山西省大同市第一中学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语Word版含解析

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2022~2023学年高一第一学期期中考试英语试题(试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，20小题，每小题2分，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)AWhetheryou’remakingaone-offtriptoLondonoryou’rearegularvisitor,usinganOystertravelsmartcardistheeasiestwaytotravelaroundthecity’spublictransportnetwork.AdvantagesofaVisitorOysterCardAVisitorOysterCardisoneofthebestwaystopayforsinglejourneysonthebus,tube,DLR,tram,LondonOver-groundandmostNationalRailservicesinLondon:•Savetime-yourcardisreadytouseassoonasyouarriveinLondon.•It’smorethan50%cheaperthanbuyingapapertravelcardorsingleticketswithcash.•Thereisadailypricecap-onceyouhavereachedthislimit,youwon’tpayanymore.•EnjoyspecialoffersandpromotionsatleadingLondonrestaurants,shops,andentertainmentvenues—plusdiscountsontheEmiratesAirLinecablecarandThamesClippersRiverbuses.BuyaVisitorOysterCardBuyaVisitorOystercardbeforeyouvisitLondonandgetitdeliveredtoyourhomeaddress.Acardcosts£3(non-refundable)pluspostage.OrderonlineandarrivewithyourOysterinhand!YoucanalsobuyaVisitorOystercardfromGatwickExpressticketofficesatGatwickAirportStationandon-boardEurostartrainstravellingtoLondon.TopUp(充值)YourVisitorOysterCardYoucanchoosehowmuchcredittoaddtoyourcard.IfyouarevisitingLondonfortwodays,youcanstartwith£20credit.Ifyourunoutofcredit,addcreditatthefollowinglocations:•Touchscreenticketmachinesintube,DLR,LondonOver-groundandsomeNationalRailstations.•Around4,000OysterTicketStopsfoundinnewsagentsandsmallshopsacrossLondon.•TFLVisitorandTravelInformationCenters.•TubeandLondonOver-groundstationticketoffices.•EmiratesAirLineterminals.1WhatbenefitwillyougetfromaVisitorOysterCardwhentravellinginLondon?

1A.Itincreasesyourworkingefficiency.B.Itallowsyoutohavemealsfreeofcharge.C.Itsavesyoumoneyontransportation.D.Itprovidesa50%discountataLondonshop.2.HowmanywaysarementionedtobuyaVisitorOysterCardinthepassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.3.WherecanyoutopupyourVisitorOystercard?A.AtGatwickExpressticketoffices.B.Atatubestationticketoffice.C.OntheInternet.D.OnEurostartrains.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。无论你是来伦敦的一次性旅行，还是经常来伦敦旅游，使用Oyster旅行智能卡是在伦敦公共交通网络上旅行的最简单方式。文章主要介绍了Oyster旅行智能卡相关介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“AdvantagesofaVisitorOysterCard”部分中的“It’smorethan50%cheaperthanbuyingapapertravelcardorsingleticketswithcash.(它比纸质旅行卡或用现金购买单程票便宜50%以上。)”可知，使用Oyster旅行智能卡可以省钱。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“BuyaVisitorOysterCard”部分中“OrderonlineandarrivewithyourOysterinhand!YoucanalsobuyaVisitorOystercardfromGatwickExpressticketofficesatGatwickAirportStationandon-boardEurostartrainstravellingtoLondon.(在线订购和VisitorOystercards送至您的手上！你也可以在盖特威克机场站的盖特威克快线售票处和前往伦敦的欧洲之星列车上购买VisitorOystercard。)”可知，此处提及了三种购买VisitorOystercard的方式。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“TopUp(充值)YourVisitorOysterCard”部分中“TubeandLondonOver-groundstationticketoffices.(地铁和伦敦地上车站售票处。)”可知，可以在地铁和伦敦地上车站售票处上给VisitorOystercard充值。故选B。BLastyearIruinedmysummervacationbybringingalongamodemconveniencethatwastooconvenientfor

