自学考试-计算机系统结构(全国)

自学考试-计算机系统结构(全国)

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270ÄÅᦪᓟ9%ឋLஹÇᡂnḄRISCᜐᳮᘤᵨÈḄ0¡0Àᡂᜧ[\ᜐᳮɯÊᯠḄq஺QRᜐᳮ;̶ͳCÎͳᜧ[\ᜐᳮ᪀ᡂSIMDᡈMIMD34஺ᐹᨵឋLÐÑÒ%C;᡽KឋÓḄÔ¹஺᝞Õ9RISCᜐᳮᘤḄឋLUÖOOMFLOPS,ᑣ10249Q᪵ḄᜐᳮᘤÀØᡂḄMPP34ᐸᨬ%ឋLÉÛlOOGFLOPSoQÒᵨᓫᜐᳮ᪀ᡂḄÝ`ḄឋL⌕%¤rSÞ⌼Ð;LßḄ1/5஺;᡽KឋÓ⊤áᙠLÒH¼âᙢãä±¹ᜐᳮᘤᦪ734Ḅ[\ஹᜐᳮ&³ஹ34ÐÑåæᵨḄ◤⌕஺ᵨᑖèÂᘤᩭäê>?ë஺ì·ḄMPPᜧxíSIMD`ᜐᳮᓫᐗᦪ¯S᝞TMC1987jḄCM-2ᜐᳮᓫᐗᦪÛ4K-64K,9ᜐᳮᓫᐗL¯ïᓫIᵫᵨឋNðyK஺ñᩭᜧSᙳᵨMIMD`᝞TMCḄCM-5ᨬSᨵ16K9ᜐᳮᘤ஺nCUBEòó1992j6ᨴõ¤ḄnCUBE2,ᵫ81929ᵨᜐᳮᘤᵨYö¼÷¡0ÀᡂḄMIMD34ᨬ%ឋL;Û34GFLOPSC12300MIPS஺1995jõ¤ḄnCUBE3,ᵨ128~655369ᵨᜐᳮᘤÀᡂMIMD34ᜐᳮᘤøùឋLU100MFLOPS,34ḄúU65000GB,ឋLᨬᜧ;Û6.5TFLOPS஺;yQûüMPP34ýᡂUþáÿឋḄḄ᪀஺2090ᨵᖪᓄḄMPPᙠ"#├%஺Intel&'1991()ḄParagonXP/S,*32~2048+,-ឋ.75MFLOPSḄ/ᜐᳮᘤi860XPᵨ4☢6789:ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.200MBA,BCDE.45262GB,<=ᨬGឋHI153GFLOPS஺MasPar&'1992()ḄMP-2,J+SIMD<=ᵨ1024~16384+,-ឋ.0.15MFLOPSḄKᵨLᱏNOPQᐵ7>897>?@᳛.1.4~23MB/s,BCDE.4GB,<=ᨬGឋHI2.4GFL0PS஺27

