江苏省盐城市阜宁中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语 Word版含解析.docx

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阜宁中学2023秋学期高二年级期中考试英语试题时间：120分钟分值：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdoesthemansound?A.Surprised.B.Confused.C.Annoyed.2.Whichpicturedoesthemanlikemost?A.Theoneofboats.B.Theoneofanimals.C.Theoneofthevillagehouses.3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst?A.Seeamovie.B.Havedinner.C.Goforawalk.4.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Togiveadvice.C.Tomakeanappointment.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Fatheranddaughter.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Byariver.B.Onafarm.C.Athome.7.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthepaththroughthewoods? A.Itwasold.B.Itwaswet.C.Itwaslong.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthemandoingnowprobably?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Givingaclass.C.Conductingajobinterview.9.WhydidthewomanlikeMr.Evans?A.Hetaughtheractingskills.B.Hehadasenseofhumor.C.Hehadapassionforhistory.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Apromotionparty.C.Agraduationparty.11.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelabouttheparty?A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Satisfied.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Talktohismum.B.SurftheInternet.C.Gototheshops.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whendidthemanreceiveprofessionaltrainingindiving?A.Atage13.B.Atage18.C.Atage28.14.Whydidthemanlearntodive?A.Torelaxhimself.B.Tolearnaboutanewfield.C.Toachievehischildhooddream.15.Whatdoesthemanenjoymostaboutdivingnow?A.Protectingfish.B.Sharingtheadventure.C.Watchingseacreatures.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestotherdiversdo?A.Practicehard.B.Buythebestequipment.C.Learnfromexperiencedinstructors.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Areporter.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.18.Whatdopeopledoatthefestival?A.Theyrecycleplastic.B.Theyweartheirnewclothes.C.Theythrowtomatoesateachother.19.Howlongdoesthefestivallast?A.Aboutonehour.B.Abouttwohours.C.Aboutthreehours.20.WhatdoesAntoniousuallydoontheeveningofthefestival?A.Hecookslocalfood.B.Heenjoysfireworks.C.Hedanceswithothers. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑AThesummervacationisapproaching!Isthereacampyouhaveastrongdesiretotakeyourchildrentoduringtheholiday?Ifnot,Istronglyrecommendthefollowingsummercamps.Multi-ArtsDayProgramTheprogramchallengeschildrentousetheirimaginationstotranslatetheirideasintomusic,movement,andcreativedrama.Studentsworkinlargeandsmallgroupsthroughouttheday.ParentsarewelcometostaythefirstmorninguntilMorningSingisover.Ages:5-8Dates:July4-8Daystudenttuition(学费):$410FashionDesignandTextileArtIfyoulovecoloranddesign,thenthisisthesummercampforyou!Youwilllearnsomehandsewingaswellashowtouseasewingmachineasyoucreateyourdesigns.Youwillalsolearnhowtochoosethetypesofcloththatbestsuityourdesigns.Pleasebring2pairsofoldjeansand5-10shirtstobeusedinyourprojects.Ages:11-13Dates:July3-16Daystudenttuition:$1,280Drawing&PaintingforJuniorArtistsExplorethewondersofartinthisfunandexcitingsummercamp!Discoverwaystocreateandthinkaboutart.Useyourowncreativitytodevelopyourownstyle.Youwilllearnmanystylesofpaintinganddrawing.Youshouldbeopenandwillingtotrynewtechniques.Plantobringpaintbrushes,apadofpaper,asetofpencils,andapencilsharpenerAges:11-13Dates:July17-30Daystudenttuition:$1,980Shakespeare’sWorldEnjoythisfun,hands-onwayintotheworksofWilliamShakespeare.Youwilllearnaboutthelifeandtimes ofShakespeareandrehearse(排练)oneofhisplays.Youwillstudytheplayindepthandtakeafieldtriptoseealive,professionalproductionofit.Youwillaudition(试演)forpartsandlearnamazinganddirectactingtechniquesforbringingShakespeare’swordstolife.Ages:9-13Dates:June17-30Daystudenttuition:$1,6801.Whenwillthecampfor6-year-oldsopen?A.OnJune17.B.OnJuly3.C.OnJuly4.D.OnJuly17.2.HowmuchshouldTompayifhis12-year-oldsonwantstoattendacamptolearnpainting?A.$410.B.$1,280.C.$1,680.D.