2myowngood:theiPad.Insteadoflookingatnature,Icheckedmyemail.Insteadofpaddlingasmallboat,IfollowedmyTwitterfeed.Insteadofreadinggreatnovels,Istucktoreadingfournewspaperseachmorning.IwasbehavingasifIwerestillintheoffice.Mybodywasonvacationbutmyheadwasn’t.SothisyearImadeupmymindtotrysomethingdifferent:withdrawalfromtheInternet.Iknewitwouldn’tbeeasysinceI’mbadatself-control.ButIwasdetermined.IstartedbygivingtheiPadtomywife.Thecellphonesignalatourhousewasworsethaninthepast,makingmyattemptsatcheatinganexperienceinfrustration.Iwastrapped,forcedtogothroughwithmyplan.Largelycutofffrome-mail,Twitterandmyfavoritenewspaperwebsites,Ihadfewwaystoconnecttotheworldexceptforradioandhowmuchradiocanonelistento,really?IhadtodowhatIhadplannedtoallalong:readbooks.Thisexperiencehashadahappyending.Withdeterminationandthestrongsupportofmywife,IwoninmyvacationstruggleagainsttheInternet,realizingfinallythatitwasI,nottheiPad,thatwastheproblem.IknewIhadwonwhenwepassedaStarbucksandmywifeaskedifIwantedtostoptousetheWi-Fi.“Idon’tneedit,”Isaid.However,aswereturntopost-vacationlife,ahardertestbegins:CanIcontinuewhenI’mbacktowork?Therearetimeswhentheneedtoknowwhat’sbeingsaidrightnowisgreat.AndIhavenointentionofgivingupmyconveniencecompletely.ButIhopetoresistthetemptation(诱惑)tocheckmye-maileveryfiveminutes,whichleadstocheckingmyTwitterfeedandawebsiteortwo.Ithinkavacationissupposedtohelpyouresetyourbraintobecomemoreproductive.HereIhopethisoneworked.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’slastsummervacation?A.Hewasdeterminedtoenjoythebeautifulview.B.Hefeltsatisfiedthathehadstucktohisusualtimetable.C.Hehatedhimselfforactingasifhewereatworkonvacation.D.HisiPadruinedhisplanoffinishingagreatnovel.5.WhatdidtheauthordotokeepawayfromtheInternetthisyear?A.Hecutoffhiscellphonesignal.B.HehandedhisiPadtohiswife.C.Herefusedtocheatinhishouse.D.Helistenedtotheradiomostofthetime.6.Whenbacktowork,theauthorwillprobablychooseto______.A.continuetoreadmoreandmorebooks.

3B.stayawayfromtheInternetforever.C.stopcheckingwhatisbeingsaidrightnowcompletely.D.keepcontrolofwhenandhowtousetheInternet.7.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofagreatvacationinthepassage?A.Avacationmeansachangeofpacetomakeonemoreproductive.B.Avacationisaperiodoftimetodowhateveronewishedto.C.Avacationishavingnothingtodobutreadallday.D.Avacationprovesthatalifeofpleasureisovervalued.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者去年的假期被iPad毁掉了，所以今年他直接把iPad交给妻子，并远离网络。在假期里让自己的大脑得到了充分的休息。以此告诉我们要适当控制上网的时间。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Insteadoflookingatnature,Icheckedmyemail.Insteadofpaddlingasmallboat,IfollowedmyTwitterfeed.Insteadofreadinggreatnovels,Istucktoreadingfournewspaperseachmorning.IwasbehavingasifIwerestillintheoffice.Mybodywasonvacationbutmyheadwasn’t.(我没有去看大自然，而是去查看电子邮件。我没有划小船，而是关注了我的推特。我坚持每天早上读四份报纸，而不是读精彩的小说。我表现得好像我还在办公室一样。我的身体在度休假，但我的大脑没有。)”可知，在去年的暑假中，本来作者是应该度假的，结果查看电子邮件，关注推特以及阅读报纸等等占据了作者的假期，表面上是度假，但实质上像在办公室一样，所以作者讨厌自己这种状态。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“SothisyearImadeupmymindtotrysomethingdifferent:withdrawalfromtheInternet.Iknewitwouldn’tbeeasysinceI’mbadatself-control.ButIwasdetermined.IstartedbygivingtheiPadtomywife.(所以今年我下定决心要做点不一样事：戒掉互联网。我知道这并不容易，因为我不善于自我控制。但我下定了决心。我从把iPad送给妻子开始。)”可知，作者下定决心要在假期中戒网，把自己的iPad交给妻子来保管。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Therearetimeswhentheneedtoknowwhat’sbeingsaidrightnowisgreat.Ihavenointentionofgivingupmyconveniencecompletely.ButIhopetoresistthetemptationtocheckmye-maileveryfiveminutes,whichleadstocheckingmyTwitterfeedandawebsiteortwo.(

