高考英语（话题版）一轮讲义：高考话题（3）旅游与交通

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旅游与交通高考话题三

1话题解读“旅游与交通”是高中新课程标准24话题之一，该话题包括交通运输方式、国内外旅游、交通规则、指路与问路、咨询与预订食宿、行程描述等方面。这些话题与学生的日常生活关系密切。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解旅游与交通的相关知识，培养学生热爱生活的健康情操。

2高考探究“旅游与交通”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空等相结合进行考查，分值所占比重较高。例如2016年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇；2016全国卷Ⅰ语法填空；2014年新课标全国卷Ⅱ完形填空；2014年安徽卷完形填空；2010四川卷完形填空等。

3假设你是河南某旅行社业务营销主管李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于十月来中国旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点情况。请你根据以下信息，写一封回信，向Nick介绍该套时尚旅游产品。下面是一套时尚旅游产品——“中原现代化新型农村游”的情况。话题晨背积累素材

4话题佳作景点特色·避开城市喧闹，享受田园风光；·新农村的住房以及娱乐设施(咖啡厅、酒吧、自由降落等)；·提供农家食宿服务及家庭生活设备(汽车、游泳池、计算机、家用电器等)。相关信息气候适宜，交通方便参考词汇：娱乐、消遣的recreational；家用电器electricalhouseholdappliances

5佳作欣赏DearNick，I’mgladtohearthatyou’retravelingtoHenanProvinceinOctober.Now，I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutasetoffashionabletourismproductscalled“AvisittotheZhongyuanmodernvillages”.

6Asyouknow，theruralareaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe，sothevisittotheZhongyuanmodernvillagesisawisechoiceifyouwanttogetawayfromthenoisycityandenjoyagreatviewofthecountryscenery.Enteringthevillage，you’llfindnumbersofnewly-builtcottagesandmanyrecreationalattractionssuchaspleasantcafes，livelybarsandexcitingfreefalls.Hereyou’llbeoffereda“ruralhomestay”serviceandcanevensharecars，swimmingpools，computersandmanyelectricalhouseholdappliancesaswell.Besides，theniceweatherandconvenienttransportationherecanmakeyourtripmoreenjoyable.I’mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely，LiHua

7名师点睛本文思路清晰，语言准确。在行文过程中，宾语从句、表语从句、条件状语从句、过去分词短语作定语、现在分词短语作状语，“make＋宾语＋宾补”等高级句式及结构和诸如asyouknow，nolonger，getawayfrom，enjoyagreatviewof，suchas，aswell，besides等高级词汇运用得恰到好处，使文章亮点纷呈。

8词句排查语境巩固直击重点突破考点内容索引研究高考与话题提高词汇运用能力

9词句排查语境巩固

101.vt.吸引；引起→adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→n.吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人2.vt.阻塞；阻挡3.vt.预订；预约4.vi.&n.拖延，延误，延期；耽搁5.n.不利条件；弱点attractattractiveattractionblockbookⅠ.写作必记单词重点单词1delaydisadvantage

116.vt.预订；保留→n.预订；保留意见→adj.预订的，保留的7.vt.满足；使满意→n.满意，满足→adj.感到满意的→adj.令人满意的reservereservationreservedsatisfysatisfactionsatisfiedsatisfying

128.n.速度v.(使)加速9.n.陷阱vt.使陷入困境speedtrap

1310.abroadadv._________11.accidentn._____12.accommodationn._____13.agentn._______________14.alternativen.______adj.__________15.amazingadj.________→vt.使吃惊；使惊讶→adj.吃惊的；惊愕的在/到国外事故膳宿代理人，经纪人选择Ⅱ.阅读识记单词可供选择的惊人的amazeamazed

1416.attractiveadj.___________________17.baggage/luggagen._____18.crashvt.&n.___________19.crowdedadj.________→n.人群；观众vt.挤满；使拥挤20.destinationn._____________迷人的，有吸引力的行李碰撞，撞击拥挤的crowd目的地，终点

1521.guidancen.___________→n.向导，导游vt.带领，引导22.impressiveadj.___________________________23.insurancen._____24.packn._______vt.___________25.passengern.__________引导；指导guide给人印象深刻的；令人钦佩的保险包，捆打包，包装乘客，旅客

1626.queuen.___________27.routen.___________28.scenen.___________29.siten.___________30.spotn.___________vt.___________31.suitcasen._____________行列，长队路线；路程风景；景色地点；遗址地点；场所认出；发现衣箱；手提箱

