检体诊断试题库

《检体诊断试题库》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

⚪1.ᵱ5842ᨴᩭ⊈᷊Xᱏ!"ᙊ$▢&஺᝞)*+,-./0ᜧ2345Ḅ7⊤-./ᨬᐜ0ᜧḄ;<ឋᜧA⚠?-./@BA⚠?-./@C┝CD-./DA┝CD-./EA⚠?-./E@2.FG,Hᜩ
Jᨬ"KALᨌ2-6NBEᓤ1-6NCᓤ12NDP6-9NEᓤ10-12N3.EᑡᐵS
JTᓄḄVWXFYḄKAᝣ᝕ᨴ\]
J!"B☘_
J!ὁ,"Cᒓbcd
J;eᓣ"Dg⚶i
Jᓣ"Ejᝣ
J!"4.EᑡXkSlmឋnoḄKAᜧpឋqBᾱ0CᨣDtuEvwឋᾯyz{q5.|lmឋnoXᒹ~Eᑡ2⚗A᫱ioB⊈+Cᵬ

1A
Jᓣ39-40࠷,ᢝᦪᜩFGB
Jᓣ39࠷e,ᢝᦪᔢFGiᓣ39࠷eC
JG39࠷e,24¢£d¥¥ᜧS2࠷,¦§ᙠFGeD
JG39࠷eH,24¢£d¥¥S2C,ᙳᙠFGeE
JG39࠷e,24¢£d¥¥S1࠷7,Eᑡnoឋ¯+,X°ᨵᓫ³´µḄKAᜧpឋqBញឋ·¸·qC¹º»DvwឋlᑈEvwឋᾯyz{q8.Eᑡnoឋ¯+X°ᨵ¿À0ᜧḄKAញឋITPBÄmឋᓫ᪶ÆÇÈÉÊC+Ëឋ¿qD-.᷈E⊈+ᐳᵨ⚪ÏÐ9-10⚪ÑÒAᢙÔᢙ
ÕᔠᱥBឋØÆÇCᓫ᪶ÙÚÆÇDÛÜIL-2E5ß⁐á9.ᑁãឋäoã10.᜜ãឋäoãᐳᵨ⚪ÏÐ11-14⚪Ñ:AçᶇoBoC¹éoD£oEXêᑣo11.ᜧpឋq12.ìíîq13.ïðñ+14.ò⊈Êᐳᵨ⚪ÏÐ15-17⚪ÑÒA¿ឋᾯ+

2BvwឋóôᾯqCᾯ⊈DõöE-.᷈15.ᐜ÷øino16.ᐜnoi÷ø17.ᑁùឋäoãXᒹ~AqឋúᱥBIL-1CTNFDIL-6EÏ᡾Ü18.ᐵSHomer'süᔠÊ┯þḄÿ
AῊᚖBCᳫ◍DᜧE☢19.Ḅ⊈ᨬ"⌕Ḅ$%
A&'()*)B
ᔲ,-ᡈ/0C&1)*)
ᔲ23D4)ᾭ67EḄ89
ᔲ:;20.<=>ឋ@,ABḄC,ᑡF⚗
┯IḄAJKஹ8Mஹ╋☟ᑺஹQ⏥ᑺST/BUVWὁYZC⊤\]^)ஹ_`D⊤\]aṑஹcdeEf"ghiஹjᔾ⊦mஹnop'qᐰ21.ᙳtdu:;Zvw7x

3A0°B5°-15°C20°-25°D30°-40°E400-50°23.”□ឋVWᐵ⁚A>B>Cᜧ>D¡¢E£~~ᢚ24.v⚠¦§¨□ឋq:©ḄC
Aª«v¬⚠☟ᾭ᝼¯°±²Bª«v¬⚠☟ᾭ᝼¯³ᜫC
|np'qᐰḄ⊤\µ¶Dv¬·⊈,ᜧE¸np'qᐰ¶¹ºd¨25.ᑡF⚗q»ᔠញឋnᒹ¿ᨵnᒹ>Ḅ⊤\AnzcÁBn{ÂÃ᡽ᜧCv,ᜧDnÅÆ)±²EjᔾÇÈ26.ÉÊ⚠☟ᾭ᝼¯;VËÌqᒹÍAÎ@,B|n⊦mCÏÐឋnᒹ¿Dnᒹ>EῚ☟ᾭÒÓÔᔠ¨27.ᔣnឋÖ×
ᵫWᑡFÙÚÛᑖÝÞUᡠàA¢áÛBâãÛCäåæÚÛDçåæÚÛEᵬéêÚÛ28./`ëì⊈íSVWîïð◀AòJ

