浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2023学年高三第二学期浙江七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校考英语试题考生须知：1.本试题卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号。3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthemanphoningthewoman?A.Toaskheroutfordinner.B.Totellherhewillbelate.C.Toinformherofanaccident.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mjustphoningtosayI’llbelatehome.Lookslikethere’sbeenanaccidentonthehighway.W:OK.I’llsaveyousomedinner.Justbesafe.It’sverycoldsotheroadsmustbeslippery(滑的).2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanlikehistoastwith?A.Muchbutter.B.Lessbutter.C.Nothingonit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iknewyouwereworkinghardandhadn’teatenmuch,soImadeyousometoastwithbutter.M:Thankyou.Ilikehowyouputitonthick.Dadspreadsitfartoothin.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Whatisthemangoingtobuyforhisfather?A.Anewdigitalcamera.B.Anantiquedesk.C.Anoldfilmcamera.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtogetmydadacameraforhisbirthday,buthe’sold-fashioned.Doyoustillgetfilmcamerasinsteadofdigitalones?W:Notinmostshops,butifyoutryanantiquestore,theymighthaveanoldone.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howfastdidthemandriveonthestraightaway?A.180km/h.B.200km/h.C.220km/h.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Rossi,whatanimpressivemotorcyclerace!Youwereflyingaroundthetrack-youhit180km/haroundtheturns.M:Thankyou.Yes,IbelieveIdroveoverthatspeedbyalmost20km/honthestraightaway.W:You’reright—anewtrackrecord!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howisthemanfeeling?A.Sad.B.Awkward.C.Proud.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’vedonesomuchtorepresentourcountry,QueenElizabeth.W:We’veseenyourworkwithsickandneedychildren.Wewanttocongratulateyouattheroyalpalace.M:It’sanhonor.Ihopetocontinuethegreatsuccessesinthisfield.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6.Whenwasthelasttimethespeakerswereinatheater?A.January.B.March.C.July.7.Whatstageshowdidthespeakerswatchontelevision?A.Cats.B.RomeoandJuliet.C.Hamilton.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeenlookingforwardtoanightoutatthetheater,consideringweonlywentoncelastyear.W:Wewenttwice.Remember,wesawthatShakespeareplayRomeoandJulietinJanuary,andthenCatsinMarch.M:Bothofthemseemedlikesuchalongtimeago.Ithinkit’sbecausewewatchedthestageversionofHamiltononTV.W:Yes,thatwasinJuly.I’vewatcheditafewtimessincethenwhenyouwereout.M:Iguessedthatbecauseyouarealwayssingingthesongsfromit.W:Idolovethemusic.Ican’twaittoseeitlive.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabar.B.Inahotel.C.Inarestaurant.9.Howmuchisthebarbecue?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.10.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Haveadrink.B.Takeashower.C.Eatsomefood.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:Soifyouwanttograbadrink,thebarisoverthere.W:I’mactuallylookingforfood.M:Wehaveastandardmenu,butifyouwait30minutes,we’llhaveabarbecuetonight.W:Isitexpensive?I’monatraveler’sbudget.M:No,aflatfeeof$10andyoucaneatasmuchasyouwant.It’sverypopularwithourguests.W:Yes,I’lldothatbecauseIreallyneedtohaveashowerbeforeIeat.M:Sotheshowersarenexttotheroomsonthesecondfloor.Justgoupthissetofstairs.Doyouwantahandwith yourbag?W:No,I’llmanage.Thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wholivesabovethespeakers?A.Mr.Green.B.Mr.White.C.Mrs.Smith.12.WhereisMrs.Smithnowprobably?A.Inanothercity.B.Inherapartment.C.Atthefiredepartment.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Phoneforhelp.B.Breakintothehouse.C.Getabucket.【答案】11.C12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:There’swaterleakingfromtheceilingofthelivingroom.M:ItmustbecomingfromMrs.Smith’sapartment.W:I’llgoknockonherdoorandseeifsheisallright.M:She’snothome.SheflewtoNewYorktovisitherbrotherfortheweekend.What’sworse,Idon’thavehernumber.W:Shemusthaveleftataponorsomething.Weneedtogetin.M:IthinkMr.Greenhasasparekey.Helivesacrossthehallfromher.W:OK,I’llgoseeifheisin.Ifnot,I’llphoneMr.Whiteatthefiredepartment.Theyareallowedtobreakintothehouse.M:I’llgogetabucket,soitwon’tsoakthecarpetanymorethanitalreadyhas.W:Tryandavoidstandingunderit,justincaseitfallsinonus.M:ItshouldbeOK.Ithinkwe’venoticeditintime.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdoesthewomandoonthelastFridayofeachmonth?A.Visitarooftoprestaurant.B.Attendabusinessmeeting.C.Joininaformalbusinessdinner.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Brotherandsister.B.Bankerandclient.C.Managerandemployee.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Applyforabusinessloan.B.Organizeasocialevent.C.Takeabreakfromwork.