1732.sceneryn._________________33.touristn._______________→vt.巡回演出n.观光；旅游→n.旅游(业)34.trafficn._______________35.voyagen.___________风景，景色，风光旅行者，观光者tourtourism交通；来往车辆航行；旅行

18语境活用[用所给词的正确形式填空]1.Aftercompletingmytraining，Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproper(accommodate).(2014·广东)2.Hundredsofpeoplehaveformed(impress)ofyouthroughthatlittledevice(装置)onyourdesk.(2016·全国Ⅱ)3.Nomatterhow(attract)theylookinthestore，onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry，hardandtasteless.(2015·全国Ⅰ)4.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcontinuedparental_________(guide)tocollegestudents？(2016·北京)accommodationimpressionsattractiveguidance

195.Thoughnotverybig，therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalways(crowd)withcustomersatmealtimes.(2016·全国Ⅰ)6.Andbydoingso，Ichangedanunhappyexperienceintothemost(amaze)adventureofmylife.(2016·浙江)7.Hehadmorejob(satisfy)，abettermarriageandwashealthier.(2016·天津)8.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtection(agent)notesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction，distribution，anduseofproductsallresultingreenhousegasrelease.”(2015·江苏)crowdedamazingsatisfactionAgency

201.对……有吸引力2.针对；旨在3.被……迷住4.被困在5.难以形容6.实施7.登记入住高频短语2appealtobeaimedatbestruckbybe/getstuckinbeyonddescriptioncarryoutcheckin

218.结账离开9.引起；促成；有助于10.玩得很开心11.耽搁，推迟12.撞上13.投宿14.加速；加快15.起飞checkoutcontributetohaveagoodtime/havefunholdupknockinto/againstputupspeeduptakeoff

22语境活用[运用上述短语完成片段]LastmonthourfamilytravelledtoZhangjiajiebyplane.Whentheplane1.(起飞)，we2.(被……迷住)thesceneryinthesky.AfterwearrivedinZhangjiajie，wedecidedto3.(住宿)inagoodhotel.Atlastwefoundoneand4.(登记入住).TheseconddaywebegantotravelinZhangjiajie.Thebeautifulscenerywas5.(难以形容)and6.(对……有吸引力)usverymuch.We7.(玩得很高兴)there，andthreedayslaterwe8.(结账离开)fromthehotelandwenthome.tookoffwerestruckbyputupbeyonddescriptioncheckedinappealedtohadagoodtime/hadgreatfuncheckedout

231.It＋be＋adj.＋todosth.It’sveryconvenienttogettherebytakingBusesNo.17,69or59besidesSubwayLine2.除了乘坐地铁2号线，乘坐17路、69路或59路公共汽车到那里也很方便。仿写让你的孩子追随你的足迹是不明智的。(2016·天津)yourchildtofollowyourpath.经典句式3Itisunwisetoexpect

242.AsisknowntousallAsisknowntousall，MountHuashanisfamousforitsbreathtakingcliffsanditsuniquecharacteristics.正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。仿写众所周知，每年有几百万大学毕业生拥向劳务市场。(2016·陕西西工大附中一模)，millionsofgraduatescrowdintothejobmarketeachyear.Asisknowntousall

253.on/upon＋名词或动名词Onarrivingatthetopofthehill，weweredeeplyattractedbythebeautifulscenery.一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里美丽的风景所吸引。仿写一看到那条蛇，小女孩就十分害怕。，thegirlwasveryfrightened.Onseeingthesnake

264.themoment引导时间状语从句Themomentwearrived，weweregivenawarmwelcomebythelocalpeople.我们一到达就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。仿写我一到巴黎，就有一对不错的法国夫妇来迎接我，他们将成为我的寄宿父母。，IwasgreetedbyaniceFrenchcouplewhowouldbecomemyhostparents.Themoment/instant/minuteIarrivedinParis

275.Wh-ever引导的名词性从句Whoeverignorestrafficruleswillgetpunishedmoreseverely.任何违背交通规章制度的人将受到严厉的惩罚。仿写你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。(2016·北京)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.helps.Whateveryoucando

28直击重点突破考点边讲边练突破核心词汇自主训练突破常考词汇点拨规律突破经典句型

29(1)Eventheyoungestchildrenintheclasswereattractedbythestory.甚至最小的孩子也被这个故事所吸引。(2016·四川)(2)Hernewclothesare.她的新衣服引起了很大关注。attractingalotofattention1attractvt.吸引；引来突破核心词汇边讲边练

