仪表工试题集__附答案

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56᝞⁚ᑮ¡ᜐe✄V⁚⌕£஺2✄V⁚“¥H”V⁚>X஺3✄V⁚§ᵨḄ¨uvᱯឋaḄ“©ᵨ“V⁚ᘤ஺4[✄ᵨª«¬[r᡾஺45.®¯°JK"±᪵³Ḅ6´ᨵ12ᱯ:678´ᨵᱏ<=>ᦪḄ¯°ᱞAḄ·ᔠᙠt,ᐸoAa»o¼½¾U¿᪀cᢣ┐Â஺JKᓄᵫ<=>ᦪ®¯°ᱏÄÅÆUᢣ┐ᢣÇÈḄJK஺É®¯°JK"Ḅ³Êᳮ஺®¯°JK"Ì᪀ÍᓫÏÐÉѧᵨÒÉὊÔUÕᨵÖ×JK"Ḅ“ØÙ”ÚKÛÖ×JK"ÜᨎᡠᵨÞß஺46.àá᮱ᙠã³äåæçM᮱èJKḄáᏔᝅ%ëhᩭ12Ê67:0áᏔîïᝅ%ᙠwMJKðæñòó஺ᡠᙠá᮱-;Jôᜓö÷MJᐗᨬ¡Èᚖû÷üýþÖÿ
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57KᵯAᓻLMNᐰP+QḄᙢREᙢ஺48.ST
QUVᙢ"#$UVᙢḄᨵ$'⊤XLYZஹᵨᵯ'⊤᜜[ஹ\ᵯ]ஹ^_ஹ`^aஹb^cஹd
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60Qᳮ஺60.᝞`£¤¥¦§⊤ᑁᨵª«ᾦ456ᙠ¥¦§⊤®£eHᐜ£¤⊤ᑁᨵª«ᾦ஺°±vᐜ²³ḄA´µᐭ¶·]ᑁ¸᤯₩n´᎔ᐭ¼ᨵ½´Ḅᘤ¾ᑁ᝞´☢ÀÁᨵÂ⁐Ḅ«Äᓽ.Å0Áᨵ«ᾦ஺Æ.FÈ⚪1)ᵨᵯᘤᑁË024ÌÍ᜜hᵯÏ60V,ᵯÏᑁË01ÌÍᑣÑᵨᵯᘤḄᵯÑ0ÒÓ4Ô6I=U/R=60/(24+1)=2.4A2)1151Gp¦§〈ᘤḄÖ×ÙQ00~lOOKPa,ÚÛEÜ100%஺ᑣ1.Ý⊤ḄÖ×Ù0ÒÓ42.Ý⊤Ḅ×vÒÓ43.IᐭÒÓ¦§HÝ⊤ḄIJ04ஹ12ஹ20mA?Ô6Ý⊤ḄQÖ×Ù00~100KPa,ÚÛEÞÜß

61100%,ᡠá:1.Ö×Ùᡂß100~200Kpa஺2.Ý⊤Ḅ×v200-100=100KPao3.Iᐭ0100KpaHÝ⊤ḄIJ04mA஺Iᐭ0150KpaHÝ⊤ḄIJ012mA஺Iᐭ0200KPaH,Ý⊤ḄIJ020mA஺3)ᨵãÖAÝ⊤ᐸÖ×Ùᑖäv0~800࠷600~1100࠷,æçᐸᨬᜧéêëgᙳ0±6࠷,NᑖäíeîḄï}'ð஺Ô6ñòóëg3m=Amax/(AÀ-Aô)x100%.õ3m1=6/(800-0)xl00%=0.75%5m2=6/(1100-600)xl00%=1.2%᪷ñöᵨ÷Ý⊤Ḅï}'ðᑡÖ×Ù00ù800࠷ḄÖAÝ⊤e01ðï}Ö×Ù0600ù1100CḄÖAÝ⊤e01.5ðï}஺

