高考阅读理解之说明文（解析版）

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2ᨵᵨḄôõ஺Whenlifegivesyoupineapples-andhundredsofmillionsoftonsofpineapplewaste-whatdoyoudo?EngineersinSingaporeandVietnamdecidedtotumallthewasteintosomethinguseful—theheatbarrierfortheirpineapplejuice.Notonlydoestheirnewmaterialkeepdrinkscoolbetterthanmanycommercialcoolers,butitcouldalsoofferafinalrestingplacefortheworld'spineapplewaste.Tofindausefbrthoseleftovers,theresearchersmixedpineapplefibers,whichtheycutupinanelectricdevice,withastickyagentasasolvent.Theythentreatedthemixwithsoundwavesatfrequenciesgreaterthan20kHzandheateditinanovenat80࠷for2hours.Thesuspensionthatformedwasthencooledbeforebeingfreeze-dried.Theresultwasapaleyellowaerogel÷øùthatislightweight,flexible,andmorethan96%porousúLḄqualitiesthatmakeitanidealmaterialagainstbothheatandsound.Whentheresearcherswrappedasheetofthepineappleaerogelaroundamilitary-stylecanteenbottle,theyfoundthattheaerogelcouldprovidethreetimestheheatexchangereductionofcommerciallyavailablealternatives-theyreportedthismonthinMaterialsChemisttyandPhysics.Thegel-wrappedbottlekept-3࠷watercooledbelow0࠷for6hoursandliquidheatedto90࠷above40࠷Thefindingsprovideanew,eco-friendlyapproachtorecyclingagriculturalcast-offs—andagoodexcusetogetabetterelectricdeviceforyourkitchen.8.Whydoengineerscomeupwiththeideaoftheheatbarrier?A.Tolowerthecostofheatbarriers.B.lbmakegooduseofpineapplewaste.C.Tofindabettercoolerforpineapplejuice.D.Toturnpineapplesintosomethingmoreuseful.9.Whatisthelaststepofmakingthepineappleaerogel?A.Freeze-dryingthesuspension.B.Coolingtheformedsuspension.C.Cuttingupthepineappleleftovers.D.Treatingthemixwithsoundwaves.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepineappleaerogelfromparagraph4?A.Itkepttheliquidheatedto130࠷B.Itkeptthewatercooledbelow-3࠷fornearly6hours.C.Itcouldbethreetimesaseffectiveasotherheatbarriers.D.Itdidabetterjobasasoundbarrierthanasaheatbarrier.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ABetterWaytoKeepDrinksCool.B.AnAlternativeWaytoRecycleWaste.C.PineappleWaste,aWonderfulDrinkCooler.D.Pineapples,OneoftheMostCommonFruits.

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ßà᝱Ḅ"âᑖ஺ãäØਭਭæçᵨ¥Ø6ᑖEveryoneprocrastinatesÈÝÞÖ.“Ifspartofthehumancondition,^saysprocrastinationresearcherTimPychyL“Wewanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatisavoidthetask."Headmitsthatintheshortterm,procrastinationispowerfullyrewarding.Thepresentself-benefits,ofcourse,butnotthefutureself.Hisresearchhasshownthatpeoplecanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.Somepeopleprocrastinatecleaning.Somepeopleprocrastinatebycleaning.Thetoptaskspeopledelayareadvancingtheircareers,takingcareoftheirhealth,andplanningtheirfinances.Onebigfactorforthemisfearoffailure,ofnotlivinguptoexpectations.KelliSaginak,a57-year-oldhealthcoachfromWisconsin,procrastinatedaboutlookingforanewjobforyears.Thatinabilitytotakeactiononlyconfinnedherbeliefthatshewouldneverdoanybetter."It'stotallyfearofjudgment,saysSaginak.6tIfIdon*ttaketherisk,1don*thavetofacethejudgment.Yetit'ssimplymejudgingmyself.”Somepeopleembraceprocrastination,insistingthatthewhite-hotpressureofalast-minutecompletionmakeshisorherworkbetter.Butresearchershaveproveditwrong."Ididanexperiment,puttingprocrastinatorsunderrestrictionsoftime.Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators,buttheythoughttheydidbetter.saysJosephFerrari,apsychologyprofessor.t4Non-Procrastinatorsfocusonthetaskthatneedstobedone.Theyhaveastrongerpersonalidentityandarelessconcernedaboutwhatpsychologistscallsocialesteem*showotherslikeus.,,Procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven'tdonemaycausediscomfort.Soifyouhavebeenprocrastinatingonstartinganexerciseroutine,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Ifyou*vebeenputtingoffaworkproject,rereadyourboss'snotesaboutit.8.AccordingtoTimPychyl,peopleprocrastinatebecause.A.itsimplifiesthetasksB.itofferstemporaryreliefC.itallowsmoretimeforplanningD.itbenefitsone*sselfdevelopment9.WhatdidKelliSaginakmeanby"Yetit'ssimplymejudgingmyself5?A.Shehasfalseexpectations.B.Shemakesquickjudgement.C.Sheregretstakingnoaction.D.Shevaluesherpresentcareer.10.WhatdoesJosephFerrari'sexperimentshow?A.Procrastinatorsusuallylackconfidence.B.Procrastinatorsturnpressureintomotivation.C.Non-procrastinatorscaremuchaboutothersYeelings.