4有时候，想知道现在正在说什么是很重要的。我不打算完全放弃我的便利。但我希望能抵制住每五分钟查看一次电子邮件的诱惑，这会导致我查看Twitter和一两个网站。)”可知，作者会控制使用网络的时间和次数。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ithinkavacationissupposedtohelpyourestyourbraintobecomemoreproductive.HereIhopethisoneworked.(我认为假期应该帮助你的大脑得到休息，从而变得更有效率。我希望这个方法有效。)”可知，作者认为假期可以帮助我们的大脑休息并变得更加有思想性和创造性。故选A。CLosingweightcomeswithalotofhealthbenefits-includingmakingyourbrainsharper.Yes,itturnsoutthatoverweightmaydamagecognitivefunctionssuchasmemoryandattention.Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcognitiveperformance.Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity.Growingevidencesuggeststhatbeingfatislinkedtocognitivedeficits(缺陷).SoGunstadandhisteamguessedthatlosingweightmightimprovementalfunction.Fortheirstudy,theymeasuredmemoryandattentioninagroupof150overweightparticipants,someofwhomhadsomekindofoperationforweightlossandsomedidnot.Allofthevolunteerscompletedmentalskillsteststoassesstheirabilitiesofmemoryandattentionatthebeginningofthestudy,andagain12weekslater.Tobeginwith,about24%ofthepatientsshoweddamagedlearningand23%showedsignsofpoormemorywhentested.Attheendofthestudy,thosewhohadlostweightafteroperationimprovedtheirscoresintotheaverageoraboveaveragerangeforcognitivefunctions.Scoresforthevolunteerswhodidn’tloseweightdroppedevenfurther.ThestudyhelpedGunstadtofindoutwhetherlosingweighthadanyeffectonmentalfunction.Nowthathe’sseenthepositiveeffectthatweightlosscanhaveonmemoryandattention,hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway—eatinghealthierandgettingmoreactive.Heexpectsthatlosingweightinthiswaywillhaveasimilarlypositiveeffectonthebrain.“Ifwecanimprovetheconditionwithoperations,thenwecanprobablyproducethesamechangewithbehavioralweightlossaswell,”hesays.8.Thereislessresearchonoverweightandcognitivefunctionsbecauseresearchers_____.A.believeoverweightonlyaffectsourbodyB.havefocusedonwaystosharpenpeople’smindC.donotconsideroverweightamaincauseforlowcognitiveabilityD.areclearabouttherelationbetweenweightandmentalfunctions

59.TheresultofGunstad’sstudyshowsthat______.A.losingweighthaslittleeffectonpeople’smemoryB.losingweightcanimprovepeople’smentalfunctionsC.overweightpeoplearelikelytohavepsychologyproblemsD.overweightpeople’sabilitiesofconcentrationdiffergreatly10.WhatisGunstadplanningtoprovenextinhisresearch?A.Slimpeoplearesmarterthanoverweightpeople.B.Healthydietisbetterthanexerciseinlosingweight.C.Traditionalwaysoflosingweightarebetterthanoperation.DOverweightpeoplewillgetsmarterbytakingmoreexercise.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BodyWeightandHealthB.LosingWeightbyOperationC.WaystoImproveMentalFunctionsD.LosingWeighttoSharpenYourMind【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了减肥可以让你的大脑更敏锐。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcognitiveperformance.（很少有关于超重和认知功能的研究，可能是因为人们普遍认为超重不是导致认知能力低下的主要原因。）”可知，人们在此之前很少研究肥胖和认知功能之间存在关系的原因是人们没有认为肥胖是导致认知功能下降的基本原因，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity.（因此，根据JohnGunstad领导的一项新研究表明，减肥可能有助于改善这些心智功能。）”可知，减肥可以改善心智功能，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Nowthathe’sseenthepositiveeffectthatweightlosscanhaveonmemoryandattention,hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway—eatinghealthierandgettingmoreactive.Heexpectsthatlosingweightinthiswaywillhaveasimilarlypositiveeffectonthe

6brain.（现在他看到了减肥对记忆力和注意力的积极影响，他说他下一步将研究那些选择用传统方式减肥的人——饮食更健康、更活跃（更爱运动）。他认为这种减肥方式对大脑也有类似的积极影响。）”可知，他在接下来要研究那些通过锻炼和健康饮食减肥的人们，看是否健康减肥也存在这种对大脑的积极影响，即：超重的人是否会通过多运动变得更聪明，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。结合文章第一段提出“Losingweightcomeswithalotofhealthbenefits-includingmakingyourbrainsharper.（减肥对健康有很多好处，包括使你的大脑更敏锐。）”以及后文对这项研究进行详细介绍，可知D项“减肥可以让你的大脑更敏锐”为本文最佳标题，故选D。DAstudyofviolinistsfoundthatmerelygoodplayerspractisedasmuchasbetterplayers,leavingotherfactorssuchasqualityofeducation,learningskillsandperhapsnaturaltalenttoaccountforthedifference.Thisfindingchallengesthe10,000-hourrulepromotedinMalcolmGladwell’s1993studyofviolinistsandpianists.Gladwellstatesthatenoughpracticewillmakeanexpertofanyone.“Theideahasbeenpopularandentrenchedinourcultureforyears.It’snotanidiombutanoverstatement,”saidBrookeMacnamara,theleadauthor.“Whenitcomestohumanskill,acomplexcombinationofenvironmentalfactorsandgeneticfactorsexplainstheperformancedifferencesacrosspeople.”Macnamaraandhercolleaguessetouttorepeatpartofthe1993studytoseewhethertheyreachedthesameconclusion.Theyinterviewedthreegroupsof13violinistsregardedasbest,good,orlessaccomplishedabouttheirpracticehabits,beforehavingthemcompletedailydiariesoftheiractivitiesoveraweek.Whilethelessskillfulviolinistsreachedanaverageofabout6,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20,therewaslittletoseparatethegoodfromthebest,witheachreachinganaverageofabout11,000hours.Inall,thenumberofhoursspentpractisingaccountedforaboutaquarteroftheskilldifferenceacrossthethreegroups.Macnamarabelievespracticeislessofadriver.“Onceyougettothehighlyskilledgroups,practicestopsaccountingforthedifference.Everyonehaspractisedalotandotherfactorsareatplayindeterminingwhogoesontoahigherlevel,”shesaid.“Thefactorsdependontheskillbeinglearned:inchessitcouldbeintelligenceorworkingmemory;insportitmaybehowefficientlyapersonusesoxygen.Tocomplicatemattersfurther,onefactorcandriveanother.Childrenwhoenjoyplayingtheviolin,forexample,maybehappytopractisebecausetheydonotseeitasatrouble.”Theauthorsofthe1993studyareunimpressed.Macnamarasaiditwasimportantforpeopletounderstandthelimitsofpractice,though.“Practicemakesyoubetterthanyouwereyesterday,mostofthetime,”shesaid.“Butitmightnotmakeyoubetterthanyourneighhourortheotherkidinyourviolinclass.”