624)ᨵãcg¦〈ᘤ⊤×025000Pa,êḄᨬᜧÑ×050t/h,ú⌕û40t/hHüý஺þ6(1)Lÿᘤᙠ(2)ᘤᙠ1.ᘤ40t/hḄPl=25000x(40/50)2=16000Pa40t/hḄP1=(16000/25000)x80+20=71.2KPaᡠS=7L2KPa2.ᘤ!AQ=KxAP40t/hḄAP2-25000X(40/50)=20000Pa40t/hḄP2=(20000/25000)x80+20=84KPaᡠS=84KPa5)"⁚$%ᙠ&'(Ḅ)*!520Kg/m3,+ᙠ,▭.ᵨ,'(Ḅ)*!480Kg/m3.᝞2&3〈ᘤlOOKpa,Ḅ!50t/h,ᑣᙠ,▭.

63ᵨ,Ḅ!᪷7(!ᓫ9Ḅ:;<=>ᙠ◀@'()*᜜ᐸCᩩEᙳGᦋ3ᡠ>&'()*p=520Kg/m3,,▭'()*!p,I480Kg/m3,3〈ᘤlOOKpaḄ&M=50t/hᡠ,▭M,!6ᨵKᙠ᪥M1151ApNO3〈ᘤP>Q⌕STᵯVW⊤Yᨵ12mA஺[\>]^_`Ḅᔩb᝞2W⊤Ḅce^50-150KPaNfḄᜧh!lOOKpaNO3〈ᘤcḄ^NOiW⊤Ḅce^50-150Kpa,jY^kᐭ50KPaNW⊤4mA;ᐭ150KPaNW⊤20mA;W⊤ᙠᜧhmᓽᐭḄ^ᜧhO100KpaW⊤Ḅ!x
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663ஹª®ᡠ⊤°Ḅ!200t/h/1000®/h=0.2t/®11±²⁚▀ᐰ▀µ¶!400KPa,ª«S·¸¹!100m3~▀ḄᦪC!CVº»Q=100m3/hAP=400KPar=lgf7cm3Cv=1.17C=l.17x50=58.512ᑭᵨ½ᴻU¿ÀcBÁᘤtPAᜐḄÂÃ*஺Ä$Å᝞mÆÅtw»PAᜐḄÂÃ*^380mmHg,᜜☢ᜧh^760mmHg,~PAᜐḄNO^PN=P⊤+PᜧhP⊤=-380mmHg=-50.67KPaPᜧhI760mmHg=101.33KPaPN=50.67KPa+101.33KPa=50.66KPaPAᜐḄNO^50.66KPa13"ᝅ⁚$%ÊË&Ì&ḄÊËO!2.94MPa,*!400࠷,▭.ᵨt¢cᜐÊËo

67O!2.84MPab*3Í,f&ᢣ°ᦪ!102t/h,¡,▭!¹ÊË)*⊤2.94MPaஹ400࠷p=9.8668kg/m3;2.84MPaஹ400࠷p=9.5238kg/m3Â_Ḅ^100.2t/h14pÏÐÑÒÓ200MÔÕ☢!0.20cm2,cᐸÖ!10×Ø}ÙvᐸÏÐឋÛᵫᵯÖvÝ»R=pt/s,+p=Rs/t=10x0.00002/200=0.000001
QmᓽÏÐÑᵯ᳛!1.0x10-6×Øß15Í}&àáQâὶW⊤äᑁḄæᵯÖ஺ªQW⊤äḄᑁÖ!r,âὶW⊤äḄæᑁÖ!RᵫᵯÖâὶw»l/R=l"l+l"2+l/r3ᡠl/R=3/rR=r/316º»W⊤ᵯV24V,ç᳛32W,¡ᐸᵯ஺p=UII=P/UI=32W/24V=1.33A

