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东城区2021—2022学年度高一第二学期期末统一检测英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共四节，共40分）第一节（共15分，每小题1.5分）请阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。FULLHOUSEWalkintothe____1____ofAnneBellesandherhusband,andyou’llseekidseverywhere—thereare30boysinthiscrowdedhouseandAnneBellesistheirmom.Belleshaswantedto____2____childrensinceshewasakid.“IwastouchedbyamusicalbasedontheCharlesDickens’novelOliverTwist(《雾都孤儿》).Itoldmymom,‘That’swhatIwanttodo.Iwanttogiveprotectionandcaretoorphans(孤儿).’”Anne’sboys____3____inagefrom3to25.Allofthemare____4____insomeway.“Theyeachhavespecialneeds—physically,emotionally,oratschool,”saysBelles.Shedoesn’tfocusonwhatherkidscan’tdo,onlyonwhattheycan.Inaninterestingtwist,thirteenofher____5____aregoingtobeinalocaltheater’sproductionofOliver!Raising30boysisno____6____task.Everyday,asmallarmyofchildcareworkers,nurses,andvolunteerscomesintohelpcook,clean,andtakecareofhealthneeds.Thefamilyreceives$26,000amonthfromthegovernment,andhassome____7____fromafamilybusiness.Allthemoneyisspentonthechildren;havingnewclothesandfancycarsisn’t____8____toBelles.Howdothekidsfeel?Says17-year-oldAnthony,“ThefamilyisalwaystherewheneverIneedsomething…Underallthischaos(杂乱),IfeellikeIam____9____.”“Thiswasmydream.AndeverythingaboutwhatI’mdoingwaseverythingIwantedtohappeninmylife,”saysAnneBelles.“So,absolutelyno_____10_____;thisisperfect.Icouldn’taskforittobebetter—maybeabiggerhouse,youknow,wouldbenice.”1.A.classroomB.homeC.factoryD.office2.A.educateB.greetC.helpD.manage3.A.rangeB.resultC.increaseD.freeze4.A.warnedB.ignoredC.threatenedD.challenged5A.volunteersB.workersC.boysD.nurses6.A.mainB.smallC.joyfulD.familiar
17.A.incomeB.feesC.programmesD.permission8A.extraB.importantC.effectiveD.enough9.A.curedB.neededC.lovedD.found10.A.choiceB.extremesC.hopeD.regrets第二节（共15分，每小题1.5分）A请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory____11____(explore).AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,you____12____(surround)byevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople____13____tookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.First,theRomanscame.Someoftheirgreat____14____(achievement)includedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxons____15____(arrive).Then,theVikings.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.Theyhadcastles____16____(build)allaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyentered____17____theEnglishlanguage.B请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。DongShuchang,a23-year-oldphotographer,wonthetitleoftheAstronomyPhotographeroftheYear2021,becomingthe____18____(young)winnerofthetopphotographycompetitioninastronomy.Hisphotograph“TheGoldenRing”,____19____(take)inTibet(西藏)in2019,showsthemoonblockingoutmostofthesolardiscand____20____(leave)onlyathinringofsunlightshiningthrough.第三节（共5分，每小题1分）请根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组并用其正确形式填入相应位置。方框中每个词组只能用一次。provideforinmemoryofkeepsb.companyinspiteofbelongto21.TheDragonBoatFestivalis________aChinesepoet.22.Atage50Janfoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyherdogto________.23.________sufferingfromdeafnessinhislatelife,LudwigvanBeethovencontinuedwritingmusic.24.Inorderto________sucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.
