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2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考试题英语试卷一、阅读选择Here’salltheinformationyouneedtoknowaboutgettingamembershiptoSam’sClub.Exploreallthemembershipoffersbelow!Sam’sClubAnnualMembership.Sam’sClubhastwoannualmembershipoptions,ClubMembershipandPlusMembership:*ClubMembership:Thisisthestandardmembershiplevelandcosts$50peryear.*PlusMembership:Thisisthetopmembershiplevelandcosts$110peryear.ThoughthePlusMembershipismoreexpensive,itgetsyouanadditional2%backonyourpurchases(upto$500ayear)Sam’sClub3-MonthFreeTrialMembershipASam’sClub3-monthFreeTrialMembershipallowsyoutoexperienceeverythingthataClubMembershipgetsfor90days.Thisfreetrialofferislimitedtonewmembersonlyandyoucanonlygetoneofthesetrialmembershipsperhousehold(一家人).Thetrialmembershipissetuptoauto-renew(自动续订)andyouwillbecomeaclubmemberattheendofthethree-monthperiodautomatically,sobesuretocancelbefore90daysisup.Youcancancelatanytimeduringthefreetrialbycalling1-888-746-7726.Sam’sClub1-DayShoppingPassSam’sCluboffersal-DayShoppingPass,whichallowsnon-membergueststoshopatSam’sClubfor24hourswithoutamembership.Thoughitcamewithafewrestrictions:*Shoppingusinga1-DayShoppingPasswillbechargeda10%feeonallpurchases.*AGuestMembershipisactivefor24hoursstartingatthetimeofpurchases.*Scan&Gocanonlybeusedbymembersandisnotavailableforguests.1．HowmuchshouldaPlusMembershipuserpayforsomethingboughtbyaClubMembershipuserpricedat$30?（）A．$28.8．B．$29.4．C．$30．D．$30.6．2．Whatdoweknowaboutthe3-MonthFreeTrialMembership?（）A．ItofferslessbenefitthanaClubMembership.B．Onecancancelitanytimebeforetheendof90days.C．Onecangettwoofthesetrialmembershipsperhousehold.
D．Itisnecessaryforyoutophoneifyouwanttobecomeaclubmember.3．Whyisthe1-DayShoppingPassprovided?（）A．Itisfornon-membergueststopurchasethings.B．Shoppingwiththepasswillgeta10%discount.C．Scan&.Gocanbeavailabletothosewiththepass.D．Thosewiththepasscanenjoythetop-levelservice.OutinthewoodsstoodanicelittleFirTree.Itwasthesunshiningonhimandthefreshairsurroundinghimthatmadehimgorgeous.Insummer,childrenoftencameandsatdownnearhimandsaid,“Whatanicelittlefir!”Inwinter,whenthesnowlayglitteringontheground,aharehoppedoverthelittletree.Butheneverfeltanypleasure.WhatthelittleFirwantedsomuchwastogrowintoabigtreeashisneighbors.“Oh!WereIbutsuchahightreeastheothersare,”thoughthe.“ThenIshouldbeabletospreadoutmybranches,andwiththetopstolookintothewideworld!”WhenChristmascame,quiteyoungtreeswiththefinestlookingwerecutdown.AndsowastheFirTree.Hefoundhimself,inthemiddleoftheliving-room,stuckuprightinabucketthatwasfilledwithsandanddecoratedwiththemostsplendidthings-apples,colorfullightsandattheverytopalargegoldenstar,whichmadehimincomparablybeautiful.“Whatasplendor!”thoughttheFirTree,believinghewouldtakeroothereandforeverstandcoveredwithdecorations!However,thesplendornevercamebackagain.AftertheChristmas,theservantdraggedhimoutoftheroom,andupthestairsintotheloftinadarkcorner,wherenodaylightcouldenter.“Ifitonlywerenotsodarkhere,andsoterriblylonely.Notevenahare!”hesighed.“TheysurelystoredmehereforthenextChristmas.”Oneday,thetreewaspulledoutandamandrewhimtowardsthestairs,wherethedaylightshone.Feelingthefreshairandthefirstsunbeam,nowhewasoutinthecourtyard.Seeingallthebeautyoftheflowersandthefreshnessinthegarden,hefirmlybelievedhewouldbereplantedthere.“Nowamerrylifewillbeginagain,”thoughtthetree,spreadingouthisbranchesonlytofindtheywereallwitheredandyellow！Whenseeingthegardenergettingclosewithanaxe(斧头),herecalledhisfirstyouthinthewoodandsighedsodeeply!Eachsighwaslikeashot.4．WhatcanweknowabouttheFirTree?（）A．Hewaswillingtobeasmalltree.B．HewassatisfiedtobeaChristmastree.
