2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语 Word版无答案.docx

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房山区2023年高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试卷本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IglancedtomyleftandrightasIgotreadyatthestartingline.Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumpsandIwasevenmore___1___thanbefore.“Onyourmark,getset...Go!”shoutedtheraceofficial.Ipushedmyselfforwardwithallmy___2___andstartedrunningasthoughaprideofman-eatinglionswerecomingafterme.AsIran,Icouldseetheothercompetitorscatchingupwithme.Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.Ahundredpairsofeyesboredintome,watchingme___3___togetup.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Ijustcouldnotdoit.“No,itcannotendlikethis.Ihaveto___4___thisrace.”Ithoughttomyself.However,thepainfrommyinjurywassounbearablethatIfelttotally___5___.Ireallywantedtogiveup.Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.“Thankyou...”Iwhispered___7___asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup.Shelentmehershoulderforsupport,andI___8___forward.Thecrowdcheeredatthisbrilliantdisplayof___9___.Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.EventhoughInevergotthechancetolearnhername,IwillalwaysrememberherastheonewhosteppedforwardtohelpmewhenIwasin_____10_____.1.A.tiredB.confusedC.nervousD.regretful2.A.joyB.mightC.troubleD.shame3.A.attemptB.hesitateC.waitD.pretend4.A.organizeB.evaluateC.appreciateD.complete5A.defeatedB.inspiredC.shockedD.relaxed6.A.wavedB.extendedC.showedD.pointed7.A.proudlyB.cautiouslyC.awkwardlyD.gratefully8.A.movedB.fellC.bentD.looked 9.A.partnershipB.sportsmanshipC.leadershipD.friendship10.A.angerB.doubtC.needD.silence第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenIwassevenyearsold,Icaughtacoldandhadtostayathome.Myparentshadtowork,somyneighborcameovertolookafterme.Shereadmanydifferentbookstome____11____(patient),includingadventuressetinancienttimes,travelstories,familydramas,historicalnovels,etc.Tomyjoy,____12____(listen)toeachbookmademefeellikewatchingamovie,butbetterbecausebooksgavemuchmoredetailsthanmovies.Shestartedmyinterestinreading.Nextyear,aftergraduatingfromcollege,I____13____(have)ajobteachingEnglish.IhopethatIcantransfertheloveofreadingtomystudents.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。BeijingOlympicPark,also____14____(know)astheOlympicGreen,islocatedinChaoyangDistrict,Beijing,withatotallandareaof11.59squarekilometers.ThefamousNationalStadiumor“Bird’sNest”isthecenterpieceofthepark,____15____theopeningandclosingceremoniesofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicswerehosted.TheNationalAquaticsCenteror“WaterCube”hostedtheswimming,divingandsynchronizedswimmingevents.Itwastransformed____16____the“IceCube”forthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicandParalympicGames,anddetachablecurlingtrackswerebuiltontheswimmingpooltohostcurlingevents.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WorldEnvironmentDay(WED)isadayweallneedtoputinour____17____(diary).IthappensonJune5everyyearandshouldbeoneofthemostimportantdaysoftheholidaycalendar.WED____18____(create)in1972bytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly.Theenvironmentwasn’tsuchabigissuebackthen.Butitisoneofthehottesttopicsintheworldtoday.WEDhelpsraiseworldwideawarenessofthethreatstoourenvironment.____19____peoplecandothatdayistostartchanginglifestylestoreducetheircarbonfootprint.Manyenvironmentalagenciesorganizeeventsbasedondifferentthemeseachyear.Theseeventsencouragebothgovernmentsandlocalcommunitiestoworktogether____20____(handle)environmentalproblems. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute(IBI)planstosetupabuddy(伙伴)peersupportproject.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendlycompanyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.What’sinitforyou?Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.Responsibilitiesofbuddies·Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.·Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.AnswerquestionsaboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.·Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonemorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,andtakethestudenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.·Bepreparedtotakephonecallsfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefromtimetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.·Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,youmightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagroupratherthanone-on-one.·Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement”toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfilyourroleconscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeelconfidentinyoursupport.21.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany. C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.22.Asabuddy,youneedto________.A.formasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBIB.provideassistanceinstudyingeachsubjectafterclassCmeetthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemesterD.helpthenewstudentgetfamiliarwithhisorhersurroundings23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducecampuslifefornewstudents.BToattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.D.Toprovidesomeinformationaboutstudyingoverseas.BBornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.Beforelearningtopaint,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferentfromherpeersbecauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforheradoortocreativityandawayofexpression.“Istillremembermyfirstmural,whichwastohelpakindergartentodesignandpaintitswall,”Lisays.“TheprojectmademerealizehowhappyIwasimmersingmyselfintopainting.”Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationalandtechnicalschool.“Paintingbrushescanhelpmecreateacolorfulworldinmyimagination,tellingmythoughtsonpaper,insteadofthroughvoices,”Lisaid.Graduatingfromcollegein2005,Ligotajobasatypistatapublicinstitute.Butshecouldnotcommunicatewellwithherothercolleagues.Herhusbandunderstoodhowshefeltbecausehelosthishearingduetomedicationwhenhewas1yearold.Heisalsoanartlover.InMarch2016,underherhusband’ssuggestion,Liquitherjobandjoinedherhusband’scompany,whichspecializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings.Wallpaintingisademandingjobbecauseitrequirespeopletoworkoutdoors,whetherinextremelycoldorhotweather.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impairedintheircompany,communicationwithclientsisthemostcommonchallengethattheteamfaces.Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavement paintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.“MyhusbandandIwanttointroducepaintingtomorepeoplelikeusandhelpthemfindtheirownwaytomakealiving,”Lisays.NowLihasanapprenticewhojustgraduatedfromcollege.Whilecoachingthenewcomer,Liisexploringherownstyleandhopestobecomeanillustratorandopenherownexhibitiononeday.“They’reenergeticyoungpeoplewithapassiontocreatenewthings,andyoucanfeelthatintheirpaintings,”oneoftheirclientssaid.“They’realsoaprofessional,dedicatedteam,oftenworkinglateintothenightonthedesignsforus.”Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.24.Accordingtothepassage,thepaintingclassinprimaryschool________.A.startedLi’sfirstadvertisingdesignB.helpedLifindanewwaytoexpressherselfC.madeLilearnabout3DwallandgroundpaintingsD.turnedLi’sdreamofopeninganexhibitionintoreality25.Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?A.Licancommunicatewithherclientseasily.B.LilostherhearingwhenshewasIyearold.C.Liandherhusbandhavecreatedmanywonderfulpaintings.DLiandherhusbandhopetobecomeillustratorsinthefuture.26.Tohelppeoplewithhearingloss,whatdoesLiintendtodo?A.Donatemoneytothem.B.Designpaintinggiftsforthem.C.Inspirethemtocreatetheirowncareers.D.Supportthemtocompletecollegeeducation.27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.D.Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhowilltry.CVastunderwatermeadows(草甸)ofgentlywavingseagrasscoverhundredsofmilesupanddowntheWestCoast.Theseblue-greenfieldsperformavarietyofimportantservices.Theyprotecttheshorelinefromerosion,clearpollutantsfromthewaterandprovidehabitatsforallkindsofmarineanimals.Newresearchsuggestsseagrassmeadowsmayalsomitigateaseriousconsequenceofgreenhousegasemissions:thesteadyacidificationofoceanwaters.ThestudypublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiologyfinds thatseagrassforestscanraisepHlevelsincoastalwaters.Astheyperformphotosynthesis(光合作用),theyremovecarbondioxidefromthewater,counteractingtheacidifyingeffectofthegas.