225.“Thefuture________thosewhoprepareforittoday”—thisquoteistoreminduseveryeffortwemaketodayisgoingtomatteratsomepointinthefuture.第四节（共5分，每小题1分）请根据首字母和中文提示，填入合适的单词，使句子完整。请在答题卡指定区域写出完整单词，进行作答，26.Toapersonnothingismorep______________(宝贵的)thantheirlife.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)27.Theeditorsadmittedthemistakeanda________(道歉)tothereaders.(根据中英文提示填空)28.TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowHigh-SpeedRailwayhasmadeourlivesmorec________(方便的).(根据中英文提示填空)29.Thefailuresmadethescientistssadandd________(失望的),butthedesiretolaunchaspacelabintospaceneverdied.（根据中英文提示填空)30.Whenyou’redesigningthehandbook,pleasemakesurethatitc________(包含)alltheimportantinformation.(根据中英文提示填空)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。AAsanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrothermeansalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.ForyearsIwantedtodoeverythingmyelderbrotherTysondid,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglected(被忽略的)one.Mylegsjustweren’tmadetorunlikehis.Icouldneverplayfootballorbasketballwell.Iprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepupwithhimfortherestofmyhighschoolcareer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.Tysonleftforcollege,soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyself.Thisnewstartgavemeanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewmeaningof“cool”.Idon’tknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivitiesatthenewschool,butonedayIchancedtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.Ihadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry,biology,andmath,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,forsomereason,Idid.Asweorganizedteams,preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportsteam.Ididn’tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeers(同伴)whounderstoodme.ItwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwhatI’mgoodat.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’macoolguyinmyownway,too.I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroader
3definitionthanwhatIusedtothink.31.WhatmakesTysonatypicalexampleof“cool”?A.Hehaslonglegsanddressesfashionably.B.Hepayslittleattentiontoothers.C.Healwaysshadowshisbrother.D.Heisreallygoodatsports.32.Whatmadetheauthorfeel“cool”?A.Goingtoanewschoolallbyhimself.B.Acceptingpeerswiththesameinterest.C.Takingpartinactivitiesofascienceteam.D.RefusingtobeidentifiedasTyson’sbrother.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.B.Findyourselfandbeyourself.C.Lifeisfullofpossibilities.D.Skillisnoburden.BScientistsCrackMonkeyBehaviourScientistshaveobservedtwogroupsoflong-tailedmacaquemonkeys(长尾猕猴)inThailand,SoutheastAsia,usingstonetoolsdifferently,eventhoughtheislandstheyliveonarelessthansixmilesapart.Long-tailedmacaquesareoneofonlyafewprimatespecies(灵长类物种)knowntousestonetools.Themacaquesusestonesthattheychoosecarefullytohammertheshellsofshellfish,suchasoysters,seasnailsandcrabs.Theycrackthemopenandscoopout(挖出)thefleshtoeat.OntwoneighbouringislandsoffthecoastofThailand,onegroupofmacaqueswereseenreusingtheirtools,calledhammerstones,whereasthemonkeysontheotherislandthrewtheirstonesawayafterusingthemonce.AteamofscientistsfromtheUK,GermanyandThailand,ledbyLydiaLunczfromtheUniversityofOxford,studiedhammerstonesfoundonYaoNoiislandandonnearbyBoiYaiisland.Distinctivepatternsofwearonstonesmeantthattheycouldtellwhichstoneshadbeenusedastools.TheteamfoundthatthestonesonBoiYaiusedtocrackopenoystershadmoreanddeeperlinesandtheyhadbeenwellused,butonYaoNoitheoneshadn’tbeenusedmuchatall.Thehammerstonesusedbyeachgroupweresodifferentthattheresearcherswereabletoworkoutwhichgrouphadusedthetooljustbylookingatit.Atfirst,theresearchersthoughttheremightbeashortageofstonesonBoiYai,whichwouldexplainwhyonegroupreusedthem.However,theteamsoonfoundlotsofsolidstonesonbothislands.Theythinkthatthedifferenceinthebehaviourofeachgroupisanexampleofculture.Cultureistheideas,customsandsocialbehaviourinagroupandisatypicallyhumanquality.Itincludessharedhabitspasseddownfromoldertoyoungeranimals.Thedifferentpatternsofbehaviourbetweenthetwogroupsofmonkeyssuggestthatdifferenttraditionscandevelopindifferentgroupsofmacaques,eventhoughtheyliveinsimilarsortsof
4environments.“Theuseoftoolsispassedonfrommonkeytomonkeyastheylearnfromeachother,”saidLuncz.TheresearchershopethatthisworkwillbehelpfulforscientistsStudyinganyearlyhumansandthewaytheyusedstonetools.34.Whatcanweknowaboutthemacaquesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theycanmakeuseofstones.B.Theyusedifferenttoolstohunt.C.Theirfavouritefoodisshellfish.D.Theirgroupslivefarfromeachother.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wear”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Damage.B.Dirt.C.Size.D.Decoration.36.Accordingtothepassage,researchersmaybelievethat________.A.macaquesonBoiYaiworkharderB.macaquesonYaoNoihavemorestonesC.macaqueshavetheirowntraditionsingroupsD.macaqueslearntsomebehaviourfromhumansCThesuccessofBlueOrigin’sspacetourismflightshascausedconcernsamongthepublic.Manysayitisarichperson’sgamethatisunnecessarywhenEarthbadlyneedshelp.ForJaneSmith,co-founderofSpaceView,theindustryisnotpreventingEarthfromhelp,buthelpingitsinhabitantsbetterunderstandtheirworld.“Spaceexplorationhasplayedanimportantroleinformingourunderstandingofourplanet,”Smithsaidinaninterview.“ThemostdownloadedimageinhistoryisEarthrisethatwastakenin1968byApolloastronautsastheycircledthemoon.Takingthephotowasnotontheirscheduleofactivitiesbuttheyweresostruckbythescenethattheyrushedtorecordit.ThatonephotographhelpedhumanityseeEarthasaplanetinspace,andinspiredanupwardenvironmentalmovement.”SpaceView,foundedin2019,isafirmusingagiantballoontosendhumansintothestratosphere(平流层).Itisdesigningaluxuriouscapsule(豪华太空舱)thatftssixpassengers,whocanrelaxinseatsorenjoyasnackwhileflying20milesaboveEarth.Smithexplainedthateventually,millionsofpeoplewillhaveexcitingspaceexperience.Ticketsforaride
5throughSpaceViewcurrentlyrun$125,000aseat,butSmithsaidthe“long-termvisionistobringpricingdownsignificantly”.“Aticketpriceof,say,$30,000—$840,000wouldmakethespacetripaffordabletomanymillionsofpeople,”sheadded.Whenaskedaboutthepubliccomments,Smithanswered,“WhenpeoplevisitspaceandexperienceourEarthfromthatsplendidpoint,theyconnectdeeplywithourplanetandthesingularhumanfamilythatinhabitsit.Itbroadenstheirperspective(视角)andtheyreturnwithadeepenedunderstandingofsocialandenvironmentalcauses.”37.WhatdothepublicthinkofBlueOrigin’sspacetourismfights?A.Successful.B.Pollutive.C.Beneficial.D.Costly.38.WhydoesJaneSmithmentionthephotoofEarthrise?A.Toreviewthehistoryofthephoto.B.ToexpressrespectstoApolloastronauts.C.Toremindpeopleofthebeautyofthespace.D.Toexplainthesignificanceofspaceexploration.39.WhatdoweknowaboutSpaceView?A.Ithasmademuchmoneyfromspacetourism.B.Itaimstomakespacetourismpopular.C.ItplaysapartinBlueOrigin’sflights.D.Ithassentsixpassengersintospace.40.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?AIsSpaceTourismaRichPerson’sGame?B.CanEveryoneExperienceSpaceTourism?C.WhyShouldthePublicKnowaboutSpace?D.HowHasSpaceTourismDevelopedRapidly?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容、从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WalkingUnderLiverpoolInmostways,theEnglishcityofLiverpoolisnodifferentfromotherlargecities.Itisfullofpeople,restaurants,museums,andshops.However,Liverpoolstandsoutinoneinterestingway.____41____Formanyyears,thetunnels(地道)werenearlyforgotten.Therewasnoevidencethatthetunnelswerereal.In2001,asmallgroupofcuriouspeopleweredelightedtodiscoverthattheoldalesweretrue.Ahugenetworkoftunnelssnaked
