安徽省阜阳第一中学2023-2024学年高二12月月考英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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安徽省阜阳第一中学2022级高二学期12月检测英语试卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherewasonceajeweler,knownformanyvirtues.Oneday,theJewishelderscametohimtobuysomediamondstodecoratepartofthedressoftheirhighpriest(神父，牧师),whichtheBiblecallsanephod.Theytoldhimwhattheywanted,andofferedhimafairpriceforthediamonds.Herepliedthathecouldnotletthemseethejewelsatthatmoment,andrequestedthemtocallagain.Astheywantedthemwithoutdelay,andthoughtthattheobjectofthejewelerwasonlytoincreasethepriceofthediamonds,theeldersofferedhimtwice,thenthreetimes,asmuchastheywereworth.Buthestillrefused,andtheywentawayangrily.Somehoursafter,hewenttothem,andplacedbeforethemthediamonds,forwhichtheyagainofferedhimthelastpricetheyhadnamed,buthesaid,“Iwillonlyacceptthefirstoneyouofferedtomethismorning.”“Why,then,didyounotclosewithusatonce?”askedtheyinsurprise.“Whenyoucame,”repliedhe,“myfatherhadthekeyofthebox,inwhichthediamondswerekept,andashewasasleep,Ishouldhavebeenobligedtowakehimtoobtainthem.Athisage,ashorthourofsleepdoeshimagreatdealofgood,andforallthegoldintheworld,Iwouldnotbewantinginrespecttomyfather,ortakefromhimasinglecomfort.”Theelders,affectedbythesefeelingwords,spreadtheirhandsuponthejeweler’shead,andsaid,“ThoushaltbeblessedofHimwhohassaid:Honorthyfatherandthymother,andthychildrenshallonedaypaytheethesamerespectandlovethouhastshowntothyfather.”1.Whydidnotthejewelergivetwoeldersthediamondsatfirst?A.HewantedahigherpriceB.Hehadtogethisfather’spermission.C.Hedidn’thavethemintheshopthen.D.Hedidn’thavethekeytothecontainer.2.Whattheunderlinedpartmightmean?A.Youwillgetasmanyhonorsasyouwant.B.Yourchildrenwilllivearichandrespectablelife.C.YouandyourfamilyareblessedbyGod.D.Yourfatherwilllivealongandhealthylife.3.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AdevotedsonB.Anhonestbusinessman C.AreasonablepriceD.Aluxuriousdress【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位珠宝商为了不打扰自己的父亲睡觉，而推迟做生意的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“myfatherhadthekeyofthebox,inwhichthediamondswerekept,andashewasasleep,Ishouldhavebeenobligedtowakehimtoobtainthem.(我父亲拿着放钻石的盒子的钥匙，因为他睡着了，我不得不叫醒他去取钻石)”可知，珠宝商一开始不把钻石给两位长老是因为他没有箱子的钥匙。故选D。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Oneday,theJewishelderscametohimtobuysomediamondstodecoratepartofthedressoftheirhighpriest(神父，牧师),whichtheBiblecallsanephod.(有一天，犹太长老来找他，想买一些钻石来装饰他们大祭司的衣服，圣经称之为以弗得)”以及划线词上文“Theelders,affectedbythesefeelingwords”可知，这些牧师长老们被这些充满感情的话感动了，所以是祝福珠宝商和他的家人了。由此可知，划线部分意思是“你和你的家人受到上帝的祝福”。故选C。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Theelders,affectedbythesefeelingwords,spreadtheirhandsuponthejeweler’shead,andsaid,“ThoushaltbeblessedofHimwhohassaid:Honorthyfatherandthymother,andthychildrenshallonedaypaytheethesamerespectandlovethouhastshowntothyfather.”(长老们被这些充满感情的话感动了，他们把手放在珠宝商的头上，说：“你将受到上帝的祝福，上帝说：‘孝敬你的父母，你的孩子终有一天会像你孝敬你的父亲一样孝敬你。’”)”可知，文章主要讲述了一位珠宝商为了不打扰自己的父亲睡觉，而推迟做生意的故事。由此可知，A选项“孝顺的儿子”最符合文章标题。故选A。BHealthofficialsinCanadaareverybusythesedays.TheyareplacingchickensatfixedpointsallalongtheirborderwiththeUnitedStatesofAmerica.That’sanenormousdistanceof2,500km.It’snotapracticaljoke,norhavetheCanadiansgonemad.TheyareusingthesechickenstoseeifthedeadlyWestNilevirusislurkingaround.Thevirusinfectsbirds,sotheythinkthatthechickenshaveagoodchanceofcatchingthevirus.Ortheviruswillcatchthechickens.Countriesaroundtheworldarerealizingsomethingimportant.Thatitmayjustbepossibletostopcertainkindsofpeoplefromenteringtheirland,butitisverydifficulttotryandstopvirusesthattravelfromoneendof