknowingitatall.他假装全然不知。/Weconsiderednotdoingitnow.我们考虑现在不做这件事。动名词的被动形式：当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）Hisbeinglookeddownuponmadehimsick./Ican'treallystandbeingtreatedlikethat.动名词的几种特殊情况：1)有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，