$1,980.3.Whichcampoffersstudentsachancetogoonafieldtrip?A.Shakespeare’sWorld.B.Multi-ArtsDayProgram.C.FashionDesignandTextileArt.D.Drawing&PaintingforJuniorArtists.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几个适合孩子参加的夏令营。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Multi-ArtsDayProgram部分中的“Ages:5-8(年龄：5-8)”和“Dates:July4-8(日期：7月4-8日)”可知，6岁儿童夏令营7月4日开始。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Drawing&PaintingforJuniorArtists部分中的“Daystudenttuition:$1,980(全日制学生学费：1980美元)”可知，如果汤姆12岁的儿子想参加绘画夏令营，他应该付1980美元。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Shakespeare’sWorld部分第三句“Youwillstudytheplayindepthandtakeafieldtriptoseealive,professionalproductionofit.(你将深入研究这出戏，并进行实地考察，观看现场的专业演出。)”可知，“莎士比亚的世界”夏令营为学生提供了实地考察的机会。故选A。BIsittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(认知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure. Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthesignificanceofEC?A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.5.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom?A.Theirpersonallooks.B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions.D.Theirphysicalfeelings.6WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5?A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking. C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Todeepenthereaders’understandingofEC.B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneed—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyour reactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?(既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢?)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.(如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。CMarsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.It’slatewinterinMars’NorthernHemisphere,wherethePerseveranceroverandIngenuityhelicopterareexploringanancientriverdelta(三角洲)thatoncefedintoJezeroCraterbillionsofyearsago.Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.TherearetwotypesofsnowonMars.OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.TheothertypeofMartiansnowiscarbondioxidebased,ordryice,anditcanlandonthesurface.AfewfeetofsnowtendstofallonMarsinitsflatregionsnearthepoles.“Enoughfallsthatyoucouldsnowshoe(穿雪鞋走路)acrossit.”saidSylvainPiqueux,aMarsscientistatNASA’SJetPropulsionLaboratoryinPasadena,California,inastatement.Sofar,noorbiters(轨道飞行器)orrovershavebeenabletoseesnowfallontheredplanetbecausetheweatherphenomenononlyoccursatthepolesbeneathcloudcoveratnight.Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.However,theMarsClimateSounderinstrumentontheMarsReconnaissanceOrbitercandetectlightthat’sinvisibletothehumaneye.IthasmadedetectionsofcarbondioxidesnowfallingattheMartianpoles.ThePhoenixlander,whicharrivedonMarsin2008,alsousedoneofitslaserinstrumentstodetectwater-icesnowfromitsspotabout1,600kilometersawayfromtheMartiannorthpole.Thankstophotographers,weknowsnowflakesonEarthareuniqueandsixsided.Beneathamicroscope, Martiansnowflakeswouldlikelylookalittledifferent.“Becausecarbondioxideicehasasymmetry(对称)offour,weknowdry-icesnowflakeswouldbecube-shaped(立方体的),”Piqueuxsaid.“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.”Iceandcarbondioxide-basedfrostsalsoformonMars,andtheycanoccurfartherawayfromthepoles.TheOdysseyorbiter(whichenteredMarsorbitin2001)haswatchedfrostformingandturningtoagasinthesunlight,whiletheVikinglandersspottedicyfrostonMarswhentheyarrivedinthe1970s.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesnowmadeoffrozenwateronMars?A.Itcontainslotsofdust.B.ItmakestheMartianairthick.C.Itkeepsitsformstablewhilefalling.D.ItcanhardlybeseenontheMartianground.9.WhatmakesitdifficultforroboticexplorerstoseesnowfallonMars?A.Thefreezingtemperature.B.Thethicknessofclouds.C.Thechangingweatherpattern.D.Thedistancefromthepoles.10.WhatcantheMarsClimateSoundertellusaboutdry-icesnowflakes?A.Theirsmell.B.Theirsize.C.Theirspeed.D.Theirdirection.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ItSeldomSnowsonMarsB.ItIsMuchColderonMarsC.TheBeautifulWinteronMarsD.TheSeasonalChangesonMars【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.(一种是我们在地球上体验到的由冰冻水构成的水。火星稀薄的空气和零下的温度意味着传统的雪在接触火星地面之前就会从固体直接变成气体)”可知，火星上由冰冻的水构成的雪在火星上几乎看不到。