theearthtoanother.Whentheytraveltonewplaces,theyadjustveryeasilytothoseclimatesandsometimesstartdestroyingthelocalplantandanimallife.Thesebiologicalpollutersarecalledsmartpolluters.Thesesmartpolluterscanbecarriedacrossbordersofcountriesunknowingly.Justaswehumansaretravellingacrosstheglobemoreoftenthanearlier,thesebiologicalpollutershavealsostartedjourneyingmuchmore.Theyslideintoaircraftthroughtheirwheels.Theyboretheirwayintoobjectsthatairtravelersmaybecarryingfromonecountrytoanother.Suddenly,alotofthingsbecomeclearer.Likewhythecustomsofficialsinmanyforeigncountriespreventyoufrombringinginasmallplant,oradecorativeitemmadeofwoodthatisinitsnaturalform…Theytellyouthatit’sintherules.Theyhavetheserulesbecausetheyknowthatthesevarietiesofplantsthatarespecialtospecificplaceshavethepowertospreadnewdiseasesamongnativeplantsandanimals.Theyarecalledbiologicalpollutersandtheyalwayscreateproblemsinplaceswheretheydonotbelong.Theycouldbespecialvarietiesofplants,bugsorevenanimals.4.WhydidtheauthortalkaboutwhatCanadianofficials’aredoing?A.TointroduceasuccessfulcaseB.Toarousereaders’curiosityC.TodescribeaphenomenonD.Tointroducethetopic5.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbecalledsmartpolluters?A.TigermosquitoesfromAsiaarebusybitingAmericans.B.PandasfromChinaarewiningmillionsofAmerican’shearts.C.ThesmalllobstersfromMexicoaretakingovermostoflakesinAmerica.D.TreesnakesfromNewGuineaarebusyeatingupbirdvarietiesinthecountryofGuam.6.Whatmightbethemainreasonformoreandmoresmartpolluters?A.Alotofprofitcanbemadefromintroducingforeignspecies.B.Peoplewanttoaddmorespeciestotheirsurroundings.C.Peoplenowadaystraveloverseasmorefrequently.D.Therearemoredomesticflightsthanbefore.7.What’sthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A.ToconvinceB.TowarnC.ToinformD.Toentertain【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关生物污染者的概况。 【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’snotapracticaljoke,norhavetheCanadiansgonemad.TheyareusingthesechickenstoseeifthedeadlyWestNilevirusislurkingaround.(这不是恶作剧，加拿大人也没有发疯。他们正在用这些鸡来观察致命的西尼罗河病毒是否潜伏在周围。)”和第三段“Countriesaroundtheworldarerealizingsomethingimportant. Thatitmayjustbepossibletostopcertainkindsofpeoplefromenteringtheirland,butitisverydifficulttotryandstopvirusesthattravelfromoneendoftheearthtoanother. (世界各国正在意识到一些重要的事情。阻止某些类型的人进入他们的土地是可能的，但试图阻止病毒从地球的一端传播到另一端是非常困难的。)”可知，在提到加拿大人做的事情以后作者开始引入文章话题：生物污染，所以作者谈论加拿大官员正在做什么是为了引入话题。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Whentheytraveltonewplaces,theyadjustveryeasilytothoseclimatesandsometimesstartdestroyingthelocalplantandanimallife.Thesebiologicalpollutersarecalledsmartpolluters.(当它们旅行到一个新的地方时，它们很容易适应那里的气候，有时会开始破坏当地的动植物。这些生物污染者被称为聪明污染者。)”可知，聪明的污染者是指对当地动植物造成破坏的生物污染者，所以B项“来自中国的熊猫赢得了数百万美国人的心。”不能被成为聪明的污染者。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Justaswehumansaretravellingacrosstheglobemoreoftenthanearlier,thesebiologicalpollutershavealsostartedjourneyingmuchmore.Theyslideintoaircraftthroughtheirwheels.Theyboretheirwayintoobjectsthatairtravelersmaybecarryingfromonecountrytoanother.(就像我们人类比以前更频繁地在全球旅行一样，这些生物污染者也开始更多地旅行。它们通过轮子滑入飞机。它们钻进了航空旅客从一个国家带到另一个国家的物品中。)”可知，越来越多聪明的污染者出现的主要原因是现在人们出国旅游更频繁了。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。分析全文内容，再根据文章最后一段“Theyarecalledbiologicalpollutersandtheyalwayscreateproblemsinplaceswheretheydonotbelong.Theycouldbespecialvarietiesofplants,bugsorevenanimals.(它们被称为生物污染者，它们总是在不属于它们的地方制造问题。它们可能是特殊品种的植物、昆虫甚至动物。)”可知，文章主要介绍了有关生物污染者的概况，所以写这篇文章的目的是为了告知读者有关生物污染者的一些情况。故选C项。COnGrytvikenislandintheSouthAtlanticOceanliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneofthemostremotemuseumsintheworld. SouthGeorgiaMuseumislocatedintheisland’soldwhalingstation.Whaling,orthehuntingofwhalesfortheirusablenaturalproducts,suchasmeatandoil,ceasedtherein1964.Thebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseumonceservedasthewhalingmanager’shomeandofficeandwentunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothepublicasamuseumin1992.TherearenopassengerflightstoorfromGrytviken,sothemajorityofvisitorsarriveonaship.Theislanditselfonlyseesabout10,000visitorsayearandtherearenopermanentresidents,onlyagroupof20scientists,maintenancestaff,andmuseumworkerswhobravetheisland’scoldweatherconditions.Travelingtothemuseumrequiresadvanceplanning.SouthGeorgiaMuseumstaffalltraveltotheislandfromabroadforthesouthernhemisphere(半球)spring,ormid-October,andmostcomefromtheUnitedKingdom,around8,000milesnorth.Themuseum,whichoffersfreeadmission,“aimstomakethishistoryandheritageaccessiblebothtothevisitingpublicandtothoseunabletovisitthisremoteregionthrougheducation,exhibitionsandoutreach”.accordingtoitswebsite.Ithousesanaturalhistorycollection,artifacts,exhibitionsrelatedtotheearlyhistoryofsealingandwhalingaswellasAntarcticexplorer,SirErnestShackleton,andmore.Themuseumroomsarenamedafterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthorconservationoftheislandinsomeway.ThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsOctoberthroughDecember,butsill,daytimehighsdon’toftenreachabove40degreesFahrenheit.Forthosewhoworkthere,Internetaccessispatchyandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.It’snotaplaceforeveryone,butforthestaffthatcallsithomeforpartsoftheyear,it’sauniqueformofparadise.“Steppingawayfromtheworldhasbeenatreat,”saidPierce,oneofthestaff.8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSouthGeorgiaMuseum?A.Itisaccessibletovisitorsbyair.B.Ithas20maintenanceworkers.C.Itopenedtothepublicin1964.D.Itusedtobeawhalingstation.9.Whoaretheroomsofthemuseumnamedafter?A.Managersofthewhalingstation.B.AdventurersexploringtheAntarctic.C.Thosewhomadecontributionstotheisland.D.Individualswhoconservedwhalesfromextinction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“patchy”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Poor.B.Easy.C.Free.D.Quick.11Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwefindthistext?AAnimals.B.People.C.Travel.D.News. 【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍位于南大西洋的格里特维肯岛上的南乔治亚博物馆。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseumonceservedasthewhalingmanager’shomeandofficeandwentunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothepublicasamuseumin1992.(现在博物馆所在的建筑曾经是捕鲸经理的家和办公室，在1992年作为博物馆向公众开放之前，它已经闲置了20多年。)”可知，南乔治亚博物馆曾经是一个捕鲸站。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Themuseumroomsarenamedafterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthorconservationoftheislandinsomeway.(博物馆的房间以在某种程度上对该岛的发展或保护做出贡献的个人命名。)”可知，博物馆的房间是以对该岛的发展或保护做出贡献的个人命名的。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Forthosewhoworkthere,Internetaccessispatchyandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.(对于那些在那里工作的人来说，互联网接入patchy，新鲜食物的选择也很少。)”可知，这句话描述的是在那里工作的条件很苦，所以patchy的意思应该是“不好的，糟糕的”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnGrytvikenislandintheSouthAtlanticOceanliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneofthemostremotemuseumsintheworld.(南乔治亚博物馆位于南大西洋的格里特维肯岛上，是世界上最偏远的博物馆之一。)”和最后一段“ThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsOctoberthroughDecember,butsill,daytimehighsdon’toftenreachabove40degreesFahrenheit.(10月至12月的气温对游客来说是理想的，但白天的气温通常不会超过40华氏度。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍位于南大西洋的格里特维肯岛上的南乔治亚博物馆，所以应该是选自于旅游栏一部分。故选C。DAlmostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.Forsomepenguinparents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps”totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleepsappeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks. NielsRattenborgisasleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiologicalIntelligenceinGermany.Hehelpedwritethenewstudy.Hesaidthesepenguinsblink“theireyesopenandshut,andtheydoit24/7forseveralweeksatatime.What’ssurprisingisthatthey’reabletofunctionokayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung”.ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Aswithmanyotherkindsofpenguins,matedpairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdonotfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthepenguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocksfromnests.So,penguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguinsinanAntarcticmatingcolony.Theydidthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.WonYoungLeeisabiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute.Hethoughtoftheideaforthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinkingtheireyesandpossiblysleepingduringhislongdaysoffieldobservations.