C．Hewasmadattheharejumpingoverhim.D．Hewaseagertobethetallesttreeinthewoods.5．WhichwordcanbestdescribetheFir’sfeelingwhenpulledoutintothecourtyard?（）A．Hopeful.B．Lonely.C．Free.D．Anxious.6．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheFir’sfate?（）A．Hewouldbetreatedasfirewood.B．Hewouldbereplantedinthegarden.C．Hewouldbetakenbacktotheforest.D．HewouldbestoredforthenextChristmas.7．Whatcanweconcludefromthisstory?（）A．Ifyou’refailingtoplan,thenyou’replanningtofail.B．Livefortodaybecausetomorrowisnotpromised.C．Lifeisnotaboutfallingdownbutgettingbackup.D．Ifyoudreamandbelieveit,thenyoucanachieveit.ScotCase,VicePresidentoftheenvironmentalmarketingfirmTerraChoice,wasnothappy.Caselastyearsenthisresearchersintoabig-boxretailstoretoevaluatethegreenadvertisingclaimsofsomeoftheproductsonitsshelves.Theresultswereshocking,ofthe1,018productsTerraChoicesurveyed,allbutonefailedtoliveupfullytotheirgreenboasts.Hecouldn’tbelievetheresult,andhadhisteamredothesurvey,buttheresultscamebackthesame.“Itjustshowswe’reawashingreenwash.”Hesaid.Manyconsumersmaynothaveheardthetermgreenwashing,butthey’vesurelyexperiencedit—misleadingmarketingabouttheenvironmentalbenefitsofaproduct.Greenwashingisn’tnew—eversincetheenvironmentwasanissueintheearly1970s.Asgoinggreenhasbecomebigbusiness,environmentaladvocatesworrythattrulygreencompaniescouldgetlostinthesituation.“Wehavesuchachallengeaheadofusonclimatechange,saysKevinTuerff,aco-founderofthemarketingconsultancyEnviroMedia.“Greenwashingharmstheeffortweneedtobemaking.”Thefirststeptocleaningupgreenwashingistoidentifyit,andTuerffandhispartnershavehitonaninnovativewaytospotlightparticularlyabnormalexamples.They’velaunchedtheGreenwashingIndexawebsitethatallowsconsumerstopostadsthatmightbeexamplesofgreenwashingandratethemonascaleof1to5—1isalittlegreenlie;Sisabiggreenlie.
It’sasimpledevice,butitshowsthepoweroftheInternetouncovermisleadingadswithasimpleWebsearch,anyconsumercanfindouttheindextheywanttoknow.Googlingisn’ttheonlywaytotakeoutthegreenwashing,however.TheTerraChoicewebsiteoffersalistofwhatitcallsthe“sixsinsofgreenwashing”—sixsimplesignsthatshouldremindconsumersofacompanythatismoreinterestedinsellingtheearththansavingit.“Wehavebettergreenproductsbutalotofexaggerated(夸张的)claims,”saysCase.“Thatcouldbeenoughtodestroythewholegreenmovement”—andthat’snotalittlegreenlie.8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutgreenwashing?（）A．Itisharmfulfortheenvironment.B．Itisaspecialwaytowashsoastosavewater.C．Itisenvironment-friendlysoitshouldbeadvocated.D．Itisbeneficialforboththeconsumersandthecompanies.9．Whichmeasureshouldbeusedtotacklethegreenwashing?（）A．Holdinghearingstotellgenuineenvironmentalclaimsfromfalseones.B．LaunchingtheGreenwashingIndexawebsitetoexposegreenwashing.C．Offeringalistof“sixsinsofgreenwashing”forcompanies’reference.D．UpdatingGreenGuideforconsumerswhichhasn’tchangedsince1998.10．WhichofthefollowingshowsNOsignofgreenwashing?（）A．Organicproductsbutwithoutanycertificates.B．Energy-efficientproductsmadeofharmfulmaterial.C．Foodwhichislowinnutritionbuthighincalorie.D．Pesticideswhicharesaidtobeenvironment-friendly.11．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?（）A．Theeffortonenvironmentalprotection.B．Theadvocationofgreenadvertisements.C．Thedistinctionbetweengreenproductsandcommonones.D．Thedistinctionbetweenrealenvironmentalclaimsandfalseones.Therainforestsarealivewiththesoundofanimals.Besidesthepleasureofthedin,itisalsousefultoecologists.Ifyouwanttomeasurethebiodiversityofapieceofland,listeningoutforanimalcallsismucheasierthandiggingaboutintheundergrowthlookingfortracks.Butsuch“bio-acousticanalysis”isstill
time-consuming,anditrequiresanexpertpairofears.InapaperpublishedonOctober17thinNatureCommunications,agroupofresearchersledbyJörgMüller,anecologistattheUniversityofWürzburg,describeabetterway:haveacomputerdothejob.Smartphoneappsalreadyexistthatwillidentifybirds,batsormammalssimplybylisteningtothesoundstheymake.Theirideawastoapplytheprincipletoconservationwork.Theresearcherstookrecordingsfromacross43sitesintheEcuadoreanrainforest.Soundrecordingsweretakenfourtimeseveryhour,overtwoweeks.Thevariouscallswereidentifiedmanuallybyanexpert,andthenusedtoconstructalistofthespeciespresent.Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,thegreaterthebiodiversityithosted.Thenitwasthecomputer’sturn.Theresearchersfedtheirrecordingstoartificial-intelligencemodelsthathadbeentrained,usingsoundsamplesfromelsewhereinEcuador,toidentify75birdspeciesfromtheircalls.“WefoundthattheAItoolscouldidentifythesoundsaswellastheexperts,”saysDrMüller.Ofcourse,noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.DrMüllerandhiscolleaguesusedlight-trapstocapturenight-flyinginsects,andDNAanalysistoidentifythem.Reassuringly,theyfoundthatthediversityofnoisyanimalswasareliableproxy(指标)forthediversityofthequieterones,too.Theresultsmayhaverelevanceoutsideecologydepartments,too.Underpressurefromtheircustomers,firmssuchasL’Oreal,amake-upcompany,andShell,anoilfirm,havebeenspendingmoneyonforestrestorationprojectsaroundtheworld.DrMüllerhopesthatanautomatedapproachtocheckingontheresultscouldhelpmonitorsuchefforts,andgiveastandardizedwaytomeasurewhethertheyareworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.12．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDrMüller’smethodofbio-acousticanalysis?（）A．Costly.B．Impractical.C．High-tech.D．Labor-consuming.13．WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchofDrMüller?（）A．Thespeciesintherainforestshaveincreased.B．Agriculturalactivitynegativelyinfluencedtherichnessinspecies.C．TherearemorereliablesoundrecordingsinEcuadoreanrainforest.D．TrainedAImodelscanidentifyasmanykindsofsoundsasexperts.14．WhydidtheDrMüllerandhiscolleaguesdothesurveyinParagraph5?（）A．Tofigureoutthespeciesofquieteranimals.B．Toconfirmthebiodiversityofthequieteranimals.C．Toemphasizethebiodiversityofthenoisyanimals.
