安徽省示范高中培优联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期冬季联赛英语Word版含解析.docx

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安徽省示范高中培优联盟2023年高二冬季联赛英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷第1至第6页，第Ⅱ卷第7至第8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意事项：1.答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。2.答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhathasEricbeengivenforhisbirthday?A.Abook.B.Adairy.C.Analbum.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atashoppingmall.B.Atabusstop.C.Inabank.3.WhenwillTomgethisbookbag?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow. 4.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthewomangotthesun.B.Whenthewomanwentsailing.C.Wherethewomanhadaholiday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答小题。6.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ateacher.B.Areceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.7.Whendoesthewomansuggestvisitingthecenter?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.听下面一段对话，回答小题。8.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Themarkets.B.Thewatergardens.C.Theancientdistrict.9.Whoisthewomangoingtogetapresentfor?A.Herdad.B.Hermum.C.Hersister.听下面一段对话，回答小题。10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain.B.Shegotoffthetrain.C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatcausedthewomantrouble?A.Hercoat.B.Herhigh-heeledshoes.C.Hersportsshoes.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman?A.Disorganized.B.Reliable.C.Sporty.听下面一段对话，回答小题。13.WhatisWendy’sopinionaboutthemenu?A.It’scomplicated.B.It’sattractive.C.It’straditional.14.Whowilldothedeliveriesfirst? A.Wendy.B.Mark.C.Ben.15.Whatdidthemando?A.Heorderedmorepackaging.B.Hearrangedtheschedule.C.Hehiredmorepeople.16.WhatwillWendydonext?APlansomepromotions.B.Contactrepeatcustomers.C.Makechangestothewebsite.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.Whendidthespeakerdecidetobeamechanic?A.Whenhewasachild.B.Afterhefinishedschool.C.Whenhegotqualifications.18.Whydidthespeakerleavehistown?A.Tolearnnewskills.B.Tobecomeanadventurer.C.Toexperiencenewthings.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthejobontheshipatfirst?A.Enjoyable.B.Satisfying.C.Tough.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterhisexperienceontheship?A.Hewentontravelling.B.Hesetuphisownbusiness.C.Heorganizedsometraining.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.IfyouwanttoadvanceyourEnglish,thereisawiderangeofcoursesthatyoucanchoosefrom.One-to-OneEnglishEnglishlevel:MinimumA1Coursecontent:Thiscourseisperfectforcompletebeginnersandadvancedlearnersalikebecauseeverythingistailoredforyourneeds.Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.GeneralEnglishforover30’sEnglishlevel:A1andaboveCoursecontent: Thiscourseisdesignedforinternationaladultsaged30andoverwhowanttolearnorimprovetheirEnglishwhileexploringLondonandmakingnewfriendsfromallovertheworld.Lessonsarebasedonarangeofrelevantandmotivatingmaterials.LondonisusedasaresourcewithlearnersputtingtheirlanguageintopracticeregularlywhileexploringLondon.GeneralEnglish20LessonsEnglishlevel:A2andaboveCoursecontent:ThisisanintensivecourseforalllevelstoimproveyourEnglishwithextrafocusonspeaking.Studentswillworktogethertoexploreandreviewgrammarincontextthroughroleplays,discussionsandpresentations.Topics,languageareasandmaterialswillreflecttheinterestsandneedsoftheclass.EnglishforFutureLearnersEnglishlevel:B2andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.Studentsworkingroupswithamixofnationalitiesandwillbesplitintoprojectmanagementgroupstoworkthroughseminarsandbusinesschallenges.