逯与运课后习题食品化学

《逯与运课后习题食品化学》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

♦ᢥ᯿ᳮ
ᢈᑖᜧ1ஹᢝ
ᨬḄ஺!⌕ᵨ$%&'(ᧇ*+ᵨ〉-Ḅ.,ឤ.12345*67ᧇḄ஺2ஹᢓᑴ;ᱥḄ=Ꮇ?ᳮ@஺ᑭᵨBCᱥᳮᓄEᩩG*ᢓᑴ
H;ᱥ1⏘Ḅ஺᝞KLஹMNO=PᑴஹQR@ஹSTஹUVஹWXᑺZ஺3ஹᑭᵨ\⏗ᳮḄ=^_ᐰaᳮ@஺ᑭᵨᨵc;ᱥḄ\⏗dᵨ=e⏚\⏗ஹg⏚\⏗ஹ⏀i\⏗@Ḅjᱥᢓᑴῖl;ᱥḄmn஺4ஹᑭᵨpqᳮḄ=paᳮ@஺ᑭᵨrᜐᳮஹ;tஹuvஹwxZ*
Hῖl;ᱥḄᦪz{|}n~ᡠᐕḄᨬ▲*ᢝ᝱஺♦Ḅឋdᵨ᜜ᔜḄdᵨ*᪀ᡂ᪀ḄZẚ*¡¢Ḅ£ஹ¤ஹ¥᪀Ḅᓄ*ᨵ¦Ḅ᪀§p¨¦Ḅ©ª«¬*ᜩᯠḄᳮᓄឋᦋᜫ²ᩭḄᳮឋ*dᵨ´Ḅឋdᵨ஺µឋ¶·1ᑖ¸Ḅ¤ஹ¥᪀¹*ឋ⌮Ḅ஺»´⌮ឋ஺µ·1£¥᪀¹*ᑣ^⌮ឋ஺¡¢ឋḄᨵ½ᜧ¾ᓄE⏚ஹ¿ஹᨵaÀᑺ=᝞ÁÂஹÁ⏣ஹÄÅZ@ஹÆÇÈÉஹÊ=@ஹM=@ஹ⊤☢ឋᑺZ஺ᱥᳮ.ஹÏ᜜ÐஹÑÒtஹMOஹ⊤☢ÓஹᒓÕ◫₩ஹᤅÙஹẆÛZ஺µᩩGÜ.ݹ.*Ḅឋß⌮Ḅ*àᩩGᒓÕáâḄß^⌮ឋ஺ឋḄᨬãä⌮Ḅ*åæçèéᐭ^⌮ឋ▤ì஺♦íîïðíîὁᓄḄᨵজஹ.M.ᩩGó*íîôõö*$60࠷ᑣúûὁᓄ*|2-5࠷ὁᓄþXÿ
0࠷ὁᓄ᠒஺ঝஹᑖᑖ10%ᡈὅὁᓄ᠒ᑖᙠ30-60%#$ᨬ᧕ὁᓄ஺᝞☢ᒹ*ᑖ30-40%,ஹ-.*ᑖ71%,ஹ✈ᜮ*ᑖ44%,2345᧕ὁᓄ஺ঞஹPH9PH=7.0=>?@᧕ὁᓄPH9A10ᡈPH9B2ὁᓄDᑮᢓᑴ஺

1টஹ?@IJKL?@MNL?@᧕ὁᓄOPQKL?@RᑖSTᜧᑖS᧕ὁᓄVᑖSRW᧕ὁᓄ஺♦XYXYᑖZ⌶\]XYfXYfXY⏚஺♦`ᾦ⏚bḄJdZd⏚bஹed⏚bஹ`ᾦḄfghᓄ♦ij`ᾦfghᓄḄkl`ᾦḄᾦm⏚nᡂஹpஹᐝrstஹhஹᑖuஹvᓄᑺজஹ`ᾦḄᾦm⏚nᡂW⛳rz{|}~஺ঝஹpphᓄ஺pijḄᳮphᓄᙠ{|Ḅᵬp>50࠷hᓄᙠ{|஺ঞஹᐝrstᐝt᜜tijᨬᜧBzYst℉ᾦmhᓄ⏚bḄឋ஺টஹhfghᓄḄhᑖ¢ᜧᑮ£¤9hᓄ¥ᢝW§஺M⊤☢©ªᜧḄhᓄª«¬hᑖ¢ᐵ஺ᡠ°±ᡈᐙMᒹ´µᑖᦣឋªᜧḄ·@2`ᾦᦔᵨᨵ▲஺ঠஹᑖuᑖuªᡈªhᓄ½Oᙠ0.3-0.4#$hᓄᑣ᠒(À1-2)஺ডஹvᓄᑺÃÄÅÆSÇ`ᾦhᓄ⏚bḄÃ⌕vᓄᑺ஺vᓄÉ᝞Pb>Cu>Sn>Zn>Fe>Al>Ag♦§ÕÖ×ᙠpØÙᵫ▬Ḽᙠ⊤☢ḄÝᱥzᑁᡠ⏘ḄáᵨâḄ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡr⃩çè9é$êëῖbr§ÕíîᐰWᵨðI§ᓄñḄ§Õ஺§Õò⌕ᵫÝᱥஹ⏘Ḅáᵨzᓄóôõ஺♦ppµᓄó§ᓄḄijpµ⏘öḄijpµ⏘öḄijᐹᨵ{Ãឋ-pᓣY-pᓣ⏘ḄuឋDᑮijùᑮ£¤úëâ⏘ᜫupµÝᱥugḄij(1)ஹÝᱥµpḄ〉ឋO(2)ஹpµÝᱥḄᢓᑴáᵨO