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctions,”hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.Theresearchersdidnotcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthatthepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.12.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Penguinskeepawakeforweekswhenhavingchicks.B.Penguinsmusthaveatleast11hours’sleepeveryday.C.Penguinsdon’thaveenoughsleepbecauseofantarcticclimate.D.Penguinscanonlysleepveryshortforthesakeoftheirchicks’safety.13.WhatNielsdidnotexpectabouttheChinstrappenguins?A.Theykeeptheireyesopenwhentheyaresleeping.B.Theshortbutrepetitivesleephabitoftheirsworkswell.C.Itdoesnoharmtothemwhentheykeepawakeforweeks.D.Theycanfunctionwelleveniftheydon’thaveenoughsleep.14.Howdidtheseresearchersgettheirfindings?A.Theypaired,comparedandcollected.B.Theyfollowed,observedandrecorded. C.Theyattacheddevice,filmedandanalyzed.D.Theyread,researchedandconcluded.15.What’sthelimitoftheirstudy?A.Theydidn’tfollowthemalltheyearround.B.Theirstudydidn’tincludeotherspeciesofpenguins.C.Thenumberofthepenguinstheystudiedwasnotbigenough.D.Theirequipmentwasnotadvancedandtheirdatawasnotaccurate.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次。文章介绍了这次关于帽带企鹅睡眠时间短，来保护小企鹅的研究过程、方式以及存在的局限性。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.(研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保护它们的蛋和新生的企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次)”结合文章介绍了这次关于帽带企鹅睡眠时间短，来保护小企鹅的研究过程、方式以及存在的局限性。可知，这篇文章的主旨是为了小企鹅的安全，企鹅只能睡得很短。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Hesaidthesepenguinsblink“theireyesopenandshut,andtheydoit24/7forseveralweeksatatime.What’ssurprisingisthatthey’reabletofunctionokayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung”.(他说，这些企鹅眨着眼睛，“它们的眼睛开了又闭，它们每天24小时不停这么做，一次持续好几个星期。”令人惊讶的是，它们能够正常运作，并成功地抚养后代。”)”可知，尼尔斯没有想到帽带企鹅短暂但重复的睡眠习惯效果很好。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguinsinanAntarcticmatingcolony.(科学家们第一次在南极的一个交配区追踪了帽带企鹅的睡眠行为)”；“Theycollecteddataon14adultsover11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.(他们在南极洲海岸外的乔治王岛上，用11天的时间收集了14名成年企鹅的数据)”以及倒数第三段“Hethoughtoftheideaforthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinkingtheireyesandpossiblysleepingduringhislongdaysoffieldobservations.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.( 当他在漫长的野外观察中看到交配的企鹅经常眨眼，可能还在睡觉时，他想到了这个研究的想法。但研究小组需要记录脑电波来确认这些动物是否在睡觉)”可知，这些研究人员通过跟踪、观察和记录来得到他们的发现。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一短“Theresearchersdidnotcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthatthepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.(研究人员没有收集交配季节以外的睡眠数据。但他们怀疑企鹅在一年中的其他时间可能会睡得更久)”可知，研究的局限是他们并不是一年到头都跟着他们。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Simple&EffectiveWaystoStopProcrastinatingDoyouhaveahardtimestayingontask?Doyouconstantlyleavethingsonyourto-dolisttillthelastminute?Ifso,you’relikelyprocrastinating.___16___.Nomatterwhyyoumaybeprocrastinating,herearesometipsandtrickstohelpyouovercomeprocrastinationandstaymotivated.___17___.Makearecordofallthetasksyouneedtoaccomplish.Includeshort-termtasksyouneedtofinishdailyandweeklyandlong-termgoalsthatmaytakemonthsoryearstoaccomplish.Seeingeverythingwrittendowncanhelpyouplanoutwhatneedstobedonetomeetyourgoals.Tackleyourmostimportanttaskfor15minutes.Setatimerandworkonataskforadesignatedamountoftime.Insteadofthinkingaboutthetotalnumberofhoursyou’reabouttoworkfor,juststart.Tellyourselfyou’veonlygottodoitfor15minutes.___18___,andyou’lllikelyspendmuchlongerthan15minutesonyourtaskbeforeyoustopworkingagain.Startyourdaywiththehardesttasks.Makeaplaninthemorningandpickthehardesttaskfirst.You’llbemostenergizedinthemorningonceyou’veeatenbreakfastandwokenupfully.___19___.You’llfeelbetteronceit’sdone,andthenyoucanmoveontoafeweasiertasksfortherestoftheday.Stoppunishingyourselfforprocrastinating.___20___.Doyourbesttoavoidgettingangrywithyourself.Guiltandregretaredrainingemotionsandcaneasilyleaveyoufeelingtiredandfrustratedratherthanmotivated.A.Writeato-dolisttosetgoalsB.Prioritizegoalswithsetdeadlines. C.ThiswilldealwithyourinnerfearD.TacklethehardestthingonyourlistrightthenE.Procrastinationcanarisefromstress,frustration,orperfectionismF.Themorestressedyouare,theharderit’llbetogetyourworkdoneG.Inpsychology,ithaslongbeenbelievedthatpeoplewhoprocrastinatehaveafaultysenseoftime【答案】16E17.A18.C19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就克服拖延症给出了一些建议和技巧。