液压方面外文翻译

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1、外文原文：Water-basedhydraulicsystemsWater-basedhydraulicsystemstraditionallyhavebeenusedinhot-metalareasofsteelmills.Theobviousadvantageofwatersystemsintheseindustriesistheirfireresistance.Water-basedhydraulicsystemsalsohaveobviouscostadvantagesoveroil-basedfluid.First,n

2、on-toxic,biodegradablesyntheticadditivesforwatercost$5to$6pergallon.Onegallonofconcentratecanmake20gallonsofa5%solution,sothecostofwater-basedhydraulicfluidactuallycanbelessthan30centspergallon.Consideringthecostsassociatedwithpreventingandcleaningupenvironmentalcont

3、amination,water-basedhydraulicsystemsholdthepotentialfortremendouscostsavingsattheplantlevel.Oilthathasleakedalreadybecomesaveryimportantproblem.Itmustbecollected,properlycontained.Watercontainingsyntheticadditives,however,canbydumpedintoplanteffluentsystems.Costsavi

4、ngsattheplantleveldon#39stopatthelowercostofthefluidanditsdisposal.Becausewater-basedhydraulicfluidconsistsof10partswaterandonepartsyntheticadditive,5gallonsofadditivemixeswithwatertomake100gallonsofwater-basedfluid.A50galloncontaineriscertainlyeasiertohandlethantwo5

5、5-gallondrums,sowarehousingissimpler,cleaner,andlesscluttered.Transportationcostsalsoarelower.Otherpotentialplant-widesavingsincludeimprovedsafetyforworkersbecausethewater-basedfluidisnon-toxicaswellasnon-flammable.Theseattributescanreduceplantinsurancerates.Spillsco

6、stlesstocleanupbecausegranularabsorbentsorabsorbentsocksareunnecessary.WaterishotagainTheoilembargointhe1970ssparkedinterestinwater-basedfluidsasaless-costlyalternativetooils.Eventhemostexpensivewateradditivesbecameattractivewhendesignerslearnedthatonegallonofconcent

7、ratewouldmake20gallonsoffluid.Asoilpricesgraduallydropped,sodidinterestinwater-basedhydraulics.Inretrospect,interestinwater-basedfluidscenteredontheircostsavingpotential.Mostdesignerslostinterestwhentheydiscoveredthattheycouldnotjustchangethefluidintheirsystemsfromoi

8、ltowaterwithoutmakingothersubstantialchanges.Theythenbecomereluctanttoacceptotherdisadvantagesreadsubstantialchangesofswitchingover