昆工微机原理期末复习

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⚪8086CPUᨵ20ᩩᙢᙬᙬ1MBḄᑁᙢᙬ1MBḄᘤᑖᡂ512KBḄ——“Ꮤ”“᜻”ᙠᐰ"ṹḄ$%&“Ꮤ”“᜻”ᑖ'ᵨ___________ᩭ⌱,஺CA.A0CB.BHE,A0.C.AO,BHE.D.ALE01ὃ3ᫀ5C.AO,BHE0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5B.BHE,A0⚪27ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱;3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪ᙠ?@AB??@CDEFᙠ____________ḄGᵨ&〈ICPUḄ஺CA.JKE□B.ᙢᙬ"ṹKECC.?@LMKEINTRCD.?@NOKE01ὃ3ᫀ5D.?@NOKE0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5D.?@NOKE⚪37ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:STᵨᱏVW?@Xᑴᘤ8259AZὶ\ᵨ]\CPUḄ^_?@᡽ᜧᑮcd

1CA.15ZCB.16ZCC.32Z.D.64Z01ḽᫀ5A.15Z0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5C.32____________________________________________________⚪47ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3’g▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:S8255AhᱏḄᙢᙬAl,A0ᑖ'8086ḄA2,A1,8086hᱏḄA01i8255AḄᱏ⌱"ṹᑮ74LS138Ḅjᐭl஺m.hᱏnoᓄᢣrsOUT8EH,ALᑣ8255AḄPA.ᙢᙬs()wA.8BHCB.8FH.C.89H.D.8AH01ὃ3ᫀ5C.89H0ᡃḄxy5C.89H⚪57ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:S8255AḄPA.zG{|}2,PB.zG{|}~ᐸPC.()CA.ᵨGS8I/Ol..B.ᵨGS4I/Ol..C.ᑖGὶD.ᐰGὶ

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,ᐸ?BX=2041HBHEA0ḄjFc0JAஹ0,0.Bஹ0,1wCஹ1,0.Dஹ1,101ὃ3ᫀ5Bஹ0,10ᡃḄ3ᫀ5Aஹ0,0⚪87ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:Sᙠᚮ᪘ᑁᨵᦔᙢᙬs2500Hᑮ2505Hᓫᐗᑁ10Hஹ20Hஹ30Hஹ40Hஹ50Hஹ60HᦪQSP=2502H,᡻POPBXᢣrᨵc0

3AஹSP=2502H,BX=1020HBஹSP=2504HஹBX=4030HCஹSP=2504H,BX=3040HDஹSP=2500H,BX=2OIOH01ὃ3ᫀ5BஹSP=2504HsBX=4030H0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5BஹSP=2504HஹBX=4030H⚪97ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪&ᑡᢣr?ᡂALᘤ¡¢Ḅᨵcdᩩ஺CMPAL,AL£SUBAL,AL£XORAL,AL£MOVAL,0JBஹ2wCஹ3□Dஹ401ὃ3ᫀ5Cஹ30ᡃḄ3¤5Dஹ4⚪107ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:S1.᝞ᦪ¦§¨g?ᨵVARDW1,2,3,4ᙠ©VVARᑖªḄ«¬ᙢᙬF0075H,ᑣ«¬ᙢᙬs0079HḄᓫᐗ?ḄᑁFc0CAஹOOH□Bஹ01H

4CCஹ02H.Dஹ03H01ὃ3ᫀ5Dஹ03H0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5AஹOOH⚪117ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:S8086ḄᑁI/OFc0CAஹᓫ®VᙬḄᑖ¯IF1MB64KBCBஹᓫ®VᙬḄ°F1MB,CஹBSVᙬḄ°F64KB.DஹBSVᙬḄ°F1MB01ὃ3ᫀ5Aஹᓫ®V⊈Ḅᑖ'F1MB64KB0ᡃḄ3ᫀ5Aஹᓫ®VᙬḄᑖ'F1MB64KB⚪127ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪&☢F³8086´µᑁ?Ḅᑖᦪ¦ᑣ?@CDEs11HḄ?@¶·WḄᐭ.ᙢᙬFcd஺0000:0040B3188ACC4DF800F041F800F0C5188ACC0000:005039E700F0A0198ACC2EE800F0D2EF00F0CAஹF000:F84DCBஹA019:8ACCCcஹCC8A:19A0wDஹ4DF8:00F001ὃ3ᫀ5AஹF000:F84D