D．Tocomparethenoisyanimalsandthequieterones.15．What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?（）A．Theinvestmentinbio-acousticanalysis.B．Theimportanceofforestrestorationprojects.C．Thestandardtomeasuretheautomatedapproach.D．Theresearch’simpactonforestrestorationprojects.Boundariesarepersonalguidelinesthatdefinewhatisandisn’tokayinyourinterpersonalrelationships.Aseveryonehasdifferentneedsandcomfortlevels,theymayappeardifferentforeachperson.Havinghealthyboundariesmayprovidesuchbenefitsasavoidingburnout,boostingself-esteemandmaintainingpersonalspace.16Aftersettingyourboundaries,it’shelpfultoreviewthemonaregularbasistoremainrelevanttoyourlifecircumstances.17Thewayyousetthemreflectsyourattitudetotakingresponsibilityinlife.Takingthetimetothinkaboutyourwantsandneedsindifferentsituationswillhelpyouunderstandhowyourvaluesinfluenceboundary-setting.Onceyouhavemadethelistofyourvalues,needs,andwants,usethatknowledgetoestablishclearboundariesthatrespectyourselfandthosearoundyou.Onceyouhaveidentifiedyourboundaries,itisimportanttocommunicatethemeffectively.18Expressyourideasinanopenandstraightforwardmanner;speakupforyourselfsothatotherscanhear,understandandrespectyourneeds.Additionally,takeastepbackiftensionsariseduringaconversationaboutsettingboundaries.Allowyourselfortheotherpersontocooldownbeforerestartingtheconversation.19Whenlearninghowtosethealthyboundaries,itisessentialtolearnhowtosay“no”.Saying“yes”toeverythingcanleadtostress,burnout,andfrustration.Itisimportanttounderstandwhatyouconsideracceptableandunacceptable,settinglimitsthatreflectthosestandards.20Ifthesituationpersists,removeyourselffromitrespectfully.Youdeservemorethansurroundingyourselfwithpeoplewhodon’tvalueyourvalues.A．Honestyandrespectplayanessentialkeyroleintheprocess.B．Initially,youaresupposedtoidentifyyourpersonalboundaries.C．Whenyoufeelthatsomeonehascrossedyourboundaries,remindthem.D．Therefore,settinghealthyboundariesisofvitalimportanceinsocialactivities.E．Keepsaying“no”tothingsyoudisapproveofhelpstounderstandyourselfbetter.F．Thiscontributestofindingpossiblesolutionstoissuesregardingboundary-setting.G．Pickuptheconversationunlessthereappearsanotherargumentneededtobesettled.
二、完形填空Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.Ihadjustspentthelastthreehoursreachingtheairport.Now,asthebusdriversetmy21ontheairportsidewalk,Irealizedthatmy22journeyhadonlyjustbegun.Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalterminaloftheairport.Icouldn’t23anysignandnothingwasfamiliar,soIbeganto24.Itriedtoaskapassingbusinessmanfordirections,butmywordsallcameout25.Hejust26andwalkedaway.Anotherbusarrived,andthepassengerscameout.Herewasmy27!Ifollowedthem,finallyreachingtheelevators.No!Therewasnotenough28forme.Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.Iwas29again!Whentheelevatorreturned,Igotonitand30pressedbutton3．Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa31lobby(大厅)!Whatwasasurprisewasthatjustthenanelderlyairportemployeecamearoundthecorner.HesawthatIwas32andaskedifhecouldhelp.HegavemehishandkerchieftodrymyeyesasI33mysituation,thenledmedownalonghallway.Atlast,therewascustoms!HeleftbeforeIsaidsomething,butIwillalwaysrememberhis34kindness.IcanonlyhopethatIwillsupportotherswhoare35inaterriblejourney.21．A．ticketB．luggageC．passportD．wheelchair22．A．pleasantB．familiarC．nervousD．important23．A．noticeB．understandC．observeD．foresee24．A．suspectB．panicC．regretD．compromise25．A．clearB．rightC．wrongD．slow26．A．frownedB．noddedC．yelledD．sighed27．A．proposalB．responseC．attemptD．chance28．A．demandB．respectC．assistanceD．room29．A．abandonedB．offendedC．fooledD．delayed30．A．gentlyB．firmlyC．secretlyD．randomly31．A．desertedB．tinyC．spaciousD．decorated32．A．lockedB．lostC．trickedD．arrested33．A．reflectedB．recalledC．relatedD．regarded34．A．unchangingB．unendingC．unexpectedD．unexpressed35．A．strugglingB．waitingC．hesitatingD．risking
