牛津译林版高中英语必修五unit 3《science and nature》word学案

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Unit3Scienceversusnature单元视窗Wordlistclone[kləun]vt.克隆n.克隆出来的动物或植物*embryo[ˈembriəu]n.胚胎ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…一方面…另一方面…tissue[ˈtiʃu:]n.(生物的)组织;纸巾toywith戏弄,摆弄;把…当作儿戏real-lifeadj真实的,现实生活中的*monster[ˈmɔnstə]n.怪物exact[igˈzækt]adj.精确的,准确的cell[sel]n.细胞;小隔间;电池*mammal[ˈmæməl]n.哺乳动物*Scottish[ˈskɔtiʃ]adj.苏格兰的intention[inˈtenʃən]n.意图,目的;企图anxiety[æŋˈzaiəti]n.忧虑,焦虑,不安saleswoman[ˈseilzwumən]n.女售货员,女推销员adopt[əˈdɔpt]vt.收养,领养;采用,采纳legal[ˈli:gəl]adj.法律许可的,合法的pushaheadwith义无反顾地进行,努力推进*Italian[iˈtæliən]adj.意大利的n.意大利人;意大利语physician[fiˈziʃən]n.医师;内科医生goat[gəut]n.山羊consequence[ˈkɔnsikwəns]n.结果,后果harvest[ˈhɑ:vist]vt.&vi.收割(庄稼)n.收获;收成forsale供出售,待销售transform[trænsˈfɔ:m]vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向);使改变形态concept [ˈkɔnsept]n.概念;观念crime[kraim]n.罪,罪行fellow[ˈfeləu]n.男子,家伙;同事,同类profession[prəˈfeʃən]n.职业,行业radiation [ˌreidiˈeiʃən]n.辐射,放射线breakthrough[ˈbreikθru:]n.突破original[əˈridʒənəl]adj.原来的,起初的;首创的;非复制的judgement[ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]n.判断力;看法,评价;(法律)判决be/getburntout耗尽体力,累垮relation[riˈleiʃən]n.关系;亲戚publicrelationsn.公共关系followinone'sfootsteps效仿某人conduct[ˈkɔndʌkt]vt.实施;指挥乐队majority[məˈdʒɔriti]n.多数,大多数summary[ˈsʌməri]n.总结;概括,概要consideration[kənˌsidəˈreiʃən]n.仔细考虑;必须考虑的因素;体谅,顾及take...intoconsideration认真考虑hunger[ˈhʌŋgə]n.饥饿;饥荒tasty[ˈteisti]adj.美味的,可口的nutrition[nju:ˈtriʃən]n.营养ordinary[ˈɔ:dinəri]adj.普通的,一般的reliable[riˈlaiəbl]adj.可信赖的,可依靠的accurate[ˈækjurət]adj.准确的,精确的brief[bri:f]adj.短时间的,短暂的;简洁的,简单的actual[ˈæktʃuəl]adj.真实的,实际的confirm[kənˈfə:m]vt.&vi.证实,证明;确认;使确信agriculture[ˈægrikʌltʃə]n.农业channel[ˈtʃænəl]n.水道;航道;隧道favour[ˈfeivə]n.赞同,支持;恩惠,帮助;偏爱,偏袒infavourof赞同,支持pointofviewn.观点catastrophe[kəˈtæstrəfi]n.灾难,灾祸*resource[riˈsɔ:s]n.资源acre[ˈeikə]n.英亩rainforestn.雨林income[ˈinkʌm]n.收入,收益*genetics[dʒiˈnetiks]n.遗传学frighten[ˈfraitn]vt.使惊吓,使惊恐*genetically[dʒɪˈnetɪklɪ]adj.从基因上,与基因相关*modify[ˈmɔdifai]vt.调整,修改;修饰geneticallymodified转基因的insert[inˈsə:t]vt.插入,嵌入*DNAn.脱氧核糖核酸(deoxyribonucleicacid缩写)pest [pest]n.害虫profit[ˈprɔfit]n.利润,收益vi.&vt.获益;对……有用chain[ˈtʃein]n.一系列;一连串(人或事)foodchainn.食物链permission[pəˈmiʃən]n.准许,许可,批准把你没有记牢的挑出来，好好滴记住哦！ TheperfectcopyFocusScientistshaveannouncedthattheyhaveclonedthefirsthumanembryo.Thishascausedmuchdebateroundtheworld.Ontheonehand,somescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproducevaluablehumantissues—suchasboneorlungtissue—thatcouldbeusedtosavehumanlives.Ontheotherhand,manypeople,includingsomescientists,disagreeandareafraidthat,ifmankindtoyswithnatureinthisway,wemaybeonourwaytoproducingareal-lifeFrankenstein'smonster.Cloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.ThefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwasDollythesheep.Shewasbornin1996anddiedinearly2003,atamuchyoungeragethannormal.Whenshewasborn,manypeoplewereworriedthatcloningwouldleadtomorediseasesintheanimalworld.However,ingeneralthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificadvance.IanWilnut,theScottishscientistwhocreatedDolly,isshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.Althoughheresearchescloning,hisintentionhasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.Instead,hethinksresearcheffortsshouldconcentrateoncreatingnewtissuesandorgansthatcanbeusedtocurediseaseslikecancer.However,somepeoplebelievethatcloninghumanembryoswiththeintentionofdestroyingthemshowsnorespectforhumanlife.Eventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotofanxiety,itisgoodnewsforFayeWilson,a41-year-oldsaleswomanwhocannothaveababy.