50ᡃḄ3ᫀ5Dஹ4DF8:00F0⚪137ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3¸▭>ᑖᑖ⚪8086CPUḄᑁ¿᪀ÁÂᐸFᵫcdᑖÄᡂ஺CAஹXᑴᘤ20ᱥᳮᙢᙬǤᘤCBஹÈÉᘤÊ.Ccஹ᡻ᓫᐗÊ.ᓫᐗCDஹXᑴᘤÈÉᘤ01Ëᜓᫀ5Cஹ᡻᳛ᐗÊ.ᓫᐗ0ᡃÎÏÐ5Cஹ᡻ᓫᐗÊᝅ.ᓫᐗ⚪147ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:SÒᵨ6264SRAMhᱏc8kX8dÄᡂ128kBḄᘤAB,◤⌕cdᱏ6264hᱏ஺JAஹ16.Bஹ24.Cஹ32.Dஹ6401ὃ3ᫀ5Aஹ160ᡃḄ3ᫀ5Aஹ16⚪157ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱&3à▭>ᑖᑖ⚪8255AḄl.Bâãs|}1jᐸäå/ACKBcACKBædᦈᑮSèᾭêëìcdAஹCPUQSᦪ¦ᑏᑮl.B

6CBஹLMCPU〈&Sᦪ¦.Cஹ᜜âQᦪ¦ᵫl.Bïð□DஹINTRBÁḄ?@LMQñCPUNO01ḽᫀ5Cஹ᜜âgᦪ¦ᚆl.Bïð0ᡃḄᜓᫀ5Cஹ᜜âQᦪ¦ᵫl.Bïð⚪167ᑖ81.0ᑖ9᝱Q3<▭>ᑖᑖ⚪:Sᙠ&☢ᐵ{´ᜐᳮᘤḄôõ?┯÷ḄFcd஺CAஹ´ᜐᳮᘤFᵨøᜧùúûᡂᵯýᑴᡂḄᐹᨵÈÉXᑴÿḄᱏUBஹḄCPUᨵ1ᡈᜐᳮᘤCஹᘤᵫᐹᨵᱯᵨ⌶Ḅᑖᑁᓫᐗ!ᡂ#$ᑁḄᑖCDஹ%&'(ḄCPU)ᐹᨵ%&Ḅᘤᢣ+,-ὃ/ᫀ1Cஹ2ᘤᵫ3ᱯᵨ⌶Ḅ4'ᑁᓫᐗ!ᡂ,$ᑁ☢9ᑖ,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Dஹ%;'<ḄCPU)⁐ᨵ%&Ḅᘤᢣ+>⚪17@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱BE/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪BIJᦪLMNOPQ38000H47FFFH,ᑣSᦪLMḄMTᙬVWX஺CAஹ38000HCBஹ47FFFHZCஹ3000HCDஹ3800H,-ὃ/ᫀ1Dஹ3800H,ᡃḄDஹ3800H>⚪18@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪B

78086\Pᘤ]^_`aᢣ+b#ᱥᳮᙢᙬ)ᵫWX!ᔠfg஺CAஹSShIPCBஹCShIPCCஹDShIPZDஹCShBP,-ὃ/ᫀ1BஹCShIP,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1BஹCShIP>⚪19@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:Jᜐᳮᘤjᑁ]^ᦪLkᣚḄ᜜ᦪLnoV32N#pqOWX□Aஹ8NᜐᳮᘤBஹ16NᜐᳮᘤCCஹ32NᜐᳮᘤCDஹ64Nᜐᳮᘤ,-ὃ/ᫀ1Cஹ32⁐ᜐᳮᘤ,ᡃḄrᐢCஹ32tᜐᳮᘤ>⚪20@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:ᓝ]ᑴwᦪ-38ḄxN9]ᑴ⊡ṹ$WXCA,01011011BZBஹ11011010BCCஹ11011011BZDஹ010110I0B,-ὃ/ᫀ1Bஹ11011010B