“Ithinkweareallveryexcitedaboutit,”saidleadstudyauthorAuroraRicart,ascientistattheBigelowLaboratoryforMarineSciences.Oceanacidificationisasideeffectofrisingcarbondioxidelevelsintheatmosphere.SomeofthisCO2dissolvesoutoftheairandintothesea,causingachemicalreactionthatlowersthewater’spH.Scientistssometimesrefertoitasglobalwarming’s“eviltwin”—aninvisiblecompaniontoclimatechange.Oceanacidificationcanhaveharmfuleffectsonmarineorganismslikeshellfishandcoralbypreventingthemfromproperlyformingthehardshellstheyneedtosurvive.It’sathreatbothtonaturalecosystemsandtoshellfishfisheriesaroundtheworld.Thestudypresentsanaturalwaytoaddresstheproblem.Researchersanalyzedsixyearsofdatafromseagrassmeadowsspanningmorethan600milesofftheCaliforniacoastline.Itfocusedonthecommoneelgrass,oneofthemostwidespreadseagrassspeciesontheWestCoast.Theauthorsclaimit’sthelargest,mostcomprehensivestudyofitskind.Accordingtothestudy,seagrassecosystemscanraisepHlevelsbymorethan0.1unit,equivalenttoabouta30%decreaseinacidity.Theeffectisn’tconstant.Itcomesinwavesandisinfluencedbytemperature,daylight,oceancurrentsandotherfactorsthataffectwaterchemistryandseagrassphotosynthesisrates.Butthetemperinginfluenceonacidificationcanbelasting,sometimespersistingforuptothreeweeksatatime.ThestudyalsoshowsthatpHishigherinseagrassecosystems,comparedtonearbyareaswithnoseagrass,about65%ofthetime.Thestudydidn’tinvestigatetheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganisms—that’saquestionforfutureresearch.Butthere’sreasontobelievethesemeadowsmayhaveapositiveinfluenceonshellfishandotheroceananimals.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.SeagrassforestscanlowerpHlevelsofcoastalwaters.B.Shellfishandcoralsarenotaffectedbyoceanacidification.C.Seagrassmeadowscanhelpremovepollutantsfromtheseawater.D.TheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganismswereinvestigatedinthisstudy.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Relieve.B.Present.C.Cause.D.Predict.30.Paragraph7tellsustheresearch________.A.findingsB.processC.questionsD.reflection31.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage? A.Toillustratetheserioussituationofclimatechange.B.Topresentthelivingconditionsoftheunderwatermeadows.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofresearchonmarinepollution.D.Tointroduceanaturalwaytosolvetheproblemofoceanacidification.DWhenspecialoccasionssuchasbirthdaysorotherbigholidayeventscomearound,parentsoftenlookforthatspecialtoyfortheirchildren.Butthereisagrowingunderstandingthatgiftsoftimeandbonding,suchasvacationsandotherexperiences,makebetterandmorelastinggiftsforchildren.Expertsagreethatgiftingchildrenwithmemorabletripsandfunexperiencesisbetterfortheirbodyandmind,andhascorrespondingpositiveimpactsontherestofthefamily!Ina2017studythatsurveyedabout500womenbetween18and93yearsold,Dr.Oravecz,ahumandevelopmentandfamilystudiesprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,asked,“Mostpeoplefeellovedwhen...”Thestudyshowedthatthemostpopularanswershadnothingtodowithanymaterialitem.Dr.Oraveczsaid,“Ourresearchfoundthatmicro-momentsofpositivity,likeakindword,ahugwithachildorasympatheticexpression,makepeoplefeelmostloved.”ClinicalpsychologistOliverJamesagrees.Hestatedthatasopposedtotoys,detailsfromatriparemorelikelyto“stickwiththemforlongafterthevacationends.”Whenfamiliesinteractinastress-freeenvironment,thiscreateswarm,generousfeelingstowardsoneanother,whicharelikelytoberememberedwithfondness.Vacationscreatestrongemotionalresponsesthatdon’toftencomewithmaterialpossessions.Inaddition,BritishchildpsychologistDr.MargotSunderlandbelievesthatvacationsmakechildrensmarter.“Whatislesswidelyknownisthatvacationscanalsoadvancebraindevelopmentinchildren.Thisisbecauseonafamilyvacation,youareexercisingtwogeneticallyingrainedsystemsdeepinthebrain’slimbic(边缘的)area,whichcanalltooeasilybe‘unexercised’inthehome.”CitingtheworkofneuroscientistJaakPanksepp,Dr.Sunderlandsaid,“ThesearethePLAYsystemandtheSEEKINGsystem.”“Thebrain’sPLAYsystemisexercisedeverytimeyouburyyourchild’sfeetinthesandortakethemforarideonyourback.TheSEEKINGsystemisexercisedeachtimeyougoexploringtogether:thebeach,acave,ahiddenvillage...”Shecontinued,“Sowhenyoutakeyourchildonavacation,youaresupportingtheirexplorativeurge(SEEKINGsystem)—avitalresourceforlivinglifewell,andtheircapacitytoplay(PLAYsystem).Inadulthood,thistranslatesintotheabilitytoplaywithideas—essential,forexample,tothesuccessfulentrepreneur(企业家).”Inabusyhousehold,perhapsthefunofhavingthelatesttoymaynotlast,butthespaceitoccupiesinthehousecouldbethereandgatherdust.Soforthenextroundofgift-givingwiththechildren,consideranexperientialgift instead.Thereturnisdefinitelypriceless.32.FromDr.Oravecz’sstudy,weknowthat________.A.hearingkindwordscanmakeapersonfeelmostlovedB.aspecialtoyforabirthdayismorelastingforchildrenC.womenattheageof18and93yearsoldfeelmorelovedD.thefeelingofbeinglovediscloselyrelatedtomaterialgifts33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thecapacitytoplaycantranslateintotheabilitytoseek.B.TheSEEKINGsystemcandevelopwhenadventuringinthewild.C.PLAYandSEEKINGsystemsaremoreeasilyexercisedathome.D.Buryingyourchild’sfeetinthemudisexercisingtheSEEKINGsystem.34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.A.materialgiftsarebetterforachild’sbodyandmindB.childrenspendingvacationswiththeirparentsaremoregenerousC.tripswithfamilycanformbetteremotionalinteractionsthanmaterialgiftsD.vacationswithemployeesareawasteoftimeforasuccessfulentrepreneur第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hasanyoneevertoldyou,“Standupstraight!”orscoldedyouforsittinglazilyatafamilydinner?Commentslikethatmightbeannoying,butthey’renotwrong.