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.( 轨道飞行器上的摄像头无法透过云层进行观察，而且目前还没有开发出能够在极地低温环境下生存的机器人探测器，那里的低温可低至零下120摄氏度)”可知，冰点温度让机器人探测器难以看到火星上的降雪。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.(多亏了火星气候探测器，我们可以判断出这些雪花比人类头发的宽度还小)”可知，火星气候探测器能告诉我们关于干冰雪花的尺寸大小。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Marsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.(火星可能看起来是一个干燥、荒凉的地方，但根据美国宇航局分享的一段新视频，这颗红色星球在冬天会变成一个超凡脱俗的仙境)”以及第三段“Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.(作为火星的主要特征，尘埃驱动着火星的天气，但这个星球对雪、冰和霜并不陌生)”结合文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。可知，C选项“火星上美丽的冬天”最符合文章标题。故选C。DClimatechangeandincreasesindroughtandrainstormsposeseriouschallengestoourwatermanagement.Aninternationalgroupofscientistshavebroughttogetheralargebodyofresearchonwaterqualityinriversworldwide.Thestudyshowsthatriverwaterqualitytendstoworsenduringextremeweatherevents.Astheseeventsbecomemoreoftenandsevereduetoclimatechange,ecosystemhealthandhumanaccesstosafewatermaybeincreasinglyunderthreat.TheresearchledbyDr.MichellevanVlietofUtrechtUniversityanalyzed965casesofriverwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweathersuchasdrought,heatwaves,rainstorms,andflooding.Theanalysisshowsthatinmostcaseswaterqualitytendstobecomeworseduringdroughtsandheatwaves(68%),rainstormsandfloods(51%),andunderlong-termchangesinclimate(56%).Duringdroughts,lesswaterisavailabletodilutecontaminants(稀释污染物),whilerainstormsandfloodsgenerallyresultinmorecontaminantsthatrunofffromlandtoriversandstreams.Improvementsormixedresponsesinwaterqualityarealsoreportedforsomecases,forexamplewhenincreasedtransportofpollutantsisoffset(抵消)bymoredilutionduringfloodevents.Waterqualitychangesarestronglydrivenbychangesinwatertemperature.Landuseandotherhumanfactorssuchaswastewatertreatmentalsoshapehowthisplaysout.“Understandingthecomplexinterplaybetweenclimate,landuse,andhumandrivers,whichtogetherinfluencethesourcesandtransportofpollutantsiscrucial,”saysvanVliet.Theresearchalsocallsformoredatacollectionandstudiesofwaterqualityin non-Westerncountries.“WeneedbettermonitoringofwaterqualityinAfricaandAsia.MostwaterqualitystudiesnowfocusonriversandstreamsinNorthAmericaandEurope.”Theresultsofthestudyunderlinetheurgentneedforabetterunderstandingofwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweatherevents.Itsoundsanalarmtous.Onlythenwillwebeabletodevelopeffectivewatermanagementstrategiesthatcansafeguardouraccesstocleanwaterandensureecosystemhealthunderclimatechangeandincreasingweatherextremes.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Humanbeingsshouldbeblamedforclimatechange.B.Worsenedwaterqualityisthreateningtheclimate.C.Waterqualityinriversworldwideisunderrisk.D.Watermanagementhasbeenimprovedrecently.13.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thethreatscausedbyextremeweather.B.Thefactorsinfluencingwatersafety.C.ThefindingsofvanVliet’sresearch.D.ThedesignofvanVliet’sexperiment.14.Accordingtoparagraph3whichwillvanVlietprobablyagreewith?A.Waterqualityinnon-Westerncountriesismoreterrible.B.Humanactivitieshaveabiginfluenceonwaterquality.C.RelateddatacollectionandstudiesofEuropeisadequate.D.Waterqualitychangesaredominatedbywatertemperature.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardvanVliet’sresearch?A.Unclear.B.Contradictory.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明气候变化、极端天气和人类活动对水资源质量构成严峻威胁。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Climatechangeandincreasesindroughtandrainstormsposeseriouschallengestoourwatermanagement.(气候变化以及干旱和暴雨的增加给我们的水资源管理带来了严峻的挑战)”和“Thestudyshowsthatriverwaterqualitytendstoworsenduringextremeweatherevents.Astheseeventsbecomemoreoftenandsevereduetoclimatechange,ecosystemhealthandhumanaccesstosafewatermaybeincreasinglyunderthreat.( 研究表明，在极端天气事件中，河流水质趋于恶化。由于气候变化，这些事件变得更加频繁和严重，生态系统健康和人类获得安全用水的机会可能日益受到威胁)”可知，水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁，世界各地河流的水质都处于危险之中。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。分析段落结构，第二段是总分结构，由第一句“TheresearchledbyDr.MichellevanVlietofUtrechtUniversityanalyzed965casesofriverwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweathersuchasdrought,heatwaves,rainstorms,andflooding.