‘Iamanxioustohaveachildofmyown,’shesays.'Idon'twanttoadoptsomeoneelse'schild—ifIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbabyrightnow.'Whilecloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.SeverinoAntinori,anItalianphysician,hasdeclaredthathewantstobethefirsttocloneahumanbeing.InChina,scientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimals,aswellasclonedtissuestobeusedinmedicaltreatment.Chinahassucceededinproducingclonesofcowsandgoats,andcontinuestoresearchwaysinwhichcloningcanbenefitmankind.DearEditor,Ibelievethathumancloningiswrong.Ifwetoywithnature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.Whoknowswhatcouldhappen?Humanlifewouldjustbecomeacroptobeharvestedoraproductforsale.ThehumanraceisusingupEarth'snaturalwealth.WeshouldbehavingfewerbabiesinordertoreduceEarth'spopulation,notcloningmore.Ifeelsorryfortheladywhocannothaveababy,butIwouldliketopointoutthattherearemanychildrenintheworldwithnoparentswhowouldbedelightedtohaveamother.PaulineCarterDearEditor,Iwouldliketocommentonyourarticle'Theperfectcopy'.Ithinkthescientificadvancesmentionedinyourarticlearefantastic.Iamincompleteagreementwithhumancloning.Afterall,scientistshavebeenchallengingmoralideasforcenturies.Whyshouldwestopthemnow? Onapersonalnote,cloningwouldtotallytransformmylife.Sevenyearsago,my10-year-olddaughterdiedofheartfailure.Shewasbeautiful,cheerfulandbright.Imisshereverysingleday.IfIhadthechance,IwouldcloneherimmediatelysothatIcouldbewithheragain.ColinJakeFirstperiodListenandlearn:Listentothewordlistandtrytolearnthewordsandphrasesbyheart.◆Step1:◆Step2:Personalshow●Task1:Givethefollowingwords’Chinesemeaningconsequencen.harvestvt.&vi.n.transformvt.conceptn.breakthroughn.conductvt.nutritionn.reliableadj.briefadj.confirmvt.&vi.●Task2:Translatethefollowingwords戏弄,摆弄;把……当作儿戏n.意图,目的;企图vt.收养,领养;采用,采纳adj.法律许可的,合法的义无反顾地进行,努力推进效仿某人n.总结;概括,概要n.资源n.仔细考虑;必须考虑的因素;体谅,顾及n.利润,收益vi.&vt.获益;对…有用Step3:TextreadingListentothetextandthenfinishthefollowingsentences●Task:Task-basedreading阅读课文,完成下表。注意：一空一词Para.1Differentopinionsonthefirsthumanembryo1._______For:Humanembryocloningcanproducevaluabletissues—2._____boneorlungtissue—thatcouldbeusedto3.______humanlives.Against:Wemaybeonthewaytoproducingareal-lifeFrankenstein’s4.____.Para.2Differentopinionsonthebirthof5.________For:People6._______scientistsforthescientificbreakthrough.Against:Cloningwouldcreatemore7._____.Para.3~5IanWilmut’sintentionSeverionAntinori’sintentionResearcheffortsshouldbe8.______oncreatingnewtissuesandorgansformedicaluse.Cloninghumanembryoswiththeintentionofdestroyingthemshowsno9._____forhumanlife.Tobethefirsttocloneahumanbeing.Para.6Chinesescientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloning10.______,aswellasclonedtissuestobeusedinmedicaltreatment.Theyhavesucceededincloningcowsandgoats.Homework:1.Readthetext2.Trytorecitethesentencesinstep3-Task1SecondperiodStep1:PersonalshowWritedownthewordsaccordingtoyourself. Step2:Languagefocus◆1.intendedadj.(为…〉打算的/设计的intentionn.意图；目的；企图知识探究：Mybrotherintendstostudyabroadnextyear.我弟弟打算明年到国外留学。HewenttoPariswiththeintentionoflearning/tolearnFrench.他到巴黎是为了学法语。Ihavenointentionofgoingtothewedding.我无意去参加婚礼。Thecourseisintendedforintermediatestudents.这个课程是为中等水平的学生开设的。Thedictionaryisintendedforchildren.这本字典是给小孩用的。Hisparentsintendedhimtostudyabroad.他的父母想让他去国外学习。归纳整理：题练落实：1.Smallchildrendon’tlikebooksthatare_______foradults.A.promisedB.permittedC.admittedD.intended2.---IthoughtyouandPeterweregoingforabikeride.---_______,butthefrontwheelofmybikeisbentandIhaven’thaditfixed.A.WeintendedtoB.I’msorryC.Well,wewentD.Shewas,andIwon’t3.Inthepark,thenumberofvisitorsistightly_______toavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorputtingstressontheanimals.A.limitedB.encouragedC.expectedD.intended4.She________tocatchtheearlytrain,butshedidn’tgetupintime.A.intendedB.wasintendedC.hadintendedD.wasintending联想拓宽：withoutintention无意地byintention故意地withgoodintention善意地，诚意地点津：hadintendedtodosth.指本来打算做某事而没有做;intend后接宾语从句时其谓语形式应用"shoulddo"结构，should可以省略。◆2.adoptvt.&.vi.收养,领养;采用(方法);采取(态度);采纳(建议);承袭(风俗);选举知识探究：Paperslikethistendtoadoptaverysimplewritingstyle.这样的论文往往采用比较朴实的写作风格。MrKernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生收养了那个孤儿。Congresshasadoptedthenewmeasure.国会通过了新的议案。归纳整理：题练落实：1.Theoldcoupledecidedto_______aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreeoftheirown.A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt2.Thepoormother,whohadbeenillinbed,hadtohaveherlittleson_____athisuncle's.A.adaptedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.applied3.Thisteachingmethodisbeing____inseveralschoolstohelpchildrenwithdisabilityobtainhighereducation.A.attendedB.adoptedC.adaptedD.admitted联想拓宽：adopt与adapt 1)adoptvt.采取,采用;收养,领养;正式通过;接受adopt(vt.)-adopted(adj.)-adoption(n.)2)adaptvt.使适应,使适合;修改,改编vi.适应(to)adapt(n.)-adaptable(adj.)-adaptation(n.)3)adaptsth.forsth.改变某事物以便在不同情况下运用adaptto适应Allhissuggestionshavebeenadopted.他所有的建议全部被采纳了。anadoptedchild养子(女)Thenumberofadoptionshasriseninthepastyear.在过去的一年,收养子女的数目增加了。adoptionn.收养;领养;采用;推选adoptiveadj.收养的;有收养关系的adoptedadj.收养的,领养的adoptone'smethodofteaching接受某人的教学方法adoptanidea采纳意见adoptareport接受报告adoptachild收养孩子ThirdperiodReadingstrategies:UnderstandingscientifictermsWhenreadingarticlesaboutscience,weoftencomeacrossdifficultscientificterms.Wehavetoworkouttheirmeaninginordertounderstandthetextasawhole.Beginbyreadingthefirstandlastparagraphsforanideaofwhatthearticleisabout.Then,scanthebodyofthearticle.Circleanywordsyoudonotknow.Questionthingsyoudonotunderstandorthatdonotappeartomakesense.Finally,readthroughthearticleafewtimes.Youwilloftenbeamazedtodiscoverthatwhatconfusedyouatfirstmakessenseuponfurtherreadings.2011年江西卷D篇Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因构成)ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential(潜在的)resourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products(副产品)oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsof howtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingtosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.71.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.72.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplace.73.Theunderlinedword“spin-offs”inParagraph4probablyrefersto______.A.survivalchancesB.potentialresourcesC.unexpectedbenefitsD.physicalpossessions74.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Ourgeneticmakeup.B.Resourcesontheearth..C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.75.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.2011年广东卷B篇Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk‘dog’,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk‘Cat’.What’sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearntoreadeachother’sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreciouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother’spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetherinthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.Thesignificanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets----topeople whodon’tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.31.Theunderlinedwordswimminglyinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quicklyD.smoothly32.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen_________.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theymisunderstandeachother’ssignalsD.theyareintroducedatanearlyage33.Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A.TheyeatandsleeptogetherB.Theyobserveeachother’sbehaviorsC.Theylearntospeakeachother’slanguageD.Theyknowsomethingfromeachother’svoice34.Itissuggestedinparagraph4thatcatsanddogs_______.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanwasexpected35.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.WeshouldlearntoliveinharmonyB.WeshouldknowsmoreaboutanimalsC.WeshouldliveinpeacewithanimalsD.WeshouldlearnmorebodylanguagesForthperiodProject1:ManversusnatureForalongtime,ourenvironmenthasbeendamagedbecausehumanshavebeencareless.Peoplehaveharmednaturethroughagriculture,fishing,huntingandtourism.WefurtherdamageEarthbybuildingnewchannelsintheseaandfactoriesontheland,andbycreatingpollutionwithchemicalwaste.Wewillsomedaydestroytheplanetweliveonifwecontinueinthisway.However,ifwefocusonlyonconservation,thenpeoplemaysuffer.Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavorofnature?Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople,weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone,usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.Otherpeoplearguethatsuchthinkingmaycauseacatastrophe,unlesswestarttolookaroundandunderstandhowacleanenvironmentbenefitsusall.Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources,manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.However,manypoorernationsmustfocusonmeetingtheeverydayneedsoftheirpeople.Indoingso,theyareusingupnaturalresourcesatafastpace.Theyhavenotyetseentheeffectsofthecarelessuseoftheenvironmentlikemanywealthynationshave.Oftentheydonotrealizethatthechoicestheymakearebadfortheenvironment.Shouldtheybeblamedfordestroyinghundredsofthousandsofacresofrainforestifitmeansabetterincomefortheirpeople?Thedevelopedanddevelopingcountriesoftheworldneedtoworktogethertomakesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives,withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.Itshouldnotbeaquestionofhumanswinningandnaturelosing.Humanscanonlyreallywinbyprotectingnature.Afterall,foodhastobeproducedinahealthy,naturalsystem,andweallneedcleanairtobreatheandpurewatertodrink.Itismankind'sresponsibilitytofindanswersthataregoodforeveryone,and everything.Project2:GMfood:hopeordanger?Inrecentyears,therehasbeengreatprogressinthestudyofgenetics.Withthisprogress,doorshavebeenopeneduptotechnologiesthatneverexistedbefore.Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies,thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.Therearetwowaysinwhichaplantorananimalcanbegeneticallymodified.First,newmaterialcanbeinsertedintoitsDNAtogivetheplantoranimalqualitieswhichitwouldneverhaveinnature.Second,materialcanbetakenfromtheDNAofaplantorananimalinordertoremovequalitieswhicharenotdesired.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.Sofar,thistechnologyhasbeenusedtoproduceplantswhicharebetterabletodefendthemselvesagainstpestsanddisease.SupportersofGMfoodarguethatGMplantsarehealthierandhavelargerharvests.WhiletherehasbeenresearchinGManimalssuchaspigs,noGMmeatisbeingsoldatpresent.ManyquestionshavebeenraisedaboutGMfood.Noonereallyknowswhetheritissafeforanimalsorhumanstoeat.ScientistsadmitthatmoretestsshouldbedoneonGMfood.Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits,ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.GMfoodcouldthereforebedangeroustoeat.ThereisalsoaquestionastowhetherGMplantsaresafefortheenvironment.SinceGMcropsareplantedoutside,theyarepartofthefoodchain—insectsandotheranimalseatthemorusetheirproducts,andtheseinsectsandanimalswillbeeatenbyyetotheranimals.NooneknowswhateffectstheGMmaterialmighthaveonthefoodchain.SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods,astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.Step1:Readandlearn◆ListentothetextandgraspthegeneralspiritofthetextLanguagefocus:◆1.considervt.考虑；认为考虑；认为知识探究：I’mconsideringchangingmyjob.我在考虑还份工作。We’reconsideringsellingthehouse.我们正在考虑卖掉房子。Iconsiderwhathesaidasreasonable.我认为他说的有道理。Sheconsidersitimpolitetotalkwhileeating.她认为吃饭的时候说话是不礼貌的。Hewasgenerallyconsideredtohaveinventedthefirstcomputer.人们普遍认为是他发明了第一台计算机。WeconsiderJacktohaveletoutthesecret.我们认为是杰克泄露了秘密。归纳整理：consider作“考虑”讲时,其后可接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句,也可接由how,what等引导的不定式,但不可直接接不定式。consider+n./pron.consider+doing.consider+从句consider+疑问词+todoconsider为“认为”时,后接that从句,复合宾语或带不定式的复合结构,但不可接动名词,结构表示如下：consider+that...consider+宾语+(tobe/as)+n./adj.consider+sb.tohavedonesth.consider+it+adj./n.