6underthecity.Wenowknowthatthetunnelswerebuiltsometimeintheearly1800s.AmannamedJosephWilliamsondesignedthem.____42____WhydidWilliamsonwantthetunnels?Weretheyeverused?Ifso,forwhat?Wecanonlyguess.____43____Manypeoplewerejoblessatthattime,andWilliamsonwasknowntobekind.Perhapshecameupwiththetunnelprojectsothathecouldofferpeoplejobs.AnotherguessisthatWilliamsonusedthetunnelsforsecretbusiness.StillothersthinkthatWilliamsonbuiltthetunnelsforsafetyreasons.Perhapshewasafraidthatsometypeofdangerouseventwouldhappen.____44________45____Williamsondidnottellmanypeoplewhyhebuiltthetunnels.Maybehewrotedownhisreasonsandputthepaperssomewhereinthetunnels.Perhapsthosepaperswillonedaybefound.Fornow,themysteryoftheWilliamsonTunnelsremains.A.Butthereisalotwestilldon’tknow.B.Theideasareinteresting,butnooneknowsthetruth.C.Underthebusystreets,therearemilesofoldtunnels.D.Somepeoplewhostudythetunnelshavegotnewfindings.E.OneideaisthatWilliamson,whowasrich,wastryingtohelpothers.F.Nordoesanyoneknowforsureevenhowmanyofthetunnelsthereare.G.Thetunnelswouldhaveofferedprotectionforhimselfandhislovedones.第三部分书面表达（共两节，共30分）第一节（共4小题；第46、47、48题各2分，第49题4分，共10分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。TheImpactofSocialMediaonAdolescents(青少年)Usingsocialmediahasbecomearoutineactivityformostyoungpeople.Inrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically,soalargepartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.Socialmediaallowyoungpeopletoachieveonlinemanyofthetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,makingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.Someschoolssuccessfullyuseblogsasteachingtools,whichhasthebenefitofimprovingskillsinwrittenexpressionandcreativity.Atthesametime,socialmediahelpsthemgetwhattheywant,increasetheirknowledgeandconfidenceintheiracademic(学业的)performance.Whilesocialmediaprovidesmanybenefits,itcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople,both
7physicallyandmentally.Itiseasytobecomeaddicted,andresearchshowsthatstudentswhospendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediacansufferfrompoorsleep,eyefatigue,negativebodyimage,depression,anxietyandmore.Researchalsoindicatesthattherearefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment(骚扰).Usingsocialmediabecomesarisktoadolescentsmorethantheycanrealise.Whenpeoplegoontowebsites,theyleaveevidenceoftheirvisits.Thisongoingrecordofonlineactivityiscalledthe“digitalfootprint”.Oneofthebiggestthreatstoyoungpeopleonsocialmediaistotheirdigitalfootprintandfuturereputations(名誉).Youngpeoplewholackanawarenessofprivacyissuesoftenpostinappropriatematerialwithoutunderstandingthat“whatgoesonlinestaysonline”.Asaresult,futurejobsandcollegeacceptancemaybeputindangerbyinexperiencedclicksofthemouse.46.Whyisalargepartofyoungpeople’ssocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccurringontheInternet?47.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?48.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.➤Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.49.Youhavebeenphysicallydistancedfromschoolthisterm.Howdoyoumakefulluseofsocialmediatobetteryourlifeandstudy?Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.(Inabout40words)第二节（20分）50.你校英语周刊正在举办以“A/An________experience”为题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请根据上面的征文启事，将题目补充完整，写一篇稿件投稿，内容包括：1.你的经历；2.感受或影响。注意：1.内容可以是参加学校音乐节、庆祝传统节日等校内外活动，也可自选；2.词数100左右。
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