8,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Bஹ11011010B>⚪21@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/{▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪B8086|}~#16N(ᦪḄ⊤$WXCAஹ-32768(+32767Bஹ-32767(+32767Cஹ0-65535CDஹ-32768(+32767ᡈ஺65535,-ὃ/ᫀ1Aஹ-32768~+32767,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Aஹ-32768-+32767>⚪22@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪BᙠWX⊤~#9]ᑴᦪ11111111B⊤ᓝ]ᑴᦪ-1஺ZAஹṹZBஹṹZCஹ⊡ṹCDஹBCDṹ,-ὃ/ᫀ1Cஹ⊡ṹ,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Cஹ⊡ṹ>⚪23@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱BE/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪Bᵨ8NḄ9]ᑴᦪḄ⊡ṹ⊤(ᦪ#p⊤Ḅᓝ]ᑴ᦮ᦪ$WX஺°Aஹ-127—+127Bஹ-128—+128°Cஹ-127—+128CDஹ-128—+127

9,-ὃ/ᫀ1Dஹ-128—+127,ᡃḄ᱆1Dஹ-128—+127>⚪24@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:IAL=3BH,AH=7DH,ᑣ᡻^ADDAL,AHᢣ+#᪗CFஹSFhOFḄC᝱ᑖ$WX஺Aஹ0ஹ1ஹ1CBஹ1ஹ1ஹ1CCஹ0ஹ0ஹ0Dஹ1ஹ1ஹ0,-ὃ/ᫀ1Aஹ0
1ஹ1,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Bஹ1=1ஹ1>⚪25@ᑖB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:IAL=3BH,AH=7DH,ᑣ᡻^SUBAL,AHᢣ+#᪗CFஹAFhPFḄC᝱ᑖ$WX஺Aஹ0ஹ0ஹ1Bஹ1ஹ1ஹ1Cஹ0ஹ1ஹ0Dஹ1ஹ0ஹ0,-ὃ/ᫀ1Bஹ191ஹ1,ᡃḄ£ᫀ1Bஹ1ஹ191>⚪26@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪B¤ᑡᨵᐵᢣ+ᢣ┐ᘤḄ¨©~#ª$«¬ḄWXOCAஹIP®¯«ᙠ᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠ°ṹM~Ḅ±²ᙢᙬBஹIP¤ᩩ´⌕᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠ°ṹM~Ḅ±²ᙢᙬ

10ccஹIP®¯«ᙠ᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠPᘤ~ḄᱥᳮᙢᙬCDஹIP®¯«ᙠ᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠPᘤ~ḄMᙢᙬ,-ḽᫀ1BஹIP¤•ᩩ´⌕᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠ°ṹM~Ḅ±²ᙢᙬ,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1BஹIP¤ᩩ´⌕᡻^Ḅᢣ+ᙠ°ṹM~Ḅ±²ᙢᙬ>⚪27@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:¤☢ᨵᐵMN/»ᦇḄ½¾«¬Ḅ$WXZAஹ$¿ÀÁ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫCPUfg#VÅᵯÇbCPU¿ÀᙠᨬÉÁ#VÊᵯÇb#CPU¿ÀᙠᨬᜧÁCBஹ$¿ÀÁ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫCPUfg#VÊᵯÇbCPU¿ÀᙠᨬÉÁ#VÅᵯÇb#CPU¿ÀᙠᨬᜧÁCcஹ$¿ÀÁ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫ᜜Ìᐭ#VÊᵯÇbCPU¿ÀᙠᨬÉÁ#VÅᵯÇb.#CPU¿ÀᙠᨬᜧÁZDஹ$¿ÀÁ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫ᜜Ìᐭ#VÅᵯÇbCPU¿ÀᙠᨬÉÁ#VÊᵯÇb,CPUÏÀᙠᨬᜧÁ,-ὃ/ᫀ1Dஹ$¿ÀÁÐ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫ᜜^Ìᐭ#VÅᵯÇbCPU¿ÀᙠᨬÉÁ#VÊᵯÇb,CPU¿ÀᙠᨬᜧÁ,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Dஹ$¿ÒÓÁ⌱ÃÄ(#ᵫ᜜Ìᐭ#VÅᵯÇbCPUÔÀᙠᨬÉÁÕVÊÖ×bCPU¿ÀᙠᨬᜧÁ>⚪28@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:JCPUḄØ⚣V250MHZ,ᑣpḄbÞᕜàVWX஺°Aஹ250nsZBஹ50nsZCஹ40ns°D>4ns,-®/ᫀ1Dஹ4ns,ᡃáDஹ4ns>⚪29@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱Bâ/F▭fᑖBᑖ>⚪B