【答案】14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeentoldIneedtosocializewithmorepeopletogetmoreclientsformybusiness.W:That’strue.Iattendtwonetworkingeventseachmonth.OneisaMondaybusinessdinnerforlocalcompanies.M:Andtheother?W:It’slessformal.It’satarooftoprestaurantonthelastFridayofeachmonth.It’snotonlyaboutmakingconnectionsbutsharingcreativeideas,enjoyingthefoodandadmiringtheview.M:I’mjustnotasconfidentasyouabouttalkingtopeople.W:Oh,comeon.Whenweweregrowingup,youwerealwayssooutgoing.Momwouldhavetorunafteryou.M:Iknow,butit’sdifferentnowbeinganadult.W:Youknowyoucangotoclassestolearnhowtospeakinpublic.M:Iknow,butIspendallmytimeonthejob.SometimesIevenforgettoeat.W:Youneedtotakeabreakbeforeyouburnyourselfout.Whydon’twegotothatnewartgallery?Youcanrelaxthereifyouneedto.M:Iappreciatetheoffer.However,Ihavesomepaperworktofilloutforsomegovernmentfinancialsupport,asthebankturneddownabusinessloan.W:BringitwithusandIcanhelpyouwithit.Idohaveabusinessdegreeafterall.M:Actually,yes,thatwouldbegreat.W:Letmegrabmycoat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonChristmasday?A.Dry.B.Rainy.C.Snowy.18.Whenwillpeopleprobablygotoshopinthesales?A.OnChristmasEve.B.OnChristmasDay.C.OnBoxingDay.19.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledoforNewYear?A.Watchtheroadswhendriving.B.Wearwarmclotheswhengoingout. C.Stayindoorsanddrinkhotchocolate.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.TheweatherconditionduringChristmasperiod.B.TheplanoncelebratingtheNewYear.C.ThearrangementonBoxingDay.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Goodmorning,andhereisalookattheweatherintheUKovertheChristmasperiod.Unfortunately,thosehopingforawhiteChristmasmaybedisappointed,asChristmasDaylooksasthoughitisgoingtobemild,withcoldbutlightwindsblowinginfromtheAtlanticOcean.Butitshouldremaindrythroughouttheday,withthelastoftherainfallingonChristmasEve.However,BoxingDaywillseetemperaturesfallsharplyto-10degreesinthemorningandonlyreachhighsofonedegreeorpossiblytwodegrees.So,becarefulwhenyouarewalkingordrivingtothesales,astheroadsaregoingtobeveryicy.ThiscoldweatherwillcontinueupuntilNewYear,whenthereisachancethattherewillbesnow.Soifyouareplanningoncelebratingtheendoftheyearoutside,besuretowrapupwarmandtakesomenicehotchocolateorteawithyou.Andthat’stheweatherfromme.OnbehalfofmyselfandeveryonehereatBBCWeather,wehopeyouallhaveamerryChristmasandahappyNewYearwhenitcomes.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere’shardlyadullmomentinvibrantIstanbul.Thecity’shistoricattractionscanbeappreciatedanytimeofyear,butitsatmospheredoeschangedramaticallywiththeseasons,andaccommodationpricesvaryaccordingly.HereareourpicksforthebesttimestoenjoyTurkey’slargestcity.JunetoAugustisbestforoutdoordiningandconcertsinIstanbul.SummerispeaktourismseasoninIstanbul.Costsforaccommodationscanbehighandlineslongatmajorattractions.Theweatherishotandhumid,butthesunsparklingofftheBosphorusisglorious,andtheoutdoorseatingatcafes,restaurantsandbarsmakesforalivelyurbanscene.Concerts,festivalsandothereventsarestagedintheopenairtoo.Theshoulderseasonisbestforsightseeingandculturalevents.Thelong,mostlypleasantspringandfallseasonsareidealforseeingthesightsandwanderingtheneighborhoodsofIstanbul,acitythatrewardsexplorationbyfoot.There’sadropoffintouristcrowds,andlocalurbanlifeisinfullswing,includingabusy calendarofartsandculturalevents.IstanbulinDecember?Winterisidealfortravelonabudget.Thegray,rainyandchillywintermonthsaren’tthemostappealingtimetovisitIstanbul,thoughtheydolendthecityacertainromanticallysadmood.Ontheplusside,itwon’tbedifficultorexpensivetofindaccommodations,andIstanbul’smanymuseums,mosquesandothersightsprovideplentyofindooractivities.21.WhenisIstanbul’smostcrowdedtourismseason?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.D.Winter.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“shoulderseason”inIstanbul?A.It’sperfectforculturalevents.B.It’sidealforbudgettraveling.C.There’sariseintouristcrowds.D.There’slittleurbanscenetosee.23.WhatisonegoodthingabouttouringIstanbulinwinter?A.Open-airconcerts.B.Pleasantweather.C.Outdooractivities.D.Affordableaccommodations.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了游览伊斯坦布尔的最佳时节。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“SummerispeaktourismseasoninIstanbul.(夏季是伊斯坦布尔的旅游旺季。)”可知，夏季是旅游旺季，游客最拥挤。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theshoulderseasonisbestforsightseeingandculturalevents.(淡季是观光和文化活动的最佳季节。)”可知，在淡季适合观光和参加文化活动。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Winterisidealfortravelonabudget.(冬天是预算内旅行的理想之地。)”和“itwon’tbedifficultorexpensivetofindaccommodations(找住处并不困难或昂贵)”可知，冬季旅行可以节省预算，容易找到价格不贵的住处。故选D。