【中考冲刺】2023年福建省中考模拟化学试卷（附答案）

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2023
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CuSO.5H2O,iáᑖ_ÍÎh250âãᵨäl5஺4¾1åæçè[»ᵫß᪻êᮞìíîᑴïᡂ஺<ðᵨ:᫜ᩭîᑴçè[»h:Ḅ/0lòឋóḄ¾“u”ᡈ“ôஹ¾2Á25.0gßõöᙠ÷ᑁùúË!ÍÎLᡂᑖûüᓄḄ¢£᝞E஺!%!hCuOýᐰᑖä%!ḄÍÎhg»_Aঞ᪷
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10óὃõᫀÊ1.Bூ÷ø௃ᜧùḄú⌕ᡂᑖÞû¾ᡃýþÿḄ⃩⌕஺ᦑ⌱B஺2.Cூ௃Aஹ⚗,⏚ஹ⏚᪷ᐸᡂឋ!"H+⏚᪷%&᪀ᡂḄ,)*⏚+ᑣ-ឋ./01,Bஹ⚗+45ᓄ7ஹ45ᓄ┛᪷ᐸᡂឋ+!"0H-;)□%&᪀ᡂḄ+)*=+ᑣ-ឋ./01>Cஹ⚗,?@ஹAᵫC;)ᐗᡂḄEFᱥ+)*C;)ᓫ,I-ឋ.ḄJKL+ᑣ-ឋ.M1>Dஹ⚗+OஹPAᵫ;)ᐗᡂḄEFᱥ,)*;)ᓫ+ᑣ-ឋ./01>ᦑ⌱C஺3.Aூᑖ᪆௃UᱥVWX᎔Zஹ[⁐]^ḄW_+`abUᱥcdeᐗfᐗ஺ூ௃AஹKN03ijᨵeᐗfᐗ+)*lᔠn+ᦑ⌱⚗op>BஹCO(NH3)2ijᨵeᐗ+)*en+ᦑ⌱⚗┯u>CஹK2c03ijᨵfᐗ+)*fn+ᦑ⌱⚗┯u>DஹCa3(PO4)2ijᨵ@ᐗ+)*@n+ᦑ⌱⚗┯u஺ᦑ⌱zA஺4.Cூ௃Aஹ{|⏚ᵫ{|⏚ᑖ&᪀ᡂ+}~{|⏚ᑖ&ᵫ2~&ஹ7~4&ஹ1~e&ஹ3~5&ஹ1~&ᐳ14~&᪀ᡂ+/ᔠ⚪>Bஹ{|⏚ḄKᑖ&z12x2+7+14+16x3+32=125,Kᑖ&~+ᓫ“1”,ḕᶍ/ᑏ+/ᔠ⚪>Cஹ{|⏚jᐗ+)*ᨵᱥ+ᔠ⚪>Dஹ{|⏚iCஹHஹNஹ0ஹSᐗḄ:(12x2)z7:14z(16x3)>32=24:7:14:48:32,ᦑ4ᐗḄᑖᦪᨬ+/ᔠ⚪஺ᫀ¡1⚓+ᐳ8⚓

11ᦑ⌱c஺5.Cூᑖ᪆௃᪷£¤¥¦Ḅ§¨⚗ᩭᑨ«ou஺ூ௃Aஹ¬®¯ᤅ±◤⌕³¬1*´µᑁ+ᯠ¸ᔣ´µᑁ®¯+º»ᵨ½ᴻ¿/«ᙢᤅ±+┯u>BஹÁÂᑖ%⚩Äᜧ/LḄÆᔠᱥḄÇÈ+ÁÂÉ⌕§ÂÊËÌÍᧅᑁÏ+ÂÊÐÑÒ*ÍᧅÐÑ+ÍᧅᑁḄÓ☢Ò*ÂÊÐÑ+ÕÇḄ´µË☠½ᴻ¿Ḅi×Ø+½ᴻ¿Ë☠ÙÚÂÊᜐ+ÍᧅÜÝË☠´µᑁÏ+┯u>Cஹᙠßᵨàᜮâãâ®äᑺÉ+/0³àᜮâãæᐭèᘤᑁØ+ᔲᑣëìíäᑺ+¥¦/op+op>DஹîᵨpHäÊïðñÓḄpH,ÇÈzᙠòFóôḄ½ᴻᱏᡈ÷øùÕ1ᱏpHäÊ+ᵨòFóôḄ½ᴻ¿↾ûüïÓ+âᑮäÊÕ+þᓽ