712.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“entrenched”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Rooted.B.Advanced.C.Changed.D.Unconfirmed.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutMacnamara’sstudy?A.ItconvincedMalcolmGladwell.B.Itinvolvedviolinistsandpianists.C.Itsprocesswassimilartothe1993study.D.Itsresultisconsistentwiththe1993study.14.WhatdoesMacnamarafindabouthighlyskilledpeople?A.Practicingfor11,000hoursistheirmaindriver.B.Theyenjoykeepingdiariesabouttheirprogress.C.Environmentalfactorshavelittlerelationtotheirsuccess.D.Morepracticemakeslittledifferencetotheirfurtherprogress.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatmakesanexpert?B.Doespracticemakeperfect?C.TheearlybirdcatchesthewormD.Enthusiasmisthekeytosuccess【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了优秀的人的成就是多种因素造成的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的探讨。【12题详解】词句猜测题。第二段划线词句的上一句“Gladwellstatesthatenoughpracticewillmakeanexpertofanyone.(Gladwell指出，足够多的练习将使任何人成为专家。)”中Gladwell提出了谚语“Practicemakesperfect”的观点，再根据划线词句“Theideahasbeenpopularandentrenchedinourcultureforyears.(多年来，这个观点已经很流行，并在我们的文化中entrenched。)”可知，划线单词和前文中的“popular”并列，说明这个传统观点广泛流传并在文化中“基础深厚”，结合选项可知，选项A“根深蒂固的”与之意义最为接近，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Macnamaraandhercolleaguessetouttorepeatpartofthe1993studytoseewhethertheyreachedthesameconclusion.(Macnamara和她的同事重复了1993年的部分研究，看看他们是否能得出相同的结论。)”可知，Macnamara做的实验过程和1993年做的实验是相似的。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Macnamarabelievespracticeislessofadriver.(Macnamara认为，练习并不是唯一的驱动因素。)”以及她所说的“Onceyougettothehighlyskilledgroups,practicestopsaccountingfor

8thedifference.Everyonehaspractisedalotandotherfactorsareatplayindeterminingwhogoesontoahigherlevel.(一旦你进入了高技能人群，练习就不能解释这种差异了。每个人都做了很多练习，其他因素在决定谁能上更高的水平上起作用)”可推知，Macnamara认为更多练习对高技能的人的进一步继续进步没有多大影响。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Astudyofviolinistsfoundthatmerelygoodplayerspractisedasmuchasbetterplayers,leavingotherfactorssuchasqualityofeducation,learningskillsandperhapsnaturaltalenttoaccountforthedifference.(一项对小提琴家的研究发现，优秀的小提琴手和更优秀的小提琴手仅仅是练习的次数一样多，这时，其他因素，如教育质量、学习技巧，也许还有天生的天赋，就是造成这种差异的原因。)”可知，本文主要说明优秀的人成就是多因素的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的说明。选项B“熟能生巧（练习能至完美）吗？”对这一流行的观点进行进一步的探讨，突出主题，适合做标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’reateenager,youareinaverypowerfulposition.Startinggoodmoneyhabitsnowwillputyouaheadfortherestofyourlife.Herearemoneytipsforyou.Understandthepoweroftime.Youprobablyaren’tmakingatonofmoneyrightnow,butthatdoesn’tmatter.Whatmattersistime.____16____Let’slookatanexample:Attheendofyoursummerjob,youhave$1000.Youinvestitatarateofreturnof5%.Attheendofthose50years,youwillhave$11,467.49.Startamoneysavinghabit.Ifyoustartthehabitofsavingmoneynow,thathabitwillalwaysbewithyou.Everydollaryouget,whetherit’sagift,anallowance,orpayfromajob,getintothehabitofsavingaportionofit.Halfofitwouldbeideal.____17____Theolderyouget,theharderitcanseemtosaveeven10%ofyourmoney.____18____ThereissomuchinformationavailableontheinternetYoucanfindarticlesthatwillteachyouhowtomake$100fast.Therearealsosomanypersonalfinancebookstochoosefromtoknowwheretostart.Youcantalktoyourparentsaboutmoney,too.AvoidFOMO.FOMOisfearofmissingout.____19____It’simportant,though,tonotgiveupwhatyouwantmostfor