BCocoGauffusedtovisittheGrandSlamtournament(大满贯锦标赛)asakidtoseeheridolsSerenaandVenusWilliams.Nowsheisachampionthereherself.OnSept9,the19-year-oldfromtheUSwonherfirstmajorwomen’ssinglestitleatthe2023USOpen(美国网球公开赛).Afteranaveragestart,Gauffsurgedtoa2-6,6-3,6-2victoryoverherbigger,strongeropponent,Aryna Sabalenka,fromBelarus,whobecamethenewworldNo.1thedayafterthetournamentended.UnliketheWilliamssisters,whohaveobviousforceandpower,Gauffissmallandslim.Butshemovesfastonthetenniscourt.Forbesmagazinesaid,“Sheisthequickestandperhapsalreadythebestreturnerofimpossibleshotsintennishistory.”EventhoughSabalenkaisaverypowerfulhitter,itfeltlikeshehadtofinisheachpointfourorfivetimes,asGauff’sdefensewassoperfect,notedTheTelegraph.ThisendedupfrustratingSabalenkaandcausedhertomake46unforcederrors.GauffthusbecamethefirstAmericanteenagertowintheUSOpensinceSerenaWilliams,then17,in1999.Whenaskedabout“takingthetorch”fromthe23-timeGrandSlamwinnerandthesimilaritybetweentheirtenniscareers,GaufftoldESPN,“SerenaisSerena.She’sthegreatestofalltime...I’dhopetodohalfofwhatshedid.ButI’mnotgoingtocomparemyselftoher.She’ssomeonethatIlookupto.”Now,Gauff’sbigwinhaslefttennisfanswondering:When’shernextGrandSlam?That’snoeasytask.TwoofthepastfourUSOpenwomen’schampionswereteenagersatthetime,Canada’sBiancaAndreescuin2019andtheUK’sEmmaRaducanuin2021,andneitherhascomeclosetorepeatingtheirsuccessyet.ButonethingaboutGauffiscertain—thatatjust19yearsold,thesky’sthelimit.24.WhatdoweknowaboutGauff’sperformanceinthegameatthe2023USOpen?A.Shemade46unforcederrors.B.Shewasleadingfromthestart.C.Shedefeatedastrongeropponent.D.ShebecameworldNo.1afterwards.25.Accordingtothetext,whatareGauff’sadvantages?A.Herforceandpower.B.Herspeedanddefense.C.Herfigureandheight.D.Herservicesandattacks.26.Whois“the23-timeGrandSlamwinner”mentionedinparagraph5?A.ArynaSabalenka.B.BiancaAndreescu.C.CocoGauff.D.SerenaWilliams.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“thesky’sthelimit”implyinthelastparagraph?A.ItishardforGaufftopushbackherlimits.B.Gauffwillconsiderswitchingtoothersports.C.Gauffhaspotentialforgreaterfuturesuccess.D.Teenagesportsmenoftenfailtocontinuetheirsuccess.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了19岁的美国网球运动员CocoGauff 在美国网球公开赛中获胜，成为自1999年以来最年轻的赢得大满贯冠军的美国人。【24题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Afteranaveragestart,Gauffsurgedtoa2-6,6-3,6-2victoryoverherbigger,strongeropponent,ArynaSabalenka,fromBelarus,whobecamethenewworldNo.1thedayafterthetournamentended.(在平局后，Coco以2-6、6-3、6-2的比分战胜了来自白俄罗斯的更大更强的对手ArynaSabalenka，后者在比赛结束后的第二天成为新的世界第一)”可知，Gauff在2023年美国网球公开赛上打败了一个更强的对手。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Butshemovesfastonthetenniscourt.Forbesmagazinesaid,“Sheisthequickestandperhapsalreadythebestreturnerofimpossibleshotsintennishistory.”(但她在网球场上动作很快。《福布斯》杂志说：“她是网球史上最快的，也许已经是最好的不可能球路的接球者了)”和第四段中“EventhoughSabalenkaisaverypowerfulhitter,itfeltlikeshehadtofinisheachpointfourorfivetimes,asGauff’sdefensewassoperfect,notedTheTelegraph.(据《每日电讯报》报道，尽管Sabalenka是一名非常强大的击球手，但由于Gauff的防守非常完美，她感觉每一分都必须完成四五次)”可知，Gauff的优势在于她的速度和防守。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。由第五段中“GauffthusbecamethefirstAmericanteenagertowintheUSOpensinceSerenaWilliams,then17,in1999.Whenaskedabout“takingthetorch”fromthe23-timeGrandSlamwinnerandthesimilaritybetweentheirtenniscareers,GaufftoldESPN(Gauff因此成为自1999年17岁的SerenaWilliams以来首位赢得美国网球公开赛冠军的美国青少年。当被问及从第23届大满贯得主那里“火炬接力”以及她们网球生涯的相似性时，Gauff告诉ESPN)”可知，SerenaWilliams是23届大满贯得主。故选D项。【27题详解】词句猜测题。由第一段中的“Nowsheisachampionthereherself.OnSept9,the19-year-oldfromtheUSwonherfirstmajorwomen’ssinglestitleatthe2023USOpen(美国网球公开赛).(9月9日，这位19岁的美国选手在2023年美国网球公开赛上赢得了她的第一个主要女单冠军)”，第五段中“GauffthusbecamethefirstAmericanteenagertowintheUSOpensinceSerenaWilliams,then17,in1999.(Gauff因此成为自1999年17岁的SerenaWilliams以来首位赢得美国网球公开赛冠军的美国青少年)”和最后一段中“ButonethingaboutGauffiscertain—thatatjust19yearsold,thesky’sthelimit.(但关于Gauff有一点是肯定的，那就是在她19岁的时候，thesky’sthelimit)”可知，19岁的美国网球运动员CocoGauff在美国网球公开赛中获胜，成为自1999年以来最年轻的赢得大满贯冠军的美国人，其前途不可限量，划线句意为“Gauff有潜力在未来取得更大的成功”。故选C项。 CLeadershipisaqualitythatishardtodefine.EveryonecanthinkofinspiringleadersfromhistorybutmanagerswhothinktheycanbasetheirstyleonNelsonMandelaorElizabethIaresufferingfrommisunderstandingsofgreatness.Thebiggestmistakeistoconsiderleadershipentirelyequaltocharisma(魅力).BillyMcFarlandwasjust25whenhesetuptheFyrefestivalwhichpromisedattendeesaluxuryexperienceonadesertedislandintheBahamas.AsshownbytheNetflixdocumentary,“Fyre:TheGreatestPartyThatNeverHappened”,MrMcFarlandwasanunusualsalesman.Heconvincedinvestorsthathewasavisionarybusinessmanandpersuadedtalentedyoungpeopletoworkforhim.Buthelackedtheskillstoputhisvisionintopractice.Festivalguestsarrivedtofindtheirfoodconsistedofcheesesandwiches,ratherthanfirst-classcuisine.Theywerehousednotinluxuryvillas,butintentsleftoverfromahurricane-reliefprogram.ThewholeeventendedwithMrMcFarlandbeingsentencedtosixyearsinprison.HisexamplecouldhavebeenacasestudyforthebookbyTomasChamorro-Premuzic—“WhyDoSoManyIncompetentMenBecomeLeaders?(andhowtofixit)”.Asanorganisationalpsychologist,hepointsoutthatpeopletendtoassumethatconfidentindividualsarecompetent,whenthereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenthetwoqualities.Thoseconfidentpeoplearepromotedandthentheirabilitiesturnouttobeover-estimated.MrChamorro-Premuzicarguesthatcompetenceismoreimportantthancharismaorconfidence.Managersneedenoughpresencetopersuadetheirteamstofollowthebusinessplan,buttheyshouldthinkintermsofcoachingratherthaninspiration.Employeesaremorelikelytobeengagedwiththeirworkiftheygetfrequentfeedbackfromtheirbosses,andiftheyareinvolvedinsettingtheirowngoals.Anotherkeyfactorinleadershipistheabilitytosetagoodexample.Subordinates(下属)noticewhatbehaviourgetsrewardedandwhichstandardsaresetbythepersonatthetop.28.