5D.Non-procrastinatorsperformbetterwithinatimelimit.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsprocrastination?A.Favorable.B.Reserved.C.Opposed.D.Objective.ூéᫀ௃8.B9.C10.D11.Cூ?᪆௃
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ḄᩭḄ஺ூ8⚪௃⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷“Itspartofthehumancondition,''saysprocrastinationresearcherTimPychyl."Wewanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatisavoidthetask."Headmitsthatintheshortterm,procrastinalionispowerfullyrewarding.Thepresentself-benefits,ofcourse,butnotthefutureself.!“#$%&᝱Ḅ(ᑖ”Ẇ,-ḄTimPychyl.஺“ᡃ
0ᙠ2⌕456஺#᪵8Ḅ9:$;<=>஺?@ABCDᩭE$FGᨵIḄ஺Jᯠ0ᙠḄLᡃᑭIN$OᩭḄLᡃᑭI஺ᵫQ!TimPychylAR,
$RTUVWᨚYḄZ஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ9⚪௃]^_`⚪஺᪷aKelliSaginak,a57-year-oldhealthcoachfromWisconsin,procrastinatedaboutlookingforanewjobforyears.Thatinabilitytotakeactiononlyconfirmedherbeliefthatshewouldneverdoanybetter.lit'stotallyfearofjudgment,"saysSaginak.!ᩭLcdefgஹ0i57jḄᏉeᦟmKelliSaginakn6oipqrstuv஺w:xyz{|}~᝛L}86஺“#ᐰ$ᑨḄអ"Saginak.஺ᵫQ!KelliSaginakᡠ.Ḅ“Yetit'ssimplymejudgingmyself"Ḅ^$᝛៎ᨵxyz{஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ10⚪௃⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷“Ididanexperiment,puttingprocrastinatorsunderrestrictionsoftime.Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators,buttheythoughttheydidbetter."saysJosephFerrari,apsychologyprofessor."Non-Procrastinatorsfocusonthetaskthatneedstobedone.Theyhaveastrongerpersonalidentityandarelessconcernedaboutwhatpsychologistscallsocialesteem'showotherslikeus."!”ᡃ8ὅY▲ᑴ஺?
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6[11⚪௃½ᳮᑨ¾⚪஺᪷ᨬProcrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven'tdonemaycausediscomfort.!-ÀGÁᨵ6ᜐ஺ÃÃ2ᑮÁᨵ8ḄÅÆU}~Á4ᑮ〉஺ᵫQ½!vὅ-Ḅ᝱È$ÉḄ஺ᦑ⌱C஺CÊËÌᜧ▬2020iÏaÐÑÒὃÔÕÖ⚪×ᦻÙÚÛn:ᐲÝÞßàᑴ⌼ᖪãᙠäᜓßàæçÚÛnéÈ×ਭਭëìᵨY×6ᑖ¬ßàḄèU஺FascinationAutoFRANKFURT,Germany-EuropeanautomakersarepreparingforthebiggestEuropeanmotorshow,the89thInternationalAutomobile-AusstellungIAA
inFrankfurt,withaffordablenewfamilycoupeÊîßàÕandrange-toppingluxurymodels.MaseratiSpyderGTbiturbopowerplantitreplaces.TheSpyderisexpectedtobeabout$138,000.Saab9XDescribedbySaab,the9Xisasportscoupethatcombinesthefeaturesofacoupe,roadsterÊïàÕ,sedanÊð¯ñàÕandpickuptruck.Thetwo-doorcoupe,createdbyMichaelMauer,isapreviewoffutureSaabstylingsignal.BMW9SeriesAfourthgenerationofBMW'shigh-dollarsedanarrivesfor2021,introducingwhatBMWsaysistheworld'sfirstsix-speedautomatictransmissionÊòóᘤÕ.TheV-8engineissaidtobeloadedwithtechnicaladvances.Itdevelops353horsepowerand332pound-feetoftwistingforce.ThelatestversionofBMW'sHeadProtectionSystemaddsrear-sideairbags.ActiveKneeProtection,whichcontainsanadditionalairbagtoprotectthekneesoffrontpassengers,isanewfeature.Porsche91ICarreraTarga1.Whatdoesubiturbopowerplant^refertoinParagraph2?A.Wheelbase.B.Horsepower.C.Platform.D.Engine.2.Whichofthefollowingismoreconcentratedonsafety?A.Saab9X.B.BMW9Series.C.MaseratiSpyderGT.D.Porsche911CarreraTarga.

