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1、黑龙江省宁安市东京城林业局第三中学高中英语Module1SmallTalkVocabulayGrammar学案外研版选修6学习目标:学习和区别didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone的用法,提高语言运用能力。学习方法指导:通过复习知识点,高考链接的训练对该语法进行巩固和熟练应用。学习过程:Ⅰ.1.本模块提到了need表示“过去不必做某事”的表达方法。didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone这两种结构都可以表示过去不必做某事,但didn’tneedtodo表示“没必要,实际上也没有做某事”;而needn’thavedon
2、e则表示“本没有必要,但实际上已经做了某事”。比较:①Theydidn’tneedtodoitthemselves,sotheywenthomeinadvance.②Theydidnotneedtogotoschool,sotheywentcampingtogether.③Ididn’tneedtogetupearlythismorning,soIstayedinbeduntil9a.m.上面三句话中,①表明他们没必要自己做,实际上他们也没有自己做;②表明我们没有去上课;③表明实际上“我”没有早起。①Asitturnedouttobeasmallhousep
3、arty,weneedn’thavedressedupsoformally.②—Mr.Smithdidn’tcomelastnight,didhe?—No.Weneedn’thavewaitedforhim.Awholenightwaswasted.③Youneedn’thavesaidthatwhenheasked.以上三句话中,①表明虽然没有必要正式着装,但实际上打扮得都很正式;②表明虽然没必要等史密斯先生,但实际上等了一晚上;③表明当他问的时候,实际上说了。2.“need”既可以作情态动词,也可以作实义动词。1)“need”作为情态动词的用法:①nee
4、d表示“需要”或“必须”,通常用于否定句和疑问句。如:Youneedn’tdoitagain.②needn’t后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态。如:Weneedn’tbewaitinginthisplace.Thehedgesneedn’tbetrimmedthisweek.本周树蓠不必要整修。2)“need”作为实义动词时,通常用法是:①人+need+todoWeneedtocollecttheparcelbeforeweleaveforEngland.②物+need+doingTheflowersneedwatering.③物+need+tobedo
5、neHisleathershoesneedstobemended.④另外,“need”后还可以直接跟名词。Itisaquestionthatneedsverycarefulconsideration.Ⅱ.情态动词+have+done(1)musthavedone可用来对某件过去的事情作__________推测,表示“一定已经,想必已经”做过某事,用于肯定的陈述句中。否定句中用__________。Shemusthavereceivedtheparcel,Isentitbyregisteredpost.(2)mayhavedone,mighthavedone,
6、couldhavedone“___________________________”,就语气而言couldhavedone所表的可能性更小些。Hemay/might/couldhaveleftbynine.他可能于九点前已离去。(3)shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone表示“____________________”但实际未做。Ishould/oughttohaveleftLondonbeforeninebutIdidn't.(4)shouldn'thavedone/oughtn'ttohavedone表示“_____________
7、”,但实际上又做了。Heshouldn't/oughtn'ttohaveleftLondonbeforeninebuthedid.(5)can't/couldn'thavedone表否定推测,“_____________”。Shecan't/couldn'thavegonetobed,forthelightinherroomisstillon.(6)couldhavedone可表示客观上“____________________”。表示遗憾Hecouldhavefinishedtheworkintimebuthedidn'tworkhard.(7)Ineed
8、n'thavegonetotheofficeyest