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.Leadershipisaqualityimpossibletoevaluate.B.NelsonMandelaandElizabethIarebothoverrated.C.Youcan’tbecomeleadersbysimplyimitatingothers.D.Charismaticpeoplearemorelikelytobegreatleaders.29.Accordingtothetext,whatkindofaleaderwasBillyMcFarland?A.Unconfident.B.Visionary.C.Incomparable.D.Incompetent.30.WhatdoesMrChamorro-Premuzicrevealinhisbook? A.Theassumptionthatconfidenceequalscompetence.B.Thephenomenonthatcompetentpeoplecan’tleadwell.C.Theconnectionbetweencompetenceandcareersuccess.D.Thereasonwhyconfidentpeoplearepopularinworkplaces.31.WhatdoesMrChamorro-Premuzicsuggestforgoodleadership?A.Respectingtheprivacyofemployees.B.Givingemployeesfrequentfeedback.C.Inspiringemployeeswithbigvisions.D.Followingtheexamplesofgoodemployees.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了领导力的本质。作为领导者，能力的重要性远超于魅力和自信，并且领导者能够树立良好的榜样。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Leadershipisaqualitythatishardtodefine.EveryonecanthinkofinspiringleadersfromhistorybutmanagerswhothinktheycanbasetheirstyleonNelsonMandelaorElizabethIaresufferingfrommisunderstandingsofgreatness.(领导力是一种难以准确定义的品质。每个人都能想到历史上鼓舞人心的领导者，但如果管理者认为他们可以基于纳尔逊·曼德拉或伊丽莎白一世等伟大人物的风格来塑造自己的管理方式，那么他们可能对伟大的理解存在误区)”可知，你不能仅仅通过模仿他人而成为领导者。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Buthelackedtheskillstoputhisvisionintopractice.Festivalguestsarrivedtofindtheirfoodconsistedofcheesesandwiches,ratherthanfirst-classcuisine.Theywerehousednotinluxuryvillas,butintentsleftoverfromahurricane-reliefprogram.ThewholeeventendedwithMrMcFarlandbeingsentencedtosixyearsinprison.(但是，比利·麦克法兰德缺乏将愿景付诸实践的技能。音乐节的来宾抵达后发现，他们的食物只是奶酪三明治，而非宣传中的顶级美食。他们居住的也不是豪华别墅，而是飓风救灾项目遗留下来的帐篷。这场闹剧最终以麦克法兰德先生被判处六年监禁告终)”可知，比利·麦克法兰德作为领导者表现出了无能的一面。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Asanorganisationalpsychologist,hepointsoutthatpeopletendtoassumethatconfidentindividualsarecompetent,whenthereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenthetwoqualities.Thoseconfidentpeoplearepromotedandthentheirabilitiesturnouttobeover-estimated.( 作为组织心理学家，他指出，人们常常错误地假设自信的人就一定具备相应的能力，尽管事实上这两种特质之间并没有直接关联。那些自信满满的人往往会被提拔，然后才会发现其实际能力被过分高估了)”可知，查莫罗-普雷穆茨先生在他的书中揭示了一个普遍存在的假设，即自信等于能力。故选A项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Employeesaremorelikelytobeengagedwiththeirworkiftheygetfrequentfeedbackfromtheirbosses,andiftheyareinvolvedinsettingtheirowngoals.(如果员工能经常从上级那里获得反馈，并且有机会参与制定自己的工作目标，他们将更有可能积极投入工作)”可知，查莫罗-普雷穆茨先生建议，为了展现良好的领导力，应当给予员工频繁的反馈。故选B项。DTurningaroundcorners,weavingthroughtraffic,everysecondmatters.Itisneitherastreetracenora007chase,buttheriskyjourneyofasushi(寿司)roll.ThestreetsofChinaarefilledwithdeliverydriversracingnoodles,sandwichesandsoupsacrosscities.Whiletheeverydayconsumermayfindtheseservicesconvenient,mostdonotrealizethetruecostoftheirdelivery.Howmuchisthatlate-nightsnackreallyworth?Stricttimelimitsarethemainconcernfordeliverydrivers.TheChinesedeliveryappMeituandecreasedthemaximumtimeallowancefrom50minutesto30oreven20.Timeliterallymeansmoney:Surpassingthelimitcanresultinfines,whicharepaidtothefirmratherthantotheconsumers.Yet,beyondfines,thereisoftenagreatercost.AccordingtoPandailyNews,onedeliveryworkerisinjuredorkilledinaccidentsevery2.5daysinShanghaiand,sadly,companiesseldomprovideinsuranceclaimswhentheirtimelimitsleadtotheseconsequences.Driversarepushedtobreaktrafficrulesandrisktheirlivessoyoursushiisnotaminutelate.Furthermore,lowwagesandextensiveworkinghoursexacerbatetheseissues.SomecompaniesinChinatakeadvantageoftheeconomicinequalitiesbetweenChina’slargecitiesandlessdevelopedinteriortoofferextremelylowpaytomigrantdeliverydriverswhiledemandinglonghours.Yettheselonghoursandlowpayarecommonthroughouttheglobaldeliveryindustry.IntheUnitedStates,advertisedearningsof$22perhourarelargelyexaggeratedwhileworkerscomplainthatfooddeliveryappsrarelygivethemalltheirtips.Whatisthesolution?First,consumersshouldrecognizewhatisbehindtheirimpossiblycheapandfastdelivery:exploitation.Weshouldexpectmorefromthedeliveryappcompaniesandlessfromtheirdrivers.Thatis,weshouldpaymoreandwaitlongerwhileonlyorderingfromcompanieswhooffertheirdriversfairwages,insuranceandasafeworkingenvironment.Intheend,yoursushiisjustnotworthit.32.Whowillbepaidthefinesforadelayeddelivery?A.Thedeliveryfirm.B.Thedeliveryworker.C.Thesushirestaurant.D.Theordinaryconsumer. 33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbate”inparagraph4mean?A.Integrate.B.Comprise.C.Worsen.D.Alleviate.34.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“earningsof$22perhour”intheUS?A.Toindicatethatdeliverydriversshouldn’texpectmuch.B.Toemphasizethatdeliverycompaniesshouldprovideinsurance.C.ToprovethatthepayandworkingenvironmentarebetterintheUS.D.Toshowthatlowpayandoverworkarecommonissuesintheindustry.