6817)ᵨWZG¿ᵯÖccᐸᵯÖ!71.02×رR0=53×ØA=4.25xl0-31/*¢c*!᤬ê*Rt=R0(1+At)t=(Rt—RO)/(ROA)t=(71.02-53)/53x4.25xl0-3t=80࠷18)ᵨpëäì-äᏔc᮱î*ᙠïᐸð⊡òócᵯ!10.638mv,ôᵫ*!50࠷,}¡,▭*஺50࠷£⊤!0.299mvE(t,0࠷)=10.638+0.299=10.93mv£⊤t=1118࠷19)ᵨDDZ-III¿3〈ᘤce^0-16m3/h,~f!12m3/hõö^÷Ḅøᡂùú3〈ᘤḄᵯ÷ᐸᡂùúᡠ3〈ᘤḄ4-20mAᵯ÷ᐸøᡂùú஺ᓽ(1-4)/(20-4)=Q22/Q12=122/162ú1=4+[(20-4)/1621xl22=13mA

69ûõö^13mA஺20º»24VDCüᵯä!ýþὶ12Vᢣ°ÿᵯᢣὶᢣᢣ5ᢣḄᵯὶᑖᵯ24/12=2ὶ2I=U/R=24/
5x2=2.4AᢣḄᵯ2.4A21!"ᘤᙊ%&'☢)4.0*+,ᐰ./012335,45'☢)6F=phS=l000x35x4=140000Kg75'☢)6140000Kg2289:ᙽ1.5<=>0-100KPaḄ6⊤@Aᙠ50KPaᜐḄDEᨬᜧ1.4KPa,ᐸI=>ᜐḄDEᙳKL1.4KPa,MNᙽ6⊤OᔲᔠRS⊤ḄᨬᜧTᵨDE=xl00%=1.4%vl.5%ᡠWNᙽ6⊤ᔠR஺

7023ᨵ:[\ᓄ_320-360KPaḄ6஺ᵨ`ᑡAஹBcd6\〈ᘤfghijkᙠlm`n:dḄhiop>3q6\〈ᘤA:1<0-600KPa;6\〈ᘤB:1<250-500KPaᵨ\〈ᘤArhistḄᨬᜧDE8max=±l%x
600-0=+6KPaᵨ\〈ᘤBrhistḄᨬᜧDE3max=±l%x
500-250=±2.5KPaᡠWᵨ\〈ᘤBhiop>324Aᵨ:ᓫv1w6xh!yz{ᑁḄ6஺}ᙢḄ6>᪗o6>ᓽg=980.665cm/s2,}ᙢ᛻>30࠷r6xḄ⊤420mmHg,45{ᑁḄ6OmmHg,ᢚᔠPa?᪗o6>`Ḅᜧz760mmHg,0࠷30࠷rḄ>ᑖ13.595113.52g/cm3{ᑁ6PPᜧz+P⊤=760+420x=760+417.68=1177.68mmHg

711177.68mmHg=156.866KPa{ᑁḄ6O1177.68mmHg,L156.866KPao25)᝱`Ḅii᪗▲qm=500t/h,m`h>p=857.0943kg/m3,45᝱`ᨬᜧḄ)iqvii)i¡Ḅᐵ£qm=pqvqv=qm/p=50000/857.0943=583.37m3/h26)¤¥¦ḄiiM=100t/h,⌱ᵨḄv⍝ᑁ©D=200mmª¦Ḅ>p=38kg/m3,ᑣª¦ᙠv⍝oᑁḄ*ᙳiiM)iQ¡Ḅᐵ£Q=M/p-100x1000/38=2631m3/h=0.731m3/sv⍝¬☢)SS=(JI/4)D2=(JI/4)x(0.2)2=0.0314m2Q=SxuᡠWª¦Ḅ*ᙳuu=Q/S=0.731/0.0314=23.3m/s