30(1)attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意attractsb.to...把某人吸引到……；吸引某人关注……(2)attractionn.吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的事物或人havenoattractionforsb.对某人没有吸引力(3)attractiveadj.有吸引力的；引人注意的

31基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Ihavenoattractionhim.(2)TheGreatWallissuchawellknowntourist(attract)thatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.(3)Ithoughthewasvery(attract)andobviouslyveryintelligent.(4)Thetourismresourcesinthisareahavebeenwellexploitedinthelastfewyears，(attract)tensofthousandsoftouristseveryyear.(5)AllthisattractedhimtheItaliangirl.forattractionattractiveattracting层级训练to

32写作能力提升——[句式升级](6)Hewasattractedbythebeautyanddidn’twanttoleaverightnow.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)，hedidn’twanttoleaverightnow.Attractedbythebeauty

33(1)Andthelongerwedelayit，themoretiredwefeel.我们拖延得越久，就会感到越疲劳。(2016·天津)(2)Neversomethingyoushouldfinishtoday.今日事今日毕。2delayv.延迟；延期；推迟n.延期；延误delaydoingdelaydoingsth.延迟做某事withoutdelay立即；毫不耽搁

34[完成句子](1)得知我陷入困境后，他立即赶来帮助我。HavinglearnedthatIwasintrouble，he.(2)我推迟出国是由于我生病了。isduetomyillness.cametomyaidwithoutdelayMydelayingoingabroad即时训练

353satisfyvt.满足，使满意(1)Hesatisfiedhismotherbycleaningupthekitchen.他打扫了厨房，让他母亲很高兴。(2)，mysonhasbeenabsorbedinhisstudy.令我满意的是，我儿子已经在专心学习了。Tomysatisfaction

36(1)satisfy/meetone’sneeds/demands满足某人的要求(2)satisfactionn.满意；满足；令人满意的事/物in/withsatisfaction满意地toone’ssatisfaction使某人满意的是(3)satisfiedadj.满意的besatisfiedtodo.../with...做/对……感到满意(4)satisfyingadj.令人满意的

37基础知识训练——[用satisfy的正确形式填空](1)Noneoftheseisparticularly.(2)Wejustcan’tfindenoughgoodsecondhandcarsdemands.(3)FromhisvoiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.satisfyingtosatisfysatisfied层级训练

38写作能力提升——[句式升级](4)Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoessatisfieshisboss.(用besatisfiedwith改写)Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthat____________________.hisbossisnotsatisfiedwithanythinghedoes

39(1)Amandafeltthatmarriagewasatrap.阿曼达觉得婚姻是一个陷阱。(朗文词典)(2)Shetheburninghouseatthatmoment.那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。4trapn.夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套v.使困住，使陷于；使落网wastrappedinbecaughtinatrap＝fallintoatrap落入陷阱betrappedin被困在……trapsb.intodoing...诱骗某人做……

40基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Wereyoujusttryingtotraphermakingamistakendecision?(2)HermotherDonna(trap)inthedestroyedbuilding.(3)MarysetatrapforPeterandhereallyfellit.写作能力提升——[句式升级](4)Hewastrappedinatrafficjam，sohehadtobepatient，waiting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)，hehadtobepatient，waiting.intowastrapped层级训练intoTrappedinatrafficjam

41(1)Wetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappealtoouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.相对于直白的事实，我们对于激发自己感觉或唤起自己情感的事物，记忆往往更加深刻。(2015·浙江)(2)Musicme.音乐几乎引不起我的兴趣。5appealto呼吁；恳求；吸引haslittle/noappealfor

42(1)appealtosb.for/todo...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……makeanappealtosb.向某人提出呼吁havenoappealforsb.引不起某人的兴趣(2)appealingadj.吸引人的；恳求的

43基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Theideaofaholidayabroadiscertainly(appeal).(2)Wemadeanappealthevillagersmoneytobuildthebridge.写作能力提升——[同义句改写](3)Ontheotherhand，theideaattractedhim.Ontheotherhand，theideahim.(4)Heappealedtootherleaderstodonatetothecause.Heotherleaderstodonatetothecause.(appealn.)appealingto层级训练appealedtomadeanappealtofor

44carryon继续；坚持,carryaway拿走；冲走；吸引住,carryback将……送/带回原地；使某人记起,carrythrough达成；贯彻；使渡过难关(1)Myplanhasnotbeencarriedoutwitheffect.我的计划未被有效地执行。(2)Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusy_________aconversationwithher.我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。(2016·天津)6carryout执行；实施；履行；完成tocarryon