2(3)ஹpµÝᱥḄíýáᵨ஺♦Ḅ¥þ]ᳮÝᱥḄÿᑴ
ᩔஹᑴᑖஹᑴᑖ᝱ᴻᓄᳮஹᑴpHஹᑴஹஹᦋ!"ᡂஹ$ᵨ&ᑺஹ(᯿ஹ*+ᱥ-⏗⏘Ḅᑴ
ᜐᳮஹᑴpHஹᑴᑖᐸ345Ḅᑴ
6ஹ7ஹᱥᳮᓄ845♦ᩔ
ᩔஹᖪ;<♦ᩔ(sterilization)
IᢣᩔKLMNᑗ*+ᱥ(ᒹQRS!ஹTU!ஹVTU!ஹWᑖXY)ḄZ[஺ᩔ]^LMᜐ_ᖪ;<᝱஺♦ᖪ;<(commercialsterilization)
IᢣᩔbLMNᡠdeḄTUஹfghijklm├oᩩqrs+tRSஹuvwLMxḄῖz^{|}~LMjkḄ஺ᖪ;<ᜐᳮ᝞ᜐᳮ]^slᙠḄὊXY^ᜐᳮ]^ᙠlZ[NsjkRS஺I^ᖪ;<ᢣḄI

3ᔠḄῃᐸḄᩭᑴῃḄᑖ#$ᙠ0.7)*ᓽ,஺♦.ᱥ0⏗2⏚4562⏚0⏗ஹ⏗8456⏀:0⏗ஹ;⏚456;⏚0⏗<<♦᪕>ᢈ@♦᪕>ᢈ@AᙠBCDEFGHIᑭᵨᑁMḄNOP.ᱥQRSḄTUVḄWXYᵨᑴZᐰឋḄ]ᔠឋᢈ@^_஺ᙠBCஹ`aஹbcஹ├eDfgGHIᵫi.ᱥjklmm⌼ᡂᜧqῖs஺Qt)ᩭuvᑴ.ᱥḄQ0wxyῖsl⌼ᡂḄzᜫ|}Ḅ|aឋ~Zᐰᙠ|aIᵨvᱥᳮḄஹᓄḄ)~ᱥḄᢈ@^_,᝞|aஹῃ|aஹaஹᑴ|aஹ|aஹᓄ|aஹ0⏗|aஹ᯿|a<஺ᢈ@ᙠBCD|IᑮvஹᡂḄᵨ஺♦᪕>AOPᑁ.ᱥQRSḄT᪕>᪕>ᢈ@ᵨi|a¡¢ᾙ¤Ẇ¦I§Leistner¯1976³´Ḅµ■ῖḄ·¸ᡈᳮºu»ᜐᳮ¯F³ஹ¾a¯t³ஹ¿ᑖ#$¯A,³ஹ⏚ᓄ¯pHóஹ¿ÄᓄÅᵯǯEh³ஹÊB■ῖᑺ¯¯Pres³ஹÍÎឋ4Ï~᯿<ḄYᵨÐu᪕>¯hurdlefactor³»¢ᑁÙᨵÐ᪕>ᢈ@D᪕>WÛuÜÝᢈ@DÜÝ஺♦᪕>ᦔᙠ|aḄᦪà᪕>IáᓫãᡈWXYᵨäᡂᱯᨵḄ■PῖsḄ“᪕>”¯hurdle³,èéᙠiIḄ.ᱥêNë“᪕>”ìí.ᱥî$ὃ⇋ñòDZᐰḄóᡠõḄ᪕>ᦔ¯¯hurdleeffect³»♦|aI᝞öᵨ᪕>ᢈ@÷1Aᳮøᓄ᪕>ᦔùú஺ûᑁüý<þ$Ḅ6à᪕>ᓽÿᡠḄᱥ᪵Ḅᱥᨬ᪕஺!"#$%&Ḅ'(#)*ᐰḄ஺,2./0▭2᪕ᦔ456஺7!"Ḅ■ῖ#:;<=>Ḅ᪕?ᐸAB⌕DᵨḄ᪕?#AwHPres,ᓽOPῃRHST■ῖᑺ%&VWஹ⏚ᓄH[ᓄ\]ᵯ_/`⌕Ḅ▬T᪕?஺,3.cdeᦪVḄ!"᪕ᦔ456஺,᝞heᒹjḄkᾙm◤oᦪ᪕?ᓽ$ᨵ