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreinformation,pleasecontactusatsales@illondon.com.1.WhatisspecialaboutOne-to-OneEnglish?A.Learnerscandecidewhattolearnbasedontheirlearninggoals.B.Learnersareencouragedtoputtheirlanguageskillsintopractice.C.Learnerswillworktogethertoreviewsomegrammaticalrulesinclass.D.Learnerswillworkingroupstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskills.2.Whichcourseinvolvestheexplorationforcriticalthinking?A.One-to-OneEnglishB.GeneralEnglishforover30’sC.GeneralEnglish20LessonsD.EnglishforFutureLearners3.Whoarethecoursesintendedfor?A.Travelerswiththehopeofmakingnewfriends.B.Nativespeakerswithanextrafocusonspeaking.C.InternationalstudentsofvariousEnglishlevels.D.Completebeginnerswithnolanguagebackground.【答案】1.A2.D3.C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个提高英语水平的课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.(你将和你的老师一起定义你的学习成果，他们将根据你的学习目标创建课程)”可知，在这门课程中，学习者可以根据自己的学习目标决定学习内容。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据EnglishforFutureLearners部分中“Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.(本课程鼓励学生探索当代领导技能，如辩论、批判性思维和团队合作)”可知，EnglishforFutureLearners涉及批判性思维的探索。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.(伦敦国际学院拥有来自世界各地的学生，为初学者，中级和高级学习者提供真正的国际化学习环境)”可推知，这些课程是针对各种水平的国际学生设置的。故选C。BThetomatoleafminermoth(潜叶蛾)originatesfromPeruandiscommonthroughoutSouthAmerica.However,ithasspreadthroughEuropesince2007andhasbecomeoneofthelargestpestsinMediterraneanregions,threateningfoodsupplies.Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(杀虫剂),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.Scientistscarriedoutlaboratorytestsandfoundthatthespidersbandedtogethertoformwebsthateasilycaughttheflyinginsects,whichtheythenate.DrLenaGrinsted,theleadauthorofthestudy,said,“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.”Cropdamageisalsocausedbythelarvae(幼虫),whichdirectlyattackthetomatofruit,makingthecropuglyandthusunmarketable.Larvaeliveinsidetheleafuntiltheybegintheprocessofturningintoamoth,makingthemdifficulttocontrol.However,scientistsexpectthattargetingtheadultmothpopulationwillreducethenumberofeggsbeinglaid.Inaddition,thespidersbuildthebiggestwebsduringthesummer,whichcanbenefit thetomatoplantingandgrowingseasoninMayandJune.Theresearcherssaidthestudywould“opendoorsfortheuseofgroup-livingspiderstocontrolagriculturalpests”butwarnedthatmoreworkwasneededtocheckthespidersdidnotchangetheecologyofregions.“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegativelyimpactcroppollination(传粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.”DrGrinstedadded.4.Whyisitdifficulttogetridofthemothaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itislargeinsize.B.Itisdrug-resistant.C.Itspreadstooquickly.D.Itthreatensfoodsupplies.5.Whatmadeusingthespiderstocontrolpestspossible?A.Theirabilitytoweavehugewebs.B.Theirimportanceinthefoodchain.C.Theeffectofchemicalpesticidesonsoil.D.Thecostreductionofbuildingwaterways.6.WhatisDrGrinsted’sattitudetowardsthenewpest-controlproject?A.Optimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Cautious.D.Disapproving.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Moths:TheBiggestThreattoCropsB.Spiders:TheInsect-CatchingLoversC.Moths:AHeadacheforModernAgricultureD.Spiders:AnEco-friendlyAlternativetoDrugs【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了UniversityofPortsmouth专家们一个新发现——用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(杀虫剂),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.(世界各地的专家目前都在努力寻找对抗这种飞蛾的新方法，但它已经对杀虫剂产生了抗药性，农民们无法阻止这种破坏)”可知，很难消灭飞蛾是因为它有抗药性。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.(热带帐篷网蜘蛛成群活动，能织出巨大的连网，能在空中捕捉昆虫)”可知，蜘蛛的织网的能力使得利用蜘蛛来控制害虫成为可能。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegatively impactcroppollination(传粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.