45[单句语法填空](1)I’mdeterminedtocarrythisinspiteofdifficulties.(2)Policesaytheybelievetheattackswerecarriedbynationalists.(3)Floodscancarrytrees，hillsides，carsandevenhouses.(4)Thesightcarriedmetomydaysinthearmy.through即时训练outawayback

46(1)Doessmokingcontributetolungcancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？(2)Whothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?谁对美国的民权运动作出了巨大贡献？(2016·全国Ⅰ)7contributeto引起；导致madeagreatcontributionto

47(1)contribute...to...把……贡献给……；把时间投入到……；给……捐款(2)makeacontribution/contributionsto对……作出贡献；捐款名师点拨contributeto中的to为介词，后跟动词时，应用-ing形式。图解助记

48基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Wehopeyoursuggestionwillcontributeto(solve)theproblem.(2)Isuggestthatyoudevelopthedailyhabitofacknowledgingothersandpraisingthemforany(contribute)thattheymaketoyourlife.(3)Herfamilyhavecontributed50,000thefund.写作能力提升——[同义句改写](4)Variousfactorscontributedtohisdownfall.Variousfactors___________________________________________________hisdownfall.solvingcontribution层级训练toresultedin/ledto/wereresponsiblefor/caused/broughtabout

49(1)Toshowthis，shehelduponechopstick，representingoneperson.为了说明这点，她举起一根筷子，代表一个人。(2015·安徽)(2)Wecanstayhereforaslongasoursupplies.我们的供应品能维持多久，我们就能在这里呆多久。(3)Themomentyouthinkaboutgivingup，thinkofthereasonwhyyousolong.每当你想放弃的时候，想一想你坚持这么久的原因。8holdup举起；支撑起；耽搁；抢劫holdoutholdon

50holdback阻挡；抑制；克制；控制holdonto抓住；保留holdout伸出；维持；给予希望；使有可能holdon(电话用语)别挂断，等一下；坚持；紧紧抓住

51基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Hehadtoholdtearsassheleft.(2)Wemustholdandbelievewecanovercomethedifficulties.(3)Theroofisheldbywood.(4)Heheldonabranchuntilwecametohisrescue.backout层级训练upto

52写作能力提升——[一句多译](5)在回家的路上，他们遇到了交通堵塞。①Onthewayhome，inatrafficjam.(hold)②Onthewayhome，inatrafficjam.(stick)theywerehelduptheygotstuck

53(1)InKorea，youshouldtakeoffyourshoeswhenenteringahouse.在韩国，当进入房子的时候，你应该脱掉鞋子。(2)Hedidnotparticularlywanttoacompetitivesport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。9takeoff脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行；请假；匆匆离开takeuptakedown拆除；写下takealong随身带着takeback带回；收回takeup拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用；从事

54[写出下列句子中takeoff的汉语意思](1)Theplanetookoffontime.____(2)Sheaskedtotaketwodaysoffthefollowingweek.____(3)Hetookoffhiscoatassoonasheenteredhisroom.____(4)HersingingcareertookoffafterherTVappearance._________起飞请假即时训练脱下(事业)腾飞

55[单句语法填空](5)IwantyoutotakeeverywordIsay.(6)Itookmymothertotheconcertyesterday.(7)WetooktheCDplayerbecauseitdidn’tworkwell.(8)Hegrabbedhisbagandtakeforthemeeting.(9)Let’stakethepresentationwherewestoppedbeforelunch.downalongbackoffup

56[单句语法填空](1)Whenwesawtheroad(block)withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.(2)Afterthestorm，manytalltreeswereblowndown，(block)outtheroads.(3)Onceyoulearnhowtoblockyoursurroundings，yourfocuswillimprove.blockvt.阻塞；阻挡blockedblockingout突破常考词汇自主训练10

57block表示“块”，通常是指带有直边或比较硬的材料构成的“块”，如木块、石块等。而汉语中的“一块面包”“一块肉”，不宜用block，可用piece，slice等。名师点拨

58[单句语法填空](1)Franklyspeaking，Ihavelittlemoneyreserve.(2)I’llcalltherestauranttomakea(reserve).(3)Ireservemyfavorablecommentsmyformermonitor.(4)Irecommendhimreservation，asIbelieveyouwillappreciatehisabilityinhisstudies.11reservev.贮存；保留；预订；保护n.储备；贮藏；保护区inreservationwithoutfor