11ãJᓫᐗḄᱥᳮᙢᙬ$54321H,ᑣ«¬Ḅäåᙢᙬ⊤V()OAஹ4321HB50000HBஹ54320HB1HCஹ5430HB0021HJDஹ5432HB00001H,-ὃ/ᫀ1Cஹ5430HB0021H,ᡃḄéᫀ1Cஹ5430HB0021H>⚪30@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:I[ê,X1=10010101B,,Y1=01001010B,ᑣ,X-Y1⊡=()OUAஹ10100001BBஹ11011111BCCஹ10100000BZDஹíî,-ὃ/ᫀ1Cஹ10100000B,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Dஹíî>⚪31@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:ᢣ+ADDCX,55HBP
ḄïðÀᦪḄñᙬò$()஺ZA.ᘤñᙬCBஹrõñᙬCஹᘤöõñᙬ

12CDஹᘤ÷\ñᙬ,-ḽᫀ1Dஹᘤ÷\<ø,ᡃḄ/ᫀ1Dஹᘤ÷\ñᙬ>⚪32@ᑖAB1.0ᑖC᝱B[/F▭HᑖBᑖ>⚪:ãSS=33OOH,SP=1140H,ᙠᚮ᪘~ûᐭ5üᦪL#ýþîÿ
ᦪᑣSP=()OAஹ113AHCBஹ114AHCCஹ1144HCDஹ1140HὃᫀAஹ113AHᡃ^^Bஹ114AH⚪33ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪BP=0100H,DS=7000H,SS=8000H,(80100H)=24H,(80101H)=5AH,(70100H)=01H,(70101H)=02H,ᢣMOVBX,BP
᡻!BX=()oAஹ0102HcBஹ0201HcC>245AHcDஹ5A24HὃᫀDஹ5A24HᡃḄ”Dஹ5A24H⚪34ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%&ᵨ80486()*+Ḅ,-.ᢣ/0VALDB2DUP(1,2,3

13DUP(3),2DUP(1,0))ᑣᙠVAL234ᑁ6ᓝ
⁚ᓫᐗḄᦪ;()஺Aஹ1,2,3,3,2,1,0,1,2,3Bஹ1,2,3,3,3,3,2,1,0,1Cஹ2,1,2,3,3,2,1,0Dஹ1,2,3,3,3,10,1,0,1ὃᫀDஹ1,2,3,3,3,1,0,1,0,1ᡃḄᫀDஹ1,2,3,3,3,1,0,1,0,1⚪35ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪@ᑡBᩩᢣDE.ᵨᩭ&HIᘤK"0"LᐸNOPK“RS”SḄ;()஺AஹXORAL,ALBஹANDAL,0CஹMOVAL,0DஹSUBAL,ALὃᫀCஹMOVAL,0ᡃḄTCஹMOVAL,0⚪36ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%UAX=96H,BX=65H,VW᡻ADDAX,BXᢣXDAAᢣ!AL=()oCAஹOFBH

14Bஹ01HCஹ61HDஹ0BHḽᫀCஹ61HᡃḄᚪ[Bஹ01H⚪37ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%@ᑡP&CF᪗]^1Ḅᢣ;_`஺AஹCMCBஹCLCCஹSTCDஹCLDaᫀCஹSTCᡃḄᫀDஹCLD⚪38ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪bAL=7FH,⌕&AL=80H,d&ᵨ@ᑡe%ᩩᢣ_`஺cAஹANDAL,80HcBஹORAL,80HcCஹXORAL,80HJDஹNOTALὃᫀDஹNOTALᡃḄᫀAஹANDAL,80H⚪39ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭fᑖᑖ⚪:%

15ᙠ᡻ᓝRᑴh᦮ᢣDAA,DASj6klmno2pq_`N஺AஹAXBஹAHCஹALDஹBLὃᫀCஹALᡃḄᫀCஹAL⚪40ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%UBX=1000H,DS=2000H,21000H=12H,21001H=34H,᡻LEASI,BX
ᢣ!SIr2ᘤḄᑁs;_`஺tAஹ1234H□B,1000HCc,3412HCDஹ0010HὃᫀBஹ1000HᡃḄuvBஹ1000H⚪41ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%w⊤ᢣXLATy/zw⊤Ḅ✌ᙬd2ᐭ_`N஺CAஹBP~BஹSI~CஹDI