73.WhatisspecialaboutSaab9X?A.Itsignalsthestyleoffuturecoupes.B.Itprovidesall-glasstopfortheowner.C.Itisacombinationofvariousfunctions.D.Itresemblestheotherfour-doorcoupesphysically.ூöᫀ௃l.D2.B3.Cூ᪆௃#$ù.¹ᦻ஺ᦻÙÚÛn:ᐲÝÞßàᑴ⌼ᖪãᙠäᜓßàæçÚÛn¬ßàḄèU஺[1⚪௃½ᳮᑨ¾⚪஺᪷ú"”tḄᓣV-8ý{þÿ390
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KLMNFG@ᐰ஺ᦑ⌱B⚗஺ூ3⚪%&௃OᳮᑨQ⚪o᪷,ᦻ./R1uDescribedbySaab,the9Xisasportscoupethatcombinesthefeaturesofacoupe,roadsterSTUV,sedanSXYZUVandpickuptruck.”⃬\9X=TU,]UḄᱯ_`ᔠbcTUTUXYZUdᓱ஺ᡠ⃬\9XḄᱯfgᜐ`ᔠbijUḄ9:ᦑ⌱C⚗஺DSk᧡᜜mno᪥2020-2021oq/orsRqtruὃwVx⚪yẆ{|ᕒ~⏀:ᡂ|Ḅᑖ஺yਭਭᵨy6ᑖIthasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugar,butnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycoldformpartofadiet.Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthat,whileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.AspokesmanfortheresearchteamatNavarroUniversityinSpainsays,"Lighttomoderatealcoholintake,especiallyofwine,maybemorelikelytoprotectagainst,ratherthanpromote,weightgain."TheInternationalScientificForumonAlcoholResearchreviewedthefindingsandagreedwithmostoftheconclusions,particularlythatdatadonotclearlyindicateifmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.

8BostonUniversity'sDr.HarveyFinkelfoundthatthebiologicmechanismsSᱥoᑴVrelatingalcoholtochangesinbodyweightarenotproperlyunderstood.HisteampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetesSVwhichrelatetoincreasingobesity.Somestudiessuggestthatevenveryobesepeoplemaybeatlowerriskofdiabetesiftheyaremoderatedrinkers.Thegroupsaysalcoholprovidescaloriesthatarequicklyabsorbedintothebodyandarenotstoredinfat,andthatthisprocesscouldexplainthedifferencesinitseffectsfromthoseofotherfoods.Theyagreethatfutureresearchshouldbedirectedtowardsassessingtherolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinks,takingintoconsiderationdrinkingpatternsandincludingthepasttendencyofparticipantstogainweight.Fornowthereislittleevidencethatconsumingsmalltomoderateamountsofalcoholonaregularbasisincreasesone'sriskofbecomingobese.What'smore,astudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrolS⏛yV,acompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.12.Thepassageismainlyforthose.A.whoproducewineB.whohaveadrinkinghabitC.whogoonadietD.whoareeagertoloseweight13.Theunderlinedphrase“inmoderation'*inthefirstparagraphmeans.A.excitedlyB.carefullyC.frequentlyD.properly14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Currentdataclearlyshowthatmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.B.Resveratrolisprovedtoincreasetherisk,ofbecomingfat.C.Theresearchfoundmoderatedrinkinghasastrongprotectiveeffect.D.Thespecificrolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinksareveryclear.15.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Howtodosomeeasyexperiments.B.Howtoreducethecaloriescontainedinwine.C.Howtoprovethefindingmentionedabove.D.Howtomakewineinahealthyway.