【16题详解】根据上文“Doyouhaveahardtimestayingontask?Doyouconstantlyleavethingsonyourto-dolisttillthelastminute?Ifso,you’relikelyprocrastinating.(你是否很难集中精力完成任务？你是否经常把待办事项清单上的事情留到最后一刻？如果是这样，你很可能是在拖延)”以及后文“Nomatterwhyyoumaybeprocrastinating,herearesometipsandtrickstohelpyouovercomeprocrastinationandstaymotivated.(不管你为什么会拖延，这里有一些建议和技巧可以帮助你克服拖延症，保持动力)”可知，上文列举了拖延的症状，后文给出克服拖延症的方法，可知本句是在说明导致拖延症的原因。故E选项“拖延症可能源于压力、挫折或完美主义”符合语境，故选E。17题详解】根据本段内容“Makearecordofallthetasksyouneedtoaccomplish.Includeshort-termtasksyouneedtofinishdailyandweeklyandlong-termgoalsthatmaytakemonthsoryearstoaccomplish.Seeingeverythingwrittendowncanhelpyouplanoutwhatneedstobedonetomeetyourgoals.(把你需要完成的所有任务都记录下来。包括你每天和每周需要完成的短期任务，以及可能需要数月或数年才能完成的长期目标。看到每件事都写下来可以帮助你计划需要做什么来实现你的目标)”可知，本段建议把需要完成的任务都记录下来从而帮助设定目标，换言之，建议写待办事项清单。故A选项“写一张待办事项清单来设定目标”可以作为本段小标题，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Tellyourselfyou’veonlygottodoitfor15minutes.(告诉自己你只需要做15分钟)”提到告诉自己你只需要做15分钟，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因和好处。故C选项“这将处理你内心的恐惧”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Makeaplaninthemorningandpickthehardesttaskfirst.You’llbemostenergizedinthemorningonceyou’veeatenbreakfastandwokenupfully.( 早上做个计划，先挑最难的任务。当你吃完早餐并完全醒来时，你会在早上最有活力)”可知，早上起来应先处理最难的事情。故D选项“马上处理清单上最难的事情”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据标题“Stoppunishingyourselfforprocrastinating.(不要因为拖延而惩罚自己)”以及后文“Doyourbesttoavoidgettingangrywithyourself.Guiltandregretaredrainingemotionsandcaneasilyleaveyoufeelingtiredandfrustratedratherthanmotivated.(尽量避免生自己的气。内疚和后悔会耗尽你的情绪，很容易让你感到疲倦和沮丧，而不是动力十足)”可知，本段建议不要因为拖延而惩罚自己，指出内疚和后悔会耗尽你的情绪，很容易让你感到疲倦和沮丧，故可知负面情况会导致压力，让完成工作变得困难。故F选项“你的压力越大，完成工作就越困难”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。When19-year-oldEmilyBhatnagarfromMaryland,USA,foundoutherfatherhadstagefourthyroidcancer,her___21___wasalittledifferentthanyoumightexpect.To___22___herfather,whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend,shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup,___23___booksforkidswithcancer.“Itwasverymuchanovernightidea,”sheexplains.“I___24___amessageonanappcalledNextdooraskingmyneighboursfor___25___bookdonations.Iwasonlyexpectingafewhereandthere,buttheresponsewastrulyincredibleanditwasjustthe___26___Ineededtoco-existwithmygriefratherthanlettingit___27___me.”“Itwas___28___heartbreakingtowatchmydadgothroughcancerandseehim___29___alittlebitofhimselfeachday,butthebookdriveallowedmetodevelopanewfoundsenseof____30____mixedwithanevengreatersenseofcompassiontohelpothersinanyform.Iwantedtohelpkids.They’vealwaysheldasoftspotinmyheart.”Using____31____sheearnsfromworkingatherparents’breadshop,Emilyhasboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket.____32____,shereceivesdonationsthroughherAmazonwishlist.Emilyandherolderbrotherspentawholesummerdrivingaroundtown,____33____boxesofbooksintotheircar.“Itwassuchaprivilegeknowingpeoplehavecarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations,andtheywantedtogiftittomy____34____.”Theprojecthasseenhugesuccess,withForLoveandButtercupdonatingover15,000booksandwon____35____fromTheThePresident’sVolunteerServiceAward.21.A.voiceB.expressionC.responseD.performance 22.A.honourB.cureC.comfortD.please23.A.buyingB.collectingC.writingD.selling24.A.postedB.textedC.sharedD.spread25.A.newB.usedC.interestingD.classic26.A.favorB.trialC.pushD.appeal27.A.resistB.inspireC.rewardD.consume28.A.barelyB.slightlyC.frequentlyD.absolutely29.A.loseB.recoverC.forgetD.overcome30A.crisisB.purposeC.anxietyD.achievement31.A.reputationsB.creditsC.tipsD.sweats32.A.InadditionB.OnthecontraryC.BycontrastD.Asaresult33.A.integratingB.throwingC.removingD.loading34.A.donationB.causeC.libraryD.collection35.A.preferenceB.attentionC.approvalD.recognition【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.D29.A30.B31.C32.A33.D34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了19岁的EmilyBhatnagar发现父亲患癌症四期后，发起了一项名为“ForLoveandButtercup”的图书募捐活动，为患有癌症的孩子捐书，用这种方式来向父亲表示尊敬。