5912putup竖起，建造，搭建；举起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出(意见等)[写出下列句子中putup的汉语意思](1)SheputupanoticeabouttheschooltriptoItaly._____(2)Severalofthebankshavedecidedtoputuptheirinterestrates.____(3)IwaswetbeforeIcouldputmyumbrellaup._____(4)WouldyoubeabletoputmeupforthenightwhenIcometoLondon？_____(5)Clarefirstputuptheideaofholdingaconcerttoraisemoneyfortheschool._____(6)Johnwasinthegardenputtingafenceup.__________张贴提高举起留宿提出建造，搭建

60putup意思较多，请注意在语境中加以体会。名师点拨

6113speedup加速；加快[单句语法填空](1)Weweretravelingaspeedofthirtymilesanhour.(2)Onceoutsidethestation，thetrainbegantopickspeed.(3)We’dbetterspeedifwewanttobeontime.(4)Thetrainisgoinghighspeed.(5)Ourcarwasrunningallspeedontheexpressway.atupupatwith

62(1)Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.父母感觉很难和青少年在一起生活。(2014·广东)(2)tomakeaspeechhere.被邀请在这里演讲是一种荣幸。句型：It＋be＋adj.＋todosth.14It’sveryconvenienttogettherebytakingBusesNo.17，69or59besidesSubwayLine2.除了乘坐地铁2号线，乘坐17路、69路或59路公共汽车到那里也很方便。突破经典句型点拨规律It’sanhonourtobeinvited

63(1)在此结构中，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，其基本结构为：Itbe＋adj./n.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.。(2)在“Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.”句型中，形容词说明不定式所表示的行为的性质和特点。能用于该结构的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(3)在“Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.”句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格、性质等，能用于该结构的形容词有nice，good，stupid，silly，careful等。

64基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Itisdifficult(get)alongwellwithhim.(2)isnoteasytolearnphysicswell.(3)Itisimpossiblehimtosleeponsuchasmallbed.(4)Itiscarelessyoutomakesomanymistakesintheexam.写作能力提升——[句式升级](5)Tolearntherighthabitsatanearlyageisimportant.(用it作形式主语改写)therighthabitsatanearlyage.togetIt层级训练forofItisimportanttolearn

65(1)Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor，andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.他们发现顾客在进门最初的几秒钟就做出了决定，并把它转化为一个商机。(2015·重庆)(2)Ihadgoneoutitbegantorain.我刚走到外面就开始下雨了。句型：on/upon＋名词或动名词15Onarrivingatthetopofthehill，weweredeeplyattractedbythebeautifulscenery.一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里美丽的风景所吸引。nosoonerthan

66(1)on/upon＋n./doingsth.表示“一……就……”，相当于assoonas引导的时间状语从句。(2)表示“一……就……”的还有：assoonas/themoment/theinstant/theminute＋从句immediately/instantly/directly＋从句hardly/scarcely...when...nosooner...than...(3)在hardly/scarcely...when...和nosooner...than...中，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。当hardly，scarcely，nosooner放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。

67基础知识训练——[单句改错](1)Onfinishedhishomework，hewenttotheplaygroundtotakeexercise.finishing层级训练

68写作能力提升——[句式升级](2)Assoonashearrivedatthestation，hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.①，hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.(on/upondoing)②，hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.(on/upon＋名词)(3)IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.(用nosooner...than...改为倒装句)On/UponarrivingatthestationOn/UponhisarrivalatthestationNosoonerhadIseenhimthanIrecognizedhim.

69(1)Iwanttoseehimthemomenthearrives.他一到达我就想去看他。(牛津词典)(2)IsawSuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.我第一次见到SuzyKhan，我就知道我必须帮助她。(2014·北京)句型：themoment引导时间状语从句16Themomentwearrived，weweregivenawarmwelcomebythelocalpeople.我们一到达就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。Thefirsttime

70themoment用作连词，表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：theinstant，theminute，thesecond，thefirsttime，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。forthefirsttime在句中只能作状语，不具有连词功能，不能用来引导状语从句。名师点拨

71基础知识训练——[单句改错](1)Naturally，youwerenervouswhenyouwentontheplatformthefirsttime.写作能力提升——[同义句改写](2)Alishafellasleepthemomentshegotintobed.①Alishafellasleep.(用assoonas改写)②Alishafellasleep.(用以-ly结尾的连词改写)层级训练∧forassoonasshegotintobedimmediately/directly/instantlyshegotintobed

72研究高考与话题提高词汇运用能力话题下的阅读理解话题下的完形填空话题下的书面表达

73阅读理解话题下的(2016·全国Ⅱ)AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley’spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海难)，byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest，underfreezingwater，inthedamagedwoodenship.