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?ATheHarmofDeliveryServicesB.TheTrueCostofConvenientDeliveriesC.TheOverratedPopularityofSushiD.TheBenefitsandProblemsofDeliveryApps【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了虽然消费者可能觉得外卖服务很方便，但很少有人意识到这背后的真正代价和风险。极其严格的时间限制导致外卖送餐员不得不冒着违反交通规则、受伤甚至失去生命的风险，而且该行业普遍工资低廉、工作时间长。文章呼吁消费者应该认识到背后的剥削问题，支持那些为外卖员提供公平待遇和安全环境的公司，而不是只追求价格便宜和快速送达。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Timeliterallymeansmoney:Surpassingthelimitcanresultinfines,whicharepaidtothefirmratherthantotheconsumers.(时间确实就是金钱：超过时间限制可能会导致罚款，罚款将支付给公司而不是消费者)”可知，外卖超时的罚款将支付给外卖公司。故选A项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Stricttimelimitsarethemainconcernfordeliverydrivers.(严格的时间限制是外卖员最关心的问题)”可知，第三段主要谈论外卖行业严格的时间限制引起的问题，再结合画线词的上文“Furthermore,lowwagesandextensiveworkinghours(此外，工资低，工作时间长)”可知，第四段主要谈论外卖行业工资低、工作时间长引起的问题，由此推知，这两个事实应该是“加剧”了第三段提到的问题，画线词意思应该是“使加剧，使恶化”，与worsen意思相近。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Yettheselonghoursandlowpayarecommonthroughouttheglobaldeliveryindustry.IntheUnitedStates,advertisedearningsof$22perhourarelargelyexaggeratedwhileworkerscomplainthatfooddeliveryappsrarelygivethemalltheirtips.(然而，这种工作时间长、工资低的现象在全球外卖行业很普遍。在美国，每小时22 美元收入的广告在很大程度上被夸大了，而工人们抱怨送餐应用很少给他们全部小费)”可知，此处先提到外卖行业这种不合理的现象很普遍，然后具体说明在美国每小时22美元的收入实际上是假的。由此可知，作者提到美国的“每小时22美元的收入”，是为了支撑前面的观点，表明低工资和过度工作是该行业的普遍问题。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Whiletheeverydayconsumermayfindtheseservicesconvenient,mostdonotrealizethetruecostoftheirdelivery.(虽然日常消费者可能会发现这些服务很方便，但大多数人并没有意识到它们的真正成本)”和最后一段中“Whatisthesolution?First,consumersshouldrecognizewhatisbehindtheirimpossiblycheapandfastdelivery:exploitation.(解决方案是什么？首先，消费者应该认识到，在他们难以置信的廉价和快速配送背后是什么：剥削)”可知，文章围绕外卖服务背后的真正代价和风险展开，介绍了极其严格的时间限制导致外卖送餐员不得不冒着违反交通规则、受伤甚至失去生命的风险，而且该行业普遍工资低廉、工作时间长。文章呼吁消费者应该认识到背后的剥削问题，支持那些为外卖员提供公平待遇和安全环境的公司，而不是只追求价格便宜和快速送达。因此，B项“便捷外卖的真实成本”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AdviceonChoosingYourCareerYouprobablyareverymuchconcernedaboutwhichdirectionyoutakeinyourcareer,butbeforeworkingthroughtheprocessofgeneratingandrefiningspecificcareerchoices,helicopterupto10,000feetfromwhereyoucanviewyouroverallcareermap,answerthebigquestionsandsetyouroveralldirection.____36____Whatisyouraim?Howlonghaveyougot?Rememberthattherearenorightanswers,onlythebestchoiceforyou,basedonwhatyouknownow.Havinglaidoutyouroverallmap,setboundariesanddefinedyourpersonaltargets,youcanthenturntopracticalissues.____37____Writedownexamplesofhowyoudemonstratekeyemployabilityskillssuchasteamwork,leadership,andcommunication.____38____Gooutandmeetpeople,attendtalks,gotorelevantlectures,watchvideosaboutindustriesandorganizations,seekoutwebsitesthatcangiveyouobjectiveandgeneralcareeradvice,forexample,theopenaccessOxforduniversitycareerswebsite.Overtimeyoucanstarttonarrowdownyourchoicesandthenchooseone.____39____In1804,MeriwetherLewisandWilliamClarksetoffwithacompassanddirection,andageneraldestinationofmappingthenewLouisianaterritoriesinAmerica.Buttheyhadnoexactmap.____40____Yourcareerwillbe muchlongerbut,likeLewisandClark,itisaboutdirection,notdestination.A.Whereroughly,areyougoing?B.Theirsuccessfulexpeditiontooktwoyears.C.Inanyevent,youhaveafewyearstoexplore.D.Identifywhatyouaregoodat,basedonyourskillsandexperiences.E.Thatway,you’llbemorefocusedandthusmorelikelytoachieveyourgoal.F.Youarelookingforamatchtowhatmightsuityounow,butthatchangesovertime.G.Yourcareerprojectmighttakesometime,asnowyouareprobablyshortofinformation.【答案】36.A37.D38.G39.E40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了关于选择职业的建议。【36题详解】根据前文“Youprobablyareverymuchconcernedaboutwhichdirectionyoutakeinyourcareer,butbeforeworkingthroughtheprocessofgeneratingandrefiningspecificcareerchoices,helicopterupto10,000feetfromwhereyoucanviewyouroverallcareermap,answerthebigquestionsandsetyouroveralldirection.(你可能非常关心自己在职业生涯中的方向，但在制定和完善具体的职业选择之前，扶摇直上一万英尺的高空，从高处查看自己总体的职业规划，回答一些重要问题，设定总体方向。)”和后文“Whatisyouraim?Howlonghaveyougot?(你的目标是什么？你还有多久？)”可知，空处应是对自己的职业规划提出的重要问题，与后文的问题并列，A项“你大致上要去哪里？”符合题意。故选A。【37题详解】根据后文“Writedownexamplesofhowyoudemonstratekeyemployabilityskillssuchasteamwork,leadership,andcommunication.(写下你如何展示关键就业能力的例子，如团队合作、领导力和沟通。)”可知，空处应是讲述要确定自己擅长的方面，D项“根据你的技能和经验，确定你擅长什么。”符合题意。故选D。【38题详解】根据后文“Gooutandmeetpeople,attendtalks,gotorelevantlectures,watchvideosaboutindustriesandorganizations,seekoutwebsitesthatcangiveyouobjectiveandgeneralcareeradvice,forexample,theopenaccessOxforduniversitycareerswebsite.(出去与人见面，参加演讲，参加相关讲座，观看有关行业和组织的视频，寻找可以为你提供客观和一般职业建议的网站，例如开放访问的牛津大学职业网站。)”可知，后文讲述了可以为自己寻找职业建议的方法，由此可知，空处应是指出你需要一些关于职业的信息，G项“你的职业计划可能需要一些时间，因为现在你可能缺乏信息。”衔接下文。故选G。 【39题详解】根据前文“Overtimeyoucanstarttonarrowdownyourchoicesandthenchooseone.(随着时间的推移，你可以开始缩小你的选择范围，然后选择一个。)”可知，前文讲述了你可以慢慢缩小选择范围直至做出选择，空处应评价这样做的作用，E项“这样，你会更加专注，从而更有可能实现你的目标。”符合题意，选项中的Thatway指代前文内容。故选E。【40题详解】根据前文“In1804,MeriwetherLewisandWilliamClarksetoffwithacompassanddirection,andageneraldestinationofmappingthenewLouisianaterritoriesinAmerica.Buttheyhadnoexactmap.