(未来的研究需要调查蜘蛛是否会通过捕获蜜蜂和其他关键传粉媒介对作物授粉产生负面影响)”可推知，他对这种新的消灭害虫的方法是持谨慎的态度的。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.(朴茨茅斯大学的一项新研究表明，答案可能在热带帐篷网蜘蛛身上)”和第二段最后一句“Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.(这可能会减少对化学农药的依赖，从而减少未来对土壤、水道和食物链的污染)”结合本文是介绍一种用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾的新方法，这种方法因为减少了对杀虫剂的使用而对环境有益。故D项“蜘蛛：一种环保的药物替代品”最符合文章标题。故选D。CArecentstudyinJapanhasrevealedthatawearablesoftrobot,namedRelicbo,canimprovetheexperienceofpatientsinmedicaltreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapies.Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.Thestudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofTsukuba,wasinspiredinpartbythenumerousneedlespeoplehadtoendurewhilebeingvaccinated(接种疫苗)againstCOVID-19.Somepeoplefeltanintensedislikefortheseneedles,whichledtofewerpeoplegettingvaccinated.Therobotissoftandcoveredinfur.Itcontainssmallairbagsinternallythatinflate(膨胀)inresponsetohandmovement.Participantsinthestudywhoworetherobotwhilesubjectedtoamediumheatstimulation,experiencedlesspaininthetestthanthosewhodidnotweartherobot.Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharplybylesseningtheexperienceofpainthroughusingtherobot.Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.Theteamplacedpainfulheatstimulationontheotherarmthatwasnotholdingtherobot.Theythenmeasuredcortisollevelsfromtheparticipants’salivasamples,suggestinglevelsofstresshormones.Thepainfeltbythepatientswasgivenspecificratingsandwasalsorecordedusinganassessmentscale.Thepeopleinthestudyweregivenasurveytesttoassesstheirfearofinjectionsbeforeandaftertheexperimentwiththewearablerobotwascompleted.Thestudyprovedthatholdingtherobotcancasetheexperienceofpatientswhowerereceivinginjections.Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.8.Whatisthefunctionoftherobot? A.Toassistdoctorsininjectingaccurately.B.Tohelprelievepeople’spainfrominjections.CToevaluatepatients’physicalandmentalhealth.D.ToassesstheeffectsofgettingvaccinatedagainstCOVID-19.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lessening”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Detecting.B.Increasing.C.Recording.D.Decreasing.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Methodsoftestingtheeffectivenessoftherobot.B.Reasonsforconductingtheexperimentontherobot.C.Theadvantagesofthenewrobotinthemedicalfield.D.Theprocessofreducingpeople’sfearofinjections.11.Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A.Evaluatetheriskoftherobot.B.Developotherdevicesformedicaltreatment.C.Promotetheapplicationoftherobot.DCarryoutmoretestsontherobot.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本的一项最新研究：可穿戴的软体机器人可以帮助减轻痛苦和保护人们免受焦虑。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.(该机器人的目的是帮助减轻疼痛和保护人们免受焦虑)”可知，机器人的功能是帮助人们减轻注射带来的疼痛。故选B项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharply(试验证明，疼痛和焦虑感可以大大减轻)”和“theexperienceofpain(痛苦的体验)”可以 推知，此处应该是指“减轻”痛苦的体验，所以推测出画线词是“减轻”的意思。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.(研究小组以握紧手的姿势为基础，检查了参与者在特定条件下使用可穿戴机器人时的效果)”可知，本段主要是讲测试机器人有效性的方法。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.(研究团队希望通过这项研究来改进机器人在疼痛情况下的使用，例如进行医疗注射或类似情况)”可推知，研究人员下一步可能会促进机器人的应用。故选C项。DAsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.Artisclassedastheproductofimagination,skill,experience,andemotion,usuallymeanttorepresentsomethingforthepublictoenjoy.Artistsspenttimeandeffortputtingtheirinnerworldsontotheseworks.Machineintelligencealsoputsalotofworkintosortingthroughtonsofdata,linkingsomeone’sprompt(指令)todatasets,andtryingtorepresentitasbestaspossible.ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?AIartinvolvesaprogrammimicking(模仿)theworkofexistingartiststocreateanewpieceaccordingtotherequestofahuman.Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheartindustry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.Oncewe’veansweredthosequestions,wecantacklethereallybigone:WhenanAI-generatedpaintingwinsanaward,whogetstheprize?12.HowisAIartdifferentfromhumanart? A.Itistheproductofexperience.B.Itcombinesdifferentstylesofwork.C.Itisnotamirrorofartists’emotions.D.Itdoesn’tcostmuchmoneytoproduce.13.WhydoesthewritermentionMonaLisainparagraph3?A.TopresentthepotentialtroublewiththevalueofAIart.B.Tointroduceanewwayofpreservingartmasterpieces.C.ToshowtheadvantagesofAIpaintersoverhumanartists.D.Toprovethepopularityofclassicartworksamongviewers.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.AIartpromotesthesaleofartisticproducts.B.AIartmakescopyrightissuesmorecomplicated.C.ArtistscancreatemoreworkswiththehelpofAI.D.Therewillbefiercecompetitionintheartindustry.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topersuade.B.Toinform.C.Todescribe.D.Toargue.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了AI艺术创作是否是真的艺术的问题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.(不同之处在于，AI是由命令驱动的，而不是由表达自己的情感欲望驱动的)”可知，人工智能艺术与人类艺术的不同在于它不是人类情感的反应。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?(只要敲击键盘上的回车键，人工智能画家就能创作出1000多幅原创艺术作品。但是，一幅批量生产的《蒙娜丽莎》版画的价值还不如列奥纳多·达·芬奇的真迹。为什么？稀缺性——只有一个原物。有人应该为这些东西买单吗?如果一位艺术家要出售人工智能杰作，价格应该是多少？)”可推知，作者想通过这个例子来说明AI艺术可能会给艺术作品的价值评定带来问题。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheart industry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.(但是是谁创造了艺术品，机器还是它的使用者？原创艺术家可以起诉侵犯版权吗？这些问题使人工智能和艺术产业的融合变得复杂，同时也加剧了反对将人工智能生成的艺术视为可销售的艺术产品的争论)”可推知，人工智能艺术使版权问题更加复杂。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.(随着人工智能艺术生成器席卷全球，有些人怀疑他们的作品是否应该算作艺术。这项技术仍在发展中，还有一些问题需要解决，这意味着除了优秀的人工智能可以创造出令人难以置信的艺术品外，还需要考虑一些缺陷)”结合文章主要讨论了AI艺术创作是否是真的艺术的问题。故写作的目的就是为了辩论“AI艺术创作是真的艺术吗?”。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AsuniversitydoorsopenedinSeptemberforanewyear,anestimatedsixmillionpeopleacrosstheworldtooktothestreetsinahistoricweekofclimateaction.Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.____16____Whatyouputonyourplatematters.Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(过度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.____17____Therefore,ameat-freediethasbeenrecommendedasthe“single-biggestway”anindividualcanreducetheirimpactontheplanet.____18____Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.Changeyourhabits.____19____Therearesimplewaysyoucanchangeyourhabitstolivesustainably.Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(卫生的)products.Ifyou’replanningaweekendawaywithfriends,trytotravelbytrainorbus.Individualactionsmatter,astheydemonstratecommitmentandprovideanalternativetohowwecanlive.Butcampaigningisimportant,too.____20____Ifyoudon’tknowwhereorhowtostart,seeifthereareanysocietiesatyouruniversity.StudentsoftheFossilFreecampaign,forexample,havebroughtonhugechangesbycallingontheirinstitutionstostopusingfossilfuels.A.Forgetfastfashion. B.Behaveyourselfinpublic.C.Whileshopping,turnupwithyourowncontainer.D.Universitycampuscanbeaperfectplaceforthis.E.Cuttingoutmeatisaneasywaytoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.F.Herearesomeideasabouthowyoucanbesustainableasastudent.G.Forfreshers,livingalonemeansdoingyourownwashing,cookingandcleaning.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大学生如何开始环保生活。【16题详解】根据上文“Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.(对于开始大学新篇章的新生来说，决定如何生活是至关重要的)”可知下文主要是介绍大学生如何开始环保生活的建议。F项“这里有一些关于你如何作为一个可持续的学生的想法”承接上文，且引领下文，符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】本段是就学生盘中的食物方面给出建议。