4BᦿíòJC§ôឋᾯö÷¿DQíEø⊈ù29.'úûüᵨWdeþ⁚ÿḄᱥABCᢙᢙᔠᱥDᱥE30.ὅᙠ39࠷ᵨ"#⌨%&'24()ᑁ+,-2࠷ᨬ/)01234஺678A9ᶇB+;C<=D>?E@A31.B7ᱥCDEᵨ2F⁚HIJKALMḄ᜜ឋBLMḄᑁឋC⊈QHLMḄ᜜ឋD⊈QHLMḄᑁឋE⊈QHRḄSTLᱥ32.UᑡB7WXYZ[A\]B^_C`aDbcdᔠeEfឋghᜫḨk33.HlḄmῚlA37-37.2࠷B37.3-37.9࠷C38-38.9CD39-40.9࠷E41࠷34.qrstuvᵫxᑮz{|}~Ḅ᣸|A----

5B----C----D----E----35.34ᓷ)⚠᜜☟ᾭᙠ┝U<ḄᐙᙠAX☄BU2/3ᑁCU1/2ᑁDU1/3ᑁEX36.34ᡈᙶ)⚠᜜☟ᾭᙠ┝U<ḄᐙA4X☄BU2/3ᑁCU1/2ᑁDU1/3ᑁEU2/5ᑁ37.B7)⚠᜜☟ᾭᐙl34{⚠☟ᾭ᝼AA10°-25°ḄᓷB20°-25°ḄᓷC30°*45°ḄᓷD40஺-55஺ḄᓷE50°-65°Ḅᓷ38.⚠᜜☟ᾭ᝼A¡ᦈ£¤¥,¦2A§¨©ᐵ«XᐰB§¨©®C¯¨©®D¯¨©ᐵ«XᐰE°,ᾭ©ᐵ«Xᐰ39.B7±²³JKᐰ´µ¶·¸ᜧAញឋ»¼B᠒ឋ¾¼C¿MÀÁឋÂ⊈DÃ◭ÅEÆᷯᔠÈZ[40.ÉUÊ⊈☢ÌḄCÍxᜧ{Î᷆A<2mmB2-3mm

6C3-5mmD>5mmEᙳ³41.ÉUÊ⊈☢ÌḄCÍxᜧ{ÑᦿA<2mmB2-3mmC3-5mmD>5mmEᙳ³42.ÉUÊ⊈☢ÌḄCÍxᜧ{ÑÓA<2mmB2-3mmC3-5mmD>5mmEᙳ³43.JKÊ⊈ឋWÔ4¦ḄÕA⊈Ö᜜ÕB×⊈ÕØÙÚCÛᡈ✏ÝÞßᱥDᢙ×⊈ᱥàឋáâE⊈(ãÕ44.᝕,32å1¡æçèékê,ìíîï}ðñ஺òóᶭõU%,ᐸU%÷ø4{Aᦪᕜᑁ%34Bᦪᜩᑁ%34C24()ᑁ%34Dᦪ()ᑁ%34E1()ᑁ%3445.ᵱ38å3ýþ·᪶ឋ
ឋᒹ1-2ᨴᩭᔾஹῳஹ஺⚠☟ᾭ᝼஺Xஹ!"#$ᒹ┛ᓄ஺'(ὅ⚠☟ᾭ᝼*+,A-Ὶ☟ᾭ/0B1Ὶ☟ᾭ/0C23456D2ᔣ89:;/E☟ᾭᔣ29:;/46.<=>?@ABCᩭDᜮ☢Gஹ⚠GH-I஺JK⚠

7☟ᾭ᝼ᐸNO*ᵫ,A-Ὶ☟ᾭ/0B1Ὶ☟ᾭ/0CAQRSᒹTUDAQRSVῚᜧXTUEY-ᙳᨵJ\47.᝕35^(_B`abcd<ᕜfgᑈiDᔾஹjkஹ஺JK⚠☟ᾭ᝼ᐸNOlᑴ*A-Ὶ☟ᾭ/0B1Ὶ☟ᾭ/0C23456D2ᔣ89:;/E☟ᾭᔣ29:;/48.50^ᵱឋJK⚠oᾭpoqrஹsᾭ$tu⊈?po஺'BCJὃ⇋ᑮḄ{|*A}~⊈BᵬCoᾭ᷈ẚDA+BEA+B+Cᐳᵨ⚪49-50NBC5ᜩᩭᢝᙠ39-41࠷,24ᑁoῳGᴮᜧ49.'BCḄ¢*A£¤B¥C9¦D§ᶇE©50.'BCᨬJ\Ḅ{|*Aᜧ«@B:¬ឋ⊈C®D¯°E_±