(1804年，梅里⻙瑟•刘易斯和威廉•克拉克带着指南针朝着确定的方向出发了，他们大体上的目标是绘制美国路易斯安那州新领土的地图。但他们没有准确的地图。)”和后文“Yourcareerwillbemuchlongerbut,likeLewisandClark,itisaboutdirection,notdestination.(你的职业生涯会比这长的多，但是，就像刘易斯和克拉克一样，重要的是方向而不是目的地。)”可知，前文讲述了刘易斯和克拉克想要绘制美国路易斯安那州新领土的地图，但他们没有准确的地图，后文讲述了你的职业生涯会比这更长，由此可知，空处承上启下，应与刘易斯和克拉克花费的时间有关，B项“他们用了两年时间才成功完成考察。”符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’maphysicaltherapist(治疗师)forseverelydisabledchildrenintheSouthBronx.IhadonestudentnamedTamishawhowasstuckinawheelchair.Shecould____41____movehereyes.Shecouldn’tspeak,butIcouldbasically____42____hermind.Tamishawasveryintelligent,andveryhumorous.Ifsomeoneterriblydressedgotontheelevator,she’d____43____hereyesandgiggle.I’dhaveto____44____Ididn’tknowwhatshewaslaughinginordertoavoidembarrassingthatperson.Wehavegrownsocloseovertheyears.OnHalloweenI____45____herupasabutterfly,becausethat’showIsawher.Shewas____46____inthisbody,butshewasasoulwithsomuchdepthandsomuch____47____.WhenTamishagraduated,myhusbandandIwenttoHomeDepotandgotpaint,andbutterflies,andrainbowdecals(印花胶纸).Andwecompletely____48____herbedroom.Wemadehersleepinthelivingroom____49____shewouldn’tknowit.Butattheendoftheweekend,whenTamisha’sfathercarriedherin,shestartedgoingwild.Herface_____50_____.She’smakingallkindsofsounds.Herfatherwasholdingher,andhe’s_____51_____.Themakeoverwasareal_____52_____.We’vedoneabout20ofthemnow.Ourprocessalwaysbeginswithan_____53_____process.Weaskthe person:whatmakesyouhappy?Whatcolorsdoyoulove?Whatareyourfavoritethings?Weletthemdesigntheir_____54_____room.Thenwebecomethe_____55_____whobringthatdreamtolife.41.A.onlyB.evenC.thereforeD.soon42.A.educateB.readC.inspireD.change43.A.coverB.rollC.wipeD.feast44.A.assumeB.remindC.pretendD.estimate45.A.dressedB.pickedC.stoodD.put46.A.absorbedB.investedC.involvedD.trapped47.A.sufferingB.futureC.accessD.admiration48.A.transformedB.removedC.emptiedD.cleaned49.A.eventhoughB.asifC.sothatD.incase50.A.cloudedoverB.smoothedoverC.showedupD.litup51.A.complainingB.leavingC.cryingD.frowning52.A.revolutionB.phenomenonC.miracleD.invention53.AinterviewB.experimentC.appointmentD.exchange54.A.temporaryB.dreamC.artificialD.hospital55. A.designersB.doctorsC.instrumentsD.teachers【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.C45.A46.D47.B48.A49.C50.D51.C52.C53.A54.B55.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名理疗师，她有一名叫Tamisha的学生，这个学生只能转动眼睛，甚至无法讲话，但作者和她相处得很愉快。在Tamisha毕业时她和丈夫装饰了Tamisha的卧室，这让Tamisha兴奋地发出了各种各样的声音，这创造了奇迹。此后作者坚持用这种方法，让学生设计自己梦想的房间，而作者则是帮助让梦想实现的人。【41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只能移动眼睛。A.only只，仅；B.even甚至；C.therefore因此；D.soon很快。根据上文中的“Tamishawhowasstuckinawheelchair”和下文中的“Shecouldn’tspeak”可知，Tamisha被困在轮椅上，也不能说话，由此可知，她只能转动自己的眼睛。故选A。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不会说话，但我基本上能读懂她的心思。A.educate教育；B.read猜测，阅读；C.inspire激励，启发；D.change改变。but前后表示转折，前面“Shecouldn’tspeak”说她不能说话，再结合空后的“hermind”可知，作者能够读懂她的心思。readone’smind意为“猜测某人的心思”。故选B。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有穿着糟糕的人上了电梯，她会骨碌碌地转动眼睛，咯咯地笑。A.cover覆盖；B.roll（使）翻滚，滚动，转动；C.wipe擦，拭；D.feast尽情享用（美味佳肴）。根据上文中的“Shecould____1____movehereyes.”和空后的“hereyes”可知，她只能转动自己的眼睛，所以看到有人穿得很糟糕，她会骨碌碌地转动眼睛，咯咯地笑。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免让那个人尴尬，我不得不假装不知道她在笑什么。A.assume假定，假设；B.remind提醒；C.pretend假装；D.estimate估计。根据上文中的“Icouldbasically____2____hermind”和句中的“inordertoavoidembarrassingthatperson”可知，作者能够读懂她的心思，所以知道她为什么会笑，但是为了不让那个人尴尬，所以作者不得不假装自己不知道她在笑什么。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：万圣节那天，我把她打扮成蝴蝶，因为我就是这么看待她的。A.dressed(...up)乔装打扮；B.picked(...up)搭载，学会；C.stood(up)站立；D.put(...up)建造，张贴。根据空后的“herupasabutterfly”可知，作者把她打扮成一只蝴蝶。故选A。 【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被困在这个身体里，但她是一个有着如此深的深度和如此多未来的灵魂。A.absorbed吸收；B.invested投资；C.involved包含；D.trapped使落入险境，使陷入困境，卡住。根据上文中的“Tamishawhowasstuckinawheelchair”可知，Tamisha的身体有缺陷，她被困在这副有残缺的身体中不能自由行动。故选D。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.suffering折磨，苦难；B.future未来；C.access通道；D.admiration羡慕。根据空前的“shewasasoulwithsomuchdepthandsomuch”可知，空处和and前的depth并列，表示她的灵魂很有深度，充满了未来。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们彻底改造了她的卧室。A.transformed使改观；B.removed移开，去掉；C.emptied腾空，掏空；D.cleaned打扫。根据上文中的“WhenTamishagraduated,myhusbandandIwenttoHomeDepotandgotpaint,andbutterflies,andrainbowdecals(印花胶纸).(Tamisha毕业时，我和丈夫去了家得宝，买了油漆、蝴蝶和彩虹贴花。)”可知，作者和丈夫买了油漆、蝴蝶和彩虹贴花是为了改造Tamisha的卧室。故选A。【49题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们让她睡在客厅里，这样她就不会知道了。A.eventhough尽管；B.asif好像；C.sothat以便；D.incase以防。分析句子结构并结合句意，这里表示目的，让Tamisha睡在客厅是为了不让她知道她的卧室在被装饰，应用sothat引导目的状语从句。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的脸露出了喜色。A.cloudedover乌云翻滚；B.smoothedover缓和；C.showedup露面；D.litup露出喜色。根据上文中的“shestartedgoingwild”可知，当Tamisha看到房间的布置时，她很高兴。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她爸爸抱着她，哭了。A.complaining抱怨；B.leaving离开；C.crying哭泣；D.frowning皱眉。根据上文中的“She’smakingallkindsofsounds.(她发出各种各样的声音。)”