271TUVW&'1992()ḄAP1000,ᵨ16~1024+,-ឋ.105MFLOPSḄSPARC/ᜐᳮᘤNXYZ789᪀ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.25MB/S,BCDE.025-16GB,<=ᨬGឋHI105GFLOPS஺CRAY&'1993()ḄCS6400,[\ᘤᵨ4~64+SuperSPARC/ᜐᳮᘤ]+ᜐᳮᘤᨬᜧឋ.60MFL0PS,ᵨ4_`a89:ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.1760MB/s,BCDE.0.25sl6GB,<=ᨬᜧឋ.3.84GFLOPS஺NEC&'1993()ḄConju-3,ᵨ8~256+,-ឋ.50MFLOPSḄVR4400SC/ᜐᳮᘤNb9c789:ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.40MBA,BCDE.0.5-16GB,<=Ḅᨬᜧឋ.12.8GFLOPS஺TMC&'1993()ḄCM-5E,ᵨ16~16384+,-ឋ.160MFLOPSḄSPARCLᱏN᪛89:ᡂSIMDᡈMIMD<=7>?@᳛.20MB/S,BCDE.2s2097GB,<=ᨬGឋHI2.6TFLOPS஺IBM&'1994()ḄSP2,ᵨ8s512+,-ឋ.266MFLOPSḄPOWER2/ᜐᳮᘤNGឋQᐵ7>89:ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.40MB/S,BCDE.2-1000GB,<=ᨬGឋ.0.136TFLOPS஺Convex&'1994()ḄExemplarSPP1000,ᵨ2s128+,-ឋ.200MFLOPSḄHPPA-RISCLᱏNOPQᐵZ789᪀ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.2400MB/S,BCᨬᜧDE.32GB,<=ᨬGឋ.25.6GFLOPS஺TTf&'1995()ḄSR2001,ᵨ8~128+,-ឋ.180MFLOPSḄKᵨ/ᜐᳮᘤLᱏNgYOPQᐵ7>89:ᡂMIMD<=7>?@᳛.I0MB/S,BCDE.2-32GB,<=ᨬGឋ.23GFLOPS஺h᜜jCRAYT3EஹINTELASCIOptionRedlᡃnḄoᐝ1000qrJMPPḄ28

272⊤ឋtu஺MPPḄ<=vw⌕yzᵨᡝj|ᵨᓫᜐᳮ~᪵ᩭ|ᵨMPP,ឋᓾ⌕ᦪᓫᜐᳮ.h<=ᵨ/ᑁ᪶lᜧ᜜஺ᑁ᪶ᜐᳮஹஹᓫWᐸᨬḄ*ᜧEḄ[\ᑮᑁ᪶᜜஺ᑁ᪶J᪀ḄᵨᡝḄ[\◤⌕ᐕ£¤᪀[\஺.〉¦<=ḄQ§ឋᵨ¨ᡝ/[\ᘤª«஺ᙠWᑁ᪶ḄWᵫ[\7>ḄW஺®₹4⊝Hᨵᑖ²³ஹ᦮³lµᔠ³q·஺ᑖ²³J᪷¹ᡠ◤»¼l<=®₹½¾☟᝱ᙢᑖ²ᑮ¦ḄÃÄÅ᦮³JÆ᝱ᙢ*ÇÈ+ÃÄÉᑮÊ+ÃÄŵᔠ³ᑣJÌÍὅḄÃᔠ஺ᵨᡝÏḄÐᑴ¦ÒᢝÔÕ?⌴ஹ×ØᵨlᑖÙ«ÚEᐳÜq·ª«ᐙᑖÞᢵ)MPPḄᦔ஺MPPḄ]+ᜐᳮÃÄrᨵᙢCáᘤN7>câᵯä9ᑮKåḄ897>æçèᐸÃÄḄW஺/ᜐᳮᘤ/CacheNCáᘤ`aèᙢCáᘤl7>câᵯä9c஺MIMD³ḄMPP<=J+¤é<=ᐸ]+ᜐᳮÃÄ|ᵨᖪᓄḄ/ᜐᳮᘤ஺ᜐᳮÃÄᑁ|ᵨᱥᳮᑖÙḄëfÐᙬḄᙢCáᘤÃÄḄᵨÔÕ?⌴஺KåḄ897>ᐹᨵGîï<=H᡽ñᑮᦪᓟ+/ᜐᳮᘤ஺7.5.6ó<=ó<=J*+GឋḄôõᡈG᫏/³|ᵨGḄW7>÷89:ᡂḄ<=஺ᙠø£ÏùlúᡂQÞZ᛻ḄÒᢝü£=lýᜐᳮæçஹþÿḄᦔᜐᳮ஺Ḅ᪀Ḅ᪀Ḅ஺Ḅ⌕ᵨ"#$⌴஺&'᪀'(Ḅᩭ*+,ᑖ./012/3&ᵨᡝᩭ*⊤6Ḅ+78᦮Ḅ஺29