9ூᫀ௃12.B13.D14.C15.Cூ&᪆௃ூᑖ᪆௃ᦻᦻ஺Ẇ{|ᕒ~⏀:ᡂ|Ḅᑖ〉¡Ḅ⏀¢i£¤|¥¢¦〉§⏀£■©|஺ூ12⚪%&௃OᳮᑨQ⚪஺᪷,ᦻ./1/ªIthasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugar,butnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycouldformpartofadiet.«Ẇ{~⏀:ᡂ|Ḅᑖ〉¡Ḅ⏀¢i£¤|¥஺ᐰᦻ¬ᙠ®¯°gᨵᐵḄẆ{ᡠᦻ²³ᑏµ¶·¸⏀Ḅ|Ḅ஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ13⚪%&௃¹º»¼⚪஺᪷,/1/½ªLookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthat,whileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.S¾¿⏅⏀ḄÁÂLÃNĶ·〉¡⏀Ḅ|Å▭Ç£ÈÉ஺V᪷,Ê»while«ÇËᦻÌᙠÍᐵÎinmoderationᢣ〉¡Ḅᨵ⁚ᑴḄᦑ⌱D஺ூ14⚪%&௃(⁚ᳮ&⚪஺᪷,/R1/½ªHisteampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetesSV,whichrelatetoincreasingobesity,«,〉§⏀ÍÏᨵ■5ÐᵨÑ〉§⏀Ḅ|i£ÒÇ஺ᦑ⌱C஺ூ15⚪%&௃OᳮᑨQ⚪஺᪷,ᦻ.ᨬÔªWhat'smore,astudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrol,acompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.«⚗Ẇ{ℍ⃔×⏀ØÌᙠḄresveratrolÅ▭ÇẚÚÉ¥(Û¶ÜÝËᩭѲ³ßᳮàḄáÁឋᦑ⌱C஺ூ_ã௃Oᳮ⚪Ḅ&⚪äå1.ᢕçᱯèéêëì⌮ᔣᡈáᔣOᳮ஺ðñòw⚪⌕ᗐÏᢕçõ1xØḄᐵöéêᓽõ·ᐵö»ᡈønùᑖ᪆ஹOᳮஹᑨQᑭᵨ⌮ᔣüᡈá☢Oᳮþÿ
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10Ebcdᜧ▬g2020hijjklmὃoᔁ⚪qᦻrs⌕tuvw1ᩭxyLz{Ḅ|ᱥKᙠ~ᱥᣴqਭਭਭᵨq6ᑖ☢⇾ᢵḼJ⌕ᵨ஺Whilebeeshoppingfromoneflowertoanotherisvividtowatch,havingbeesdisturbingabackyardbarbecuecertainlyisn't.Theymayseemlikepeskycreaturestogetridbuttherearequiteafewthingsyoumaynotknowaboutbees,especiallytheimpacttheyhaveonourlivelihood.Themainpurposeofbees,particularlyhoneybees,istohelppollinatetheplantsaroundthem.AccordingtotheDepartmentofEntomologyatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,pollinators(suchasbees)helptofertilizeplants,whichresultsin“theformationofseedsandthefruitsurroundingseeds”.Pollinatorsarenecessaryforthree-quartersofourmajorfoodcrops,includingfruits,vegetables,andnuts.Anestimated300,000speciesofplantsneedpollinators.Thafsaround80to95percentofplantspecies.Withoutpollinators,thenumberofcropswehavewilltakeaserioushit.Otherpollinatorscanhelpoutwiththisprocessincludingbutterflies,beetles,andflies.Evensomebirdsandbatscanbepollinators.However,beesofvariousspeciesareknownforbeingnaturalpollinatorsforplants.Bytakingcareofthebees,ourworldisabletobenefitintermsofagriculturalincomeandnutritiousfoodsupply.Youmaynotbeabletomakeahugechangeonanindustriallevel,butassomeonewithalandscapeofyourown,whynothelpsavethebees?28.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BeesIsDisappearing?B.HowYouCanSaveBees?C.HowBeesHelpPollinatethePlants?D.WhyYouShouldn'tKillBeesinYourYard?29.Whatisthemainpurposeofbees?A.Toprovidedelicioushoney.B.Todisturbbackyardbarbecue.C.Togetridofsomepeskycreatures.D.Tohelppollinatetheplantsaroundthem.30.WhydoestheauthorlistthenumbersinParagraph2?A.Toshowthediversityofplantspecies.

