philosophersofancientchina全文翻译

《philosophersofancientchina全文翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、PhilosophersofAncientChinaAncientChinawasapalcewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.Confucius（孔子）(551BC---479BC)isthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandoderinsociety.Ch

2、inesesocietywasinfluencedbytheseideasformorethan2000years.Mencius（孟子）wasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius.Menciuswasbornin372BC.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.HebecameastudentofConfucius’sideas,andwasthengivenanimportantposi

3、tioninthegovernmentofastate.However,whenhesawthattherulerwasnotfollowinghisadvice,heresigned.Formanyyearshetravelledfromstatetostate,teachingtheprinciplesofConfucius.Hethenbecameanadvisertoanotherruler.HespenthislastyearspreparingabookofhisteachingscalledTheBookofMencius.

4、Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.Hetaughtthatifthegovernmentwaskind,thenpeoplewouldbegood.Hebelievedthatpeopleweremoreimportantthanrulers,andhatedthestatewhenittreatedpeoplebadly.Mozi（墨子）wasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.Bornin4

5、76BC,hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.Hebecamefamousforhisunusualclothesandbehaviour.MozifoundedthephilosophycalledMohism.Insomeways,hisbeliefsweresimilartothoseofConfucius.Forexample,heconsideredthatgovernmentwasmostimportant.Asaresult,hespentmanyyearstryingtofindastate

6、wherepeoplewouldfollowhisteachings.Mozibelievedthatallmenwereequal.HisideaoflovewasdifferentfromtheConfucianideaofkindness.Mozitaughtthatweshouldloveallhumanbeingsandlookafterthosewhoareweakerthanourselves.Hehatedtheideaofwar.Mozidiedin390BC.中国古代哲学家古代中国是一个地方，国家之间经常发生战争的。但

7、这也是一个有许多著名哲学家。孔子（孔子）（551bcPhilosophersofAncientChinaAncientChinawasapalcewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.Confucius（孔子）(551BC---479BC)isthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.Hestressedtheimportanceofkindne

8、ss,dutyandoderinsociety.Chinesesocietywasinfluencedbytheseideasformorethan2000years.Mencius（孟子）w