(乌得勒支大学的MichellevanVliet博士领导的这项研究分析了965起极端天气期间河流水质变化的案例，如干旱、热浪、暴雨和洪水)”可知整个段落都在讲述MichellevanVliet博士领导的研究，根据下句关键词“Theanalysisshows”可知后文具体介绍该研究结果，所以C选项“ThefindingsofvanVliet’sresearch.(vanVliet的研究发现)”符合本段主旨。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Waterqualitychangesarestronglydrivenbychangesinwatertemperature.Landuseandotherhumanfactorssuchaswastewatertreatmentalsoshapehowthisplaysout.(水质变化主要受水温变化的驱动。土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响了这种情况的发展)”和vanVliet所说的“Understandingthecomplexinterplaybetweenclimate,landuse,andhumandrivers,whichtogetherinfluencethesourcesandtransportofpollutantsiscrucial.(了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要，这些因素共同影响污染物的来源和运输)”可知，土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化，vanVliet认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要，可得出他认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresultsofthestudyunderlinetheurgentneedforabetterunderstandingofwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweatherevents.Itsoundsanalarmtous.(研究结果强调，迫切需要更好地了解极端天气事件期间的水质变化。这给我们敲响了警钟)”可知，作者认为该研究给我们敲响了警钟，所以是对研究持“支持”态度。A.Unclear.不清晰的；B.Contradictory.矛盾的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Approving.支持的。故选D。第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Readingisessentialbuthowcanonechoosetherightbookstoreadandwherecanonefindthem?Afewfamouspeoplemaygiveyousomehelpfultips.●Readbooksfrompasteras.___16___Otherwiseyou’dbe“completelydependentontheprejudicesandfashionsofyourtimes,”justasAlbertEinsteinputit.“Somebodywhoreadsonlynewspapersandbooksofcontemporaryauthorslookstome likeanextremelynear-sightedpersonwhodislikeseyeglasses,”hesaid.●___17___Readingtoowideavarietyintooshortatimewouldkeeptheteachingsfromleavingalastingimpressiononyou.SenecatheYounger,afirst-centuryRomanphilosopher,suggestedthat“youmustlinger(流连)amongalimitednumberofmasterthinkers,anddigesttheirworks,ifyouwouldobtainideaswhichshallwinfirmholdinyourmind.”●Shopatsecondhandbookstores.VirginiaWoolfbelievedtheworksinsecondhandbookstoreshaveanattractionwhichtheusualvolumesofthelibrarylack.Browsingthroughthesebooksgivesyouthechancetorunintosomethingthatwouldn’thaverisentotheattentionoflibrariansandbooksellers.___18___●Checkoutauthors’readinglists.Inhis1940guideHowtoReadaBook,AmericanphilosopherMortimerJ.Adlertalkedabouthowtochoosebooks.Heattachedimportancetothosethatotherauthorsconsiderworthreading.___19___Mortimerwrotethat“onewaytounderstandthemistoreadthebookstheyread.”●Makethefinaldecisionbyyourself.___20___It’syouyourselfwhoshouldchoosewhat,howandwhentoread.TheodoreRooseveltrecommendedchoosingbooksonsubjectsthatinterestyouandlettingyourmoodguideyoutoyournextgreatread.A.Interestisthebestteacher.B.Greatauthorsaregreatreaders.C.Leavesomeroomforolderworks.D.Learnmoreaboutthosegreatauthors.E.Don’tjumptooquicklyfrombooktobook.F.There’sno“bestbooks”listthateveryoneshouldfollow.G.Usuallytheyaremuchmoreselectiveinorganizingtheircollections.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读应该选什么样的书合适以及该去哪儿找到它们。【16题详解】上文“Readbooksfrompasteras.(阅读过去时代的书籍。)”是本段的主旨句。下文“Otherwise,you’dbe“completelydependentontheprejudicesandfashionsofyourtimes,”justasAlbertEinsteinputit.( 否则，正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦所说，你将“完全依赖于你所处时代的偏见和时尚”。)”可知，作者建议读者阅读过去的书籍。C项“Leavesomeroomforolderworks.(为旧作品留出一些空间。)”也是建议大家阅读旧时代的书籍，符合本段主旨，故选C项。【17题详解】根据横线所在位置，可知此处应是小标题，概括下文。根据下文“Readingtoowideavarietyintooshortatimewouldkeeptheteachingsfromleavingalastingimpressiononyou.(在太短的时间内阅读太多种类的内容会使文章无法给您留下持久的印象。)”可知，在太短的时间内读太多的书就会消化不了其中的知识，不能留下深刻印象。E项“Don’tjumptooquicklyfrombooktobook.(读完一本书后不要太快地去读另一本)”，与下文表述一致，能概括本段内容。故选E项。【18题详解】根据本段小标题“Shopatsecondhandbookstores.(在二手书店购物。)”以及空前“VirginiaWoolfbelievedtheworksinsecondhandbookstoreshaveanattractionwhichtheusualvolumesofthelibrarylack.Browsingthroughthesebooksgivesyouthechancetorunintosomethingthatwouldn’thaverisentotheattentionoflibrariansandbooksellers.(弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫认为，二手书店的作品具有图书馆通常所缺乏的吸引力。浏览这些书让你有机会看到一些不会引起图书管理员和书商注意的东西。)”可推知，作者建议读者去二手书店买书。