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当来自美国马里兰州的19岁的EmilyBhatnagar发现她的父亲患有甲状腺癌四期时，她的反应与你想象的有点不同。A.voice声音；B.expression表达；C.response反应；D.performance表现。根据下文中的“shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup”可知，当她得知父亲患癌后，她的反应是发起图书募捐活动，和普通人想象的反应不同。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了向她的父亲——她还称父亲是她最好的朋友——表示敬意，她决定发起一项名为“ForLoveandButtercup”的图书募捐活动，为癌症儿童收集书籍。A.honour尊敬；B.cure治愈；C.comfort安慰；D.please使高兴。根据句中的“whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend”可知，她认为父亲是她最好的朋友，所以此处说的是表达对父亲的尊敬。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.buying购买；B.collecting收集；C.writing写；D.selling 销售。根据句中的“shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup”可知，她发起了一项图书募捐活动，再结合下文讲的图书收集过程可知，此处指的是该活动为患有癌症的孩子收集书籍。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一个名为Nextdoor的应用程序上发布了一条消息，向我的邻居索要旧书捐赠。A.posted发布；B.texted发短信；C.shared分享；D.spread传播。根据空后的“amessageonanappcalledNextdoor”可知，她是在应用程序上发布消息。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.new新的；B.used旧的；C.interesting有趣的；D.classic经典的。根据空后的“bookdonations”、下文中的“Itwassuchaprivilegeknowingpeoplehavecarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations”并结合常识可知，她请求人们将旧的图书捐出来。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只期待着四处的一些捐赠，但人们的反应真的令人难以置信，这正是我需要的鼓励，让我与悲伤共存，而不是让悲伤吞噬我。A.favor帮助；B.trial试验；C.push鼓励；D.appeal吸引力。根据句中的“toco-existwithmygrief”可知，人们积极捐书的反应给了她所需的鼓励，让她能够与悲伤共存。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.resist反抗；B.inspire激励；C.reward奖励；D.consume(某种情绪或念头)充满……的内心。ratherthan前后表示转折，根据前面的“toco-existwithmygrief”可知，这帮助作者和悲伤共存，而不是让悲伤吞噬自己。故选D。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：看着我的父亲遭受癌症的折磨，看到他每天一点点失去自我，这绝对是令人心碎的，但这项图书募捐活动让我培养了一种新的目标感，其中掺杂了一种以任何形式帮助他人的更强的同情心。A.barely仅仅；B.slightly稍微地；C.frequently频繁地；D.absolutely绝对地。根据空后的“heartbreakingtowatchmydadgothroughcancerandseehim___9___alittlebitofhimselfeachday”可知，看到父亲的遭遇，她感到非常心碎。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.lose失去；B.recover恢复健康；C.forget忘记；D.overcome克服。根据空后的“alittlebitofhimselfeachday”并结合常识可知，父亲患有癌症，每天都离死亡更进一步，所以是一点一点地失去他。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考第8题。A.crisis危机；B.purpose目标；C.anxiety焦虑；D.achievement 成就。根据上文中的“theresponsewastrulyincredibleanditwasjustthe___6___Ineededtoco-existwithmygriefratherthanlettingit___7___me”可知，这项图书募捐活动给了她鼓励，让她能够和悲伤共存，由此可知，这件事让她有了目标感。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Emily用在父母面包店工作赚来的小费，自掏腰包买了很多书。A.reputations名誉；B.credits借款；C.tips小费；D.sweats运动服。根据空后的“sheearnsfromworkingatherparents’breadshop”可知，她在父母的面包店打工赚取了小费。故选C。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，她还通过亚马逊的愿望清单接受捐赠。A.Inaddition此外；B.Onthecontrary恰恰相反；C.Bycontrast相比之下；D.Asaresult结果。前文“Emilyhasboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket”说她自掏腰包买书，后文“shereceivesdonationsthroughherAmazonwishlist”说她还从亚马逊的愿望清单接受捐赠，这里是对前面的补充说明，应用Inaddition。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emily和她的哥哥花了一整个夏天的时间开车在城里转，把一箱箱的书装进他们的车里。A.integrating合并；B.throwing扔；C.removing去掉；D.loading装入。根据空后的“boxesofbooksintotheircar”可知，他们将收集的书装进车里。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸知道人们一代代地终生携带着这些书，而且他们想把它献给我的事业。A.donation捐赠；B.cause事业；C.library图书馆；D.collection收集。根据上文中的“shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup”可知，这项图书募捐活动是她为之努力的事业。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目取得了巨大成功，“ForLoveandButtercup”捐赠了15000多本书，并获得了总统志愿者服务奖的认可。A.preference偏爱；B.attention注意；C.approval成；D.recognition认可。根据空后的“fromTheThePresident’sVolunteerServiceAward”可知，她获得了总统志愿者服务奖，也就是她获得了这项奖的认可。故选D。