16DஹBXᫀDஹBXᡃḄᫀDஹBX⚪42ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%JMPWORDPTRDI
`஺~AஹᑁCBஹCCஹᑁCDஹᫀAஹᑁᡃḄᫀCஹᑁḂ⚪43ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪INCᢣO_`᪗]஺~AஹOF~BஹCFtCஹSF□DஹZFὃᫀBஹCFᡃḄuᫀCஹSF⚪44ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪SᢣSHLEᵨq_`஺

17CA,ᦪ2CBஹᦪ◀2CCஹᦪ2CDஹᦪ◀2ὃuᫀCஹ39ᦪ2ᡃḄsᫀCஹὡᦪ2⚪45ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%SᢣSAREᵨq_`஺~Aஹᦪ2CBஹᦪ◀2CCஹᦪ2CDஹᦪ◀2ὃᫀBஹᦪ◀2ᡃḄᫀBஹᦪ◀2⚪46ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%@ᑡᢣNᨵ*┯Ḅ;_`஺CAஹMOVISI,AXCBஹINAL,DX~CஹXORAX,1234H~DஹOUT210H,ALὃᫀDஹOUT210H,ALᡃḄᫀDஹOUT210H,AL⚪47ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ

18⚪:SPḄ.ᵨ;ᵨᩭᢣ_oCAஹ᪘⚔ᐗḄᨵᦔᙢᙬCBஹ@%ᩩ⌕᡻ᢣḄᙢᙬCCஹ@%ᩩ⌕¡ḄᢣḄᙢᙬCDஹ᪘¢ᐗḄᨵᦔᙢᙬὃᫀAஹ᪘⚔ᐗḄ£ᦔᙢ1ᡃḄᫀAஹ᪘⚔ᐗḄ¤ᦔᙢᙬ⚪48ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%ᙠᦪ¥〈ᢣ᡻§¨NOP©ªᓽᦪR¥〈Ḅ;
otAஹ¬ᵨr2ᘤtBஹr2ᘤCCஹ23ᘤtDஹ¬ᵨr2ᘤX23ᘤὃᫀBஹr2ᘤᡃ®Cஹ¯3ᘤ⚪49ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%°±23ᓫᐗ¡²-.ᦪE³ᵨ_`஺CAஹr2ᘤ´ᙬஹr2ᘤ´ᙬCBஹªᓽ´ᙬஹ´ᙬ~Cஹªᓽ´ᙬஹr2ᘤ´ᙬ

19CDஹ´ᙬஹr2ᘤ´ᙬᫀDஹµBஹr2ᘤ¶ᙬᡃḄsᫀDஹ·ᙬஹᖪ¯ᘤಗºᙬ⚪50ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%ᙠᢣMOVAX,0᡻!CPU᝱᪗]SZFḄ¡_0~Aஹ»0~Bஹ»1CcஹO¼/,DஹOᦋ¾aᫀDஹdᦋ¾ᡃḄuᫀBஹ»1⚪51ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪@ᑡ¿ÀÁ¼Ḅ;_oJAஹ()*+Âᵫᢣឋ*ÅÆᡂCBஹ()*+ᒹÉᢣឋ*ÅX,ᢣ*ÅCCஹᢣឋ*ÅX,ᢣ*ÅḄÊË;ÌᐰÎÏḄ~Dஹᢣឋ*ÅX,ᢣ*Å◤Ñ()¨ÒÓÔᡂÕᘤÖṹ!ØP᡻ὃᫀBஹÙ)*ÚᒹÉᢣឋ*ÅX,ᢣ*/ᡃḄᫀDஹᢣឋ*ÅX,ᢣ*Å◤Ñ()¨ÒÓÔᡂÕᘤÖṹ!&P᡻⚪52ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%Ꮇ/DX=00B9H,CL=3,CF=1,ᑣ᡻ᢣSHLDX,CL!DXḄ»_`஺

20JAஹ005CHCBஹ0017H~Cஹ1700H~Dஹ05C8H♦ὃᫀDஹ05c8HᡃḄᫀDஹ05c8H⚪53ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱?▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%@ᑡᢣNOÞᦋ¾ᢣᢣ┐r2ᘤᑁsḄ;_`஺~AஹMOV~B,JMP~CஹCALL~DஹRETὃᫀAஹMOVᡃḄàCஹCALL⚪54ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱@▭ᑖᑖ⚪:%ᑭᵨDOSâãäPhᵨḄ9_AH=9äPå%
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21CcஹCSDX=
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22Aஹ10Bஹ18Cஹ20Dஹ32ḽᫀBஹ18ᡃḄ'SCஹ20⚪58ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:TU>4096X8Ḅ67Vᱏ4ᱏ9XᡂḄ67Z[\>DoAஹ4KBBஹ8KBCஹ16KBDஹ32KBὃ'ᫀCஹ16KBᡃḄ'ᫀCஹ16KB⚪59ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱]'^▭*ᑖᑖ⚪,_`abcdefgᙬ64Mh⁚Ḅᑁ6kl9ᐸCPUḄᙢᙬmnoᨵDPᩩ஺Aஹ20Bஹ30Cஹ16Dஹ26ὃℏᫀDஹ26ᡃḄ'ᫀCஹ16⚪60ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:qrstu6CᵫwtDPXᡂ஺