根据上文“Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(过度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.(肉类和奶制品的消费导致了过度的土地使用、工业排放、用水和森林砍伐)”可知对肉类和奶制品的消费会导致过度的土地使用，工业废气排放，水资源浪费和沙漠化，所以E项“不吃肉是减少碳足迹的一种简单方法”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.(把衣服保存得越久越好，这不仅仅是金钱上的价值。在英国，服装对环境的影响仅次于住房、交通和食品。所以回收你的衣服或修补它们)”本句是一个段落主旨句。根据段落主旨句的特点（祈使句）和内容（穿衣时尚）可知A项“忘掉快时尚吧”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(卫生的)products.(在较低的温度下洗衣服，并选择竹牙刷或更环保的卫生产品)”可知，本段就如何改变学生的日常生活习惯方面提出建议。故G选项“对于新手来说，独自生活意味着自己洗衣服、做饭和打扫卫生”符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】 根据上文“Butcampaigningisimportant,too.(学生运动很重要)”可知，本段主要是强调在保持环保生活习惯方面，各种学生运动所起到的作用。故D项“大学校园是一个完美的可开展学生运动的场所”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteIWanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils(水仙花).It____21____abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism(浪漫主义).Whatmakesthispoema(n)____22____ofRomanticthinking?Itisn’tthatWordsworth____23____towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthesceneasifithadhuman____24____.Forhim,natureisnotonlyaneutral(无感情色彩的)____25____ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair.Itisa____26____forcethatfeelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeingsandshowusthebeautyoflife.Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular____27____intheLakeDistrict.Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill____28____nowregardlessofthechangeofthetime.Theplace,whereWordsworthsawthedaffodils,isatthesouthernmostendofthelake.Whenyouarewalkinginthe____29____ofWilliamfromtwocenturiesago,thefirstgroupofdaffodilsappear,buttheyaren’ttallyellowtrumpets(小号状的花)____30____swinginginthegentlewindasdescribedinWordsworth’s____31____.Theyarejusttinywilddaffodilsgroupedaroundindividualtreesratherthan____32____together.Butasyoulooknorth,frombesideahugeancientoaktree,yourealizethisiswhat____33____Wordsworth:groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursightsothatthey____34____abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet.Whatyou’reseeingatlastisnaturetransformedbyhumansightand____35____.21.A.expressesB.raisesC.breaksD.compares22.A.causeB.seriesC.exampleD.proposal23.A.volunteersB.choosesC.refusesD.hesitates24.A.identitiesB.emotionsC.appearancesD.characters25.A.balanceB.shapeC.patternD.mixture26.A.violentB.economicC.physicalD.living27.A.masterpiecesB.destinationsC.activitiesD.performances28.A.shakesB.escapesC.survivesD.responds 29.A.footprintB.directionC.possessionD.charge30.A.proudlyB.casuallyC.sharplyD.regularly31.A.sightB.mindC.memoryD.poem32.A.floatingB.waitingC.collectingD.trembling33.A.confusedB.delightedC.persuadedD.confirmed34.A.formB.decorateC.destroyD.change35.A.capabilityB.flexibilityC.expectationD.imagination【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.D26.D27.B28.C29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国著名诗人威廉·华兹华斯的诗歌风格以及他的故居鸽子农舍的景色。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神。A.expresses表达；B.raises筹集；C.breaks打破；D.compares比较。根据后文“abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism”此处指这首诗歌中表达的是精神是早起英国浪漫主义。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是什么使这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的范例？A.cause原因；B.series系列；C.example例子；D.proposal提议。上文提到《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》这首诗表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神，说明这首诗是一个浪漫主义思想的范例。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A.volunteers志愿；B.chooses选择；C.refuses拒绝；D.hesitates犹豫。根据后文“towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthescene”可知，这首诗之所以可以成为浪漫主义思想的范例，不在于华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A.identities身份；B.emotions情感；C.appearances外观；D.characters特性。