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Named___36___theancientcityofChang’aninShaanxiprovince,whichservedasthecapitaloftheTangDynastyforover280years,theepicfilmlasts168minutes—thelongestruntimeofanyChineseanimatedmovie—andbringstolifesomeofthemosticonicfiguresinChineseliteraryhistory.SinceitsreleaseonJuly8,themoviehasearned___37___ratingof8.2outoftenonDouban,solidifyingitspositionasoneofthemost acclaimedanimatedblockbusters(大片)ofthesummerseason.DespiteLiandDu___38___(feature)inmanymoviesandTVshows,themovieemploysanunconventionalperspective,startingwiththememoriesofGaoShi___39___(relate)theupsanddownsofLi’slife,oneofthecountry’smostbelovedpoets.Interweaving(交错编织)thepersonalfatesofthesefigures,thefilmvividlypresentsthemagnificentscenesoftheTangDynasty.ItshowcasesthebustlingstreetsofancientChang’an,theenergeticand___40___(prosper)cityofYangzhou,aswellastheharshand___41___(snow)borderlandsinnorthwesternChina.Themoviealsobeautifully___42___(capture)thefree-spiritednatureoftheTangDynasty.Forinstance,inthenationalcivilserviceexamination,thehighestachieversaregiventheprivilegetoridemagnificenthorsesandpickthemostbeautifulflowerfromanyresidenceinthecapitalcity.___43___(addition),poetswouldvisitlocaltaverns(酒馆),___44___theywouldenjoyforeigndancers’fascinatingmovementsandmelodioussinging,____45____tastingwineandcraftingversesofpoetry.【答案】36.after37.a38.beingfeatured39.torelate40.prosperous41.snowy42.captures43.Additionally44.where45.while##when【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一部以唐朝为背景的动画电影。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：这部史诗电影以陕西省长安古城命名，长安是唐朝280多年的首都；这部电影时长168分钟，是中国动画电影中时长最长的一部，让中国文学史上一些最具标志性的人物栩栩如生。name...after...意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。故填after。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：自7月8日上映以来，这部电影在豆瓣上获得了8.2的评分（满分10分），巩固了其作为夏季最受好评的动画大片之一的地位。这里表示泛指，且rating的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管李和杜出现在许多电影和电视节目中，但这部电影采用了一种非传统的视角，从高适的回忆开始，讲述了李作为中国最受欢迎的诗人之一的人生起伏。Despite为介词，其后跟动词的动名词形式作宾语。动词feature和LiandDu之间是动宾关系，所以应用动名词的被动式。故填beingfeatured。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。这里表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填torelate。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：它展示了古长安熙熙攘攘的街道，充满活力和繁荣的扬州，以及中国西北部严酷而白雪皑皑的边疆。空处应用形容词，和and前的energetic一起作定语，修饰city。prosperous意为“繁荣的”。故填prosperous。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意参考上题。空处应用形容词，和and前的harsh一起作定语，修饰borderlands。snowy意为“积雪覆盖的”。故填snowy。【42题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这部电影也很好地捕捉到了唐朝自由奔放的本质。根据句意和上下文时态，这里是对这部电影的评价，应用一般现在时。主语为Themovie，谓语应用单数。故填captures。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，诗人们还会去当地的小酒馆，在那里他们可以欣赏外国舞者迷人的舞姿和优美的歌声，同时品尝葡萄酒和创作诗歌。空处应用副词，修饰整个句子。additionally意为“此外”。故填Additionally。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词localtaverns，且在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查状语从句。句意参考第8题。分析句子结构，空处引导的是一个时间状语从句，且从句中省略了主语和be动词。根据句意可知，这里表示在欣赏外国舞者舞姿和歌声的同时品尝葡萄酒和创作诗歌，应用while或when引导。故填while/when。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，作为交换生在美国一所中学学习。在入学报到当天得到了学校志愿者Jones的帮助。请根据以下要点，写一封感谢信。内容如下：1.表达感谢; 2.描述至少两个帮助的细节;3.请Jones看电影作为答谢。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJones,Howiseverythinggoing?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearJones，Howiseverythinggoing?It’sbeenawhilesinceIstartedmyacademiclifehereasanexchangestudent,butI’mstillingreatappreciationofwhatyouhavedoneformeontheveryfirstdayofmyenrollment.Asafreshmaninatotallyalienenvironment,Ihadtocarryluggageloadedwithbeddingstuffaswellasabagfullofdailysupplies.Thencameyourtimelyassistance,whichsavedmealotofenergy.What’smore,onthewaytothedormitory,butforyouraccurateguidanceandpreciseintroductiontodifferentareasaround,Iwouldhavealreadybeenlostinsuchavastcampus.Again,I’dliketoextendmyheartfeltgratitudeforyourvolunteerwork,anddesiretotreatyoutoamovie.Hopetoreceiveyourreplysoon.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。作为交换生在美国一所中学学习。在入学报到当天得到了学校志愿者Jones的帮助。要求考生给Jones写一封感谢信。【详解】1.词汇积累感激：appreciation→gratitude此外：what’smore→besides精准的：precise→accurate 希望：expect→hope2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asafreshmaninatotallyalienenvironment,Ihadtocarryluggageloadedwithbeddingstuffaswellasabagfullofdailysupplies.拓展句：Asafreshmaninatotallyalienenvironment,Ihadtocarryluggagewhichwasloadedwithbeddingstuffaswellasabagfullofdailysupplies.