7227)᝞¯ᡠ,ᵨE\〈ᘤhi±²"ᘤḄ³´.hl=50cm,h2=200cm,h3=140cm,h¶>pl=0.85g/cm3,·vᑁḄ◞¹³15\〈ᘤḄº᪥_¼½i.:¿⊤ḄiÀAPAP=xplxg=200x0.85x980.172x(100/1000)=16671.9Pa}³´ᨬÁr\〈ᘤஹ·ÂḄÃ6(Åὃ⇋"ᘤᑁḄ6)P+=h3xplxg=140x0.85x980.7x(100/1000)=11670.3PaP_=(hl+h2+h3)p0xg=(50+200+140)xlx980.7x(100/1000)=38247.3Pa()0-----------1Ḅ>)LO¿⊤Ḅ¼½iPP=P+-P_=11670.3-38247.3=-26577PaP+vP_,ᦑ·¼½஺¿⊤Ḅº᪥_-26577~(-26577+16671.9)=9905.1Pa28)º⁚▀Ḅi£ᦪC50,}▀Í2E16xlOOkPaஹ>O.81gf7cm3rᡠÎḄᨬᜧiO

737)i:29ᨵ:hÏÐᵯᏔÒÓDE31=±4࠷;⊡ÕÖ×ÒÓDE52=±4࠷;ØÙ¿ÒÓDE83=±6࠷;▬DE64=±6࠷,4xÛN:>hi£ÜḄDEON:h£ÜḄDE30᝞¯ᡠᵨᔿzÞhß²"ᘤ³´hḄᨬÁ³´ᑮᨬ3³´Ḅᚖâã¹H=2540mm,h³Ḅ>p=l.lg/cm3,4p9\〈ᘤḄ6hi_஺}Öv`äᨵåizæ⍎èrÖvᑁḄzé☟6ë஺Hpg=2.541.1x103x9.8064=27400Paì,6hi_0~27400Pa31᝞¯ᡠ!ᛞzë62MPa⊤î³ë3>20m,³Ḅë>1.1,:◞¹ïᱏñ6⊤P1òᙠᛞ'ó:ᐙᨵë>0.9Ḅ◞¹³Ḅ6⊤P2òᙠãᛞ'10m3Ḅ´õ஺MPlஹP2c6⊤ḄᢣᔜO

74᪷ø☟6*⊝úᳮP1=2+((20x1.1)/10)x0.0981=2.2158MPaP2=Pl-((10x0.9)/10)xO.0981=2.2158-0.0883=2.128MPa32)ᨵ:ᵨ◞¹³hiḄE\〈ᘤ·vᙠügýᵫL◞¹³ÿ
ᐙᑮ〈ᘤḄᚖ1.5m஺0.885,◞!1.26"⊤Ḅ$%'40000Pa,()ᨬᜧ,%40t/h஺-.ᙠ0⍝ᑁ3ᨵ,%5▭78ᵫ:0;<=Ḅ$%>?@ABC0ᐙDḄ▬FᓄCAP=(pᵞ+p)xh=(1.26-0.885)xl500=5625Paᵫ:CAP/APmax=M2/Mmax233)ᨵJᵨ◞!$%Ḅ〈ᘤ0ᙠLMNᵫ:◞!;
ᐙᑮ

75〈ᘤḄᚖL5m஺0.885,◞!1.26"⊤Ḅ$%'40000Pa,()ᨬᜧ,%40t/h஺-.ᙠ"⊤PQᨬᜧ8ᵫ:0;<=Ḅ$%>?@ABCR"⊤PQᨬᜧ8AP=(pᵞ+p)xh=(1.26-0.885)x1500=5625Paᑣ5▭Tᨵ40000-5625=34375(Pa)$%>C40-37=3(t/h)34)UVW,XḄ996kg/m3,ᐸZ[\790x10-6Pa*sᑣ]ḄLZ\?@ABC^Z[\”`LZ\vḄᐵbc“=pxvᡠev=r|/p=790xl0-6/996=0.793xl0-6m2/s=0.793cSt35)ᨵJfg[Pl=0.14MPa,hT1=173.15K,ibᦪZ=l,-klmfgᙠnop᝱rḄ(ᙠt20=20࠷,Pn=0.1013MParufgḄp20=1.2046kg/m3)BCpl=p20(PlT20/TlPnZ)=1.2046x((0.14x293.15)