根据后文“feelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeings”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌中自然有人类的情感。故选B。【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。A.balance平衡；B.shape形状；C.pattern模式；D.mixture混合。根据后文“ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair”指自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一种生命的力量，它能感受快乐和悲伤，甚至试图教育我们人类，向我们展示生活的美好。A.violent暴力的；B.economic经济的；C.physical身体的；D.living活着的。根据后文“feelsjoyandsadness”能感受到快乐和悲伤是生命的力量，livingforce表示“生命力”。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。A.masterpieces杰作；B.destinations目的地；C.activities活动；D.performances表现。根据上文“Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular”可知，华兹华斯是著名诗人，所以华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以去参观花园，在那里，尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。A.shakes摇晃；B.escapes逃走；C.survives幸存；D.responds回复。根据上文“Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill”以及后文提到了去看水仙花，可知尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.footprint脚印；B.direction方向；C.possession财产；D.charge收费。根据上文“Whenyouarewalkinginthe”与行走对应的是足迹，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.proudly骄傲地；B.casually随意地；C.sharply尖锐地；D.regularly定期地。根据后文“Theyarejusttinywilddaffodils”描述了水仙花真正的样子，可推知华兹华斯的诗歌中水仙花在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.sight看见；B.mind思维；C.memory记忆；D.poem诗歌。结合第一段“TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteI WanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils.(两百年前，英国诗人威廉·华兹华斯写了《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，这首诗的灵感来自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花)”可知，此处指他是个中描述的水仙花。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们只是小小的野生水仙花，簇生在一棵棵树周围，而不是聚集在一起。A.floating漂浮；B.waiting等待；C.collecting收集，聚集；D.trembling颤抖。根据上文“groupedaroundindividualtrees”可知，水仙花是一簇簇生长，而不是聚在一起的。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A.confused使困惑；B.delighted使高兴；C.persuaded说服；D.confirmed确认。根据后文“groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursight”的描述可知，华兹华斯当时看到一簇簇水仙花，从左到右展开，但在你的视线中汇聚在一起，这一场景让他高兴，所以写下了著名的诗歌。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A.form形成；B.decorate装饰；C.destroy破坏；D.change改变。根据后文“abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet”指水仙花形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最终看到的是经过人类视觉和想象力改造的自然。A.capability能力；B.flexibility灵活性；C.expectation期待；D.imagination想象力。根据上文“forcethatfeelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeingsandshowusthebeautyoflife”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌不仅仅描述了眼睛所见，他还把自然形容成有情感的生物，即充满了想象力。故选D。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共55分）第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ManyChinesecitiesandprovinces,includingBeijing,Chongqing,Tianjin,HenanandShandong,____36____(experience)burningheatwavescausedbyglobalwarmingandtheElNinophenomenonsincethestartofthissummer.Asaresult,it’scommontoseepeoplefully____37____(equip)withsunprotectiongearas theybravetheheatoutdoors.Sustainedhightemperatureshavedriventhecountry’s“sunscreeneconomy”growth.Meanwhile,theconsumergroupsforsunscreenproductsaregraduallydiversifying,____38____(expand)fromtraditionalfemaleconsumerstomalesandchildren,leadingto____39____(continue)growthinsunscreenmarketforthelattergroups.Apart____40____sunscreenproducts,thehightemperatureshavealsoboostedthesalesofsummercoolingandrefreshingproducts.MeituanWaimai,amajorfood____41____(deliver)platforminChina,hasseen____42____sharpincreaseinthesalesoficedbeverages,beer,icecream,fans,andothercoolingproductsduringthehotweatherseason.Becauseofthehightemperatures,traveling____43____(escape)thesummerheathasalsobecomepopularformanytravelers,____44____areattractedtosomecooldestinationsacrossthecountry,andtravel_____45_____(agency)areofferingdiversetourismproductstocatertothisgrowingtrend.【答案】36.haveexperienced##havebeenexperiencing37.equipped38.expanding39.continuous##continuing40.from41.delivery42.a43.toescape44.who45.agencies【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了今年夏天的炎热天气拉动了居民的“热消费”。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自今年夏初以来，由于全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象，包括北京、重庆、天津、河南和山东在内的中国许多省市都经历了或正在经历灼热的热浪。根据句意及时间状语sincethestartofthissummer可知，此处可用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响；或用现在完成进行时，表示过去发生的动作持续不间断发生，并可能持续下去，主语为ManyChinesecitiesandprovinces,，助动词用have。故填haveexperienced/havebeenexperiencing。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，人们在户外勇敢地面对炎热的天气时，经常会戴上防晒装备。seesb.fullyequipped意为“看到某人全副武装”，此处为过去分词做宾补，故填equipped。【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，防晒产品的消费群体也逐渐多样化，从传统的女性消费者向男性和儿童消费者扩展，导致后者的防晒市场持续增长。分析句子结构可知，expand与逻辑主语theconsumergroups构成主动关系，故用现在分词短语做状语，起到补充说明的作用。故填expanding。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，防晒产品的消费群体也逐渐多样化，从传统的女性消费者向男性和儿童消费者扩展，导致后者的防晒市场持续增长。根据上下文可知，此处应该用形容词continuous或continuing“持续的”修饰growth。故填continuous/continuing。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：除了防晒产品，高温也促进了夏季清凉产品的销售。短语apartfrom表示“除……之外”之意。故填from。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：美团外卖是中国主要的外卖平台，在炎热的天气里，冰饮料、啤酒、冰淇淋、风扇和其他制冷产品的销量急剧增长。根据本句意思可知，美团是一个大型的食物运送平台，应用名词delivery，作定语修饰platform。故填delivery。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：美团外卖是中国主要的外卖平台，在炎热的天气里，冰饮料、啤酒、冰淇淋、风扇和其他制冷产品的销量急剧增长。表示“急剧增长”短语为asharpincrease。故填a。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于高温，避暑旅游也成为许多游客的热门选择，他们被全国各地一些凉爽的目的地所吸引，旅行社也推出了各种旅游产品来迎合这一日益增长的趋势。分析句子结构可知此处为不定式做目的状语。故填toescape。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于高温，避暑旅游也成为许多游客的热门选择，他们被全国各地一些凉爽的目的地所吸引，旅行社也推出了各种旅游产品来迎合这一日益增长的趋势。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词travelers，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：由于高温，避暑旅游也成为许多游客的热门选择，他们被全国各地一些凉爽的目的地所吸引，旅行社也推出了各种旅游产品来迎合这一日益增长的趋势。根据下文are可知此处应该用名词的复数形式travelagencies（旅行社）。故填agencies。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假设你是校英文编辑李华，你校将开设相关专栏，向全校同学征稿，向外国朋友宣传第十九届杭州亚运会。请你用英文写一则征稿启事。内容包括：1.征文名称；2.征文要求（内容，词数）；3.投稿邮箱：asiangames@163.com.注意：1.词数80词左右；2.参考词汇：第十九届杭州亚运会the19thHangzhouAsianGames3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ContributionsWanted____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheEnglishNewspaper【答案】参考范文：ContributionsWantedTopromotethe19thHangzhouAsianGamestoforeigners,wehaveestablishedanewcolumncalled“AthletesintheAsianGames”forournewspaper,andwewouldlikeyoutowritearticlesforthiscolumn.Yourwritingshouldbetothepoint,includingtheathletes’majorexperiences,achievementsandhowtheyhaveinspiredyou.Youcanwritestories,essays,orpoems,butremembertocomposeitinEnglishandlimititto400words.Whatdeservesyourspecialattentionisthatoriginalityisamust.Anyoneinterestediswelcometosubmityourworktoasiangames@163.combeforeSeptember15th.Youractiveparticipationishighlyanticipated.TheEnglishNewspaper【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是校英文编辑李华，你校将开设相关专栏，向全校同学征稿，向外国朋友宣传第十九届杭州亚运会。请你用英文写一则征稿启事。【详解】1.词汇积累期待：anticipate→expect建立：establish→buildup激励：inspire→encourage 提交：submit→handin2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Youcanwritestories,essays,orpoems,butremembertocomposeitinEnglishandlimititto400words.拓展句：Youcanwritestories,essays,orpoems,whichshouldbecomposedinEnglishandlimitto400words.【点睛】[高分句型1]Topromotethe19thHangzhouAsianGamestoforeigners,wehaveestablishedanewcolumncalled“AthletesintheAsianGames”forournewspaper,andwewouldlikeyoutowritearticlesforthiscolumn.