可知，本来不能说话的Tamisha现在高兴得发出各种各样的声音，她的父亲应该是激动地抱着她哭泣。故选C。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次改造真是个奇迹。A.revolution革命；B.phenomenon现象；C.miracle奇迹；D.invention发明。根据空前的“areal”并结合上文内容可知，Tamisha看到房间内的布置后高兴地，本不能说话的她竟然发出了各种各样的声音，这是一个奇迹。故选C。 【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的过程总是从面试开始。A.interview面试，面谈；B.experiment实验；C.appointment约会；D.exchange交流，交换。根据下文中的“Weasktheperson:whatmakesyouhappy?Whatcolorsdoyoulove?Whatareyourfavoritethings?(我们问对方：是什么让你快乐？你喜欢什么颜色？你最喜欢的东西是什么？)”可知，作者他们会问对方一些问题，由此可知，他们首先会通过面试来了解对方。故选A。【54题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我们让他们设计他们梦想中的房间。A.temporary暂时的；B.dream理想的，梦想中的；C.artificial人工的；D.hospital医院。根据下文中的“thatdream”可知，这里指他们梦想中的房间。故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们成为促使梦想变为现实的人。A.designers设计者；B.doctors医生；C.instruments促成某事的人（或事物）；D.teachers老师。根据空后的“whobringthatdreamtolife”可知，这里是说他们是帮助那些人把梦想变为现实的人。故选C。第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Japanisacountryknownforitsiconiclandmarks,fromancienttemplesofKyototoneon-litskyscrapersofTokyo.However,____56____oftengoesunnoticedistheapproachJapan____57____(take)tobeautifyitsmanholecovers(窨井盖)sincethe1980s.Thesemetalplates,ofwhichthereareroughly6,000,servenotonly____58____functionalinfrastructurebutalsoascanvasesshowcasingculturalsymbols.PhotographerRemoCamerota,____59____documentedtheseuniquemanholecoversinhisbook“Drainspotting”,describestheexperienceoffindingthemasatreasurehunt.ThedesignsonthesemanholecoversshowJapan’s____60____(commit)tointegratingfunctionalitywithartandculture.Eachcovertellsastory,whetherit’srepresentingalocalfestival,historicalevent,____61____naturallandscape.Thepracticeofdecoratingmanholecovershasnotonlyadded____62____touchofartisticgeniustoJapan’sstreetsbuthasalsobecomeapopulartouristattraction.Visitorsnow____63____(encourage)toseekoutandappreciatetheseoftenoverlookedpiecesofurbanart,addinganewdimensiontotheirtravelexperiences.Japan’s____64____(create)approachtodecoratingitsmanholecoversreflectsthecountry’srichculturalheritage.TheseuniquepiecesofurbanartarelivingproofofJapan’sattentiontodetailandtheimportanceplacedonpreservingand_____65_____(celebrate)itsculturalidentity. 【答案】56.what57.hastaken58.as59.who60.commitment61.or62.a63.areencouraged64.creative65.celebrating【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日本通过美化街道窨井盖，使其变成有创意的艺术品，展现了本国的文化，也给游客增加了可以游览的景点。【56题详解】考查主语从句。句意：然而，经常被忽视的是，自20世纪80年代以来，日本采取的美化窨井盖的方法。分析句子结构，is之前是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“经常被忽视的事情”，所以应用what引导。故填what。【57题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。空处为定语从句“ Japan ________(take)tobeautifyitsmanholecovers(窨井盖)sincethe1980s. ”的谓语动词，根据句中的时间状语sincethe1980s可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语为Japan，所以谓语应用单数形式。故填hastaken。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：这些金属板大约有6000块，不仅充当功能性的基础设施，也充当展示文化符号的画布。serveas意为“充当”。故填as。【59题详解】考查定语从句。句意：摄影师雷莫·卡梅罗塔在他的Drainspotting一书中记录了这些独特的窨井盖，他将发现它们的经历描述为寻宝。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词PhotographerRemoCamerota，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应用who引导。故填who。60题详解】考查名词。句意：这些窨井盖的设计表明了日本致力于将功能与艺术和文化相结合。根据空前的“Japan’s”可知，空处应用名词。commitment意为“投入，奉献，使用”。故填commitment。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：每个盖子都讲述了一个故事，无论是代表当地节日、历史事件还是自然景观。 whether...or...意为“不管……还是……”，为固定搭配。故填or。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：装饰窨井盖的做法不仅为日本的街道增添了一丝艺术天才，而且已经成为一个受欢迎的旅游景点。atouchof意为“一点儿”，为固定搭配。故填a。【63题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现在，游客们被鼓励去寻找和欣赏这些经常被忽视的城市艺术作品，为他们的旅行体验增加了一个新的维度。根据时间状语“now”可知，这里表示现在的情况，应用一般现在时。主语为Visitors，表示复数，且和动词encourage之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，且谓语应用复数。故填areencouraged。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：日本富有创意的窨井盖装饰方式反映了该国丰富的文化遗产。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰approach。creative“有创造力的，创造（性）的”符合题意。故填creative。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些独特的城市艺术作品生动地证明了日本对细节的关注以及对保护和庆祝其文化特征的重视。空处和and前的preserving并列，作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填celebrating。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假如你是李华，你的外国笔友Patrick写信告诉你，每当别人向他求助时，他总是不会说不，这极大地影响了他的学习和生活。请你给他回信，帮他解决这一问题，内容包括：1.安抚对方；2.提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPatrick, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPatrick,Itisobviouslyavirtuetobenice,kindandhelpfultowardothers,butthereisapointwherepeoplecanenduptakingadvantageofyou,andyoushouldbeawareofsettinglimitsandmaintainingyoursenseofwell-being.Ithinkyoucantrythis:tellpeoplethatyouneedtowaitbeforeyoucansayyesornototheirrequest.Thiscanhelpyoubreakthehabitofautomaticallysayingyes.Ifthepersonneedinghelpispatientandwillingtowaitforyou,thenheorsheissomebodyworthhelping.Ifthepersongetsupset,angryorimpatientwithyou,thenheorsheislikelyjusttryingtogetsomethingoutofyouratherthanbeingafriend.Ihopeyou’llfindthismethodhelpful.Justkeepinmindthatit’sOKtosaynoandnotbeapeople-pleaser.