74TheshipwastheEndurance，asmall，tight，Norwegian-builtthree-masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall，tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica’sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.

75AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwellresearchedstoryTheEndurance，adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott’slastjourney，completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger，caughttheworld’simagination，andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton，aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908，startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley，aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic，washiredtomaketheimages，mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.

7633.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A.Theyweremadelastweek.B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck...”可知，这些照片记录的是一次海难。√答案解析333435

7734.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A.FrankHurley.B.ErnestShackleton.C.RobertFalconScott.D.CarolineAlexander.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912...”可知，最先到达南极的是RobertFalconScott。√答案解析333435

7835.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A.Artisticcreation.B.Scientificresearch.C.Moneymaking.D.Treasurehunting.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.”及“...startabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.”可知，Alexander认为他1914年航行的目的就是为了挣钱发财。√答案解析333435

79名师指津1.抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络通过阅读文章可知，这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是FrankHurley收集的照片把过去一次不成功的南极洲的旅行活动重新展现了出来，并介绍了与这次航海活动相关的具体内容。

80文章具体脉络如下：

812.总结解题规律，提高解题能力细微甄别，排除干扰，提高答题准确率阅读理解题当中的正确选项往往是命题人把阅读材料中的内容和信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。一般而言，答案项的设置采用以下几种方式：(1)选用原文中的词句；(2)利用原文词句的同义词或相似结构；(3)使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构；(4)答案是对生词或长难句的解释；(5)答案是对原文词句或段落的归纳、推理或演绎。在做题过程中要注意仔细甄别，排除其他三个干扰项。

82干扰项的设置通常有以下五种方式：(1)颠倒黑白。颠倒黑白即选项和原文的基本观点或者事实相反。原文说东，选项说西；原文说好，选项说坏。这种选项如果和文章的主题、作者的态度或者重要具体内容有关，可以很容易辨析出来。如果和细节有关或者和某一个复杂句式、特殊表达相关，则难度可能会很大。本文三题均考查了细节理解题。在做题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。如33题中的A项“Theyweremadelastweek.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据第二段第一句“FrankHurley’spictures...undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.”可知，如果这些照片是上周所拍，那么就会是一流的。而实际上这些照片是1914年左右拍摄的。说明A项明显错误。

83(2)张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。(3)偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。

84(4)无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。(5)以偏概全。考生在做主旨大意题、标题归纳题或推理判断题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。

856.photographyn.____7.adventuren.___________8.collectionofphotos_____9.acrossthecontinent_________10.treasurehunting______________话题词汇重现1.voyagen.___________2.crewn.__________3.seamann.___________4.passagen._____5.journeyn.___________航海；航行全体船员海员；水手通道旅行；旅程摄影冒险；奇遇影集穿越大陆寻宝活动/游戏

86完形填空话题下的(2010·四川)Recently，IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.Aswewereabouttoarrive，thepilotannouncedwithapologythattherewouldbeaslight21beforesettingdown.21.A.mistakeB.delayC.changeD.wind由下文可知，飞机受沙漠大风影响要延时着陆，故此处应是delay(延迟)。√答案解析

87Highdesertwindshad22theairporttocloseallbutonerunway.22.A.forcedB.warnedC.sweptD.reminded句意为：强烈的沙漠大风迫使机场只留一条跑道，而关闭其他所有跑道。forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事。答案解析√

88Hesaidthatwewouldbe23thecityforafewminuteswaitingto24.23.A.watchingB.visitingC.circlingD.crossing由生活常识可知，飞机不着陆时，应是在某个地方的上空“盘旋(circle)”。答案解析√

89Hesaidthatwewouldbe23thecityforafewminuteswaitingto24.24.A.arriveB.enterC.stopD.land飞机盘旋不止，当然是正等待“着陆(land)”了。答案解析√

90Wewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbeltsfastened25theremightbeafewbumps(颠簸).25.A.ifB.thoughC.becauseD.while句意为：同时我们也被告知要坐在座位上，系好安全带，因为可能会有几次颠簸。由句意知上下句之间构成因果关系，故用because。答案解析√