273:ḼRISCᢈ=ᢈ=Ḅ>?@AB᛻DḄᦋᗐGHIᵨJKLᡈ᫏OPQRKSTR'(ḄᨵḼVWḄឋYZ[\஺]^ᢈ=Ḅ_I`὚ᔠḄc⚠eᑮghi஺jklmḄnm᳛pqO.5GB/S,rᙠt>ẆᑴwmḄnx᪀ᡂᐝ{ᑖ./ᦪ}H~FDDIḄPmḄATM_$2/ḄᨵᦔᙢgᵨḄ஺tᐵᢈ=Ḅ>?,gtᐵḄlmnYᜧ᦮7Ḅ#$஺mḄTᵨIឋYḄc⚠&¡¢ᑮg£஺mḄmឋYpY¤MPPḄ¥ᵨḄm¦\§¨©◤⌕«QḄ¬+_®¯஺᝞±YᵨḄ¬²ᑴᑴ³´µY¶ᣵ¸¹⌕ᑍ»ḄµY´ᓄh½¾ᳮ¿GHᙠᵨᡝÀÁÂÃÄÅKÆÇt├஺Éᵨ"#ÊËḄ_̤QRÍÎICPUÏeÐᑭᵨ᳛´ᓄh½¾ᳮḄᨵᦔ"#ActiveMessageᑴ+_IÃÒᑮÓ7OÔÕÖIḄᵨ×ᩭ×ØÙ஺ᐺPḄᨵBerkeleyNOWஹAlphaFarmDigitalTruclusterD஺\Ý$Ḅᜐᳮᨵ᝞ÞßàḄá(â1ᨵḄឋYZ[\஺ᵫᓝÓåᡈÓᓝåJKLᡈ᫏OPQRæᡂḄçè¦éØÙḄᵨ⌕ê]JKLᡈOPᢇìḄZ[Я஺2Ḅt>ᕜî஺'(ஹஹÅKஹAïD¸◤⌕Í«QẆᑴ⁚ḕgḄẆᑴÉòóᡠ᪀ᡂḄ\Ð☠஺3Ḅ᡽?ឋ÷஺ᵨḄᵨ᧕᡽ᐙ'(^úᜧûᦪஹüýḄᜐᳮᐹᨵÐḄᦔ᳛஺4Ḅÿᑭᵨ᳛஺ឋḄᡈᙠ᪀ᮣ270

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276ì8íᦪîï{ðñòḄVonNeumann@{¹ᵨlᑴó?Ýôõ2ᙢ᡻cᢣ÷'ᨬᜧ▲Âᙢ§¨{ḄÃcឋ஺×ùúûUNeumann@{஺F{᪀ᒹýEᵨᦪîïäþÿᦪḄᦪᵨᦪ◤Ḅ஺⌕Ḅᳮஹ#᪀ஹᱯ&'(⚪஺8.1ᦪ8.1.1ᦪḄᭆ,VonNeumann-Ḅᱯ&.ᙠ01ᦪᘤ345ᑴ789ᙢ᡻<ᢣ>?@A.B5ᑴ(ControlFlow)DEFḄ஺GᯠIBᙠJK#᪀ஹ01ஹLMᢈOPD☢R<ᦋRTUVWஹ▣ᑡᡈ[ᜐᳮ]^_`.ᢣ>ᙠ01ᦪᘤ5ᑴ781᡻<abcᨬᜧ▲gᙢT᣾iḄj<ឋ஺ூm௃oᐗq9D0a0+bx+c=0Ḅ᪷஺sb2-4acz0,IBᑏi᝞7ḄFORTRAN01vREAD*,A,B,CXI=2*AD=SQRT(B*B-4*A*C)D=D/XlX2=-B/XlXI=X2+DX2=X2-DPRINT*,X1,X2END273

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