9whatyouwantnow.WhatyouwantnowistotakethemoneyyoumadeatyoursummerjobandgoonSpringBreak.Whatyouwantmostistograduatedebtfree.Ortobeabletoquitajobyouhatebecauseyouhaveabigemergencyfundtoseeyouthroughtoyournextjob.Itmightnotseemlikeitwhenyou’reeighteen.____20____A.Askforadvice.B.GetEducated.C.Andyourmoneyhasalotofit.D.Butallofthatwillbetrueintime.E.Cashtendstoburnaholeinourpockets.F.It’stimetostartnowbecauseyoudon’thavemanyexpenses.G.You’llthinkeveryoneishavingmorefunthanyouasateenager.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了养成良好的理财习惯的一些建议。【16题详解】由上文“Youprobablyaren’tmakingatonofmoneyrightnow,butthatdoesn’tmatter.Whatmattersistime.”（你现在可能赚不了多少钱，但这无关紧要。重要的是时间。）可知时间越多，钱就有可能会挣的越多。C.Andyourmoneyhasalotofit.（你的钱需要很多时间去积累。）符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】由后文“Theolderyouget,theharderitcanseemtosaveeven10%ofyourmoney.”（你年纪越大，似乎越难节省你10%的钱。）可知我们应该尽早开始存钱，这样容易积攒更多的钱。F.It’stimetostartnowbecauseyoudon’thavemanyexpenses.（现在是时候开始了，因为你没有太多的开支。）符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】由后文“ThereissomuchinformationavailableontheinternetYoucanfindarticlesthatwillteachyouhowtomake$100fast.Therearealsosomanypersonalfinancebookstochoosefromtoknowwheretostart.”（互联网上有很多信息，你可以找到教你如何快速赚100美元的文章。也有很多个人理财书籍可供选择，以知道从哪里开始。）可知我们要多学习，才知道如何理财。B.GetEducated.（接受教育）符合本段主旨句的格式和内容。故选B。【19题详解】由后文“It’simportant,though,tonotgiveupwhatyouwantmostforwhatyouwantnow.”（但重要的是，不要为了你现在想要的而放弃你最想要的。）结合前文“FOMOisfearofmissingout.”（FOMO就是害怕错过。），可知我们要坚信自己最需要什么。G.You’llthinkeveryoneishavingmorefunthanyouasateenager.

10（你会觉得每个人都比你十几岁时玩得更开心。）符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】由上文“Itmightnotseemlikeitwhenyou’reeighteen.”（当你十八岁的时候可能就不是这样了。）以及前文所提及的那些情况，可知应该构成转折关系，如何你能避免FOMO，所有这些都会成为现实。D.Butallofthatwillbetrueintime.（但所有这些终将成为现实。）符合语境。故选D。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thosewhohavechildrenwillknowthatit’sincrediblyimportanttocelebratetheirchildren’sbirthdays-especiallywhenthey’reyounger.However,thisyearchildrenhavetoexperienceabirthdayinlockdown.ElizabethGuthrie’sparentswere___21___aboutthefactthatherthirdbirthdaywascomingupprettyfast,butanypartyplanninghadtobetoneddownduetolockdownmeasuresandsocialdistancing___22___.Theytriedhardtoworkoutawaytocelebrateherbirthday___23___,andthentheycameupwiththeperfect___24___.Likemanypeopleacrosstheglobe,Elizabethlovesdogs,soherparentswantedtodosomethingthatwould___25___theyoungstertocelebrateherbirthdaywithsomefour-leggedfriendsintow(牵着).They___26___asignintheirbackyardaskingfordog___27___intheareatotaketheirdogsonawalkata___28___timeonElizabeth’sbirthday,andtheyhopedthattheirneighborswould___29___themtocelebrate.Intheend,thewholecommunity___30___togethertowishElizabethahappybirthdaywiththeirpupsintow.Manyofthemwalkedbyherhouse.othersdroveby,andtherewere___31___somewhomadetheirownbannerstocelebrateElizabeth’s___32___day.Shelovedeverysecondofit,andtherewasno___33___aboutthefactthatitwasabirthdayto___34___.Isn’tit___35___toseesomanypeopleworkingtogetherforsuchagreatcause?21.A.excitedB.curiousC.concernedD.doubtful22.A.rulesB.prejudicesC.argumentsD.customs23.A.quietlyB.safelyC.traditionallyD.secretly24.A.preparationB.achievementC.solutionD.introduction25.A.encourageB.allowC.persuadeD.push26.A.printedB.postedC.foundD.dropped27.A.promotersB.walkersC.protectorD.trainers28.A.specificB.convenientC.differentD.critic29.A.permitB.joinC.inviteD.remind