Ḅ⁐᪗⁐ᓱ᯿ḄpH,┯஺ᦑ⌱C஺6.Aூ௃Aஹ!"ᜧ$ᦪ&'᝱)&*᝱┯+Bஹ,Ḅᓄ.ឋ01234567Ḅ869:ᡂ<=Ḅ8ᓄ,>?@AB+CஹCḄ:┤EC86ஹFᐳHIᵨḄKLMNᱥ0PQRᐙᑖ:┤RUVᡠXCᙠZ[Ḅ567᧕:┤AB+Dஹ!"Ḅ]ᦈᑭᵨ`>?a᛻c⁚efgAB஺ᦑ⌱A஺7.Cூ௃Aஹ◭iᜧj7kᨵᨵmᱥ0n4opqᵨᦑ⌱⚗┯+Bஹs᝱tunvwឋᱥ0xᵨyz:{6|}uᦔᦑ⌱⚗┯+CஹwCn9wvᵨC᫜ᦑ⌱⚗AB+DᶭᵨNaOH'ᨵḄῖ⇨ឋnvᵨᶭ⏚$ᦑ⌱⚗┯஺ᦑ⌱Co8.Bூ௃A.F7ᐭMnCh8ᓄ7ᐭMnChᨵ6z:vᵨMnChᑖF8ᓄ⌱⚗AB+B.CChnᢝ¡CO27ḄCO¡n¢ᩭ⌱⚗┯+C.CO24¤⁐¥¦
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12ூ௃A.ᵫ·ᓄᑺḄᭆºv»ᐭḄ§Ẉ½9¾᳛ÀvÁÂ9Ḅ·ᓄᑺᦑÃÄAB+B.ᵫÆᦪÇv»ᐭ§Ẉ½ḄÈḄ$ᨬÊ:ᡂ6Ḅ0ÈËᨵÌÍᦑÃÄ┯+C.ᵫÆᦪÇv»ᐭ§Ẉ½Ḅ0ÈR$9z:Ḅ6¾᳛RÀᦑÃÄAB+D.ᐭ§Ẉ½ḄÈḄ$ᨬÊ:ᡂ6Ḅ0ÈËᨵÌÍÐ0ÈḄÑ*ᨬÊ:ᡂ6Ḅ0ÈÐÒᑁᨬÊḄÔHᦑÃÄAB஺ᦑ⌱Bo10.Aூᑖ᪆௃C869:ᡂÙᑣÙ&Û8ᓄMC+C4Üᓄ&ᵬᵬE6CÞß⏚ᡈÞá⏚9:ᡂ6ᑣᵬ&6âE§⁐'ᓫ0äE8ᓄᱥᑣâ&åä&8ᓄåæᐭçèèéᔠᳮ+ூ௃AஹᵬE6CÞß⏚ᡈÞá⏚9:ᡂ6ìCn4Üᓄ&í8ᓄîᦑ⌱⚗ÃÄnAB+Bஹᵫᑖ᪆v»Ù&Û8ᓄMC&ï⁐'ᦑ⌱⚗ÃÄAB+Cஹᵫᑖ᪆v»â&ååᨵðñḄòᵯឋvIòôᦑ⌱⚗ÃÄAB+Dஹᵫᑖ᪆v»9I&CÞß⏚ᡈÞá⏚9:ᡂ6öᓄ÷Cᡈá⏚÷C+9II&Cá⏚åøᡈöᓄåù:ᡂá⏚÷Cøᡈöᓄ÷Cùå+9m&68ᓄåᙠûḄᩩý:ᡂåFþÿᔠ“ᓫᓄᔠᱥᡂᓄᔠᱥ”Ḅᱯᣚᦑ⌱⚗஺ᦑ⌱Ao11.%&'⏚)7*ᑮD4HF+SiO=SiF,T+2HO22ூ9:௃<1=>?@ABCᵬ@A᪀ᡂᑖ&@AGᡂH&ᦑᵬI%&ᦑJK%&L<2=ᙠNOஹQRSஹ'⏚)TᱥUᵫH&᪀ᡂḄᱥI'⏚)NOIᵫNᑖ&᪀ᡂḄQRSIᵫW%&᪀ᡂḄL<3=%&UY&ᦪ=᪶᜜ᵯ&ᦪ?b_᪾abcḄᦪdI9-2=7Lᨬ᜜iᵯ&ᦪᜧ4,᧕*ᑮᵯ&L<4=ᓄlḄmIᑖ&ᑖᡂ%&ஹ%&nopᔠᡂoᱥḄᑖ&ᙠᓄlqᓄrstᫀv3⚓ᐳ8⚓