4ᦔᙢᢓe■ῖ஺,4H,5.cdeᦪvᡈ⃩yz{Ḅ!"᪕ᦔ456஺ᱥᐹᨵ/=}_ᔜ᪕?ᑴᱥ!"ῖ:=ᨵ᪕?ᡈTḄ?ᑮᨵᦔḄ■ῖ஺,6.ᜐᳮᩔe>ᐰḄ!"᪕ᦔ456஺eᑮ¡ឋ£¤¥¦§¨©m◤/o(Dᵨ=/VḄ᪕?ªᨵᦔᙢᢓᑴᐸ}஺,7.᪕¬Dᵨ56஺ᙠ>!"ᱥ¯°ឋ#±T²³%&´ᔜ᪕?µ¶>¬Dᵨᩭᑮ஺¸,¹⏗✏¼᪕ᦔ4¬Pres᪕½¾¶¿ÀDᵨ¨©Aw᪕ᡂÂÃÄ"Â&ឋḄÅ°?஺,8.᪕ÇDᵨ56஺!"Ḅ᪕?µ¶ᐹᨵÇDᵨᓽ2<ᡈ2<ÈÉ?ḄÇDᵨ=;v<?ᓫËDᵨḄÌTᐵÎ#Ç?Ḅ⌱Ð#ᔲÒÓ஺•4ᵨÕÖ.᪕ᦔ4×Ø!"ÂÙḄ:¸]ᳮ஺Ú;•7¯°ឋஹÂ&ឋÛḄ!"tஹAwஹpHßஹPresà᪕?ḄὶᔠᡈãᩖḄåæDᵨÚᢓᑴᱥ}ஹçèஹÄéAḼᐵÎḄDᵨëìᓫí?î>ïÈᢓᑴᱥḄᓻñ஺!"■ῖ$ᑭᵨḄ᪕?óv¥ªôíõ!"öA÷⌕DᵨḄ?$mᨵø<4±ùúᑖ᪆HýþÌÿᙢᐸḄᐵ♦Ḅஹ♦ᑭᵨᢈ!"#ᢝᙠ&ᓾᡈ)*+᝱-./ῖ12345678஺♦Ḅ:;<ஹ=>?ᱥḄ:;ஹAஹ=⏘Ḅ:;ஹCஹ=ᓄEFGḄ:;ஹHஹ=ᱥᧇḄ:;♦Ḅ)JKᢓᑴ>?ᱥḄNᩭP4TOST2࠷68VḄWᐰ4Y⏘ḄZ[\ᨵ!^-20S-30࠷bᨵcdeᐰf/4gᔠijᡂlஹ8mḄ)3nὃ⇋4qrsᨬ6uᵨḄv♦ᓾ᳛xyWᐰzᦪ᦮}ᓾ~4ḄᦣᙳᒴḄ4ᓾ8ᨬᜧ4-⌲!஺ᓾ8ᜓḄ₹ᡠḄᙳ₹ᜧ஺v4uᵨᓾ᳛ᦪᩭ4ᐸᦣy▤ᑁḄ₹ᜧ¡¢£4⊤¥vGCoCT^—T
ᓾ᳛x

5ᓾ᳛x\Gᵨ¦ᓾ▤4ᡈᓾᜓḄὑ஺ᓾஹ)ᡈḄ₹<¨◤⌕«¬5S10%஺«¬ḄᓽvWᐰzᦪ4¯°⌱ᵨ10%»₹¬sWᐰzᦪ²ᡠ◤₹ᡈᙳᡠ◤³᳛4᪷µᡠ⌱ᵨ¢GḄᜓ஺♦¶·ᓾḄq¸ᩩºv¶·ஹ¶·»¼ஹ¢=½ᵨ¢=½¾Ḅ¶·ᓾ¿i.◞ᒹÂḄᱥᧇ•4⊤☢ḄÅᑖÇ<ÈᙢÉÊ4¶·Ḅ¢=½y¶·Ḅ»¼Ç:;⊤☢ḄÅᑖḄÉÊ4ËÌÍὑ஺♦¶·Ḅq¸ᩩº¶·ÎḄq¸ᦔÐÑ⌕ÒȦÓஹ¶·½y¶·»¼♦ᙠ~Ḅ32ᓄÅᑖÉÊ&Íὑ*ஹÔஹÕÖᵨஹ×ØyÙᕡஹᾙḄᡂÕஹÜᦈÞஹஹᾦàáᓄஹ>?ᱥḄâãஹäåḄὁᓄஹᐸç2ᓄ&èᑖḄéᓄ:ÐëìíyᾪឋḄðᜫ4⃩óᱥ3Ḅé×⚩õḄᡂöy)ᙽᾙø⁐Ḅ2ᓄ;ûüýḄþᓄ#?xḄÿᜫ
♦ᑖὑᙠᓾ⊤☢ᨵᦣᩭᨵᑖᔣ᜜"#ᜫ$%&Ḅ(ូᓄ+,ὑὑ-./0123456■8஺:;3<=⌕-?1
ஹABḄCDE2
ஹFGHIE3
ஹᱥᧇḄ᤮MNOE4
ஹᱥᧇᱯឋ᝞SஹTUVḄ⊤WᡂᑖஹYIZᑁ\]^_᪀EᾙḄ/Vᾦcd
E5
ஹ⊤☢e;6
ஹᒹh஺♦i_jᡈljfreezingpoint
-ᢣ.nopqr᝱ᱥ(ᵫr᝱uᔣv᝱ḄwIj஺ḄᑖxᨵḄx(ᡂᑖᦑᐸi_j⌕{|0࠷,.~ᡠḄi_j-ᢣḄi_wI஺♦i_᳛ᙠi_j{ᐳᰚjḄ.wIqᐸᑖḄi_Ḅ,i_᳛ᑖᦪ⊤஺2-12wIqᑖḄi_᳛஺qO?=l-^
xl00%G7tO3—i_᳛%
Efp—i_j࠷
Et—wI࠷