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友Patrick回信，就如何拒绝他人给出一些建议，并说明理由。【详解】1.词汇积累要求：request→demand生气的：angry→annoyed很可能：likely→probably记在心里：keepinmind→bearinmind2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thiscanhelpyoubreakthehabitofautomaticallysayingyes.拓展句：Thiscanhelpyoubreakthehabitofautomaticallysayingyes,whichwillenableyoutomakemorethoughtfuldecisions.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ifthepersonneedinghelpispatientandwillingtowaitforyou,thenheorsheissomebodyworthhelping. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句和现在分词作后置定语)【高分句型2】Justkeepinmindthatit’sOKtosaynoandnotbeapeople-pleaser.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)第二节(满分25分) 67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mystorystartedoneautumnmorning,atthebendonapath.Iwas13yearsold,andwasonthewaytoschool.ItwasthefirsttimeIhadcaughtsightofafox.FascinatedtothepointthatIforgotallfear,Idaredtogouptoit.Ihadnevercomesoclosetoawildanimal.Therewasnobodyelsearound,onlymeandthefox.“Hey,fox!”Itriedtogreetit,thoughmyvoicewassoweakthatitfeltlikeIwassayinghellotomyself.Itdidn’thearme.ItstayedthereandIwatchedit.Myheartwasbeatingflatout.Itwassocute.Foramoment,IthoughtImightbeabletotouchit.Throughoutthedayatschool,Icouldonlythinkofthefoxatthebigbeech(山毛榉)tree.Atmyreturntotheplacewherewemet,IwassureI’dfinditthere.AndIdid.ThistimeIgatheredalittlebitmorecourageandcalledouttoit,“Fox!”Ofcourseitescaped.Butthatonlymademelongtomeetitagain.IdecidedthatifIcouldfinditskennel(洞)andcatchit,Iwouldtryandtame(驯服)it,makingitmyfriend.Thus,Ispentmostofmyfreetimeintheforeststryingtofindthefoxduringthefollowingmonths.ButIneversawitagainbeforewintercame.Duringthewinter,Ifolloweditsfootprintsfaracrossthefields.SuddenlyIwasalarmedbythehowlingofwolvesnearme.Iranawayfrightened,stumbledandhurtmyankle.Ithealedveryslowly,sothatIhadtostayathomeduringthewinter,readingabookaboutanimalsoftheforestandfoxes.Whenspringarrived,Iwasfreeagain.Ilookedforfoxkennelsandwaitedformyfox.Tomyamazement,ithadgotyoungonesbutkeptmovingbecauseofmyobservations;thereforeIdecidedtoobservethefoxfromalongerdistance.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Finally,itwouldletmegetclose._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2:Tomysurprise,thedayafterItookithome,itfled.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Finally,itwouldletmegetclose.Oneday,asIsatquietlyundertheshadeofatree,thefoxcautiouslyapproached,itsbrightandsofteyesfixedonme.Iheldmybreath,notwantingtostartlethelittlecreature.Asitcamecloser,Icouldseethetrustinitseyes,andIknewthatithadgotaccustomedtomypresenceandthatourbondhaddeepened.Overtime,Iwasabletobringitfoodandevenstrokeitsfurandoccasionally,itwouldhuddlepeacefullyagainstmeaswesatonthegreengrass,liketwooldfriends.AndjustlikewhatI’ddotoanoldfriendwhoseemedtoneedhelp,Itookithome,thinkingIcouldbettertakecareofitandwecouldbetterenjoyeachother’scompany.Tomysurprise,thedayafterItookithome,itfled.Itjumpedoutofanopenwindowandinnotimevanishedintothewoods.AsIwatcheditslipaway,withanimblenessandgracethatwasajoytobehold,dartingthroughtheunderbrushwithafluiditythatspokeofitswildnature,IsuddenlyrealizedthatperhapsthewildcalledtoitmorestronglythanIevercould.Ishouldneverhavetriedtokeepitasatamepet,becausewildcreaturesweresupposedtoberoamingintheirownhome,ratherthanbeingconfinedinmine.Ididn’tseeitthen—notevenwiththehelpofthatbookaboutfoxes,butnow,onlookingback,Iknowthatmyself-acclaimed“love”foritwasnotloveatall,butpossession.【解析】【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了一个秋天的早晨，13岁的作者在去学校的路上第一次见到一只狐狸，被它吸引住并产生了想摸它的冲动。作者整天都想着那只狐狸，决定回到相遇的地方寻找它。狐狸的确在那里，但是在作者喊了一声后，它逃走了，但这只增加了作者再次见到它的渴望。作者决定尝试找到它的窝，并驯服它成为自己的朋友。几个月的时间里，作者试图在森林里找到这只狐狸，但没有成功。因为追踪雪地里狐狸的脚印，作者的脚踝不幸受伤了，他不得不在冬天呆在家里读有关森林动物和狐狸的书。春天来临时，作者决定继续找这只狐狸，发现它已经有了小狐狸，于是他决定从更远的地方观察它。【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“最后，它会让我接近。”可知，第一段可描写作者成功等到这只狐狸来接近自己，和它相处得很融洽，以及作者把这只狐狸带回了家，以便更好地照顾它。②由第二段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，我把它带回家的第二天，它就逃走了。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到这只狐狸逃回大自然时的情景，以及从中领悟到人与动物之间应如何相处。2.续写线索：作者等待狐狸的接近——狐狸接近作者——作者把狐狸带回家——狐狸逃走——作者看到的情景——作者的领悟3.词汇激活行为类①靠近：approach/gonear②习惯于：getaccustomedto/getusedto③照顾：takecareof/lookafter④消失：vanish/disappear⑤意识到：realize/recognize情绪类①使惊吓：startle/scare/frighten②喜悦：joy/delight/happiness【点睛】[高分句型1]Asitcamecloser,Icouldseethetrustinitseyes,andIknewthatithadgotaccustomedtomypresenceandthatourbondhaddeepened.(运用了As引导时间状语从句、两个that分别引导名词性从句作knew的宾语)[高分句型2]AndjustlikewhatI’ddotoanoldfriendwhoseemedtoneedhelp,Itookithome,thinkingIcouldbettertakecareofitandwecouldbetterenjoyeachother’scompany.(运用了what引导名词性从句作like的宾语、who引导限制性定语从句、that引导名词性从句作thinking的宾语并被省略)[高分句型3]AsIwatcheditslipaway,withanimblenessandgracethatwasajoytobehold,dartingthroughtheunderbrushwithafluiditythatspokeofitswildnature,IsuddenlyrealizedthatperhapsthewildcalledtoitmorestronglythanIevercould.(运用了As引导时间状语从句、前两个that分别引导限制性定语从句、第三个that引导名词性从句作realized的宾语)