11B.Toshowhowwedependonplants.C.Toprovetheimportanceofpollinatorssuchasbees.D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenplantswhichneedpollinatorsandwhichdon't.31.Whydoestheauthorsay“wearefacingaseriousthreat”?A.Becausethebeepopulationhasdecreasedsharply.B.Becauselotsofwildbeeshavebeenhitbypeople.C.Becausemanypeopleareattackedbywildbees.D.Becausethecroplandshaveproducedlesscropsinthefall.ூᫀ௃28.D29.D30.C31.Aூ᪆௃ூᑖ᪆௃L?ᦻ஺ᦻrs⌕tuvw1ᩭxyLz{Ḅ|ᱥKᙠ~ᱥᣴ☢⇾ᢵḼJ⌕ᵨRᙠᦈᐭ¢⃩¤¥ᱥ¦§☢¨©஺ª«ὅᙠᦻrgᔙ¯°±ᦗᦪ´µᙠញᒓ[¸Ḅ⇾஺ூ28⚪¹௃sºᜧ&⚪஺ᦻr9᪀¼½ᑖ½9᪀✌¿À-§஺ᦻr✌Áv“but”«§LÂᦻḄgÃ⚪஺ᑖ᪆Ä"Theymayseemlikepeskycreaturestogetridof,buttherearequiteafewthingsyoumaynotknowaboutbees,especiallytheimpacttheyhaveonourlivelihood.ÅÆw1ᩭxyLz{Ḅ|ᱥKÇEÈZ⍝ᐵÊ⇾ḄËÌÍÎÏᐸLÅÆ]ᡃÆ|ÒḄÓÔ஺”Ö9ᔠᦻr׿ᑁÙ“Bytakingcareofthebees,ourworldisabletobenefitintermsofagriculturalincomeandnutritiousfoodsupply.Youmaynotbeabletomakeahugechangeonanindustriallevel,butassomeonewithalandscapeofyourown,whynothelpsavethebees?ÚÛ᯿Ý⇾ᡃÆḄÞßᙠᦈᐭ¢⃩¤¥ᱥ¦§☢¨©஺ÇEàáᙠâ☢*ãᜧḄᦋåK¼?æçᨵèéêëḄR¼ìíȯ°±ᦗ⇾ᕖ?"EZÂᦻḄs⚪L▰u⇾ḄJ⌕ឋFóᔙᡃÆÈ⌕ᩔõ⇾஺D⚗"WhyYouShouldn'tKillBeesinYourYard?¼ìíÇȧÄᩔõÇ▾øùḄ⇾?”úᔠsº⌕Eᨬ8᪗⚪஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺[29⚪¹௃ü⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷=ᦻr>@>1ᑁÙ“Themainpurposeofbees,particularlyhoneybees,istohelppollinatetheplantsaroundthem,"EZ⇾Ḅs⌕ᵨL¯°ÅÆᕜÿḄ
ᱥᣴ஺ᦑ⌱D⚗஺ூ30⚪௃ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷ᑡᦪḄ!"Withoutpollinators,thenumberofcropswehavewilltake

12aserioushit."#$%ᨵ'ὅᡃ*Ḅ+,ᱥᦪ-./ᑮ12ᡭ4஺56#$,ὅᑡ78ᦪ9Ḅ:;<=>?@A⇾7᪵ḄᣴὅḄ2⌕ឋ஺ᦑ⌱C⚗஺[31⚪௃ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷F1!ᑁHuUnfortunately,foryearstherehasbeenanalarmingdeclineofbeesaroundtheglobe.”#$IJᩭᐰᳫA⇾ᦪ-ញᒓPQRᙠᦻUV=WḄ▊YZ[\]ᑁH“”`ᑮ39%Ḅab+ᵪd☠'ὅᩭᣴfgᨵᡠᦈᡂkA⇾;ᙠᣴl☢nᢵ2⌕,ᵨ஺ᵫ6#$,ὅᡠr>ᡃ*s☢tuv;5<ᐰᳫA⇾ᦪ-ញᒓwxgyz{I+|}|-PQ஺ᦑ⌱A⚗஺ூ~௃ᦻ⚪!ᩭ᪗⚪=ᦻḄ⌕⚪ḄᐵᑮᐰᦻḄ⚪!஺⚪!ᙠᦻ✌ᐸ;ᙠ✌ᡈ✌!=“but”!Ḅ᎛but!ᡂ<ᐰᦻḄ⚪!஺᝞ᦻḄ1⚪1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BeesIsDisappearing?B.HowYouCanSaveBees?C.HowBeesHelpPollinatethePlants?D.WhyYouShouldn'tKillBeesinYourYard?k1⚪<ᜧ⚪ᓽ⌱ᨬ¢᪗⚪ᡈᦻᜧ⚪>?✌`£=ᦻḄ⚪஺▅¥✌n=but!ᓽ⚪!Theymayseemlikepeskycreaturestogetridof,buttherearequiteafewthingsyoumaynotknowaboutbees,especiallytheimpacttheyhaveonourlivelihood.,#$ᦻḄ⚪<▰YA⇾Ḅ2⌕ឋ§:¨©=D⚗Ḅª⚪WhyYouShouldn'tKillBeesinYourYard?«¬᪗⚪ᱯ~®¯ᩭ>D⚗°±²³ᐶµZ¶ᔠ⚪஺ᦑ⌱D⚗<ᨬ¢᪗⚪஺¸ᗩº»2019—2020»J¯»¼ᨴὃ¿À⚪ᦻÁÂ=ÃÄÅᦦᵨVisitorOysterCardḄÇᜐ᝞ίਭਭਭÐÑᵨ6ᑖÉÊË£᝞ÉᐙÍ஺TheVisitorOystercardAVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayforasingleadultjoumeyinLondon.It9saplasticsmartcard.Youcanuseitonthebus,tube,tram,DLR,LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.Ifsmuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualtickets,insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregulaipaperticket.HowtogetaVisitorOystercardHowdoestheVisitorOystercardwork?