(+forsb.)todosth.题练落实： 1.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering_____tothecitycenterforthefashionshow.A.togoB.goingC.tohavegoneD.havinggone2.Columbuswasconsidered_______thegreatlandofAmerica.A.todiscoverB.tohavediscoveredC.discoveringD.havingconsidered3.---Ican’tstandJack.Heistooinefficient!---Nobodyisperfect.Trytobe_______toothers.A.consideringB.considerateC.considerableD.considered4._________hishighsocialstatus,itisreallyhardforusto_____hisjoiningusingoingwesttoteachchildrenthere.A.Considered;preventfromB.Considering;opposeC.Toconsider;persuadeD.Beingconsidered;objectto5.Hewasn'tmadepresidentoftheboardofdirectors,________notverypopularwithallitsmembers.A.tobeconsideredB.beingconsideredC.consideringD.havingconsidered6.Thecarburnsmorefuel,but_____allthingsintoconsideration,it'sstillagoodcar.A.takenB.havingtakenC.takingD.totake7.Yousurelycan't_______himtobeaselfishman,forheisreadytohelpanyoneintrouble.A.doubtB.remainC.adviseD.consider8.Haveyouconsidered________himforhelp?A.askB.askingC.toaskD.asked9.________hisinexperience,hehasdoneaverygoodjob,soyoushouldgivehimsomethingasa(an)_________.A.Considered;awardB.Given;rewardC.Regard;giftD.Considering;prize10.Italwaysmadeusembarrassedthatwhenwetriedtogreethimpolitely,wewerestillconsidered_______.A.toberudeB.beingrudeC.tobeingrudeD.tohavebeenrude联想拓宽：consider的名词形式是consideration,与其相关的常用词组有：outofconsiderationfor出于对……的考虑;体谅beworthyofconsideration值得考虑beunderconsideration在讨论中takesth.intoconsideration考虑到,顾及,把…考虑在内haveconsiderationforothers为别人着想giveone'scarefulconsideration加以慎重考虑inconsiderationof考虑到;作为对……的回报(=inreturnfor)considerateadj.体贴的;考虑周全的consideringprep./conj.考虑到……;就……而言(3)consider...as...表示“把……当作……来看待”,此外以下结构也可以表示这一含义：regard...as.../respect...as.../accept...as.../recognize...as/thinkof...as:/think...tobe/have...as/lookon...as/treat...asconsiderateadj.体贴的,考虑周到的considerableadj.相当多的,相当大的consideration考虑,体贴,报酬consideringprep.&conj.考虑,就…而言beconsideratetowardssb.对…体贴beconsideratetodosth.做…考虑周到的 inconsiderationof作为对…的回报,考虑到take…intoconsideration(account)考虑某事物,体谅某事物underconsideration在考虑中阅读理解：Specialtreesthatgrowfaster,fightpollution,producebetterwood,andevensensechemicalattacksarebeingplantedbyscientistsintheUS.When40percentofHawaii'sUS$14million-a-yearpapaya(木瓜)industrywasdestroyedbyavirusfiveyearsago,workbeganoncreatinggeneticallyengineered(转基因的)trees.Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsthatweredesignedtoresistthevirus.Sincethen,moreandmorepeoplehavebeentestinggeneticallyengineeredtrees.Someresearchersputspecialbacteriaintotreestohelpthemgrowfasterandproducebetterwood.Othersaretryingtocreatetreesthatcancleanpollutedsoil.Meanwhilefruitfarmersarelookingfortreesthatarestrongenoughtoresistworms,andpapercompanieswanttreesthatproducemorewoodandthereforemorepaper.ThePentagon(五角大楼，美国国防部所在地)evengavetheresearchersUS$500,000thisyearaftertheydevelopedapinetreethatchangesitscoloursifitsensesachemicalattack.Sofar,thepoplar,eucalyptus(杨树与桉树),appleandcoffeetreesareamongthosebeingengineered.Allthesecanbedonetodaybecausewehaveabetterunderstandingoftreegenomes(基因组).However,somepeoplefearthatthegeneticallyengineeredtreeswillcausedangerousresults.Theyareworriedthatthenewtreeswillbreedwithnaturalspeciesandchangethebalanceoftheforestenvironment.“Itcouldbedestructive,”saidJimDiamond,anenvironmentalist.“Treesarewhatisleftofournaturalenvironmentandhometomanyendangeredspecies.”Butresearchersinsistthatsciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers.Theyhopetoanswerthecriticsbystoppingthenewtreesfrombreeding,sotheireffectontheenvironmentcanbecontrolled.1.WhichkindoftreeisnottheonesthatscientistsareplantingintheUS?A.Treesthatwormscan'thurt.B.Treesthatcanreacttoachemicalattack.C.Treesthatcanresistwindbetter.D.Geneticallyengineeredtrees.2.WhatcausedtheAmericanscientiststoworkonspecialtrees?A.Theythinksciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers.B.Greatnumbersoftreeshavebeenlostduetoattacksbyviruses.C.Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsdesignedtoresistthevirus.D.Treegenomesaremappedoutsoscientistsknowhowtoimprovetrees.3.Whichofthefollowingwasprobablythefirstkindoftreesbeingengineered?A.Papaya.B.Pine.C.Apple.D.Poplar.4.Whydidcriticsthinkengineeredtreesdangerous?Because_______.A.thesetreesmayeventuallydestroythebalanceofnatureB.everythingexcepttreeshasbeengeneticallyengineeredC.treesarehometomanyendangeredspeciesD.thesetreeswillreplacenormaltrees 写作能力培养：◆当前，家长普遍认为现在孩子的行为习惯没有他们自己小时候的好。请你根据下表所提供的信息写一篇英语文章，简单介绍一下这种现象及出现这种现象的原因，并针对这种现象提一些建议。现象家长小时候懂礼貌、尊重别人、循规蹈矩现在的小孩不乐于助人、不尊重别人、崇尚自由。原因1．互联网及电视节目中不良信息的影响2．家长和老师过分关注学生成绩，忽视对学生行为习惯的培养建议（提出至少两点建议）…注意：1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。Nowadays,alargenumberofchildrenhavebadmannerswhiletheirparentsbehavedwellwhentheywereatthesameage.____________________________________________________Fifthperiod单项选择1.TheInternethasbrought________bigchangesinthewaywework.A.about B.outC.back D.up2.---Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?  ---That________mefine. A.fits B.meetsC.satisfies D.suits3.Mr.White________at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrived B.shouldarrive C.shouldhavehadarrived D.shouldbearriving4.---Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible! ---_________.A.NoramI B.NeitherwouldIC.Samewithme D.SodoI5.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework________myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A. since B.whileC.when D.as6.I’mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything________? A.tobebuying B.tobuyC.forbuying  D.bought7.Jackalmostfelloffthecliff,butmanagedto_____untilhelpcame.A.keeponB.catchonC.countonD.hangon8.__________,shecouldhardlyhaveanytimetoplaywithherlittledaughter.A.BusyasshewasB.AswasshebusyC.wasbusysheD.Asshewasbusy9.Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyouhave,itcan’t________ahealthybody.A. match B.fitC.defeat D.compare10.It’simportantforustoemployawordoraphraseaccordingtothe_______inlanguagestudies.A. situation B.expressionC.condition D.translation11.Itwas_____bytherailwayboardthatthecostofrailfareswouldbeincreasedbytenpercent.A.noticedB.statedC.suggestedD.noted12.---Jack,howdidit_______thatyoumadesomanymistakesinyourhomework?---Imyselfhaven’tfigureditoutyet! A. bringabout B.comeaboutC.occurto D.getdown13.Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?A. itiswhat B.itishow C.whatitis D.howitis14.---Haveyouforgotten____arulerfromWangLing?  ---Oh,yes.ButI’llremember____ittohertomorrow.A. borrowing;toreturn B.borrowing;returning C.toborrow;toreturn D.toborrow;returning15.---Youhavepromisedtogo,thenwhyhaven’tyougotready?   ---I____youwanttogoatonce. A.haven’trealized B.didn’trealizeC.don’trealize D.won’trealize16.---Let’shurry.Perhapswecancatchthetrain.---It’stoolatenow,_______.A.otherwiseB.thereforeC.anywayD.however17.Somepeopleargueusing_____naturetomeetourownneedsmayspelldisaster,unlesswestarttolookaroundandunderstandhow______cleanenvironmentbenefitsusall.A./;aB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a18.Manychildrenthinktheyare___withwhentheirparentsaretryingtoshowconcernaboutthem.A.interferedB.separatedC.disturbedD.offended19.Overyears,scientistshavemadeagreat_____inthetreatmentofcancer.A.break-inB.breakthroughC.breakupD.breakdown20.Somepeoplearesittingonthegrass;othersarewalkingalongthelake,______.A.chattingandtolaughB.tochatandtolaughC.chattingandlaughingD.chattedandlaughed21.Wehadintendedtodoeverythingaccordingtotheschedule,butitdidn’t____asplanned.A.makeupB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup22.