76/(173.15x0.1013x1))=2.8186Kg/m336)vwxD=350mm,yzᦔ᳛r|=09}~ᘤg[Ps=500KPa,ᡈᓃvw᡻M᪀ḄPQ[஺BCF=JI/4XT|XD2XPS=3.14/4x0.9x352x5=4300(x1ON)37)ᵨᓄ┯ᑖ᪆ᘤ$}gNḄ%ᙠ750࠷ᩩr,gN%ᑖ1%,5%,10%8,-ᵨᱯᑖQᡠḄᵯ஺BC750࠷ᩩrᓄ┯$ᵯḄᱯcCE(mv)=50.74xlg(PO/P)ᑖeP=l%,5%,10%ᐭDᑖCE=50.74xlg(20.6%/1%)=66.7mvE=50.74xlg(20.6%/5%)=31.2mvE=50.74xlg(20.6%/10%)=15.9mv38)ᵨᓫ¢ᐲ!~k$%¤¥¦ᘤᑁḄ!~ᐸᨬ§!~`ᨬ¨!~ᑮ"⊤Ḅᑖhl=lm`h2=3m(©ª)஺«$Ḅp=980kg/m3,1ஹ〈ᘤ%?@A2ஹcᔲ◤⌕°±A°±%?@A

773ஹ᝞!☢Ḅ§h=2.5m,ᵯ!☢kḄPQ?@?BC1ஹ"⊤Ḅ%cᢣR!~ᵫᨬ¨ᓣᑮᨬ§8!☢kᡠ·FḄ[஺ᦑ%AP¹P=(h2-hl)pg=(3-1)x980x9.807=19221.7Pa2ஹR!~ᨬ¨8!☢kஹḄº[ᑖP+=h2Pg=1x980x9.807=9610.9PaP_=0:c!☢kḄ°±%PP=9610.9-0=9610.9Pa^P+>P_,ᦑ"⊤°±஺3ஹR!~h=2.5m8"⊤ḄPQ1=(h-h2)/(hl-h2)x(20-4)+4=(2.5-1)/(3-1)x16+4=16mA39)ª»ᵨ〈ᘤ$%¼¥¦ᘤḄ!~஺UVh2=200cm,h3=140cm,«$!XḄ0.85g/cm3஺〈ᘤḄ%`°±%஺BCAP=h2pg=2:O085x98O.7x(100/1000)=16671.9Pa!~ᨬ¨8P+=h3pg=140x0.85x980.7x(100/1000)=11670.3Pa

78P_=0^P+>P_,ᦑ"⊤°±஺°±%c11670.3Pa,%c16671.9Pao40᝞ªᡠ»½¾¿À⊝¦ᘤᩭ$%┡᮱yÅÆ~஺UVPl=3.82MPa,py=19.7Kg/m3,p!=800.4Kg/m3,pÇ=915.8Kg/m3,hl=0.6m,h2=1.5m,〈ᘤḄ%È°±%஺B:!~kḄ%AP¹P=hl(p!-py)g=0.6x(800.4-19.7)x9.807=4593.8PaR!~ᨬ¨8!~kḄஹḄº[P+=P1+hipyxg+h2pÆxg=3.82x106+0.6x19.6x9.807+Ip2Æxg=3820115.3+h2pÆxgP_=pl+hipÇxg+h2pÆxg=3.82x106+0.6x915.8x9.807+h2pÆxg=3825388.8+h2pÆxg

79:c"⊤Ḅ°±%PP=P+-P_=-5273.5Pa^P+vP_,ᦑ°±."⊤Ḅ$%'-5273.5~(-5273.5+4593.8)=679.7Pa