13Afewmorepoints:•Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult.•You,llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(Ô...Ö▲•You'llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.PeakfaresapplyfromMondaytoFriday(6:30am—9:30am;4:00pm—7:00pm),exceptforpublicholidays.•ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.•ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisitorOystercard?A.Youcan'tuseitduringpublicholidays.B.Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome.C.YoucangetafreeOystercardifyouorderonline.D.Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon.2.HowmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubefourtimesinadaywithaVisitorOystercard?A.B.C.D.3.WherecanyouaddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard?A.OntheInternet.B.Atabusstation.C.Atatubestation.D.Inconveniencestores.ூ©ᫀ௃l.B2.C3.Cூ᪆௃7;Ú>?ᦻ஺ᦻÁÂ=ÃÄÅᦦᵨVisitorOysterCardḄÇᜐ᝞ÉÊË£᝞ÉᐙÍ஺ூ1⚪௃W⁚ᳮ⚪஺!Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.#$VisitorOystercard#rÜÝÞᑮßà஺ᦑ⌱B஺ூ2⚪௃W⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷AfewmorepointsáᑖYou'llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(Ô...Ö▲#$᝞âßãäåᙢçßg⁚ḕ°IḄé஺VisitorOysterூ3⚪௃W⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷Afewmorepointsáᑖ᎔ᦪReuseIheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.#$#rᙠᙢçëìíᦑ⌱C஺

14G¸îïðḕñò»2020óô¼\õö÷øùúûüýþÿ⚪
⚪:ᐺᡠ᪥ᙠᨴḄὃ!"ਭਭਭ$%ᵨ'"6ᑖḄ஺Whileanentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortestsmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue,thatisexactlywhatthestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolinBoden,SwedenweretreatedtoinApril.What'smore,iftheresultsoftheexperimentproveencouraging,starting2019,themiddleschoolerswillneverhavetoworryaboutafter-schoolworkortests,asidefromthenationalexaminations,whicharecompulsiveforstudentsacrossthecountry.Theschoofsprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea,said,“Weareconstantlyreceivingnewreportsthatourchildrenfeelbad.Andthat'sbecausetheyhaveahighlevelofstressallthetime.Thisisourwayoftryingtoreducethatstress.^^Theeducatorsaysthatwhilebanninghomeworkandtestssoundsradical(*+Ḅ)-itmakessensegiventhechangesinthecumculumandapproachestoeducation.Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts,learningtodayisallaboutreflectionandanalysis.Asaresult,itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.Sirkkaisnottheonlyonewhobelievesafter-schoolworkdoesnothelpstudentslearn.InMarch2018,anotherprincipalinCanadaalsodecidedtodoawaywithhomework.Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.Whilethelong-termimpactoftherecentdecisionsmadebythetwoeducatorsremainstobeseen,theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework,grades,andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears.Yet,FinnishstudentsalwaysrankhighinthePISA(ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment)testsespeciallyinmathandsciencebuttheyhavetheleasthomework!Hopefully,itwillonlybeamatteroftimebeforeUSeducatorsfollowtheirleadandbanafter-schoolworkaswell!8.ThestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolhadnohomeworkinAprilbecause.A.theheadmasterwasexperimentingwithherideaB.theyneededtodosomeexperimentsduringthemonthC.theywerebusypreparingforthenationalexaminationsD.theheadmasterhadtocarryoutthegovernment'spolicy9.Whatmakeschildren'slearninghardnowadays?