三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShenzhouXVIcrewreturnedtoEarthonTuesdaymorning,36(conclude)ahistoricfive-monthmission.Thespaceship’sreentrycapsule,carryingmissioncommanderMajorGeneralJingHaipeng,ColonelZhuYangzhuandProfessorGuiHaichao,37(touch)downat8:11amafterflyingnearly12hoursonitsreturnjourney.Aftersafetychecksoutside,theastronauts38(carry)outandplacedonchairsinfrontofthecapsule,andtheysharedtheir39(experience)withareporterinaliveprogram.Jingsaidtheywereexcitedto“returntoourmotherland”andthattheorbitalstayinsidetheTiangongspacestationwas40“verycooljourney”.Hesaidhisteammatesperformed41(excellent)duringthemission,theygotalongverywell42oneanotherandtogethermanaged43(honor)theircommitmenttothemotherlandandthepeople.Zhu,44isChina’sfirstspaceflightengineerinspace,saidtheycoordinatedwellinsuccessfullycompletingvarioustasks.Gui,thecountry’sfirstcivilianastronaut45firstpayload(载荷)expertinspace,saidthateachdayofthemissionwasbusyandmemorable.四、书信写作46．我们学校即将举办科技节，现就举办科技节开幕式的场所（学校体育馆或校外某科技场馆）广泛征询同学们的意见。假设你是我校学生李华，请你给学校写一封电子邮件，发表你的看法。内容需包括：1.你的选择；2.说明理由。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whenmysister,Dona,andIwerelittlekids,myparentsbothjoinedthearmy.Theystayedfarawayfromourtownandhardlyreturnedhome.Mygrandpatookonthebigresponsibilityoftakingcareofus.Still,withoutourparentsbyourside,DonaandIsometimesfeltlonelyandsad,especiallyonewinter.OnemorninginthatwinterwhenDonaandIweresittinginourbedroom,dullandquiet,Grandpasaid,“Mydear,howabouttryingskatingforfun?”Ourfacesimmediatelylitupandweansweredtogether,“Great,we
surelylikeit,Grandpa!”Hesmiledandquicklysetaboutbuildingusaskatingrink(溜冰场)inouryard.Theprocessofbuildingaskatingrinkwasnoteasy.First,Grandpalaidoutlongwoodenboardsaroundtheyard.Next,hemadethebaseoftherinkflat.Grandpathenbegansprayingthewater,lightlyatfirst,untilthefirstlayeroficewasestablished.Hewouldthenputsomewaterontotheiceeachnight.Andthus,theicebecamethickerandthicker.Inthedarknessofthenight,fromthekitchenwindowDonaandIwatchedGrandpawithgreatexpectations.Hisbackandshouldersroundedtoprotecthimfromthefreezingwind.Hestoodalone,busyinghimselfcreatingaperfectskatingrinkforus.Theonlylightwasfromthemoonandstars.Onenight,Grandpasuddenlypressedhiswaistandthelookonhisfaceshowedhewaspainful.Quiteconcerned,DonaandIrushedoutandasked,“Grandpa!What’swrong?”“Mywaistispainful.Don’tworry!I’llbefinejustafteralittlerest,”hesmiled.DonaandIofferedtohelpcreatetherink.Buthesaiditwastoocoldoutsideatnightandthatbuildingtherinkneedsmuchexperienceandlotsofskills.Then,wegaveuptheideaofofferinghimahand,butdemandedhebuildtherinkafewdayslater.Seeingweweredetermined,hewalkedintotheroomwithusandhadwarmtea.Beforelong,DonaandIweretiredandwenttobed.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Whenwefellasleep,Grandpaquietlywalkedoutintotheyard.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Amazed,wehurriedlyputontheskatingequipmentandrushedout._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：1．B2．B3．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了成为山姆会员所需要知道的相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据SamsClubAnmualMembership部分中“ThoughthePlusMembershipismoreexpensive,itgetsyouanadditional2%backonyourpurchases(upto$500ayear)(虽然Plus会员更贵，但它可以让你在购物时额外获得2%的折扣（每年最多500美元）)”可知，俱乐部会员以30美元的价格购买的东西，Plus会员应该支付30×98%=29.4美元。