1130.A.playedB.marchedC.bandedD.walked31.A.evenB.justC.againD.ever32.A.funnyB.busyC.bigD.lucky33.A.busyB.doubtC.tellingD.lucky34.A.observeB.rememberC.organizeD.decide35.A.amazingB.beneficialC.adventurousD.challenging【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.B26.B27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.B34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间，ElizabethGuthrie的父母发动社区的人，带着他们的狗给Elizabeth庆祝生日的事情。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白·格思里的父母担心，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化。A.excited激动的；B.curious好奇的；C.concerned担心的；D.doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“aboutthefactthatherthirdbirthdaywascomingupprettyfast,butanypartyplanninghadtobetoneddownduetolockdownmeasures”可知，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化，这使得她父母担忧无法给她过生日。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白·格思里的父母担心，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化。A.rules规则；B.prejudices偏见；C.arguments争论；D.customs习俗。根据上文“duetolockdownmeasuresandsocialdistancing”可知，这里指封锁措施和社交距离规则，故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们努力想办法安全地为她庆祝生日，然后他们想出了一个完美的解决方案。A.quietly安静地；B.safely安全地；C.traditionally传统地；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文“Theytriedhardtoworkoutawaytocelebrateherbirthday”以及提到的疫情原因，所以这里是安全地庆祝生日。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们努力想办法安全地为她庆祝生日，然后他们想出了一个完美的解决方案。A.preparation准备；B.achievement成就；C.solution解决方案；D.introduction介绍。根据上文“thentheycameupwiththeperfect”指他们想出了完美的庆生方案。故选C。【25题详解】

12考查动词词义辨析。句意：和世界各地的许多人一样，伊丽莎白喜欢狗，所以她的父母想做一些事情，让这个孩子可以和一些四条腿的朋友一起庆祝她的生日。A.encourage鼓励；B.allow允许；C.persuade说服；D.push推。根据后文“theyoungstertocelebrateherbirthdaywithsomefour-leggedfriendsintow”指她的父母想做一些事情，让这个孩子可以和一些四条腿的朋友一起庆祝她的生日。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A.printed印刷；B.posted张贴；C.found找到；D.dropped落下。根据后文“asignintheirbackyard”指张贴牌子，故选B。27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A.promoters促进者；B.walkers散步者；C.protector保护器；D.trainers教练。根据后文“intheareatotaketheirdogsonawalkata”可知是请求遛狗者。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A.specific特定的；B.convenient方便的；C.different不同的；D.critic批评家。根据后文“timeonElizabeth’sbirthday”可知请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A.permit允许；B.join加入；C.invite邀请；D.remind提醒。根据后文“themtocelebrate”可知，他们希望邻居们能加入他们，和他们一起庆祝。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，整个社区的人带着他们的小狗一起祝伊丽莎白生日快乐。A.played玩耍；B.marched前进；C.banded一伙；D.walked散步。根据后文“togethertowishElizabethahappybirthdaywiththeirpupsintow”可知，整个社区的人带着他们的小狗一起祝伊丽莎白生日快乐。故选C。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人走过她的房子，其他人开车经过，甚至有一些人制作了自己的横幅来庆祝伊丽莎白的大喜日子。A.even甚至；B.just只是；C.again再次；D.ever曾经。根据后文“somewhomadetheirownbannerstocelebrateElizabeth’s”可知有些人甚至制作了横幅。故选A。【32题详解】

13考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人走过她的房子，其他人开车经过，甚至有一些人制作了自己的横幅来庆祝伊丽莎白的大喜日子。A.funny有趣的；B.busy忙碌的；C.big大的；D.lucky幸运的。此处指伊丽莎白的生日，应用bigday表示“大日子，重要日子”。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢它的每一秒，毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。A.busy忙碌的；B.doubt怀疑；C.telling告诉；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文“Shelovedeverysecondofit,andtherewasno”可知，伊丽莎白很喜欢，所以毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢它的每一秒，毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。A.observe观察；B.remember记得；C.organize组织；D.decide决定。根据上文“aboutthefactthatitwasabirthday”可知，这个生日很有纪念意义，值得记住。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这么多人一起为这样一个伟大的事业而努力，不是很神奇吗？A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.beneficial有益的；C.adventurous冒险的；D.challenging挑战性的。根据后文“toseesomanypeopleworkingtogetherforsuchagreatcause?”可知，看到这么多人一起为伊丽莎白庆生，是很奇妙的事情。故选A。第二节(共30小题;每小题1分，满分30分)36.单词及短语：按照提示要求完成(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)36.__________/ˈsteɪdiəm/n.(根据音标写出单词)【答案】stadium【解析】【详解】考查语音及词汇。根据单词音标可知，该单词为stadium，这是一个名词，表示“体育场、运动场”，故填stadium。37./kəmˈpiːt/vi.__________(根据音标写出汉语意思)【答案】竞争;对抗【解析】【详解】考查动词。根据所给音标，单词应是compete意为“竞争；对抗”。故填：竞争；对抗。38.audience/__________/n.(根据单词写出音标)【答案】/ˈɔːdiəns/【解析】【详解】考查音标。audience表示“观众”，音标为/ˈɔːdiəns/，故填/ˈɔːdiəns/。