____bymanywell-knownexpertsandfilmstars,theproductwasverypopularatonetime.A.ToadvocateB.HavingadvocatedC.AdvocatingD.Advocated23.Whentheheadmasterspokeouthisplan,the____ofthestudentsintheclass___againstit.A.majority;wereB.most;wereC.most;didD.majority;did24.Allthecandidateswere______thestreettobenamedafteragreatman______hisgreatcontributionstothecity.A.infavorof;inneedofB.inpraiseof;infavorofC.inpraiseof;inneedofD.infavorof;inhonorof25.Whenthestrangerwasdragginghimaway,thebabyreachedouthishandsin______wantofhismother.A.curiousB.desperateC.sincereD.serious26.Theexplorertraveledtoseveralremotevillages,_____alotofunusualinformation.A.gatheringB.havinggatherC.togatherD.gathered27.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhetherthey___banningcars inthecitycenter.A.agreeB.commentC.advocateD.conduct28.Itwasmorethanhecouldbearwhenhisoldfriend______himtoacceptacigarette.A.invitedB.urgedC.persuadedD.agreed29.Experiencedassheis,theteacherisstillthinkingofnewideasabouthowthenewtextbooksshouldbe______.A.conductedB.madeC.sentD.carried30.---Whereareyougoingtospendyoursummerholiday?---I’llgo_____itisalreadycool.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.where阅读理解:A2011•陕西卷D篇Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s,geneticallymodified(GM,转基因)foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheword,mainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.ButcanGMtechnologysolveworldhungerproblems?Evenifitwould,isitthebestsolution?Despitewhatitpromises,GMtechnologyactuallyhasnotincreasedtheproductionpotentialofanycorp.Infact,studiesshowthatthemostwidelygrownGMcrop.GMsoybeans,hassufferedreducedproductivity.Forinstance,areportthananalysednearlytwodecadesofresearchonmajorGMfoodcropsshowsthatGMengineeringhasfailedtosignificantlyincreaseUScropproduction.Somethingelse,however,hasbeenontherise,WhileGMseedsareexpensive,GMcompaniestellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides（杀虫剂）.Onthecontrary,USgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideusecomparedtotraditionalcrops.“Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.Butnetheristrue,”saidBillChristison,PresidentoftheUSNationalFarmCoalition.Atthesametime,theauthorsofthebookWorldHunger:TwelveMythsarguethatthereactuallyismorethanenoughfoodintheworldandthatthehungercrisisisnotcausedbyproduction,butbyproblemsinfooddistributionandpolitics.Theseindeeddeserveoureffortsandmoney.Meanwhile,theriseinfoodpricesresultsfromtheincreaseduseofcropsforfuelratherthanfood,accordingtoa2008WorldBankreport.Asamatteroffact,scientistsseebetterwaystofeedtheworld.AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhunger,becausebetterwaysoutareavailable,amongwhich“green”farmingissupposedtobethefirstchoice.57.Theauthordevelopsthesecondparagraphmainly_________.A.byclassificationB.bycomparisonC.byexampleD.byprocess58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boost”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Control.B.EvaluateC.Obtain.D.Increase.59.GMcompaniespromisefarmersthattheywillbenefitfrom______________.A.practicing“green”farmingB.useoflesschemicalsC.fairdistributionoftheircropsD.usingmorecropsforfuel60.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsGMtechnology?A.OptimisticB.DefensiveC.DisapprovingD.Casual B(2010•山东D篇)Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerful,problemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouri(MU)researchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmaller,lighterandmoreefficient.“Toprovideenoughpower,weneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity(密度)”,saidJaeKwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.“Theradioisotope(放射性同位素)batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.”Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbattery,presentlythesizeandthicknessofapenny,intendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanrealsystems(M/NEMS).Althoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcerns,Kwonsaidtheyaresafe.“Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangerous,”hesaid,“However,nuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevices,suchaspace-makers,spacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.”Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半导体).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure(晶体结构)ofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid,“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.71.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.Heisworkingonanuclearenergysource.D.Hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.72.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplied.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyused.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.73.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewasteB.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteriesD.reducethedamagetolatticestructure.74.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductorB.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltest.75.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreportB.bookreview C.newspaperadD.sciencefictionstory任务型阅读信息转换专练1.It’surgentnowforustodosomethingeffectivetopreventthis.→It’shightimethatweshouldtakesomeeffective______topreventthis.2.Alotofsmokewasproducedbythiskindofmachine,whichcausedseriousairpollutioninthepast.→Alotofsmoke____outbythiskindofmachinecausedseriousairpollutioninthepast.3.Thecaptainplayedaleadingroleinthefootballmatch.→Therolethecaptainplayedinthefootballgamewasthemost_______.4.Youshouldbequiteclearofwhatimportanceyourwordsaretoyourdaughter.→Youshouldbe______ofhowimportantyourwordsaretoyourdaughter.5.Whateveryoudoinfrontofherwillprobablyaffectwhatshewillbeinthefuture.→Whateveryoudoinfrontofherwillprobablyhavea(n)_____herfuture.6.Someofthegoodstherearecheapwhilesomearenot.→______allgoodsthereareoflowprices.7.Couldyoutellmewhyyouarelateagaintoday?Youshouldhavebeenherebeforenine.→Couldyoutellmethereasonwhyyouarelateagaintoday?Youare____tobeherebeforenine.8.Mydaughterisoneofthecutestgirlsintheworld.Sheismypride.→Mydaughterisoneofthecutestgirlsintheworld.Iam_____ofher.9.Don’tyouknowthatthePRCreferstothePeople’sRepublicofChina?→Don’tyouknowthatthePRC_______forthePeople’sRepublicofChina?10.MyteachersalwaysgavemecouragetocontinueworkinghardwhenIwasindifficulty.→Myteachersalways_______metocontinueworkinghardwhenIwasindifficulty.11.SherecommendedthebasicknowledgeofadvertisementstomewhenIfirstgotintheadvertisementcompany.→She_____tomethebasicknowledgewhenIbegantoworkintheadvertisementcompany.12.Youshouldbealwayswithhertomakesurethatsheissafe.→Youshouldalways_________herfromanydanger.13.Weshouldtrynottobetrickedbyhersweetwords.→Weshouldtrynotto_______forhertricksofsweetwords.14.Thenewbuildingwasbeingbuilt—Ihopewe’llmoveintoitbytheendoftheyear.→Thenewbuildingwasunder________—Ihopewe’llmoveintoitbytheendoftheyear.15.Intermsofhisproposal,therewereprosandcons.→________hisproposal,therewereprosandcons.16.Inthelate1800sandearly1900s,thereweremainlytwotypesoffamiliesintheUnitedStates:theextendedandthenuclear.→Inthelate1800sandearly1900s,thereweretwo_____typesoffamiliesintheUnitedStates,______,theextendedandthenuclear.17.Theextendedfamilyusuallyincludesgrandparents,parents,andchildrenlivingunderthesameroof.Thenuclearfamilyconsistsofonlyparentsandchildren.→Theextendedfamilyusuallyincludesgrandparents,parents,andchildrenliving underthesameroof_______thenuclearfamilyconsistsofonlyparentsandchildren.18.Theperformerfoundithardtoplayhismusic.→Hismusicpresentsagreat______totheperformer,difficulttoplay.19.11.6percentsaidthattheyfeltverysleepyduringtheday.→The______ofthepeoplefeelingsleepyatdaytimeis11.6.20.Ifyouhavedifficultysleepingatnightforalongtime,theriskofgainingweightandhavingaheartattackmayincrease.→Thereismuch______thatsleeplesspeopleeasilygainweightandhaveaheartattack.