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据Sam’sClub3-MonthFreeTrialMembership部分中“Thetrialmembershipissetuptoauto-renew(自动续订)andyouwillbecomeaclubmemberattheendofthethree-monthperiodautomatically,sobesuretocancelbefore90daysisup.Youcancancelatanytimeduringthefreetrialbycalling1-888-746-7726.(试用会员设置为自动续订，您将在三个月的期限结束时自动成为俱乐部会员，因此请务必在90天届满之前取消。您可以在免费试用期间随时取消，请拨打1-888-746-7726)”可知，3个月免费试用会员，可以在90天结束前随时取消它。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据Sam’sClub1-DayShoppingPass部分中“Sam’sCluboffersal-DayShoppingPass,whichallowsnon-membergueststoshopatSam’sClubfor24hourswithoutamembership.(山姆会员店提供l-Day购物卡，允许非会员客人在没有会员资格的情况下在山姆会员店购物24小时)”可知，提供1日购物通票是为了让非会员客人到山姆会员店买东西。故选A。4．B5．A6．A7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一棵冷杉树从小树到柴火的故事。4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Hefoundhimself,inthemiddleoftheliving-room,stuckuprightinabucketthatwasfilledwithsandanddecoratedwiththemostsplendidthings-apples,colorfullightsandattheverytopalargegoldenstar,whichmadehimincomparablybeautiful.(他发现自己站在客厅的中央，笔直地站在一个装满沙子的桶里，桶里装饰着最灿烂的东西——苹果、五彩缤纷的灯光，最上面还有一颗金色的大星星，这使他变得无比美丽)”以及第四段“‘Whatasplendor!’thoughttheFirTree,believinghewouldtakeroothereandforeverstandcoveredwithdecorations!(‘多么辉煌啊！’冷杉树想，他相信自己会在这里扎根，永远站在那里，浑身都是装饰品！)”可知，冷杉树很乐意成为一棵圣诞树。故选B项。5．推理判断题。根据第七段“Feelingthefreshairandthefirstsunbeam,nowhewasoutinthecourtyard.Seeingallthebeautyoftheflowersandthefreshnessinthegarden,hefirmlybelievedhewouldbereplantedthere.(他感觉到了新鲜的空气和第一缕阳光，现在已经到了院子里。看到花园里鲜花的美丽和新鲜，他坚信自己会在那里重新种植)”和第八段“Nowamerrylifewillbeginagain(现在快乐的生活将重新开始)”可知，他此刻是满怀希望的。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第八段“Whenseeingthegardenergettingclosewithanaxe(斧头),herecalledhisfirstyouthinthewoodandsighedsodeeply!Eachsighwaslikeashot.(当看到园丁拿着斧头走近时，他想起了自己在树林里的第一个青春，深深地叹了一口气！每一声叹息都像一声枪响)”可知，冷杉树的树干枯萎变黄后，园艺工将把他砍成柴火。故选A项。7．推理判断题。本文讲述一棵冷杉树在小树苗时，渴望长大，长大后被用作圣诞树，之后被遗弃，在被砍成柴火前，他怀念成长在阳光下的时光。且结合第八段“Whenseeingthegardenergettingclosewithanaxe(斧头),herecalledhisfirstyouthinthewoodandsighedsodeeply!Eachsighwaslikeashot.(当看到园丁拿着斧头走近时，他想起了自己在树林里的第一个青春，深深地叹了一口气！每一声叹息都像一声枪响)”可以推测，B项Livefortodaybecausetomorrowisnotpromised.(为今天而活，因为明天没有承诺)符合语境。故选B项。8．A9．B10．C11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述很多产品存在环保作假现象，对产品的环保效益进行误导性营销，即“洗绿”，并介绍了一个解决“洗绿”的网站。8．细节理解题。根据文章内容及第三段中“Asgoinggreenhasbecomebigbusiness,environmentaladvocatesworrythattrulygreencompaniescouldgetlostinthesituation.(随着绿色环保成为一项大生意，环保人士担心，真正的绿色企业可能会在这种情况下迷失方向)”及第四段中“Greenwashingharmstheeffortweneedtobemaking.(‘洗绿’损害了我们需要做出的努力)”可知，“洗绿”是指打着环保的旗号对产品环保效益的误导性营销，对环境有害。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第五段中“They’velaunchedtheGreenwashingIndexawebsitethatallowsconsumerstopostadsthatmightbeexamplesofgreenwashingandratethemonascaleof1to5(他们推出了‘洗绿指数’网站，消费者可以在网站上发布可能是‘洗绿’例子的广告，并在1到5的范围内对这些广告进行评分)”可知，推出“洗绿指数”网站，揭露“洗绿”行为是解决“洗绿”问题的措施。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Manyconsumersmaynothaveheardthetermgreenwashing,butthey’vesurelyexperiencedit—misleadingmarketingabouttheenvironmentalbenefitsofaproduct.(许多消费者可能没有听说过‘洗绿’这个词，但他们肯定经历过——关于产品环保效益的误导性营销)”可知，“洗绿”是关于产品环保效益的误导性营销，A项“有机产品，但没有任何证书”、B项“由有害物质制成的节能产品”及D项“据说是环保的农药”均是“洗绿”，C项“低营养但高热量的食物”不含产品环保效益的相关信息，不属于“洗绿”。故选C。11．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“‘Wehavebettergreenproductsbutalotofexaggerated(夸张的)claims,’saysCase.‘Thatcouldbeenoughtodestroythewholegreenmovement’——andthat’snotalittlegreenlie.