23JAஹSRAMBஹDRAM□CஹEEPROMxDஹFlashὃ'ᫀAஹSRAMᡃḄ'yDஹFlash⚪61ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪z67ᘤ|}9ᙢᙬᨵᦔᦪ.ᨵᦔḄlᐵo;C()OJAஹᦪ.ᐜᨵᦔBஹ%ὅᨵᦔCCஹᙢᙬᐜᨵᦔ°Dஹsᵯὃ'ᫀCஹᙢᙬᐜᨵᦔᡃḄCஹᙢᐜᦔ⚪62ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪_cḄᑁ6dᵨ()᪀ᡂ஺CAஹRAMROMCBஹCcஹCDஹᐝὃ'ᫀAஹRAMROMᡃḄ'ᫀAஹRAMROM⚪63ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ

24⚪80869᝞fᑮ64000H6FFFFHᙢᙬḄ67ᘤᵨ8KX80Vᱏ᪀ᡂ9;Vᱏ◤⌕Dᱏ஺CAஹ4CBஹ8¡Cஹ6Dஹ12ὃ'ᫀCஹ6ᡃḄ¢£Dஹ12⚪64ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪CPU¦᜜¨lᦪ.©〈Ḅ«ᑴ®ᨵDP஺□Aஹ¯®BஹDMA®CCஹ°±«ᑴ®CDஹ2²³´Cὃ'ᫀDஹ2²³´CᡃḄµᫀDஹ2²³´C⚪65ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:CPU¦I/O¨ᜓl©〈Ḅ¹ºᨵDP஺CAஹᦪ.¹»CBஹ«ᑴ¹»Ccஹ#᝱¹»CDஹ2²³´Cὃ'ᫀDஹ2²³´ᨌ

25ᡃḄ'ᫀDஹ2²³´C⚪66ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'½▭*ᑖᑖ⚪ᙠ¯®¿9᜜¨ᦪ.Àᐭᑮᑁ6ḄÂÃCDoCAஹ᜜¨ᦪ.Tᑁ6CBஹ᜜¨ᦪ.CPUᑁ6CCஹ᜜¨CPU-DMAC1ᑁ6¡Dஹ᜜¨—I/Of■CPU—ᑁ6ὃ'ᫀDஹ᜜¨I/Of-CPU-W____________________________ᡃḄ'ÆDஹ᜜¨-I/Of-CPU-ᑁ6⚪67ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪CPUÇo¯ÈÉÇoDMAÈÉḄÊË8ÌCDo0Aஹ¯Ço☠Î(ÏCBஹt=᠒Ccஹ«ᑴÑᓫDஹÇo¯•9CPUÔᯠÔ«ᑴ9ÖÇoDMAÈÉ9CPU⌕×Ø஺ὃ'ᫀDஹÇo¯9CPUÔᯠÔ«ᑴ9ÖÇoDMAÈÉ•9CPU⌕×Ø஺_______________________________________________________ᡃḄ'ᫀDஹÇo¯9CPUÔᯠÔ«ᑴ9ÖÇoDMAÈÉ,CPU⌕3Ø஺⚪68ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪ᙠ¿ᑡᢣÝ9Þß8086CPUzI/Oàáâᑏ|}ḄCOAஹ¯ᢣÝCBஹãäåᢣÝ