8²ᫀ1D2B3A4C5D6C7B8A9D10A11A12E13D14B15C16B17A18D19D20C21C22C23B24B25D26A27C28D29A30E31D32B33C34A35B36A37C38A39D40C41D42A43E44D45E46A47C48E49D50Cᔾ[A¢]1.“¶·¸”*ᢣAV»-¼┝»1¼¾£◣ᔣᑁ·◍B┝»1¼┝»-¼¾£◣ᔣᑁ·◍CV»-¼┝»1¼¾£◣ᔣ᜜·◍DV»-¼┝»-¼¾£◣ᔣ᜜·◍EV»-¼┝»-¼¾£◣ᔣᑁ·◍2.ᵨᩭÂÃ@1ÄḄᚖ#ÆÇᵨ1ᑡÉ<⚗᪗ÌÍAÎfÎÏÐÑB┝»ÏÎÏÐÑCÎiiÒÏV»ÏD┝»ÏEÎfÏi3.}~Ḅ⏚ÏÔÕOḄÖ×ᔾØÙACheyne-StokesᔾBBiotsᔾCᢓᑴឋᔾDKussmaulᔾEÛÜ᪵ᔾ4.1ᑡÉÞßà1JYÇá@fÄ£âãäåÍA᡽ឋçBBᒹTUCoᾭ᷈D@èéêëᜧE@>5.ìὁîᵱឋVGïVðfiñqr5ò¾£◣⛳ôῳ-õ5

9ᜧ஺öVð÷᝱ÙAùᧅVBᡡüVC᫜¥VDþVEÒÆVð6.<ÿᔛ
ᯠ〈ញᔾ᩽“”஺ᨬ!"#$A%&'B()'C*+ᱥD-*.ᗞ0E12᛻ᔥ7.56789:&5;<=>?ᜫAABCDEFB&GC⊈(D(ῚᜧKLMENO()PQRS8.TUVᔾᕜXYZ30[\2ᑖ^ᨚ`XᢝbcYdeAA2
5[B1~2[C10[fᑁI)5[fᑁE5
30[9.KussmaulVᔾhᢣ$Aᒓkl=VᔾmnBop⏚rsmYVᔾCVᔾ⊦uTUVᔾDvwxrse`VᔾEyz{|᪵Vᔾ10.~(◫5ᑡ•ᨬAA&B5C5D(5E(

1011.(d◫$Aᜧឋ&'B(5GCῚ☟ᾭ¡¢ᔠD-*&'E᠒ឋ-*'12.~&¥¦#$A§B¨©CªD©E«13.&¦d®✌ᐜ¦5ᑡ±AA²³&¥B&´C&µ;D&5;E&<=14.&¶VᔾḄVX¸Y¹⌕$A»⊈B¼½ឋ⏚rsC¾¿À¿ᓄD¡ឋ&GE()'15.+-*Vᔾᨬ$Aᜧឋ&'?ᦣXBᜧឋ&'ᐙ⊈XCᜧឋ&'«ÄXD-*&'E᠒ឋ¡ឋ-*'16.&ÅÆᗂᱯÉ#$AcᙠVËÌÍBឤÏឋÐ>᧕ÄÒÓÔ>?ᜫCᢝbdeÕDᨵ×ÆᗂÅØÙÚÛEÜeᦪÞÌÍß17.ᜧඹ⌕ᙠ5ᑡ±A

11Aâ-*B¹-*C%-*Iæ&¶EèË-*18.ëcᙠVᔾḄìdíîdXAAᔾrXBᔾïXCVïXDᔾèËXEVñX19ᐳôõöᑴø5ᑡ⚗íÙAA-*&¶VᔾB◫C&¶VᔾD-*VᔾEë20.5ᑡ◀⚗᜜ᙳᨵ(ÿ
ABCᢚ1E21.ᔾ᠒Ḅ!"#◀᜜
A&ᵨ(⏥ᑺ+Bᵨ╋☟./0C123I⚝ᑁ789Eᨵ;<=.>?22.@ᑡBCDEFGᔾHIJKALMBCNOPQRD᠒ឋEῚVW23.FYZ[3\◀Fᑡ^C_`᜜\Z[Hᙳbᨵᦋd?AᜧgឋF