(Case说：‘我们有更好的绿色产品，但有很多夸大的说法。’‘这足以摧毁整个绿色运动’——这可不是环保的小谎言)”可知，文章主要讲述很多产品存在环保作假现象，对产品的环保效益进行误导性营销，即“洗绿”，并介绍了一个解决“洗绿”的网站。D项“真正的环保宣传和虚假宣传之间的区别”能够总结文章大意。故选D。12．C13．B14．B15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员发明了让计算机来进行动物声音识别的工作，解释了其工作原理以及应用情况。12．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“InapaperpublishedonOctober17thinNatureCommunications,agroupofresearchersledbyJörgMüller,anecologistattheUniversityofWürzburg,describeabetterway:haveacomputerdothejob.(在10月17日发表在《自然通讯》杂志上的一篇论文中，由维尔茨堡大学的生态学家JörgMüller领导的一组研究人员描述了一种更好的方法：让计算机来完成这项工作。)”可知，JörgMüller博士的生物声学分析方法运用了高科技。故选C。13．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,thegreaterthebiodiversityithosted.(正如预期的那样，土地远离农业活动的时间越长，它所承载的生物多样性就越大。)”可知，农业活动对物种丰富度产生了负面影响。故选B。14．推理判断题。由文章第五段“Ofcourse,noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.DrMüllerandhiscolleaguesusedlight-trapstocapturenight-flyinginsects,andDNAanalysistoidentifythem.Reassuringly,theyfoundthatthediversityofnoisyanimalswasareliableproxy(指标)forthediversityofthequieterones,too.(当然，不是雨林里的所有东西都会发出声音。JörgMüller博士和他的同事们用捕光器捕捉夜间飞行的昆虫，并通过DNA分析来识别它们。令人欣慰的是，他们发现吵闹动物的多样性也是安静动物多样性的可靠代表。)”可知，JörgMüller博士和他的同事做第5段的调查是为了确认安静动物的生物多样性。故选B。15．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Theresultsmayhaverelevanceoutsideecologydepartments,too.Underpressurefromtheircustomers,firmssuchasL’Oreal,amake-upcompany,andShell,anoilfirm,havebeenspendingmoneyonforestrestorationprojectsaroundtheworld.DrMüllerhopesthatanautomatedapproachtocheckingontheresultscouldhelpmonitorsuchefforts,andgiveastandardizedwaytomeasurewhethertheyareworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.(研究结果可能也与生态部门以外的部门有关。在客户的压力下，化妆品公司欧莱雅和石油公司壳牌等公司已经在世界各地的森林恢复项目上投入了资金。JörgMüller博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些努力，并提供一种标准化的方法来衡量它们是否像赞助者所说的那样有效。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了该研究对森林恢复项目的影响。故选D。16．D17．B18．A19．F20．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在人际交往中，健康界限存在的重要性以及该如何拥有健康界限的注意事项。
16．设空处为段中句。上文“Havinghealthyboundariesmayprovidesuchbenefitsasavoidingburnout,boostingself-esteemandmaintainingpersonalspace.(拥有健康的界限可能会带来一些好处，比如避免倦怠、增强自尊和保持个人空间)”提到健康界限的好处，下文“Aftersettingyourboundaries,it’shelpfultoreviewthemonaregularbasistoremainrelevanttoyourlifecircumstances.(在设定了界限之后，定期回顾这些界限是很有帮助的，这样可以让它们与你的生活环境保持联系)”提到在设置好健康界限之后，要注意经常性地回顾，此句应该是设置健康界限的重要性，D项“因此，在社会活动中，设定健康的界限是至关重要的”符合语境，故选D。17．设空处为段首句。根据下一句“Thewayyousetthemreflectsyourattitudetotakingresponsibilityinlife.(你设定它们的方式反映了你对生活负责的态度)”中的代词“them”指代和“Takingthetimetothinkaboutyourwantsandneedsindifferentsituationswillhelpyouunderstandhowyourvaluesinfluenceboundary-setting.(花点时间想想自己在不同情况下的需求和需求，这将有助于你理解你的价值观是如何影响边界设置的)”可知，设空处应该指的是“确立健康界限”相关的内容。再结合第三段第一句过渡句“Onceyouhaveidentifiedyourboundaries,itisimportanttocommunicatethemeffectively.(一旦你确定了你的界限，有效地与他们沟通是很重要的)”可确定，第二段主旨为“identifyyourboundaries”。B项“首先，你应该确定你的个人界限”符合语境，故选B。18．设空处为段中句。根据本段中心句“Onceyouhaveidentifiedyourboundaries,itisimportanttocommunicatethemeffectively.(一旦你确定了你的界限，有效地与他们沟通是很重要的)”可知，本段强调交流健康界限的重要性。再结合下文内容“Expressyourideasinanopenandstraightforwardmanner;speakupforyourselfsothatotherscanhear,understandandrespectyourneeds.(以开放和直接的方式表达你的想法；为自己说话，这样别人才能听到、理解和尊重你的需求)”介绍该如何去交流——要开放直率、要为自己发声、要学会让步——可知，中间句应该承上启下，说明交流健康界限时应该注意忠于自我和尊重他人。A项“诚实和尊重在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选A。19．设空处为段尾句，应承接上文；根据上文“Additionally,takeastepbackiftensionsariseduringaconversationaboutsettingboundaries.Allowyourselfortheotherpersontocooldownbeforerestartingtheconversation.(此外，如果在设定界限的谈话中出现紧张，请退一步。在重新开始谈话之前，让自己或对方冷静下来)”推知，下文应陈述让自己活对方冷静下来的好处。F项“这有助于找到有关边界设置问题的可能解决方案”说明上文保持冷静的意义，故选F。20．设空处为段中句。根据本段中心句“Whenlearninghowtosethealthyboundaries,itisessentialtolearnhowtosay‘no’.(当学习如何设定健康的界限时，学习如何说‘不’是很重要的)”可知，本段介绍在交流健康界限时“说不”的重要性。根据设空处下一句“Ifthesituationpersists,removeyourselffromit