15A.Childrenhavetodomoreanalyzing.B.Theapproachtoeducationiscomplex.C.Childrengetnosupportathomeandschool.D.Therearemorefactstomemorize.10.WhatdoesPetronellaSirkkamostlikelyadviseparentstodo?A.Helpchildrenwiththeirhomework.B.Freechildrenfromafter-schoolhousework.C.Spendmoretimereadingtotheirchildren.D.Communicatewithteachersfromtimetotime.11.WhatcanweinferaboutthestudentsinFinland?A.Theystudythehardestatschool.B.Theyhaveamorerelaxingschoollife.C.Theyenjoygreatsuccessaftergraduation.I
.Theyallhaveatalentformathandscience.ூ0ᫀ௃8.A9.A10.C11.Bூ3᪆௃5ᦻ78ᦻ஺ᐺᡠ᪥ᙠᨴḄὃ-97:᪥᪥;PetronellaSirkka<ᑮ>?@A-BCDḄEF-GHᐲJḄKLMNOPQᡂS஺ூ8⚪T3௃U⁚ᳮ3⚪஺U⁚ᳮ3⚪஺᪷YZ[\Ḅ“anentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortests"“inApril”]^-:᪥ᙠᨴ_ᨵὃ-Za[Zb\Ḅ“TheschooVsprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea"-]^-9c᪥Ḅ᪥;CDᩭ9ceN-fG“What'smore,iftheresultsoftheexperimentproveencouraging,starting2019,themiddleschoolerswillneverhavetoworryaboutafterschoolworkortests,asidefromthenationalexaminations,whicharecompulsiveforstudentsacrossthecountry.wghA⌕Ḅ7-᝞klmnkopqr-s2019tuv-\wxyzᵨ?{|}Ḅᡈὃ-◀ᐰᔜᙢḄḄᐰឋὃ஺]^ᙠ+9⚗m-ᡠ-Sturenskolan᪥Ḅᙠᨴ_ᨵὃ7:᪥᪥;CDḄeN-f+m-ᦑ⌱A஺ூ9⚪T3௃U⁚ᳮ3⚪஺᪷YZ[Zaஹb"Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts,

16learningtodayisallaboutreflectionandanalysis.Asaresult,itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.”]^-ᙠ-⌕7⌕l-B᝞◤⌕Ḅ7ᑖ᪆஺-¡¡¢£¤ᳮ39¥ᩞᧇ஺Y]^-ᑖ᪆¨Ḅ©hª஺ᦑ⌱A஺ூ10⚪T3௃«ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷YZ[®b"Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.”¯°,²³´᱄¶·¥¸᜜Ḅ'º°▅¼-]«^-PetronellaSirkka¢]½¾$%᱄¶·¥'º°²Ḅ▅¼-ᦑ⌱C஺[11⚪T3௃«ᳮᑨ⚪஺᪷Y®[Zb\Ḅ"theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework,grades,andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears"]^-¿tᩭ-HᐲOÀஹᡂÁÂÃ-ÄÅÆÇᦟ஺Y]«^-HᐲḄ᪥ÉhÊË-ᦑ⌱B஺