1439.Theabilitytokeepcalmisoneofhis________(强项，优点).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】advantages##strengths【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：保持冷静是他的许多优点之一。根据汉语提示“强项，优点”可知应填名词strength或advantage，且oneof后接可数名词复数。故填advantages/strengths。40.Theyoung__________(compete)wonagoldmedalinthematch.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】competitor【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这位年轻的选手在比赛中获得了金牌。结合句意在句中作主语，应用名词competitor“竞争者，选手”，此处为特指应用单数。故填competitor。41.Ifyou__________,youarewildwithexcitementorworry.(根据句意填空)【答案】gobananas【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果说“你疯了”,就是说你因兴奋和担忧变得疯狂。根据句意可知短语为gobananas，结合are可知为一般现在时，故填gobananas。42.Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t__________(成功地发展)asyouexpect.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】workout【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你不能预测一切。事情往往不会如你所愿。根据汉语提示可知短语为workout，且为否定陈述句。故填workout。43.Consideringthechangingsituation,weshouldpaceourselves.(同义替换)【答案】Inviewof【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：鉴于形势的变化，我们应该调整自己的节奏。根据题干要求，需对considering进行同义替换，considering意为“仔细考虑”，可以用inviewof意为“考虑到”进行替换，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Inviewof。44.IwasdisappointedtomissBryan,whohadjustpaidthebillandleft.(同义替换)【答案】checkedout【解析】

15【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我对布莱恩小姐很失望，她刚付完帐就走了。分析句子可知从句时态是过去完成时，画线短语paidthebillandleft可用checkedout替换。故填checkedout。45.是否一起来由你决定。It’s__________youwhethertocomealong.【答案】upto【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“由……决定”可知短语为beuptosb.。故填upto。37.根据句意完成句子：(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)46.Thegirlis__________(入迷的)towatchingTValldaylong,andasaresult,shehaslostinterestinstudying.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】addicted【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个女孩整天沉迷于看电视，结果她对学习失去了兴趣。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词addicted，作表语。故填addicted。47.The__________(office)wereallamazedattheamazingscene.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】officials【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：官员们对这惊人的景象都感到惊讶。作主语，结合后文were可知应用复数。故填officials。48.Asamatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhimbeyond_____(recognise)．(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】recognition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：实际上，病魔和岁月使他变得都认不出来了。beyond是介词，后面接名词作宾语；recognize是动词，名词形式为recognition；短语beyondrecognition意思为“无法辨认”。故填recognition。49.Maxwillcompete__________aracewithothersforthefirstplace.(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：马克斯将与他人竞争第一名。固定搭配competeinsth参加…比赛（竞赛）。故填in。50.I’msorrythatIwon’tbeabletomakeittothepartyonSaturday.__________(写出黑体词组的汉语意思)【答案】能够出席

16【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：很抱歉，我不能参加星期六的聚会了。画线短语makeit表示“能够出席”。故填能够出席。51.He__________animportantdocumentwhenthebossentered.老板进来时他假装正在看一份重要的文件。【答案】pretendedtobereading【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意“假装正在做某事”可知短语为pretendtobedoingsth.，结合后文entered可知为一般过去时。故填pretendedtobereading。52.Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysical__________(fit).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】fitness【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：集体锻炼是提高身体素质最有效的方法之一。作宾语，应用名词fitness，不可数。故填fitness。53.Itis__________honourformetomakeaspeechtowelcometherespectedguests.(用适当的词填空)【答案】an【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：我很荣幸地发表讲话，欢迎各位贵宾。此处为句型itisanhonourforsb.todosth.，表示“对某人来说，做某事是一种荣誉”。故填an。54.The___________(determine)lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.【答案】determined【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。修饰人的表情用ed结尾的形容词，determined表示“坚决的、坚定的”，故填determined。55.Whenhiswifepassedaway,hisworldnearlyfell__________.(用适当的词填空)【答案】apart【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他妻子去世后，他的生活几乎崩溃了。短语fallapart表示“崩溃”。故填apart。38.语法考察：(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

