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1、OntheRiseandFallofGreatBritain摘要英国，一个由四部分组成欧洲岛国，总面积约24万平方千米。国土资源有限，却能率先打开现代世界的大门，从地理上的边缘变成世界的中心。经过探索，首次进行资产阶级革命，实行君主立宪制；第一个进行工业革命并发明蒸汽机，推动人类历史的发展；并在十九世纪中期成为世界工厂；并被称为“日不落帝国”。然而，受第二次工业革命及两次世界大战的影响，英国日渐衰落，国际地位下降，由过去的“日不落帝国”到如今的二等发达国家。13关键词：工业革命；世界大战；衰落Abst
2、ractGreatBritainisaEuropeanislandconsistingoffourparts,whichtakesup240,000squarekilometers.Withthelimitedterritorialresources,sheshouldbethefirstonetowalkintothemodernworld,andrangedfromthegeographicaledgetothecenterofthewholeworld.Havingexperiencedmany
3、explorations,shewasactedassomanyprecursors:proceedingBourgeoisRevolution,creatingonesystemofgovernmentcalledConstitutionalMonarchy;inauguratingtheIndustrialRevolutionandinventingthefirststeamenginewhichwasanimportantroleinthepromotingthecivilizationdeve
4、lopment;beingknownas“theworkshopoftheworld”in19thcentury;winningthenameof“theSun-Never-SettingEmpire”.However,badlyinfluencedbythesecondIndustrialRevolutionandthetwoWorldWars,shedeclinedgradually,andlostherupperhandintheinternationalcompetition.Theprosp
5、erityoftheformerhasfadedawayandbecomethesecond-classeddevelopedcountrytoday.KeyWords:theIndustrialRevolution；WorldWar；Fall1.Introduction13GreatBritainisanislandoffthenorthwestoftheEuropeContinentandontheeastcoastofAtlanticOcean,whichissurroundedbysea.Wi
6、ththedeclineofthefeudalismandtheincreaseoftheinfluenceofthenew-bornbourgeoisie,shebeganhercapitalistdevelopment.Throughtheclosureandforeignplunder,expansionandaggression,shecompletedtheprimitiveaccumulationofcapital.AfterundergoingtheIndustrialRevolutio
7、n,shebecametheworkshopoftheworldandhadthelargestcolonies.Shehasasplendidhistory.Duringhundredsofyears,shehasexperiencedthegreatestgloryandrisentothefirstone,butalsofallaswellasdecline.Whatmadeherdeclinewerethegreatlossesduringthetwoworldwarsandtheindepe
8、ndencesofhercolonies.Becauseofmanyotherfactors,shestillcan’treturntowhatshewasbefore,andatpresent,shesteadilyranksasoneofthesecond-classeddevelopedcountry.2.TheRiseofGreatBritain2.1TheWeakeningofKing’sPowerIntheprocessofweakening