G项“Usuallytheyaremuchmoreselectiveinorganizingtheircollections.(通常，他们在组织藏品时更具选择性。)”承接上文，进一步说明了作者建议读者去二手书店买书的原因，符合语境，故选G项。【19题详解】根据本段小标题“Checkoutauthors’readinglists.(查看作者的阅读清单)”和空前“Heattachedimportancetothosethatofherauthorsconsiderworthreading.(他重视其他作者认为值得读的那些作品。)”可推知，作者建议读者在选择书籍时可以借鉴书籍作者的阅读清单，阅读他们读过的书，说明作家读过的书好。B项“Greatauthorsaregreatreaders.(好的作家也是好的读者)”，承接上文，符合语境，故选B项。【20题详解】根据木段小标题“Makethefinaldecisionbyyourself.(自己做最后的决定)”以及空后“It’syouyourselfwhoshouldchoosewhat,howandwhentoread.(阅读内容，阅读方式和阅读时间应由你自己选择)”可推知，想要读什么书，要读多长时间等细节都应该由自己决定。F项“There’sno“bestbooks”listthateveryoneshouldfollow.(没有人人都应该遵循的“最佳书籍”清单)”也是在表达“读者自由决定自己读什么书”的内容，符合语境，故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IgrewuponauniversitycampusineasternNigeria.Iwasa(n)____21____reader,andwhatIreadwereBritishandAmericanchildren’sbooks.IbegantowritewhenIwasseven.IwroteexactlythekindsofstoriesIwasreading:Allmy____22____werewhiteandblue-eyed.Theyplayedinthesnow.Theyateapples,andtheytalkedalotaboutthe____23____，howlovelyitwasthatthesunhad____24____.Whatthisdemonstratesishow____25____wecanbeinfluencedbywhatweread,particularlyaschildren.BecauseallIhadreadwereforeignbooks,Ihadbecome____26____thatbookshadtohave____27____inthemandhadtobeaboutthingswithwhichIcouldnotpersonallyidentify.Things____28____whenIdiscoveredAfricanbooks.Thereweren’tmanyofthemavailable,andtheyweren’tquiteaseasyto____29____astheforeignbooks.But_____30_____writerslikeChinuaAchebeandCamaraLayeIwentthroughamental_____31_____inmyviewofliterature.I_____32_____thatpeoplelikeme,girlswithskinthecolorofchocolate,couldalso_____33_____inliterature.IstartedtowriteaboutthingsIrecognized.Whatthe_____34_____ofAfricanwritersdidformewasthis:Itsavedmefromhavinga_____35_____storyofwhatbooksare.21.A.earlyB.aimlessC.carefulD.poor22A.instructorsB.neighborsC.friendsD.characters23.A.snowB.fruitsC.cuisineD.weather24.A.disappearedB.setC.comeoutD.gonedown25.A.brieflyB.regularlyC.scarcelyD.easily26.A.convincedB.puzzledC.concernedD.satisfied27.A.heroesB.foreignersC.AfricansD.children28.A.remainedB.changedC.worsenedD.worked29.A.readB.understandC.findD.keep30.A.inspiteofB.onbehalfofC.becauseofD.insteadof31.A.confusionB.shiftC.blockD.activity32.A.realizedB.suspectedC.claimedD.forgot33.A.takeB.existC.believeD.major34.A.discoveryB.popularityC.imaginationD.analysis35.A.classicB.remarkableC.wholeD.single【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.D26.A27.B28.B29.C30.C31.B32.A33.B34.A35.D 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阅读对作者写作产生的影响。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很早（小）的时候就开始阅读了，我读的是英国和美国的儿童书籍。A.early早的；B.aimless没有目标的；C.careful小心的，仔细的；D.poor贫穷的。根据“IbegantowritewhenIwasseven.”可知，作者很早就开始阅读书籍了。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写的正是我正在读的那种故事：我所有的角色都是白人和蓝眼睛。A.instructors指导员；B.neighbors邻居；C.friends朋友；D.characters性格，角色。根据“Iwroteexactlythekindsofstories”可知，此处指作者书中的角色。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们吃着苹果，谈论着天气，说太阳出来了是多么美好。A.snow雪花；B.fruits水果；C.cuisine烹饪，菜肴；D.weather天气。根据“howlovelyitwasthatthesunhad____4____”可知，他们谈论天气。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意同上。A.disappeared消失；B.set设置；C.comeout出来；D.gonedown下降。根据“howlovelyitwas”和“thesun”可知，太阳出来了。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这表明我们很容易受到我们所读到的东西的影响，尤其是作为孩子。A.briefly简短地；B.regularly有规律地；C.scarcely几乎不；D.easily容易地。根据上文“.IwroteexactlythekindsofstoriesIwasreading:Allmy____2____werewhiteandblue-eyed.”可知，我们很容易受到我们所读到的东西的影响。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我读过的都是外国书，所以我开始相信，书里必须有外国人，必须是我个人无法认同的东西。A.convinced确信的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.concerned担心的；D.satisfied满意的。根据“how____5____wecanbeinfluencedbywhatweread”可知，因为收到读过的书的影响，作者开始相信，书里必须有外国人。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.heroes英雄；B.foreigners外国人；C.Africans非洲人；D.children孩子。根据“BecauseallIhadreadwereforeignbooks”可知，此处指书里必须有外国人。故选B。【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我发现非洲书籍时，一切都变了。A.remained停留，剩余；B.changed改变；C.worsened恶化；D.worked工作。根据上文“hadtobeaboutthingswithwhichIcouldnotpersonallyidentify.”和下文“IstartedtowriteaboutthingsIrecognized.”可知，读到非洲书籍以后，作者的认知发生了变化。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些书的数量不多，而且不像外国书那么容易找到。