91Well，thatfewminutesturnedintoaboutforty-fiveminutes，includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster(过山车)26bycomparison.26.A.lightB.paleC.easyD.quick此处句意指“相比之下，飞机的颠簸使过山车黯然失色”，意即飞机颠簸得厉害。pale苍白的；相形见绌的；黯然失色的。答案解析√

92Themovementwassofiercethatseveralpassengersfelt27andhadtouseairsicknessbags.27.A.sickB.nervousC.angryD.afraid本题关键是理解“airsicknessbags(晕机袋)”。既然不得不使用晕机袋了，那肯定是部分乘客因为飞机颠簸而感到恶心。sick恶心的，符合语境。nervous和afraid属于同义词，可排除掉；angry不符合语境。答案解析√

93Asyoumightguess，that’snotagoodthingtohavehappenina(n)28spacebecauseitonly29toincreasethediscomfortofthesituation.28.A.emptyB.narrowC.secretD.open本句应理解为：在飞机如此“狭小的(narrow)”空间内呕吐并不是一件好事，因为它只会增加形势的不安。答案解析√

94Asyoumightguess，that’snotagoodthingtohavehappenina(n)28spacebecauseitonly29toincreasethediscomfortofthesituation.29.A.happensB.continuesC.failsD.serveshappentodosth.碰巧做某事；continuetodosth.继续做某事；failtodosth.未能做成某事；servetodosth.作用是做某事，服务于做某事。由句意可知应选D项。答案解析√

95Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure，theentireairplanebecamevery30.30.A.quietB.hotC.dirtyD.crowded此时的机舱内应是非常“安静的”，因此才有下文中听见孩子的笑声。答案解析√

96Therewasnowasenseofanxietyandfearthatcouldbe31noticed.31.A.partlyB.graduallyC.shortlyD.clearly此时乘客们的焦虑和恐惧“明显地”被观察到，用clearly。partly部分地；gradually逐渐地；shortly不久之后，很快。答案解析√

97Everypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife...exceptone.A32washavingagoodtime！32.A.pilotB.babyC.guardD.man此处应是“baby”，和下文“wegrown-ups”形成对比。答案解析√

98Witheachbumpofthe33，hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofdelight.AsIobservedthis，I34thathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis35.33.A.seatsB.passengersC.flightD.airplane由句意知应是“飞机”的每次颠簸。答案解析√

99Witheachbumpofthe33，hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofdelight.AsIobservedthis，I34thathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis35.34.A.realizedB.hopedC.agreedD.insisted句意为：我通过观察，才“意识到(realize)”这个孩子并不知道他应该害怕或是担心自己的安全。hope希望；agree同意；insist坚持认为。答案解析√

100Witheachbumpofthe33，hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofdelight.AsIobservedthis，I34thathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis35.35.A.healthB.safetyC.joyD.future见上题解析。答案解析√

101Heneitherthoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefuture.Thosearewhatwegrown-upshavelearnedfrom36.36.A.teachersB.booksC.experienceD.practice为将来、过去考虑是我们成年人从“阅历”中学到的。故选C项。答案解析√

102Hewas37theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis，Itookadeepbreathand38backintomyseat，pretendingIwas39onarollercoaster.37.A.learningB.takingC.missingD.enjoying孩子很“享受”这样的飞机，因为他还不知道害怕，故用enjoy。答案解析√

103Hewas37theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis，Itookadeepbreathand38backintomyseat，pretendingIwas39onarollercoaster.38.A.satB.layC.wentD.rode我深深地吸了一口气，放松地“坐”回到自己的座位上去。答案解析√

104Hewas37theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis，Itookadeepbreathand38backintomyseat，pretendingIwas39onarollercoaster.39.A.nearlyB.finallyC.reallyD.suddenly此时的我假装自己“真地(really)”是在坐过山车，由句中的pretending暗示此处要用really。答案解析√

105Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ieven40togiggleonceortwice，muchtothechagrin(懊恼)ofthemansittingnexttomeholdingtheairsicknessbag.40.A.attemptedB.managedC.wantedD.decidedattempttodo试图去做(但未必成功)；managetodo努力/设法做到了；wanttodo想要做；decidetodo决定去做。由句意知在那种形势下，我甚至真地笑出声来，这也使坐在我旁边的正在晕机的乘客更加懊恼。答案解析√

106名师指津1.抓住话题词汇，理清文章脉络，得出主旨大意快速阅读文章，根据文中“flew，pilot，airplane，airport，passenger”等话题词汇以及“Recently，IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.”和“thepilotannouncedwithapologythat...beforesettingdown”等关键信息句可知，本篇文章的话题背景是“旅游与交通”，是一篇记叙文。

