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1、地理标志、原产地名称与原产地证明商标(Geographicalindications,appellationsoforiginandcertificatesoforigin)WTO(WTO)intellectualpropertyagreement,theagreementontraderelatedaspectsofintellectualpropertyrights(hereinafterreferredtoasTRIPS),thesecondpartofthethirdsectionprovidesformembersofthegeogr
2、aphicalindicationsoftheprotectionobligations.TRIPSdefinitionofgeographicalindications:"geographicalindications"meanstheidentificationofaproductfromamembercountryoranareaoralocationinthatarea.Certainqualities,reputations,orothercharacteristicsoftheproductareessentiallyattribu
3、tedtothegeographicalorigin".Geographicalindicationsareindicationsofaspecificproductsource.Itisthenameofthecountryandwillnotcausemisidentificationofthenamesoftheadministrativedistrictsandregions,geographicalnames.Thebasiccharacteristicsofgeographicalindicationshasthreepoints:
4、(1)markedtherealsourceofgoodsorservices(i.e.geographicalorigin);(2)thegoodsorservicehasauniquequality,reputationorotherfeatures;(3)thequalityorcharacteristicsofnaturecanbeattributedtoitsspecialgeographicalorigin.Fromtheabovedefinition,itiseasytoseethattheTRIPSagreementrequir
5、esthatthegeographicalindicationsprotectedbythemembercountriesactuallybelongtothespecialgeographicalindications,whichareclosertothenameofthecountryoforigin.*similartotrademarks,themainfunctionofgeographicalindicationsistodistinguishthesourcesofgoods.Althoughitisconceivabletha
6、tgeographicalindicationsareusedforservices,suchbroadgeographicalindicationsarenotcurrentlyavailableininternationaltreatiesorTRIPSagreementsadministeredbytheWIPO.Unliketrademarks,geographicalindicationsdistinguishgoodsbymarkingtheirplaceofproduction,notbyidentifyingthesourceo
7、ftheirmanufacture.Themarkingoftheplaceofmanufactureorproductionistheessenceofgeographicalindications.Geographicalindicationsandtrademarksaredifferent,notoptional,andthegeographicalindicationscannotbereplaced.*generallyspeaking,geographicalindicationsarerecognizedinthecountri
8、eswheregeographicalindicationsarelocated.Thiscountryisoftenreferredtoas"the