(运用了不定式作目的状语和过去分词作定语)[高分句型2]Whatdeservesyourspecialattentionisthatoriginalityisamust.(运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Whysheletoutmysecret?whyshedidthattome?”IvividlyrememberedthatdaywhenIwasconfusedattheknowinglookswhicheveryonegaveme.Thatterribleexperiencewasimprinted(铭刻)onmymind.Icouldn’tforgivethepersonwithwhomIhadsharedmysecret.Shelostallmytrustandfriendship.Fiveyearsback,Sallywasanewadditioninourclass.Idon’tknowwhatbuttherewassomethingstickyaboutherthatattractedmetowardsher.ShewasthemostfriendlypersonIknew.Westartedasclassmatesbutafterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends.Wedidhomeworktogetheranddreamedofgoingtothesameuniversityoneday.Wehungoutandwenttothemoviesonweekends.Thatwasasweettime.Nevertheless,Icouldn’texpectsuchanenormousbetrayalfromher.Ididn’tknowwhatmademetellSallyaboutmypersonallife.Ifeltmuchregrettomyself.Sheexaggerated(夸大)thematter,addedherownspicestoitandmadeitthehottesttopicinschool.Itwaslikesomeonehadstabbedaknifeinmyback.Aftersherevealedmysecret,everyoneatschoolstartedlaughingatmeandgazingatmewhereverIpassed.Iwaslikeapondinwhichsomeonehadthrownastoneandithadbeenspilledup.ItwasthemostembarrassingtimeIhadgonethrough.Soonafterwards,Ileftschoolandshiftedtoanotherone,becauseIthoughtnoonehadtherighttolaughatme.SallycalledmemanytimesbutIdidn’tanswer.MyheartwasbrokenbecausethepersonwhomItrustedmostcheatedme.Imadeeffortstoremovethescarfrommyheart.Istartedanewlife,leavingallthebadmemoriesbehind,becausetheymademeapersonwhooftenthoughtaboutthepastexperiences.Fiveyearslater,withthelifegoingon,Imadenewfriendsandseldomthoughtaboutthepast.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButonedayImetAnnainthemarket,myformerclassmate,whotoldmeshockingnews.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IimmediatelycalledSallyinordertoexplainthemisunderstanding.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ButonedayImetAnnainthemarket,myformerclassmate,whotoldmeshockingnews.AnnasaidthatafterIleftschoolthegossipsoondisappeared.Everyoneinourclassmissedme.BecauseIleftwithoutsayinggoodbye,Sallywassadforalongtime.Andtomyamazement,shetoldmethatSallywasnottheonewhobroughtmysecrettolight.ItwasMarywhohadabigmouthandalwayswantedtoputhernoseinotherpeople’smatters.ShehappenedtooverhearmyconversationwithSally.Iwasallatsea,feelingthatthefloorhadslippedawaybeneathmyfeet.Anxiousandregretful,IaskedAnnaforanycontactwithSally.IimmediatelycalledSallyinordertoexplainthemisunderstanding.Aftergettingthrough,Isincerelyapologizedtoher.Shesaidsoftly:“Nevermind.Wearegoodfriends.”Iwasintears,guiltandjoy.Atthatmoment,Iwishedithadnothappened.IwishedtimecouldgobackandIcouldovercomemymistake.FromthatIgotalessoninlifethatweshouldlearntotrustourlovedones,becausealittlemistakecanleadustoruinwhatweshouldvalue.Trustisthefoundationalprinciplethatholdsfriendship.Trustisalsotheeasiestthingintheworldtolose.Weneedtobeopenandtrustourfriends.【解析】【分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者跟萨莉结为好友，跟她分享自己私密事情，结果秘密被同学知道，并且添油加醋害的作者被同学嘲笑，所以作者果断转学，之后萨莉打电话，作者也不接，在后来一次在市场遇到以前同学安娜知道事情真相的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“但有一天，我在市场上遇到了安娜，我以前的同学，她告诉我一个令人震惊的消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者知道了事情真相。②由第二段首句内容“我立即打电话给莎莉，向她解释这个误会。”可知，第二段可描写作者和好友莎莉重归于好。2.续写线索：真相大白——打电话——道歉——重归于好——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①爱打听别的事：putone’snoseinotherpeople’smatters/inquisitive②揭露秘密：bringone’ssecrettolight/exposeasecret情绪类①令人震惊：shocking/surprising②哭了：beintears/cry【点睛】[高分句型1]ButonedayImetAnnainthemarket,myformerclassmate,whotoldmeshockingnews.这句话运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。[高分句型2]ItwasMarywhohadabigmouthandalwayswantedtoputhernoseinotherpeople’smatters.这句话运用了强调句。