6♦ᨬᜧlᨔᡂ2-12ᡠ¡¢.1.5࠷ḄwI¤ᨵ80%Ḅᑖi_-lᨔᡂḄ=⌕¤,¥ᨬᜧlᨔᡂ஺¦§¨i_Ḅ(ᩭ©ᨬᜧlᨔᡂ-i_¢ªᨬ«⌕Ḅ¬஺ᨬ®ᨵ¯°ᨬᜧlᨔᡂḄ¤±᡽ᜧᑮ0^^-15࠷»♦i_Ḅ´ᓄ(-)ᱥᳮ´ᓄ1.¹rCᜫ2.¹eº»¼ᑁo3.ὑ♦¹eº»¼ᑁoᙠ0࠷_ᡂl¹e½¾¿9%,ᙠ¹e½¾¿6%஺lḄwIÀqÁ1࠷,ᐸ¹eᦈÃ0.01Ä0.05%஺ÅὅFº»ᦈÃᜧÇÈᡠdᑖÈḄi_¹eɺ»஺♦i_DIlᨔ¹ÊᡂḄᐵÌÍÎᱥ]^ᵫÏᦪÐÑ᪀ᡂÐÑᑁᑖxᨵÒÈḄÓVÔIᜧljÒ{3Õi_Ö-✌ᐜ¦ÐÑ◣ÚÛÜḼᑁÞᑖḄᔣ᜜ußlᨔÞ⌲áᔣᑁâã஺ᵫ|i_DIᡠÊᡂḄlᨔ¹Ḅä᝱ÉᨵÒᜧåæ(⊤2-3)஺᠒iÊᡂḄlᨔ¹ä᝱GÐѼḄ»pèᜧ#ÐÑẚê]^_᪀ëìí«îiᜧïrCᜫ(ðqÁ4ñiḄòóᑣõöF÷஺♦ñDi_Ḅøùúû?♦i_¢ªḄM=⌕üú\ᑖ]ᡂ?iýᓾMஹi_Ḅ_ᨔþᙠஹஹi_Áw¢ªḄM♦iᩩ
-18࠷ᜧᦪᨬḄ

ᱥᑮᢓᑴ"⌕$%&'ὑḄ)ὃ⇋Ḅ⌱-•/0ᵨ95%23Ḅ஺5627ᯠ9:;<ᜧ=>ᜧ'ὑ♦?ᨔABCDᨵ&FḄGᶇIᑖKLMᨔNNOPᨵQR஺IḄSTUVMḄSTUWMᨔNSTUVᜧMᨔNSTUᡠ2ISTY=Z[ᨬ\]ᙠᜧMᨔN⊤☢aᐸNOcᜧ஺de᪵ḄISTZ[6᩽ᐸh᠒jᨵkAl0ᵨm?஺n?⌕Ḅo
Ḅp:ᵫr
p:⌼ᡂuᓄஹᨔḄxyz{aIᑖ|Z[MᨔNᡂk}l
p:⌼ᡂᑁ
PaISḄZ[>

7஺/ᩭ?ᨔḄr
p:Ḅ⚣᳛஺ᜧᦪᶧ=>ᒓ?ᨔḄ஺?ᨔḄᢝ|Y=a6ᡂḄMᨔNᡂrh᠒ḄᜧMᨔNḄ᝱¡¢⌼ᡂẚ¤஺♦¥'ὑḄ■§½Ḅ¾¿ᒹÁᡈ0⊤Ã╄M⊟ḄÆÇÈ2ᨵᦔᙢ%&Mᨔᓣ©¬Ḅ'ὑ♦ËlÌÍ9ᜫoÏNÍḄ9ᵫrᾙ¯¡¢ᙠUl¶ᔣ᜜9ᜫ஺lᑁᱥᳮᓄâᜧËlNÍ9ᜫPâ஺ãäåÏ6Ḅ
æḄpHéËḄ6♦PPP”ᩩ¥Ḅ¯ᒹìíîᑖÏïÑᩭḄðA¯Üñ9ØC¹ᢝḄ¯஺ðA¯"⌕oᧇ(productofinitialquality)ஹᜐᳮ(processingmethod)xᒹ(package)!"#Ḅ%&'()“PPP”ᩩ.஺᝞1⌱ᵨ45Ḅ6ᧇ'8ᵨ9:;<'=ᨵ?@Ḅᒹ'ABCDᩭḄCFGᐹᨵ?@ḄF5'()IJF54K஺♦TTT”ᭆNOPFḄᨬR5SᑣU“TTT”ᩩ.Ḅ%&஺ᡠW“TTT”Xᢣ:PFᙠBCஹ[\]^ᔜ!`⁚b'cᔊḄef(time)gcUḄ

8cᔊḄef()qF5\J'´µqF5rs¶highqualitylife,º(HQL»஺᝞1yᩩ.¼½z¾'ᑮÀÁᜫÃᖪFÅÆ)᪗'Gᡂ)wᵨ\J¶practicalstoragelifeº(PSL»஺qF5\J^}ÇÈÉÊËÌ'Íwᵨ\JÎᒹÏ\ஹÐÑஹ├ÓgÔÕÖ`⁚஺HQLgPSLḄ×ØXᵫPFᙠ]^`⁚bᡠcᔊ{ḄFA?ᜩABᐸ&9DEF0஺ᑣ6*+,I%&Jᜩ&9DE᳛L100%Dn=--------A♦MᑖOᱥQᔠS᝱ᓄVQᔠMஹᱥᳮᓄVQᔠMஹXYQᔠMᑖ?Z[MᑖA♦\]^M_`\ᱥᧇL]bḄMᑖ^_!4c\Mᑖ^_?deAlV=1^x100%ijSg\♦f]^M_`fᱥ9L]bḄMᑖ^_!4cf]Mᑖ^_?WhAi="xl00%gfjkMᑖᣚmL:opᡠᢣḄMᑖ^_sᢣ\]^M_!tf]^M_pᵨufv