13z{ᦋqḄIᑖ&Ḅ}L(5)⏚ᴻḄ⌕ᡂᑖᓄấ{ᡂᓄấOḄᓄl_K4HF+SiO2=SiF4?+2HO2tᫀK(1)%&L(2)'⏚)L(3)7L*ᑮL(4)DL(5)4HF+SiO2=SiFT+2HO4212.(1)OஹফFe2+বভNaClூ᪆௃পᙠOU┤⇨m▭cIOஹ¡ᵨḄ£¤>¥¦§?Uᵬஹஹ¨T©ª«ᡂ┤ᨬ¬ḄI¥ᜐOஹ®¯°±஺(2)H&Ḅ⊤³_ᙠ⊤³´H&Ḅᐗ¶·¸¹cº᪗C´H&ᡠ½Ḅ¾ᵯ₹ᦪᦪdᙠr¾·¸ᙠs½1©ᵯ₹¯1⌕ḕᶍLÂH&Ḅ·¸Fe2+஺(3)ÃÄឋÆÇḄQÈᐜ{ῖ⇨■ÌÍῖ⇨@Aᙠ¨ᜐ╨ÏQḄÃÐឋᜧ஺(4)rsᐗ¶}ÑqÒᓄ)ᡠÓᐗ¶⌕ᩭÕÖUḄᓄ×NaCL13.(1)A(2)20࠷-30࠷(3)জঞট59.117.3%(4)ßà£ᨔtᫀv4⚓ᐳ8⚓

14ூᑖ᪆௃পᵫ⊤âᦪ>@ãä⏚åḄæ:çèàçqᓄéêÆᜧᡠA?Uë⊤³KN03æ:çìbḄIALᦑJKAo(2)ᵫ⊤Uᦪ>ᑖ᪆@ã200cᓄ×æ:çᜧä⏚å30Cæ:çä⏚åᜧᓄ×ᦑKNO3NaClᙠîàç¯ᐹᨵñ®Ḅæ:çᑣàçḄóôöIK20࠷-30࠷LᦑJK20࠷-30࠷,(3)ᙠ20࠷¯KNO3Ḅæ:çI31.6g,÷¥জIÑ⛳æùLঝI⛳æùûüᑮ50࠷¯æ:çq85.5g,qÑ⛳æùýûᐭ30gæÿᯠ
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⛳Ḅᓾ20࠷⛳ঠᓾ10࠷,ᐳᦈ!ᑮKNCh#$=80g-20.9g=59.1gᡠ!Ḅ&&'ᑖᦪ
209஺——^—x100%«17.3%ᦑ,-জঞট59.117.3%஺100g+20.9g(4).⏚012ᨵ4'5ᓄ789:;ᨔḄ=>?@.⏚0.⏚0ḄABC:BḄᓣEᓄF5ᓄ7ᜧᦑ,-9:;ᨔ஺14.H65000.816d2ூKA௃(1)NḄOPQRឋFTḄHNUV⏚TWXᦑYᵨN᫜ᩭ]ᑴ_`aᦑ,-H஺(2)জᵫcdef650࠷CuSO4ghᑖAᦑ,-650஺ঝef1000࠷CuOghᑖAjᡂCU2OlmnYopqrḄᩈᩩuvḄw$᪷y&'zឤᐗ}n~w$wCuOᐰᑖAjw$Ḅ&'8.0g-7.2g=0.8g,ᦑ,:0;0.8»2ঞA-ᐰᑖAjᡂV⏚T&'X஺ACUSO.5HO=CUSO+5HO424225016025gx250_25gTeo--Zx=16gᫀ5⚓ᐳ8⚓