respectfully.(如果这种情况持续存在，恭敬地从这种情况中脱离)”可知，上一句应该提到一种需要你“说不”的情况，C项“当你觉得有人越界了，提醒他们”符合语境，故选C。21．B22．C23．B24．B25．C26．A27．D28．D29．A30．D31．A32．B33．C34．C35．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在机场迷路后得到帮助的经历。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当巴士司机把我的行李放在机场的人行道上时，我意识到我紧张的旅程才刚刚开始。A.ticket票；B.luggage行李；C.passport护照；D.wheelchair轮椅。根据常理可知，巴士司机能够帮作者放在人行道上的只有可能是作者携带的行李。故选B。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，当巴士司机把我的行李放在机场的人行道上时，我意识到我紧张的旅程才刚刚开始。A.pleasant舒适的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.nervous紧张的；D.important重要的。根据上文“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”可知，作者感到非常的焦虑，由此可知，空处指的是紧张的旅程。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不懂任何标识牌，也不熟悉任何东西，所以我开始恐慌。A.notice注意；B.understand理解；C.observe观察、庆祝；D.foresee预见。根据空后的宾语“anysign”以及“nothingwasfamiliar”可知，作者是看不懂标识牌。故选B。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不懂任何迹象，也不熟悉任何东西，所以我开始恐慌。A.suspect怀疑；B.panic恐慌；C.regret遗憾、后悔；D.compromise妥协。根据上文“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”以及“Icouldn’t___3___anysignandnothingwasfamiliar,soIbeganto___4___.”可知，作者非常焦虑，当作者对什么都不熟悉，也看不懂标识牌的时候，作者应该是开始恐慌。故选B。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试图向一位路过的商人问路，但我的话全都说错了。A.clear清晰的；B.right正确的；C.wrong错误的；D.slow缓慢的。根据下文“Hejust___6___andwalkedaway.”可知，作者的表述是错误的。故选C。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是皱了皱眉头走开了。A.frowned皱眉；B.nodded点头；C.yelled大叫；D.sighed叹息。根据上文“Itriedtoaskapassingbusinessmanfordirections,butmywordsallcameout___5___.”以及“walkedaway”可知，这位商人没有听懂，走开了。由此可判断，他应该是皱眉表示不解。故选A。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的机会来了！A.proposal提议；B.response回应；C.attempt试图；D.chance机会。根据上文内容可知，作者下车后就不知所措，不知道往哪儿走。而此时又来了一班公交车，作者意识到自己可以随着人流走。由此可推断，作者觉得自己的机会到了。故选D。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有足够的空间给我。A.demand要求；B.respect尊重；C.assistance协助；D.room房间、空间。根据下文“Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.”可知，作者没有能够随着人流上电梯，由此可知，电梯里没有空间给作者了。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又被抛弃了！A.abandoned放弃、抛弃；B.offended冒犯；C.fooled戏弄；D.delayed延误。根据上文“Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.”可知，作者是没能上电梯，由此可知，作者此时感到被抛弃了。故选A。30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当电梯回来时，我上了电梯，随意按下了按钮3。A.gently温和地；B.firmly坚定地；C.secretly秘密地；D.randomly任意地。根据下文“Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa___11___lobby（大厅）!”可知，作者并不知道应该去几层，所以应该是随意按下了3。故选D。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当电梯门开了，我发现这是一个空无一人的大厅时，失望的泪水涌上了我的眼睛！A.deserted空无一人的；B.tiny极小的；C.spacious宽敞的；D.decorated被装饰过的。根据上文“tearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyes”以及下文有个机场工作人员的突然出现可知，这个大厅空无一人。故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到我迷路了，问我能不能帮忙。A.locked锁；B.lost失去；C.tricked欺骗；D.arrested逮捕。根据上文“Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalterminaloftheairport.Icouldn’t___3___anysignandnothingwasfamiliar”和“Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa___11___lobby(大厅)!”以及上文可知，这是作者第一次到国际航站楼。而作者完全不知道往哪儿走，由此可知，作者此时是迷路了。故选B。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我讲述我的情况时，他递给我手帕擦干我的眼睛，然后领我走过一条长长的走廊。A.reflected反映；B.recalled回忆；C.related涉及；D.regarded认为。根据空后的“mysituation”可知，作者是在讲述自己的情况。故选C。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及说什么他就走了，但我会永远记住他出乎意料的好意。A.unchanging不变的；B.unending不断的；C.unexpected意外的；D.unexpressed未表达的。根据上文“Whatwasasurprisewasthatjustthenanelderlyairportemployeecamearoundthecorner.”可知，这位工作人员的出现是作者始料未及的。由此可知，作者认为这是出乎意料的好意。故选C。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能希望我能支持那些在可怕的旅程中挣扎的人。A.struggling挣扎、努力；B.waiting等待；C.hesitating犹豫；D.risking冒险。根据第一句“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”以及全文内容可知，作者这是第一次到国际航站楼，完全不知道该怎么做，怎么走。所以作者认为这是在可怕的旅程中挣扎。作者得到了陌生人的善意之举，也希望自己以后能够帮助在旅程中挣扎的人。故选A。36．concluding37．touched38．werecarried39．experiences40．a41．excellently42．with43．tohonor44．who45．and【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了神舟十六号返回舱成功着陆的情况。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：周二上午，神舟十六号机组人员返回地球，结束了为期五个月的历史性任务。动词conclude意为“结束”。本句谓语为returned，此处应用非谓语动词，分析句子结构可知，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填concluding。37．考查动词时态。句意：飞船的返回舱载着任务指挥官景海鹏少将、朱洋柱上校和桂海超教授，在飞行了近12个小时的返程后，于上午8点11分着陆。touchdown意为“降落，着陆”。分析句子结构可知，本空为句子谓语，根据空后at8:l1am事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，故本空用过去式。