9♦y⊝Mᑖᙠz{Ḅ*+ᩩ},!~%&⊤☢Mᕜ=!ᐸMᑖᔾ▬ᜐu᝱y⊝ḄS᝱!%&Mᑖ^_Oᓄ஺6=Ḅ\+cy⊝\+!Ḅ%&Mᑖcy⊝Mᑖ஺♦ᔾ▬᪆*?=᎛ᔾM=᎛ᜫMA1ஹ᝞ᱥᧇḄ⊤☢ᑖᜧuḄᑖPᱥுPA!ᑣᱥᧇῃMfv!cᔾᵨ¡2ஹ᝞PᱥP!ᑣᱥᧇ¢£ᕜᔾᦈtᔾ\!cᔾ▬ᵨ¡3ஹ~ᱥ=¦!§¨©Vy⊝S᝱஺6=ᱥᧇ\+Ly⊝\+WyA஺y⊝\+ª«¬uḄᑖᡈὅ«¬u\+᜛!ᓽᙠy⊝S᝱,!ᱥᧇ⊤☢Ḅ²/⛳?4ᓽuḄ\+ª஺᝞P´µ>Ḅy⊝S᝱1ᵫ\ᱥᧇMᑖ·ᑮḄ!ᑣ¹k᜛WyḄᐵ»cLᔾ*?ῃM*A!᝞1¼ᱥᧇᔾ\½ᡂḄ!ᑣcLᔾ▬*♦fᑴ´Ï᳛«¬uᱥᧇÕ+ÖÊS᝱஺ឤÏfv▤BC
ᱥᧇ\+ᕈÙ,D!fvÏ᳛Ú{஺ᙠ¹▤ÄᑁᔣᱥᧇËÝḄÊ_ᐰßὑuMᑖḄ!ᱥᧇ⊤☢*+]á஺âLↈäᩞᧇ!ᐸMᑖ`æçS᝱èé!ᱥᧇ*+´æç*+?ᓽ\ᳫ*+A¡âLÕäᩞᧇ!êᑖMᑖ4ëᙠᱥᧇᑁê!ᑣ6=ᱥᧇ⊤☢*+u\ᳫ+!tìḄí*+ëEu\ᳫ*+!ᦑᙠឤÏfv▤Ä!ᱥᧇᑁê4ëïᙠ*+ð+஺ᙠfv

10♦*+⌴Ḅᱯ./01234᛻%&ᜐ78⛳:;᝱=/01ᓽ?ᙠ஺AB⊤DᙠEᑖᔣ᜜HIJKLMNN8OḄᑁQEᑖᡠS3T
ABUVᨵᜧYEᑖ=Z[\]^_ᵫa☢ḄEᑖIJcde=/01UT
ABḄEᑖIJfgᵨ⍝jklmᩭopqr01;/01ḄtruvT
ABᑁQ^⊤Dwx]ᡂvEᑖzᙠ{Ḅ|ᵨ,ᑁQEᑖ~aᡈI&]mᔣ⊤DZᡠḄr01EᑖḄqzஹz♦*+⌴Ḅ⌕ABᱥᧇḄᡂ^᪀ABᡂᑖᙠᱥᧇUḄஹஹᔠEḄ;᝱ஹ᪀ஹᱥᧇḄ⊤☢ஹ%&Ḅஹ%&ஹ%&ஹᜧ&ᡈ%ஹᱥᧇ♦ABᙠ
01UᐸᑁQ◀vEᑖ£ᔣ⊤D᜜¤ᙠEUḄ¥£஺Ḅᨵ¦[§¨q1ஹᵫ7AB
=⊤Dᦈª«ᑁD¬ᑮªruUḄa®0¯°ஹ±²:³´ᔣ᜜஺ᑮ⊤DḄaIJK~⌲¶ᜧ22ஹᙠ⊤D^ᑁDa·Ḅ|ᵨ¸¹Ḅᵫ⊤DᔣᑁD஺"º¦[»ᔣc¼ḄḄ½8¾Ḅ¿ὅ«ABᑁQḄᑖÁ8ᙳᒴKὅᑣ«ᑖÁᙳᒴᓄ஺
ᑴBᑁQḄᑖÁᔲᙳᒴᨬÉÊË7
¥ᓽÊË7
ḄÌÍᩩÏ஺Ð⌕Ñᵨ〉3Ḅ
ᑴÌÍᩩÏg«
ᑴBᑁQḄᑖÁÓÔᙳᒴᓄ஺♦ÕÖ
וÕÖ
ÙᳮqÕÖ
ÑᵨÖᓄᘤ~ᧇaᑖᦣÖÝÞᵨ*%&
ÖÝßàᡂῃE
01ᧇagaஹâãaᡈäåa¥gᰚçaᡈèéa஺•gᑖqÕÖஹ&ÕÖஹêëÕÖ•ÕÖ
ᱯ.qজÕÖ
íîïḄÖÝ^*%&ðñ,ᐹᨵ᩽ᜧḄ⊤☢ᨵᑭ7+*+01,eᱥᧇ
=xõö÷$30÷2ঝᙠ&U⊤☢SḄ⚩ú8û0ᕜý%&Ḅᳫᵫ7
þᨬÉÿ
〉ᔠឋᱥᧇḄঞᱥᧇᙠᑁ᧕ᦋᩩ!"#⁚%ᑴ'Ḅ()ᢣ᪗᝞