26CcஹÀᐭÀØᢣÝ□Dஹ©〈ᢣÝᒹᫀcஹÀᐭÀØᢣÝᡃḄµᫀCஹÀᐭÀØᢣÝ⚪69ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:¿ᑡç³rᵨVᱏ9df¢«ᑴᦪ.©〈ḄCDP஺Aஹèᘤ/aᦪᘤVᱏ□BஹãâfVᱏCCஹéâfVᱏDஹDMA«ᑴᘤVᱏὃ'ᫀDஹDMA«ᑴᘤVᱏᡃḄ'ᫀDஹDMA«ᑴᘤVᱏ⚪70ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱]'ê▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:ëᢝíᩩΩ〈®ḄfᵯÂ9mnoᒹîD0CAஹᦪ.à9«ᑴàBஹ#᝱àCஹ«ᑴàCDஹᦪ.àὃ[ᫀDஹᦪ.àᡃḄ'ïDஹᦪ.à⚪71ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱ð''▭*ᑖᑖ⚪ñòᵨDPÀᐭäå.9◀ôabc£õ9ᔲᑣíø©〈ᦪ.ùabc஺

27Aஹ°±úû®CBஹ¯®CCஹDMA®ḽᫀAஹ°±úûü__________________________________________A.°±úûᶭ®⚪72ᑖ1.0ᑖ#᝱&'(▭*ᑖᑖ⚪:ñM/I0=0,/WRWR=08086CPUᡂḄAஹᘤCBஹI/OCCஹᘤᑏDஹI/Oᑏ!ᫀ#DஹI/O^2ᡃḄ!ᫀ#BஹI/O%⚪73'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*-!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪*᜜23CPU456ᦪ89〈+᝱;<=>?@A569〈Ḅ஺LuAஹᦪ8CBஹᙢᙬCCஹEᑴCDஹ᜜Gὃ!ᫀ#Aஹᦪ8ᡃḄ!ᫀ#CஹEᑴ%⚪74'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K

28ᑭᵨNOPQRS9〈ᦪ8CPUTUVᑨX=ᔲ9〈ᦪ8஺CAஹ᜜2Ḅ+᝱ZBஹDMAḄ[\;]CCஹᦪ8^ᐭ;

29ὃ!ᫀ#Bஹ`XEᑴᘤ}~Ḅ`X[\;”________________________ᡃḄ!ᫀ#Bஹ`XEᑴᘤ}~Ḅ`X[\;]%⚪77'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K8086/8088CPUḄ`gᨵt`X;]Ḅᨵ஺CAஹ15Bஹ8ZCஹ2CDஹ1ὃ!ᫀ#Cஹ2ᡃḄ!ᫀ#Cஹ2%⚪78'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪*8086CPU`Xsᐭᚮ᪘Ḅ;<=-CAஹAX,BX,CX,DXḄᑁ□BஹAX,CXḄᑁCஹCS,IP,SPḄᑁZDஹ᪗ᘤḄᑁIP,CSὃ!ᫀ#Dஹ᪗ᘤḄᑁIP,CSᡃḄ"#Dஹ᪗ᘤḄᑁSIP,CS%⚪79'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K8086ᳮḄᑁ4`ᙢᙬ00000H-003FFH`Ḽ஺AஹᵨᡝNOṹCBஹBIOSṹ

30CCஹDOSpqṹCDஹ`Xᔣ⊤¡ᫀ#Dஹ¢Xᔣ⊤ᡃḄ!ᫀ#DஹfXᔣ⊤%⚪80'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K2£`XḄ`XᔣḄᙢᙬ0000H:0070H,ᑣ§`XḄ`X¨©ṹ=஺Aஹ35H□Bஹ18HCஹ1BHDஹ1CHὃ!ᫀ#Dஹ1CHᡃḄª#Dஹ1CH%⚪81'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K«ᑡCPUNO`XḄ®¯°±`◤⌕ᵫtl´µ`X¨©ṹ஺°AஹINTOBஹNMICஹINTRDஹ1NTnὃ!ᫀ#C,INTRᡃ%MCஹINTR%⚪82'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪*d8086·¸pqᐸ`X¨©ṹ18HḄ`Xᔣ»ᑁ`ᱥᳮᙢᙬ½¾ᐳᓰÁ⁚஺