15ᦑ,-16஺টTḄᧇ•&'Ḅᱥ&Tᐗ}&'ᑖᦪᨬE!ᑮḄTᨬa64a.CuS04.5H2O1Tᐗ}&'ᑖᦪx100%=25.6%஺25064b.CuSO4Tᐗ}&'ᑖᦪ2xl00%=40%o16064c.CuOTᐗ}&'ᑖᦪxl(X)%=80%஺o064X2d.CuOTᐗ}&'ᑖᦪ----x100%88.9%஺2144ᦑ⌱:do15.CuSOᢝvFe+2HCl=FeCh+H2TMgCh34ூᑖ᪆௃A
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Æn஺16.(1)┵ÈÉMnO,(2)2H2O,2H2O+O2Tব2Na2O2+2HQ=4NaOH+O2Tgfi(4)CaCO,+2HCl=CaCl,+CO,T+H,O(5)ὃ⇋WXᱥḄÍ᝱WXᩩÏᫀ6⚓ᐳ8⚓

16ூA᪆௃পᵫcdজ┵ÈÉᦑ,-┵ÈÉ(2)MnO,ᓄᙠᓄÒᵨÓjᡂwᓄ´=ºµ-2H,O—2HO+OT222;(3)ᓄ7WXᩭᑴÔw=ºµ2Naq2+2HQ=4NaC)H+C)2TÕÖ×1ᵨAؾw$Ùjؾᵨᓄ7WXᩭᑴÔmÉÚÛḄwᑣᐜ◤ᵨÞV⏚ÚÛᯠßᵨᔣá᣸ãw>ᦈäᦑåæçègஹfஹi,ᦑ,-gஹfஹi(4)ÕÖ×ᑴÔᓄ«ᵨ«⏚┛¸¤⏚WX=ºµCaCO+2HCl=CaCl+CO,T+HO322(5)éF5⏚0ᑴwᓄᑴwḄÙjؾ◤⌕ὃ⇋WXᱥḄÍ᝱WXᩩÏéÙjؾḄêᔠ〉Ḅ⌱ìᦑ,-ὃ⇋WXᱥḄÍ᝱WXᩩÏ஺17.ᐵîQïᔣð⚠òᧅ1eôeÈᡂmõö÷mõøß☢Ó9úûwüឋý¼■ÿ
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17fgS(4)ᵫyᓣᦑḄw>s(5)ᵫ5ᨬ!ឋ᪷$%&'ឤ)*ᓄ+,-ᐗ/Ḅ0123ᱥ5NaஹHஹ0,7ᡂᱥ95Naஹ0ஹH,ᦑ7ᡂḄ%;ᓄsᓄ!ឋ|D⁐F⏙?3H¢£OP<=)&Ḅ>?@ABC&D⁐F⏦?3HIJ;ᓄsOP¥¦S(6)7ᡂᓄ=0§ឋ᪷$%&'ឤ)*ᓄ+,-ᐗ/Ḅ0123ᱥ5NaஹHஹ0,7ᡂᱥ95Naஹ0ஹH,7ᡂḄ§ឋ;WḄᓄ+[¨©ªS2Na+2HO=2NaOH+HT22;(7)7ᡂᓄᓄ«⏚7ᡂᓄ«⏚%&®¯°«⏚᪷Ḅ%&23ᦑ-«⏚᪷Ḅ%&ᑖᦪ3ᜧ஺18.3.4tMS¢◤⌕%&ªX஺=■)ᩩ¸CO+2NH¹CO(NH)+HO232223460x6t34^=60-6tx=3.4t:%&34஺ூLM௃»ᫀᫀ8⚓ᐳ8⚓