A.read阅读；B.understand理解；C.find找到；D.keep保持。根据“Thereweren’tmanyofthemavailable”可知，因为非洲书籍不多，所以不容易找到。故选C。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是因为像奇努阿·阿奇贝和卡马拉·雷这样的作家，我对文学的看法发生了心理上的转变。A.inspiteof尽管；B.onbehalfof代表；C.becauseof因为；D.insteadof代替，而不是。根据“Iwentthroughamental____11____inmyviewofliterature.”可知，作者对文学的看法发生变化，是因为自己像奇努阿·阿奇贝和卡马拉·雷这样的作家（同是黑皮肤的非洲人）。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.confusion困惑；B.shift转移，转变；C.block障碍，街区；D.activity活动。根据“Things____8____whenIdiscoveredAfricanbooks.”可知，非洲书籍的发现，让作者对文学的看法发生了心理上的转变。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，像我这样有着巧克力色皮肤的女孩，也可以存在于文学作品中。A.realized意识到；B.suspected怀疑；C.claimed声称；D.forgot忘记。根据“Iwentthroughamental____11____inmyviewofliterature.”可知，作者意识到有着巧克力色皮肤的女孩，也可以存在于文学作品中。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.take带走；B.exist存在；C.believe相信；D.major主修。根据“thatpeoplelikeme,girlswithskinthecolorofchocolate”可知，作者意识到非洲女孩也可以出现在书籍中。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：非洲作家的发现对我的影响是这样的：它让我不再对书是什么有一个单一的认识。A.discovery发现；B.popularity流行；C.imagination想象力；D.analysis分析。根据“writerslikeChinuaAchebeandCamaraLaye”可知，此处表示非洲作家的发现。故选A。【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.classic经典的；B.remarkable显著的；C.whole整个的；D.single单一的。根据“Allmy____2____werewhiteandblue-eyed.”可知，受到非洲书籍的影响，作者故事中的角色不再单一的只是白种人。故选D。第二节(共10小题，每小题1,5分，满分15分）语法填空‘AsianGamesforAll’echoesbeyondbordersThe“AsianGamesforAll”campaign____36____(enable)the19thAsianGamestoengagethepublicbeyondHangzhoucity,Zhejiangprovince,thecountryofChinaandthewidercontinent____37____(take)centerstageasthecurtaincamedownontheprogramattheMainMediaCenteronSept22.Thecampaign,____38____(organize)bytheOlympicCouncilofAsia,consistedofthree____39____(event)—namely,theHangzhouAsianGamesFunRun,AsianGamesYouthReporterProject_____40_____HangzhouAsianGamesChildren’sArtCompetition.Mediapersonnel____41____joinedtheFunRunactivityparticipatedinsuch____42____(tradition)Chineseexercisesasbaduanjinandtaichi.AustralianphotographerforAl-Iraqianewspaper,RafeqMohammed,joins____43____(week)taichiclassesnearhishomeinSydneyandtriedbaduanjinforthefirsttimeduringtheFunRun.“Taichihasmade____44____(I)morepatient,”hesaid.“(Baduanjin)isamazing.Itmakesmefeelpowerful,relaxesmeandenhancesmymental____45____(strong).Duringthepractice,Ialsoacquireddiscipline.”【答案】36.toenable37.took38.organized39.events40.and41.who##that42.traditional43.weekly44.me45.strength【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了第19届杭州亚运会，外国人尝试传统的中国体育活动，“全民亚运会”的回响超越国界。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：9月22日，在主媒体中心落下帷幕时，旨在让第19 届亚运会吸引杭州市，浙江省，中国乃至整个大陆的公众参与的“全民亚运会”活动占据了中心舞台。结合句意可知，此处表示目的和将来，应用动词不定式作后置定语，故填toenable。【37题详解】考查一般过去时。句意同上。根据时间状语“onSept22”可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填took。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动由亚洲奥林匹克理事会组织，包括三个项目，即杭州亚运趣味跑，亚运青年记者项目和杭州亚运儿童艺术比赛。动词organize和campaign之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作后置定语，故填organized。【39题详解】考查名词复数。句意同上。event是可数名词，由“three”可知应用复数形式，故填events。【40题详解】考查连词。句意同上。结合句意可知，空前后是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：参加趣味跑活动的媒体人员参加了八段锦、太极等中国传统体育活动。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是personnel，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that，故填who/that。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词exercises，traditional传统的，形容词。故填traditional。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：《伊拉克报》的澳大利亚摄影师RafeqMohammed在悉尼的家附近参加了每周的太极课，并在趣味跑中首次尝试了八段锦。修饰名词短语taichiclasses应用形容词形式，weekly一周一次的，每周的，形容词，故填weekly。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：“太极拳让我更有耐心，”他说。作动词made的宾语，应用宾格形式，故填me。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：它让我感觉很有力量，放松了我，增强了我的精神力量。结合空前的形容词“mental”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，strength力量，不可数名词，故填strength。第三节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列各小题,并根据上下文语境和所给词汇或中文的提示, 写出下列各句空格中的单词,注意保持语义和形式的一致。46.Duetothenear________(absent)ofgravityinspace,wehaveattachourselvessothatwedon’tfloataround.(用所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】absence【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定起来，这样我们就不会到处漂浮。