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32%⚪*᡻6ÐÑᢣ|⌨~`XuvNOÞÐÑᙢᙬᩭ()oCAஹROMáCBஹNOâᦪᘤCCஹᚮ᪘áCDஹCPUḄᨚᘤὃ!ᫀ#Cஹᚮ᪘äᡃḄ!ᫀ#Cஹᚮ᪘á%⚪86'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:K8086pq`NMI`XḄ`Xåᙠ`Xå⊤`Ḅæç=()஺□AஹᵫDOSsᑖéCBஹᵫNOᢣêCC,ëêᙠᑁ»00008H½¾Ḅ2Áᓫᐗ`Dஹëêᙠ`Xå⊤⊤✌ὃ!ᫀ#Cஹëêᙠᑁ»0OOO8H"¾Ḅ2Áᓫᐗ`ᡃḄïá#Cஹëêᙠᑁ»0OOO8Hð¾Ḅ2Áᓫᐗ`%⚪87'ᑖ)*1.0ᑖ+᝱*I!.▭0ᑖ*ᑖ%⚪:KPC/XT¸`ñÈòKóᐰõᝅRSḄ8259A`XEᑴᘤ÷gø«KùÕᡈúÕḄ`X[\ᙠ`XuvNOûüᜐ()஺CAஹ᡻6IRETᢣ|°Bஹ᡻6POPᢣ|

33CCஹ}〈EOIþ|CDஹ}〈OCW3þ|ὃ!ᫀ#Cஹ}〈EOIþ|ᡃḄÿᫀ
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BஹCPUᔣ8255A4ᑴ2〈4ᑴ6<ᡃ@AB
DஹC:;⚪89ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:8255AD2EᱏḄH2Iᨵ,-KL;MN஺CAஹ5CBஹ3CCஹ4CDஹ2<=ὃᫀ
Bஹ3<ᡃḄᫀ
Bஹ3⚪90ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪

348255AOᵨQ,-RH2ᙢᙬ஺<=ὃᫀ
Dஹ4<ᡃ⊍^Bஹ2⚪91ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:ᙠ8255AWXYZ[ᢥ]^]/`]ḄH2a,-஺H2AH2BH2CᡠᨵH2<=ὃᫀ
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35CDஹ240R<=ḽᫀ
Cஹ120R<ᡃḄᫀ
Cஹ120R⚪93ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:ᵨREPESCASBᢣ6~eZ[)᝞CXW0())⊤+,-஺2Aஹᙠ6~eW⍗RALWᢣḄ6~CBஹᙠ6~eWᨵRALWᢣḄ6~CCஹᙠ6~eWᨵRaALWᢣḄ6~CDஹᙠ6~eW⍗RaALWᢣḄ6~<=ὃᫀ
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Dஹ{rὃᑴpᦪ<ᡃ
Bஹ{r〈Ḅ6⁚ᦪ⚪95ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:e[h〉ᵨ,-Ḅᦪ1r〈஺CAஹ

36CBஹccஹ¡¢£CDஹ¡¢£<=ḽᫀ
Bஹ9<ᡃḄ¤
Aஹ⚪96ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:¥¦§¨ᵨ8255A;©[I/OD2)ªkᓄ(CPUᡠ¬ḄH2ᙢᙬw0CBH,©dA2wMN1s®)ᑣA2Ḅ2ᙢᙬ¯w()஺CAஹ0C8H□Bஹ0CAH2Cஹ0CHCDஹ0EH<=ὃᫀ
Aஹ0C8H<ᡃW^Bஹ0CAH⚪97ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪8255AḄMN⌱³4ᑴ6w80H,ᐸµ¶a()஺2A)AஹBஹC2ᐰwsᐭCB)A2ws®)ᐸ¹wsᐭCC)AஹB2wMN1s®)C2;ὶ»CD)AஹBஹC2ᙳwMN0,s®<=ὃᫀ
D)AஹBஹC2ᙳwMN0,s®<ᡃḄᫀ
C)AஹB2wMN1s®)C2;ὶ»⚪98ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪

378255A½X;ᦪ1sᐭஹs®H2)¾X¿À4ᑴÁஹ᝱ÁḄH2a()oCA)B2CB)A2CC)c2CD)AஹBஹCÃH2ᙳXY<=ὃᫀ
C)cn<ᡃḄᫀ
B)A.⚪99ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱▭ᑖᑖ⚪:⌕ÅÆ¥᜜ÈWÉ)XhÊᦋÌ8259A()ḄᑁcÏ஺CAஹIRR2BஹIMR2CஹISR2DஹPR<=ὃᫀ
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BஹIMR⚪100ᑖ1.0ᑖ᝱ÐÑ▭ᑖᑖ⚪¥e[h¦§XY¡(DᦈÓ〈ᦪ1)ᑣÔ¦§L;()MN஺2AஹᓫL2BஹÖ×L2Cஹᐰ×L<=ὃᫀ
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