【点睛】【高分句型1】It’sbeenawhilesinceIstartedmyacademiclifehereasanexchangestudent,butI’mstillingreatappreciationofwhatyouhavedoneformeontheveryfirstdayofmyenrollment.（运用了what引导宾语从句）【高分句型2】Thencameyourtimelyassistance,whichsavedmealotofenergy.（运用了which引导的定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Istayedmostlyathomerecoveringfrommajorsurgeryforbreastcancer.ThenmyTodayshowcolleagueMattthrewmealifelinebyaskingwhetherIfeltwellenoughtotapea“WhereintheWorld?”segment(节目).HesuggestedkindlythatIpickacoupleofdaysandescape.Onsecondthought,Ijumpedatthechance.Thetripwasfun,andontheplanebackhome,myplanwastosleepfortheentireflight.Theearbudswereaninchawayfromgoinginwhentheguybesideturnedtomeandsaid,“Hi.Howareyoudoing?Irecognizeyoufromsomewhere.”“IworkontheTodayshow,”Itoldhim,stillholdingmyearbuds.Hesmiledatme.“How’sMatt?IsMattnice?”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Matt’snice.”“How’sAl?Alseemsfunny.”HethennoticedIwaswearingacompressionsleeve(压力袖套)onmyarmandaskedwhatthatwas.ItoldhimI’dhada“procedure”andneededthesleevetofly,hopingwecouldchangethesubject.Buthecontinued,“Whatproceduredidyouhave?”“Ihadanoperation,”Isaidvaguely.Defeatedbyhiscuriosity,Ifinallysaid,“Ihadbreastcancer.But,Ihopethat’snotthefirstthingyouthinkofwhengettingoffthisflight,tellingyourkids,‘Hey,Isatnexttothisgirlwithbreastcancer.’”Hepausedforamomentandsaid,“What’swrongwiththat?Itispartofyou,likegoingtocollegeorgetting married.Letmegiveyousomeadvice:Don’thog(独占)yourjourney.It’snotjustforyou.Thinkofhowmanypeopleyoucouldhelp.”Icouldfeeltearscomingdownmyface.“Look!Youhaveachoiceinlife.Youcaneitherputyourstorydeepinyourpocketsandtakeittoyourgrave,oryoucanhelpsomeone.”Despitebeingopenonashow,I’vealwaysbeenaprivateperson,andasidefromthefewpeoplewhoneededtoknow,I’dkeptmyillnesssecret.Ididn’twanttobedefinedbymyweakness.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Butthisman,Ken,showedmethatmyillnessgavemestrength.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yearslater,awardedformyvolunteerworkatacharityevent,ImetKenagain.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Butthisman,Ken,showedmethatmyillnessgavemestrength.NotuntilthendidIwakeuptothemessagethatitgavemetheabilitytolightensomeoneelse’sload.Myeyesglitteringwithexcitement,IdecidedIwasgoingtosharemystorypublicly.Beforelong,ItalkedaboutmyillnessandtheconversationwithKenonair.Floodsoflettersrushedin,mostlypouringthewriters’heartsoutorofferingtolendahand.Togetherwithsomevolunteers,Ieventuallyfoundedanon-profitorganization,targetingpeopletrappedinsimilarcases,inthehopeofreignitingtheirpassionforlife.Yearslater,awardedformyvolunteerworkatacharityevent,ImetKenagain.Neverhadwemetaftertheencounterontheflight,butanaudienceofToday,whohappenedtobeKen’sbestfriend,woundupcontactingmeandmentioningKen’sstrugglinglifewithprostatecancer.Amazedathispositiveattitudetowardslife,Iwasmoreimpressedwithhowpowerfulhiswordsanddeedshadinfluencedsolargeacrowd.KenwassitingtheregrinningasIsaid,“He’stouchedalotofpeople’slives.Heobviouslytouchedastrangerlikeme!Andit’salways bettertoshareandhealthantotrytohideaway.”【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者做了乳腺癌的大手术，但是还是想办法录《世界上哪里》节目。在飞机上一个陌生人追问作者胳膊上为什么有压力袖套，作者告诉了他，但是作者一直不愿别人知道自己的隐私。陌生人却从帮助人的角度劝解作者。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段句首内容“但这个叫肯的人向我展示了我的疾病给了我力量。”可知，第一段可以描写作者听到肯的话后的心理活动和表情，作者的行动和对其他人的影响。②由第二段句首内容“几年后，由于我在一次慈善活动中的志愿工作而获奖，我再次见到了肯。”可知，第二段可以描写作者见到肯时时的心理活动，最后升华文章的主旨：分享和治愈总是比试图隐藏更好。2.续写线索：采纳建议—分享—影响他人—再见面—得知真相—感动—感悟3.词汇激活行为类①减轻：lighten/reduce/ease②决定：decide/determine/resolve③冲进：rushin/burstin情绪类①吃惊的：amazed/surprised/astonished②激动得闪闪发光：glitterwithexcitement/sparkwithexcitement【点睛】【高分句型1】Floodsoflettersrushedin,mostlypouringthewriters’heartsoutorofferingtolendahand.(运用了现在分词pouring作伴随状语)【高分句型2】Ieventuallyfoundedanon-profitorganization,targetingpeopletrappedinsimilarcases,inthehopeofreignitingtheirpassionforlife.(运用了现在分词targeting作定语)【高分句型3】Neverhadwemetaftertheencounterontheflight,butanaudienceofToday,whohappenedtobeKen’sbestfriend,woundupcontactingmeandmentioningKen’sstrugglinglifewithprostatecancer.(运用了who引导的定语从句)