107文章的脉络如下：综上所述，可得出本文的主旨大意：乘飞机出行遇到危险和困难时，不妨以孩子的那种无知者无畏的心态去面对。

1082.依据话题主线，调整逻辑思维，准确解答题目“旅游与交通”话题多以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为体裁，题材多涉及旅游经历、交通工具、旅行感受等。在解题时紧紧围绕这条主线，速读全文，掌握大意，调整逻辑，然后细读做题。例如：24题：由话题背景“坐飞机出行”特别是上文信息“beforesettingdown”和“Highdesertwinds”可知，飞机难以着陆，此时飞机正在盘旋不止，等待着陆。故可推知答案为D。

10935题：根据话题背景及前文bump一词可知，飞机飞行途中遇到了危险，出现安全问题，故答案为B。38题：根据话题背景以及前文的“tookadeepbreath”，“backintomyseat”可知，我坐回到座位上，故答案为A。

110书面表达话题下的(2015·江苏)请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。1.Theotherday，anetizen(网民)sharedaphotoonSinaWeibo.Itwasaboutanoldladystandinginfrontofacarthatwasonabicyclelane，andinsistingthatitleavethetrack.Thephotodrewabout7，000commentsonthesocialmediaplatform.Despitethethumbsup(点赞)giventotheoldlady，somearguedthatattentionshouldbepaidtoourheavyroadtraffic.

1112.Someridersofe-bikesandbicyclescomeandgoinalldirections，ignoringtrafficlightsandothervehicles.Suchruderidingcontributestothedisorderoftraffic.Thustheavoidableroadaccidentsbecomeunavoidable.3.From2005to2014，thetotalnumberofprivatecarsinChinarosesharplyfrom32millionto154million.Currently，Chinahad15%oftheworld’stotalvehicles.

112写作内容1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2.结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；3.根据你的分析，从社会规范(rulesandregulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。

113写作要求1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.不必写标题。评分标准内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

114审题谋篇第一步　明确要求本篇属于“材料＋图形＋提纲类”的说明文，要求是根据文字及图表，先用30个单词概述其主要内容，然后结合所给信息简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因，最后根据分析，从社会规范和个人行为两方面谈谈自己得到的启示。时态应以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主。

115第二步　确定段落写这篇文章时，可分三段来写：第一段：用30个单词概述所给信息的主要内容；第二段：分析导致交通问题的主要原因；第三段：从社会规范和个人行为两方面谈谈自己得到的启示。

116第三步　提炼要点1.典型例子_______________2.尽管__________3.更糟糕的是______________4.至关重要的__________5.与……相关的____________6.混乱状态________7.遵守交通法规__________________________8.使我们的社会保持有序状态_______________________typicalexampleinspiteofwhat’sworsebevitaltoberelatedtoinchaosobserve/obeythetrafficruleskeepoursocietyinorder

117第四步　句式升级1.它不仅仅影响我们的日常生活，还会威胁人们的生命安全。(一般表达)Itaffectsoureverydaylifeanditmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.(句式升级)Itaffectsoureverydaylife，mayalsothreatenpeople’slives.notonlybut

1182.很多原因导致了交通问题。(一般表达)Manythingsleadtothetrafficproblem.(句式升级)Quiteafewthingsthetrafficproblem.3.如果没有交通规则，人们就不能和谐相处，国家就会混乱一片。(一般表达)Iftherewerenotrafficrules，peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.(句式升级)，peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.giverisetoWithouttrafficrules

119Thetrafficissueisahardnuttocrack.Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife，butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.Thethreeselectionspresentedabovearetypicalexamples.Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.Inspiteofthelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways，thereisstillmuchroomforimprovementbecauseoftheeverincreasingnumberofcarstheseyears.What’sworse，somedrivers，cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.范文赏析

120Infact，trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublicorder.Withoutthem，peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.Butrulesalonedon’tsecureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.

121本篇文章严格按照“三步走”的格局。第一段用了30个单词概括了所给材料，并使用了“notonly...butalso...”这一经典句型结构；第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因，使用了giveriseto，largescaleconstructionof，theincreasingnumberof，bevitalto等高级词汇，同时what’sworse等衔接词的恰当使用使文章条理清晰；第三段句型多样，使用了without虚拟语气，Itis...who...强调句型，itisone’sdutytodosth.等句型，使文章增色不少。亮点点评