空处应填名词作Dueto的宾语，absence缺乏，不存在，不可数名词，故填absence。47.M______bytheOlympicmotto“Faster,Higher,Stronger”,manywell-knownathleteshavedevotedthemselvestoachievingsportingexcellence.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Motivated##otivated【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：被奥林匹克格言“更快，更高，更强”鼓舞，许多著名的运动员们致力于取得卓越的体育成就。本句已有谓语havedevoted且无连词，motivate用非谓语形式，motivate和句子主语manywell-knownathletes之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词位于句首做状语。故填Motivated。48.Manyexperts_______________(提倡)rewardingyourchildforgoodbehavior.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】advocate【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：很多专家提倡奖励孩子的好行为。根据汉语提示可知，动词advocate符合题意，作谓语，句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语experts是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填advocate。49.Ireturnedtothecarandfetchedmore__________.(possess)(所给出的适当形式填空)【答案】possessions【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我回到车里，拿了更多的东西。此处作宾语，应用名词possession“所有物”，可数名词，由more可知，应用名词复数形式。故填possessions。50.Asyou_______________diversecultures,youmayfeeltransportedthroughtimeandspace.(expose)(所给出的适当形式填空)【答案】areexposed【解析】【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当你接触到不同的文化时，你可能会觉得穿越了时间和空间。主语you和动词expose之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are，故填areexposed。 51.WhenvisitingShanghaiMuseum,youwillappreciateamazingantiques,includingMingvasesandQing______(家具).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】furniture【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：参观上海博物馆时，您将欣赏到令人惊叹的古董，包括明代的花瓶和清代的家具。根据汉语提示“家具”，可知要填furniture，但是furniture是不可数名词，故填furniture。52.Theletterwasn’taddressedtomebutIopeneditoutof________(好奇心).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】curiosity【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这封信不是写给我的，但出于好奇，我把它拆开了。根据句意汉语提示可知，应填curiosity好奇心，不可数名词作宾语。故填curiosity。53.Davidisa_____(尽心尽力的)Englishteacher,whomyoucanactuallyrelyon.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】committed/devoted【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：大卫是一位尽心尽力的英语老师，你完全可以信赖他。修饰名词Englishteacher用形容词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填committed/devoted。54.Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,questions______(产生)abouthowtouseitappropriately.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】arise【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着技术继续快速地发展，如何恰当地使用这个技术的问题也随之产生。分析句意可知，设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语的时态，主句可用一般现在时。产生译为“arise”，为不及物动词，与逻辑主语questions之间为主谓关系，用一般现在时的主动语态。主语questions为复数，谓语动词用动词原形。故填arise。55.Theyhad______________(无意地)providedwronginformation.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】unintentionally【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：他们无意中提供了错误的信息。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词unintentionally，修饰动词provided，作状语。故填unintentionally。 56.He____________________(全身心投入练习)thepianoandwithinacoupleofmonthshecouldplayreasonablywell.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】①.was②.committed③.to④.practising【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他全身心投入练习钢琴，几个月后，他就弹得相当不错了。根据汉语提示可知，becommittedtodoingsth致力于做某事，“练习”使用动词practise，根据could可知句子是一般过去时，主语He表示单数意义，be动词用was，故填①was②committed③to④practising。57._________________________(他不仅说得)morecorrectly,buthespokemoreeasily.（倒装句）（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】①.Not②.only③.did④.he⑤.speak【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更容易。根据汉语提示，notonly…butalso…“不仅……而且……”，当连接两个句子时，notonly后的句子要部分倒装，即将助动词提到主语前面，speak“说”，由下文的spoke可知用一般过去时，助动词用did，句首单词首字母大写，故填Notonlydidhespeak。【分析】【点睛】58.Geneticistshavebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenes______________(涉及；与……相关)whichdiseases.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】①.relate②.to【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：遗传学家一直在试图确定哪些基因与哪些疾病有关。根据汉语提示可知，relateto涉及，与……相关，此处是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语genes是名词复数，谓语动词用原形，故填①relate②to。59._________________________(要不了多久就)virtualmuseumsandinteractivethree-Dexhibitionsbecomecommon.