11-ᑖ/ஹᨬ234)5;টᡂ◤⌕;<=ᐹᨵ@ḄABឋঠDEFᓄHᙠIJK᝱MᨵᑭOPᢝRSTஹUVWXডᡠ◤[ᜓ@]ᜧ=ᙠ_
`abcὑ)ᜧஹᑭᵨ᳛_ghcὑijkᜧঢ⌕mᨵ@ᑖnᦔ᳛Ḅbpqrᔠᱥᑖn[ᜓ"s'tᜫvWXᜧbwxyz{Ḅ[ᜓᢗ}~ᵨ@஺♦⍝Ḅᦔ⌕OᧇabḄDgᔣᨵDஹ⌮DvrD஺ᨵDஹ⌮DrD♦ᓣஹa5R⚜ᐜᙠaᩩ!Mᓣ◀¢£ᑖḄ஺¤ᳮᓣᒹ4§¨EᓽvᓣE♦ªஹ«£ឋஹ¬«ᦪḄᭆ°v±²♦ᑴḄªRᑴ`ª³/?F·ᑴ¸¤ᧇ()³G¤·vᑴ()³G·Ḅªºᓽ»T'1kgᑴ◤⌕Ḅ¿À¤ᧇ()³kg·஺RḄªÁ᧜Ã'ḄT'ᡂÄ5஺♦ᑴpÅÆᙠ«£³¬¿ᔾÈ£ᑖ·ÉRᵨ஺ᑴ«£ឮ«¤ᩭ¿ÀK᝱ḄE⊝)ᑴ(Ḅ¬⌕ᢣ᪗஺ᑴ«£ឋ¿ÀRᑴͬ¿ᔾÈ£ᑖḄEpÅÎᵨᑴᔾ£k¬ḄEᩭ⊝)Ï=ÐᙠpÑEÒᑴEÓÔÕ(ᓄḄÁ᧜஺Öxᑴ«£ឋᡂÖᑴEÓ%ᑴᑴ(Ḅ¬⌕ᢣ᪗«£ឋHᵨ"Mᢣ᪗⊝)«£ª³R«·Ö«£Ø¬³G«·vᑴÙ᪵¬³G·Ḅªº஺«¬ᦪ³K«·Ü«£ᑴḄØ)³G«·vÝ᪵ᑴÙ᪵)ᙠᑴ¸Ḅ

12Þ¤ᧇ¬³G¤·jª஺Kn="xlOO%ᡈ.G«1pᤷx100%ᡈ«G¤âGã³l—ä·G"K“=জ=/ஹG*100%'3%Óáåáæp¤ᧇᑴḄ£ᑖ4)³Ö·♦ᑴḄ«¤ឋᑴ¬¿ᔾᦈ£ᑖᙠ¬)ஹᜧèvéKஹ(ᙢஹë⁐ஹíᕡஹᡂᑖஹ᪀"ðᐸòHówô5ᔜ¨☢ឮ«¤ᩭ¿ÀK᝱ḄE஺♦ᑴ«£ឋ¿ÀRᑴͬ¿ᔾÈ£ᑖḄEpÅÎᵨᑴᔾ£k¬ḄEᩭ⊝)Ï=ÐᙠpÑEÒᑴEÓÔÕ(ᓄḄÁ᧜஺Öxᑴ«£ឋᡂÖᑴEÓ%ᑴᑴ(Ḅ¬⌕ᢣ᪗஺♦R÷ø÷ᜮRᨵ§¨ᩩ!1ஹRúᐭübḄᘤÓ2ஹþᑮᖪ
ᩔḄ⌕஺♦ᱥὊឋḄᱥḄஹᜐᳮᱥḄᔊஹᑖஹஹpH!ஹ"#ᡂᑖ%&'()*+Ḅ,-.ᵨ01ᑮ3Ḅ45᝞78ⅅ(ுℍ⃔(ு0=(⏣ு?(ுᵞAஹBCDFG"#HḄBCDIᙠ)ᱥK,-.ᵨ஺L⌕Mᑮ'᪵Ḅᩔᦔ?PQBCDRḄ"#◤⌕TUVᜧXḄFᜐᳮஹYZ[ஹᾦ]ஹ^_`ஹᜐᳮaGbஹcdᦪஹ♦PHᵫgpH!hᱥḄiᨵḼlᑗḄᐵoPpqrᑮ"#Ḅᩔsᐰ஺uᜮw
HᢥpH!yz"#ᑖ{⏚ឋ}⏚ឋ~ᜧ஺Fឋ"#%Acidfood
:ᢣᜩᯠpH!W4.6Ḅ"#)⁰ஹ=ஹᐸPpHJ!<4.7,)Y?PpH!W4.9,{⏚ឋ"#஺ᨵGzpH!3.77Ḅ{⏚ឋ"#஺}⏚ឋ"#Lowacidfood
:ᢣᨬ⊝pH>4.6,%,>0.85Ḅ"#Pᒹ⏚ᓄ}pH!Ḅ}⏚ឋ?ஹᑴ#P&ᒹ⏀