1756.当我陷入困境的时候，是我姐姐帮助了我。(强调句型)__________gavemeahandwhenIwasintrouble.【答案】Itwasmysisterwho/that【解析】【详解】考查强调句。此处为强调句，被强调部分为mysister，可用who或that，结合后文gave可知为一般过去时。故填Itwasmysisterwho/that。57.I’mafraidIdon’thaveanytime,becauseI__________(meet)someguestsfromtheUKattheairporttomorrowafternoon.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】ammeeting【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我恐怕没有时间，因为明天下午我要去机场接一些来自英国的客人。根据后文tomorrowafternoon可知此处为现在进行时表将来，故填ammeeting。58.我正打算告诉你这件事，这时你打电话来了。I__________youaboutthiswhenyougavemearing.【答案】wasabouttotell【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。此处为句型beabouttodosth.when...，根据后文gave可知为一般过去时，故填wasabouttotell。59.他从田间回来后就一直在流汗。He__________sincehereturnedfromthefields.【答案】hasbeensweating【解析】【详解】考查动词及时态。根据句意可知应用动词sweat，表示过去发生的动作持续不间断发生到现在，将来可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。主语是he，助动词用has。故填hasbeensweating。60.演讲者一结束他的讲话,观众就不停地向他提问。__________whentheaudiencekeptaskinghimquestions.【答案】Hardlyhadthespeakerfinishedhisspeech【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。根据句意可知句型为hardly...when...，否定副词位于句首应用部分倒装，表示“结束讲话”应用finishhisspeech。故翻译为Hardlyhadthespeakerfinishedhisspeech。61.Lindaatenothingthismorning,________?（附加疑问句）

18【答案】didshe【解析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：琳达今天早上什么也没吃，是吗?主句用一般过去时且nothing为否定词，所以反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。根据句意，故填didshe。7.请写出画线处的短语类型62.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(写出画线处的短语类型)【答案】名词短语【解析】【详解】考查短语类型。句意：怀里抱着婴儿的那个女人是我妹妹。画线词部分意思是“怀里抱着婴儿的那个女人”，为名词短语作主语。故填：名词短语。63.我以为他已经把这个决定告诉你了。Ithoughthe__________youaboutthedecision.【答案】hadtold【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句与过去完成时态。根据句子结构可知，主句部分是Ithought，宾语从句部分是“he__________youaboutthedecision.”，结构中缺少谓语动词，根据从句句意可知，本句需要使用完成时态表达“已经”的含义，但是宾语从句的主句部分使用一般过去时，因此从句中要使用过去完成时态，动词“告诉”是tell，过去分词是told。故填hadtold。64.I’mbored.Let’sgohome,__________?(根据句意填空)【答案】shallwe【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：我很无聊。我们回家吧，好吗？根据句子结构可知，“Let’sgohome”是祈使句，而祈使句中以“Let’s”作为开头，反义疑问句要使用shallwe。故填shallwe。10.写出句子的基本结构65.Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty.(写出句子的基本结构)【答案】主语+谓语+宾语+补语【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。句意：老师发现教室是空的。此处teacher为主语，found为谓语，theclassroom为宾语，empty为宾补。故填：主语+谓语+宾语+补语。第三部分写作(满分15分：内容10分+卷面5分)66.你校将举办主题为“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”

19的英语演讲活动以规划自己高中阶段的学习、生活。假如你是李华,请结合自身看法与以下要点准备一份演讲稿。要点包括：1.学会学习：养成良好的学习方法、习惯(可举例说明)……2.学会与人相处：对人真诚、友善,帮助别人,与人相处融洽……3.培养良好的品质：坚定、乐观,挑战困难,努力实现梦想……注意：1.词数80左右;2.开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数;可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:optimisticadj.乐观的Ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning!I’mLiHua.Ifeelitanhonourtogiveaspeechhereabout“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforlistening.【答案】Ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning!I’mLiHua.Ifeelitanhonourtogiveaspeechhereabout“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”.Actually,whatIwanttolearnmostareasfollows.Tobeginwith,IamsupposedtohavegoodlearningwaysandhabitstomakesurethatIwilllearnwell.Besides,aclassislikeafamilywhereIshouldgetalongwellwithothers.ButhowcanI?Asweknow,onlyifwearesincereandkindtootherscanwehavegoodrelationshipswiththem.Finally,Iwilllearntodevelopgoodqualitieslikebeingdetermined,beingoptimisticandsoon.Ofcourse,don’tforgettosetagoalandmakealleffortstorealiseit.Itisourdeterminationthathelpsustochallengedifficultiesanditisagoalthatleadsusforward.IbelieveIwilllivemylifetothefullestinseniorschoolThanksforlistening.

20【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校将举办主题为“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”的英语演讲活动以规划自己高中阶段的学习、生活。假如你是李华,请结合自身看法与以下要点准备一份演讲稿。【详解】1.词汇积累首先：tobeginwith→firstofall此外：giveaspeech→deliveraspeech实现：realise→achieve尽力：makealleffortstodo→tryone’sbesttodo2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Ifeelitanhonourtogiveaspeechhereabout“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”.拓展句：ItisanhonourthatIcangiveaspeechhereabout“WhatIWanttoLearninSeniorSchool”.【点睛】【高分句型1】Actually,whatIwanttolearnmostareasfollows.（运用了what引导的主语从句）【高分句型2】Itisourdeterminationthathelpsustochallengedifficultiesanditisagoalthatleadsusforward.（运用了强调句及that引导的定语从句）

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