故填touched。38．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：经过安全检查后，宇航员们被带到太空舱前的椅子上，并在现场节目中与记者分享了他们的经历。动词carry意为“运送，拿，背，抱，扛”。根据下文shared可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时。且主语theastronauts和动词carry为被动关系，故句子用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为复数，故be动词用were。故填werecarried。39．考查名词的数。句意：经过安全检查后，宇航员们被带到太空舱前的椅子上，并在现场节目中与记者分享了他们的经历。根据空前的their可知，本空填可数名词experience“经历”的复数形式，作shared的宾语。故填experiences。40．考查冠词。句意：景说，他们很兴奋能“回到祖国”，在天宫空间站的轨道停留是一次“非常酷的旅程”。此处泛指“一次非常酷的旅程”，且very以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。41．考查副词。句意：他说，他的队友们在任务中表现出色，他们彼此相处得很好，共同努力履行他们对祖国和人民的承诺。此处应用副词excellently“出色地”，修饰动词performed。故填excellently。42．考查介词。句意：他说，他的队友们在任务中表现出色，他们彼此相处得很好，共同努力履行他们对祖国和人民的承诺。getalongwith为固定搭配，意为“和某人相处融洽，和某人处得来”。故填with。43．考查动词不定式。句意：他说，他的队友们在任务中表现出色，他们彼此相处得很好，共同努力履行他们对祖国和人民的承诺。honorone’scommitment“信守承诺”。manage后面接动词不定式作宾语，意为“设法做到某事，勉力完成某事”，故本空用honor的不定式形式。故填tohonor。44．考查定语从句。句意：朱是中国第一位太空飞行工程师，他说他们很好地协调完成了各项任务。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhu，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。45．考查连词。句意：桂是我国第一位民用宇航员，也是第一位太空有效载荷专家，他说任务的每一天都很忙碌，令人难忘。thecountry’sfirstcivilianastronaut和firstpayload(载荷)expertinspace为并列关系，故用连词and连接。故填and。46．TotheOrganizingCommittee,I’mdelightedtohearthatourschoolwillholdScienceandTechnologyFestival.Asforthevenueforthe
openingceremonyofthesciencefestival,Ichooseatechvenueoffcampus.Thereasonsareasfollows.First,therearemanyfacilitiesaboutscienceinthescienceandtechnologyvenue.Holdingtheopeningceremonyofthescienceandtechnologyfestivaltherecanmakestudentsfeeltheatmosphereofthescienceandtechnologyfestivalmoreeasily.Second,therearemanyprofessionalstaffinthescienceandtechnologyvenue.Aftertheopeningceremony,wecansetupaQ&Asessionforthestafftoanswerstudents’questionsandstimulatetheirinterestinscience.Ihopemysuggestionwillbeacceptedbyyou.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校写一封电子邮件，发表关于举办科技节开幕式的场所（学校体育馆或校外某科技场馆）的看法。内容需包括：1.你的选择；2.说明理由。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→happy举办：hold→host激发：stimulate→motivate建议：suggestion→advice2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asforthevenuefortheopeningceremonyofthesciencefestival,Ichooseatechvenueoffcampus.拓展句：Asforthevenuewheretheopeningceremonyofthesciencefestivalistobeheld,Ichooseatechvenueoffcampus.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mdelightedtohearthatourschoolwillholdScienceandTechnologyFestival.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Ihopemysuggestionwillbeacceptedbyyou.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)47．Whenwefellasleep,Grandpaquietlywalkedoutintotheyard.Hekeptsprayingwaterontotheiceintheyard.ItwassocoldoutsidethatGrandpatrembledallover.Buthewentonbuildingtherinkforus.Hehopedtocompletetheworkassoonaspossible.Thatnightheworkedforalongtimealthoughhiswaistwasverypainful.Thenextmorningwhenwewokeup,wefoundskatingequipmentplacedbeforeourbed.Grandpacalledout,“Kids,comeout!Therinkwasready!”Amazed,wehurriedlyputontheskatingequipmentandrushedout.Seeingtheperfectrink,weweresoexcitedandcouldnolongerwaittoskateonit,whileGrandpastoodaside,smiling.Weskatedinthecoldforwhat
feltlikehourslaughinganddancing,creatingmemoriesthatwouldlastalifetime.Grandpawasproudofwhathehadaccomplishedandhappytoseeushavingsomuchfun.Nowwealwaysrememberthespecialgift,whichGrandpabuiltwithgreatlove.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候和妹妹都是由爷爷照看，爷爷通过为她们建造一个溜冰场，给她们带来了欢乐和温暖。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“等我们睡着了，爷爷悄悄地走到院子里。”以及第二段首句内容“感动很惊讶，我们赶紧穿上滑冰装备，冲了出去。”可知，第一段可描写爷爷悄悄建好了溜冰场的经过。②由第二段首句内容“感动很惊讶，我们赶紧穿上滑冰装备，冲了出去。”可知，第二段可描写看到爷爷为自己所做的事情，作者和妹妹非常感动。2.续写线索：作者和妹妹小时候，由于父母参军，所以只能由爷爷照顾——没有父母的陪伴，作者和妹妹常常感到孤独——爷爷看到这一切，决定为作者和妹妹建造一个溜冰场——天气寒冷，爷爷每晚都忙着建溜冰场——一天，爷爷的腰很疼，作者和妹妹让爷爷在家休息——可是，爷爷还是悄悄建溜冰场——次日早餐，作者和妹妹惊讶地看到了建好的溜冰场——作者和妹妹很感激爷爷所做的一切3.词汇激活行为类①继续：goon/continue②完成：complete/finish③希望：hope/wish情绪类①兴奋的：excited/thrilled②对……感到自豪：beproudof/takepridein【点睛】【高分句型1】Thatnightheworkedforalongtimealthoughhiswaistwasverypainful.（运用了although引导的状语从句）