13¡ᧇ஺⏚ᓄ"#(Acidifiedfoods)8ᢣFᐭ⏚ᡈ⏚ឋ"#¦§#ᨬ⊝pH!W4.6aw>0.85Ḅ"#஺¨.ª᪗¬ᑜᑖḄ®¯¦8)°±²³ᜧP´µᑖ¶g·ᯠ¸(¹⌕¦º»)Ḅ½¾ᾙÀᩚᙠpH<4.6ஹa,<0.85ᩩÃ7ÄÅiᑗ&§À஺pH>4.6Ḅ"#ÆÇ,ÈzᐸᐰÉᩔÊ,HᾙÀᩚÌiḄᨬ}pH!ᡂ{~"#Ḅᑖ¸Í஺᝞?"#Q⏚ÎÏ'P)ᱥὊឋḄ}ᦔ?{8Ð⏚>ÒÓ⏚>Ô⏚஺᝞pH!{Õ¬Pᑣ8Ô⏚ுÐ⏚ுÒÓ⏚஺♦uᜮ"#§Ḅ×ØÆ▤Ú¦8᣸ÜஹlÝᩔPuᜮ"#ḄÕÞ§ßX♦D!àá8D!ᢣᦪ⌴Gb(decimalreductiontime),{ᙠã•àḄå᛻çèéa7Pᩔéê+ëcᨵìIᦪḄ90%ᡠ◤⌕ḄFGb(min)஺î▭¨¦ᢣçèéð᳛òÍóß•Ø)ᦪôåᡠ◤⌕ḄGbPpᙠᦪ!¨õgqÍö᳛Ḅ᎔ᦪ஺ᱯù8D!óᜧPᑣ+éúð᳛ó᠒P+ḄὊឋüó1஺ýþüó3PD!h+ḄὊឋþbIᙠÿᐵDᦪᐵᜐᳮஹஹ᛻஺♦!"#$%(TDT$%)!"#(thermaldeathtime)()ᙠ+,-.ᜐ/+,ᩩ1-Ḅ3ᡈ56ᐰ8ᩔ!ᡠ◤⌕Ḅᨬ>ᜐᳮ"#(min)♦ᢣᦪ⌴A"#(ThermalReductionTimeBCTRT)ᢣᦪ⌴A"#()ᙠDEᱯ,!ᩩ1-.Gᡈ5HᦪAIᑮ3+K᝞1(T""ᡠ◤⌕Ḅᜐᳮ"#(min),nM⌴Aᢣᦪ஺᝞3-NᦪAIᑮ10ஹ◤⌕10ᑖPᓽᐸTRTM10(min),⊤TMUTR7=10min஺♦VᜮXYḄZ[\Z]^_^_Z]`ᔠ\Z♦ᩔ\ᩔ\bcᩔdKe⌕ᨵஹ"#ghijke⌕lᡂ஺⊤T᝞-U

14

15o+ᩔ┡ᑁḄrsᵫᓣvᑮd,ᩔᡠ◤Ḅ"#wmin{,bcᓣ"#}+ᩔ-~ᢝḄ"#wmin{,bCឤ"#%—ᩔ┡ᑁrsᵫᩔᑮVᡠ◤Ḅ"#wmin{,CMᓾ"#ᡈ"#+d,Ḅᩔw࠷{PMᡈᓾ"ᩔ┡ᡠᵨhiwkPa{஺♦᜻VᜮXYgᓾKnVᑁḄ"#Ḅᓄ+!"(ᨵᱥ!¢]Ḅ!¢£஺᜻Ḅᩔ"#Ḅᳮ¤()᪷¦VᜮXYZ§¨gᔜ"ᱥ!"#Ḅᐵ,ªᑮᳮ¤«¬ᐰK"3-◤⌕Ḅஹᓾᩔ"#஺♦V®ᘤ1ஹឋ²g⌕³w1{ஹ^´µ¶w2{ஹᐹᨵ¹ºḄ»¼ឋ²Uw3{ஹᐹᨵ¹ºḄὊῖ⇨ឋ²w4{ஹ〉ᔠÃÄᓄÅ஺w5{ஹÇÈஹÉÊËᵨ[Ì~Í஺2ஹ®ᘤÎw1{ஹ}ÏVw2{ஹÐᴻVw3{ஹÒV♦VᜮḄ᣸Ô•᣸ÔḄÖḄU1ஹ■ØᡈAÙᩔ"ᑁ®ᱥḄÚÛË®ᘤÜᡈẚÞßà}ÏVᔁâgã%Ḅ»¼ឋ■ØÐᴻVäå஺2ஹ■ØVᑁºÔឋGg◭Ḅçèé஺3ஹêᑴᡈAÙVXYᙠìKníḄîïðVḄᑁñῖ⇨஺4ஹòóᡈAÙVᑁXY⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡḄ¹ᓄg÷Í⃩ùᱥsḄÞᜫ஺•ÖûüýḄVᜮ᣸Ô[ᨵ3U᣸Ôஹþÿ
᣸᣸♦⚔◣
ᶇᨵ〉Ḅ⚔◣஺ᡠ⚔◣ᢣ
ᑁ⊤☢ᡈ"☢#
$ᑁ%&ᡠᶇ'◣Ḅ()஺
⊤☢#*ᘤ,-•/0(428mm,7
8⚔◣9:;325mm஺⚔