____35____Itisthefoundationforeverymovementyourbodymakes,andcandeterminehowwellyourbodyadaptstothestressesonit.Thesestressescanbethingslikecarryingweight,orsittinginanawkwardposition.____36____Ifyourpostureisn’tgoodenough,yourmuscleshavetoworkhardertokeepyouuprightandbalanced.Somemuscleswillbecometightandinflexible.____37____Itincreasesthelikelihoodofaccidents,andmakessomeorgans,likeyourlungs,lessefficient.Sowhatdoesgoodposturelooklike?Ifyou’resitting,yourneckshouldbevertical,nottiltedforward.Yourshouldersshouldberelaxedwithyourarmsclosetoyourtrunk.Yourkneesshouldbeatarightanglewithyourfeetflatonthefloor.Butwhatifyourposturecan’tbethatgreat?____38____Forexample,adjustyourscreensoit’satorslightlybeloweyelevel.Makesureallpartsofyourbody,likeyourelbowsandwrists,aresupported. It’salsonotenoughtojusthavegoodposture.Keepingyourmusclesandjointsmovingisextremelyimportant.Infact,beingstillforlongperiodswithgoodposturecanbeworsethanregularmovementwithbadposture.____39____Andbesuretoexercise.Usingyourmuscleswillkeepthemstrongenoughtosupportyoueffectively,ontopofalltheotherbenefitstoyourjoints,bones,brainandheart.A.Tryredesigningyourenvironment.B.Youadjustyourbodyunlessyoufeeltired.C.Soifyousitalot,getupandmovearoundonoccasion.D.Andthebigonethatweallexperienceeverydayisgravity.E.Besides,poorpostureleadstoextrawearandtearonyourjoints.F.Posturecaneveninfluenceyouremotionalstateandyoursensitivitytopain.G.Yourposturereferstothewayyouholdyourbodywhenyou’resittingorstanding.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Throughoutourlives,wearefacedwithmanydifferentlearningexperiences.Someoftheseexperienceshavemademoreofanimpactthanothers.Thiscanbeduetodifferentintelligencesorlearningstyles.Aperson’slearningstyleor“intelligence”isthemethodthroughwhichtheygaininformationmosteasily.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligenceswasproposedin1983byDr.GardnerinhisbookFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,anditsuggeststhattraditionalideasaboutintelligence,measuredbystandardizedIQtests,areverylimited.Accordingtohim,eightdifferentintelligencesareproposedtodescribetherangeofdifferentabilitiesinchildrenandadults.Theyare:linguisticintelligence,logical-mathematicalintelligence,spatialintelligence,bodily-kinestheticintelligence,musicalintelligence,interpersonalintelligence,intrapersonalintelligence,andnaturalisticintelligence.Someschoolsfocusattentiononlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.However,Dr.Gardnersaysthatweshouldplaceequalattentiononpeoplewhopossesstheotherintelligences:designers,athletes,musicians,salesmen,psychologists,andbiologists.Educationcanbemuchmoreinterestingandhelpmorestudentstolearnmoreeffectivelyifteachersareencouragedtopresentlessonsinawidevarietyofwaysusingmusic,groupwork,artactivities,role-play,multimedia,fieldtrips,amongothers.Thegoodnewsisthathundredsofschoolsarecurrentlyusingthetheoryofmultipleintelligencestodesignthewaytheyeducatechildren.Bydoingso,studentswillperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds.Understandingastudent’slearningstylecanhelplaterinlifeandlead themintoamorefulfillingcareerdirection.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligencesalsogivesadultsawholenewwaytolookattheirlives,examiningpotentialsthattheyleftbehindintheirchildhood,suchasaloveforartordrama.Theymaynowhavetheopportunitytodevelopthesethroughhobbiesorotherprogramsofself-development.40.Accordingtothepassage,whatisaperson’slearningstyle?__________________________________________________________________________41.WhatdoesDr.Gardnerusetheeightintelligencestodescribe?__________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tohelpstudentsperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds,schoolsshouldfocusonlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.__________________________________________________________________________43.Whichintelligencedoyouwanttodevelopmost?Why?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问，你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.简要介绍主要活动安排；3.表达美好祝愿注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfriends,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________