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】①.It②.won’t③.be④.long⑤.before【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得普遍起来。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用固定句型“Itwillbelongbefore...”，意为“要过很长时间才……”，此处用否定句，故填①It②won’t③be④long⑤before。 60.Bythetimehediedin2016,Ali____________________(已被公认)oneofthegreatestboxersofalltime.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】①.had②.been③.widely##universally##generally##globally④.recognizedas##consideredas##acknowledgedas【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：到2016年去世时，阿里已被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。“被认为”使用固定短语berecognized/considered/acknowledgedas，使用副词widely/universally/generally/globally作状语修饰动词，根据时间状语“Bythetimehediedin2016”可知，此处指过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填①had②been③widely/universally/generally/globally④recognized/considered/acknowledgedas。第四部分写作(满分25分)61.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ramustartedabusinesswithgreatenthusiasmbutjustafterafewmonthshisbusinesswentunder.TimepassedbutRamudidn’tstartanynewwork.Histeachergottoknowabouthissituationandcalledhimtohishome.Theteacherasked,“Whydon’tyoustartsomeotherwork?”Ramureplied,“Igavemyeverythingtomybusinessandyetitstillfailed.”Theteachertriedtocomforthim,saying“Butthat’slife.Sometimeswegetsuccessandsometimeswedon’t.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatwestopworking.”“What’sthepointofdoingwork,whenIcan’tbesureofsuccess?”Ramurepliedwithabitofannoyance.TheteachertookRamutoaroomandshowedhimadeadtomatoplant.Ramuwasconfusedandsaid,“It’sdead.Whyareyoushowingittome?”Theteacherreplied,“WhenIsoweditsseed,Idideverythingrightforit.Iwateredit,fertilizedit,sprayeditwithpesticide(杀虫剂).Itookgreatcareofitbutitstilldied.”Hestoppedforawhileandthensaid,“Doingworkisthesame...Nomatterhowhardyoutry,youcannotdecidewhathappensintheend.However,youcancontrolthosethingsinyourhands.Justdoyourbest!”Ramuasked,“Butifthereisnoguaranteeofsuccessthenwhat’stheuseofdoinganything?”Theteachersaid,“You’dbetternotthinklikethat...”“What’swrongwiththat...Ihavegivensomuchhardwork,somuchmoney,somuchtime;ifsuccessisonlyamatterofchance,thenwhatistheuseofdoingsomuch?”saidRamuandhewasabouttoleave.Justthentheteacherstoppedhimandsaid,“Beforeyouleave,Iwanttoshowyouonemorething.” 注意：续写词数应为150左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。HetookRamutoanotherroomandopenedthedoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Atthatverymoment,Ramureadthelessonofsuccess.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】HetookRamutoanotherroomandopenedthedoor.Therewasapileofbigredtomatoeslyingthere.Ramuasked.“Whyareyoushowingmethis?”Justthentheteachersaid.“Thesetomatoesaretheresultofnotgivingupongrowingplants.Similarly,ifyoukeepdoingtherightthings,yourchancesofgettingsuccessaregreatlyincreased.Butifyougiveupbecauseofoneortwofailures,lifewillrewardyouwithnothing.”Atthatverymoment,Ramureadthelessonofsuccess.Heunderstoodwhathehadtodonowandleftwithadifferentidea.Heconductedsomemarketresearchandstartedanewbusiness.Noonecouldguaranteehewouldsucceedthistimebuttherewasachance.LikeRamu,manypeoplemaketheirfailureasareasonfornottryingfurther.Itistruethatnomatterhowhardwetry,wecannotcontroltheresult.Butitisalsotruethatthosewhokeeptryingtogetsuccesswillgetittomorrowifnottoday.Everyfailureisasteptowardsuccess.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ramu以满腔热情去创业，结果却失败了。自此之后他无所事事，觉得从事不能保证成功的事情毫无意义。老师得知他的情况后，用自己种西红柿的经历告诉他人生的道理……。【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他把拉穆带到另一个房间，打开门。”可知，第一段可描写老师给拉穆看种活了的西红柿，并给他讲述了道理。②由第二段首句内容“就在那一刻，拉穆懂得了成功的道理。”可知，第二段可描写拉穆重新振作，继续创业。2.续写线索：展示西红柿——讲述成功的道理——重整旗鼓开始创业——哲理感悟3.词汇激活行为类①展示：show/display②放弃：giveup/quit③理解：understand/comprehend情绪类①努力地：hard/industriously②坚持尝试：keeptrying/tryinsistently【点睛】[高分句型1]Butifyougiveupbecauseofoneortwofailures,lifewillrewardyouwithnothing.(运用了从属连词if引导条件状语从句)[高分句型2]Heunderstoodwhathehadtodonowandleftwithadifferentidea.(运用了连词what引导宾语从句)[高分句型3]Noonecouldguaranteehewouldsucceedthistimebuttherewasachance.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)