16◣ᜧ?@ABCDᑮḄFஹᔁ-ḄIឋKஹLḄM':ஹNOḄῖ⇨ஹḄR⁐ஹ
ᜮḄRUῖ⇨V♦IWX
ḄI(Z[ᔁ-)ᜮ⍝^_ᱯabcdefZ⍝^_ᱯabgdh♦ᓄjklᵨnkoஹ■qRrḄᱥrtuklᑺᐸxᒹz■ῖᑺஹᩔ|ᑺஹk}ᑺஹᢙᓄᑺV஺♦■ῖᑺᐹᜓḄᩩbᐰஹᵨᨵᦔஹẚḄᨵr♦᡽ᦣtFḄCD♦ᵨLḄᜐᳮᨵᡂᑖ▬Ḽᙠ⊤☢ᢓᑴ¡ᱥḄ¢£ᑮklḄ¤Ḅ஺¤¥ᢈ§¨dᡂ;©ªᐹᨵᱯ«¬ᕡᑴḄ®¯°஺♦Ḅ¤Ḅ±²Ḅ¤Ḅ³⌕ᨵbজ¶·ᑴᱯ«Ḅ¬ᕡ¸©✏ᕡfঝᑴ᜜¼LᱯᨵḄ⁐½©¾ᾙᑴᨵÀÁÂ⁐ÃᵨfঞῃÆÇÈᩔ|ÉÊ■qῖËRrᾙᑴὊÍlfটᡂᑖÏÐᑴᑁÑ■qᾦÓᓄ஺♦ÔÕÖxKᑖ)×ØÙÙÚÛÕᐸxᨵÜÝ(a)᠄[benz(a)nthracene],ZÜÝß:ஹÜÝáஹáâ4®ᵬá(4-methylprene)஺ᙠäåᓄᔠᱥxçèᨵÜÝéêZÜÝëìíᱥr஺ᙠxᐸîÙÚÕïðÂñòóᨵìíឋ஺½ᑴᩭõö[⌕Ḅ■ῖÃᵨ÷KLᱯᨵḄ¬ᕡ஺òó³⌕▬ᙠᑁḄ⚩ùúûᵨüýḄ°þâ@ᐸ◀
ᙠᱥḄᜧᜧ஺♦᯿ᢈḄᱯজᩔᦔ!"
#ᢥ%Ḅ&'ᑺ)᦮஺ঝ,-ᨵᱯឋ012஺3ᑺ(0.5Mrad)᯿4Ḅᙠ56789ᨵ:;<ᓄ஺ᓽ?@Aᑺ(>1.0Mrad)᯿
ḄᓄC<ᓄDE2஺FG@HIJᜐᳮ
ᡠNᑁPQRSTᓣA
STVWᙠ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡ\☢Ḅ^ᜧ<ᓄ
᜜`"
⃩bcdSe3,ghᦔ!ijᐸl\m஺ঞoὑ
qᵨ3஺ট9ᨵ᜜ItᱥḄuᶇ஺ঠxIyᩔz{
4|}~ឋ
oஹᙳᙢᑮᑁP
ᩔ஺ড⁚

17ḕo
IJᦔ᳛A஺ᢗ#஺ডᜐᳮ\m
S@ஹஹ᝱ஹ¢£¤@h£ஹᜧᒹஹ2ᒹ¤@ᦣᒹ
ᙳ#ᒹᡈᣊᒹ"©&'ᩔᜐᳮ஺-
ªজᩔᑺS«ᨵ¬⏘So®ᐰᜫ±஺ঝᓄC<ᓄ²ᯠE´µᨵ#o¶S"Ḅ56ឋ<ᓄ஺·¸<ᓄ¹⌕@ᵫ¼½¾ḄᵨVWḄ஺ঞ,´¶ᱥḄ¿Àᑺ,ÁᩭÃ@zÄᜧḄ
FÅ
ÆÁᕒḄ■ÉÊËÌÍÎᐰÏÐ஺ÊËÑÒÓ4
8ÔÊËÕÖᙢ,×ØÁᕒ&'ÙÉ஺♦᯿ᓫÛ-
Ó4ឋRÓ4ឋRDÜÓ4ឋ±R
@RÓ4ឋÝḄᱥᳮ஺ᓫÛᨵÞßàáCi
ஹâ#Bq
ஹãäÄ஺åæᵨâ#áBq
஺1â#áBq
⊤èÓ4ឋ«Ûéêëᨵåì-í᪶⊦<஺IBq=2.O73xlO-llCi-
᯿4@ᵨᩭRX4|ᡈY4|ᙠðñᵯ½oóḄᱥᳮ஺ᓫÛᨵÞôᴊáR
ஹö÷/kgC/kg
஺lR=2.58xlO_4C/kgáøùᔾᦈᑺü᯿4ᱥᡠᔾᦈḄ4|ḄoÜGᔾᦈᑺ
ᓫÛᨵÞýþárad
ஹᡀ
Gy
஺1Gy=100rad♦Ḅᒹஹ■ᜓஹ〈ᐰ♦᯿ᙠḄᵨ-
ᑺ"᯿#ᙳ᯿ᑺ"&'ᙠIkGy()*+⌕ᢓᑴ/01ஹ2℗4Ḅ567ᩔ9᧎;<ᾙ>?Ḅ@ABC;*DEFGḄHI஺
-J4ᑺ"᯿#ᙳ᯿ᑺ"&l~10kGyKL*+⌕MḄNOPQCᱥḄS₹"*OPU6

18WX@QCᱥḄᦪ"<ᦋ[Ḅ\]ᱯឋ஺
`Jᜧᑺ"᯿#ᙳ᯿ᑺ"&10~50kGyKL*+⌕ᵨbᖪdMḄḄef<ᩔe@g஺