12B>h0ḄῚVWCFiD`ᮤkY⊤☢5cmqr\stuv3cmḄFEF᫱x24.@ᑡ_`z[3{Hᐳ}ᙳJ\~◀᜜
AxBFiCᜧgឋFdD28EῚVW25.@ᑡFYZ[bHᡈH\◀᜜
AFi᷈B28CFdDEF26.{Hᐳ}
A[B[CZ[Dz[E[27.{HᙠC`d3KAᜧgឋFBῚVWCFᾱiDFE᡽28.2᥅Hᙠ@ᑡYzKAFBrYC¡@D@¢YEr¡29.ῚVW1ὅ¥^C¦KAᏉᓷB1ᓷ©

13Cªᓷ1«ᓷE9᪋ᓷ30.ῚVW0ᜧvᨵ®¯O°KA500mlB400mlC300mlD200mlE100ml31.᠒ឋxឋFi3b±²@ᑡ^C³´KAµᔣ1B-¸⛳ºC᫜°DµᔣᏉEᔾ®¯¼½32.>¾GHL¿ᙠ@ᑡᕸÁKABÂÃCÄI>hᜧuEÅÆ33.u¾GH±²ᙠ@ᑡ^Ç3ÈÉ3?AÊBᔾÊCᔾ>1ᔾ+EÆ34.ᐵvÌᗂHḄÎÏ\@ᑡ^⚗ÑÒÓḄKA9ÔÌᗂHÕÖv×uᡈÄBØÙHÚÛÜHCÜHÔ9\ᐸ⚣᳛100
200Hz1ØÙHᵨRᔾ3ᐸHàᕈrᓣឋEÌᗂH᪷äH9åᑖ9\>\åÔçC35.³´ᔾHÑᢣ
AFGᔾH8éBᙠÒ´FGᔾHYzᑮḄᔾHCᙠÒ´FGᔾHYzᑮḄFGᔾH

14DéëឋᔾHEᔾHḄHÔìJL¿ᦋd36.ῚVWᙠCDE@bZ±DamoiseauíîKA0VWB>0VWï2ðñC⇾ó°VWD>h0VWQ28\ðñEᜧ0ῚVW37.FGᔾHᙠ¸ᜐᨬìKA¡rYBö÷@YCó@YDróEøùú38.{Hᐳ}8ìḄÑ
AᜧgឋFBFiCûᗞDxឋFIE38.@ᑡ^⚗Y³´Z[HKAý¡î@þÿᡠᙠᕈBCᓃDEᓷ☢40.ᗞᐺḄ!⊤#$A%&ឋᔾ)ឋ*ᔾ+,-./012B%&ឋ*)ឋ*ᔾ+,-./012C%&ឋ3ᔠ*ᔾ+,56D789:9;-ஹ@ᗂE%&ឋ*ᔾ+,BᜧDEF⁐H;[B]J⚪41~44ACheyne—Stokes*ᔾBBiots*ᔾCKussmaul*ᔾ

15DLM᪵*ᔾEᢓᑴឋ*ᔾ41.QᒓST6ᡠUᔾ)VWᯠYZ42.]^ᵫ`᠒]bc]`᠒]ᨚe]`᠒Ḅᕜ8᪵*ᔾ43.]^gh*ᔾijkWe]lmnopq*ᔾᕜrsqḄ*ᔾ44.]^b7rcḄ*ᔾJ⚪45
46A/*ᔾtuBv*ᔾC%&ឋ*ᔾ+,BᜧDEF⁐H;DCheyne-Stokes*ᔾEKussmaul*ᔾ45.᠒ឋwxឋ/)y46.ᜧzឋ/{J⚪47
50A|}B~CDE47.ᜧzឋ/{~8$48./)y$49.)$50.Ὶᫀ1ஹE2ஹB3ஹD4ஹE5ஹC6ஹC7ஹB8ஹE9ஹB10ஹBHஹA12ஹD13ஹB14ஹD15ஹC16ஹB17ஹB18ஹD19ஹB20ஹD21ஹC22ஹA23ஹD24ஹC25ஹD26ஹD27ஹA28ஹC29ஹB30ஹA31ஹC32ஹD33ஹD34ஹA35ஹB36ஹD37ஹB38ஹA39ஹC40ஹB41ஹE42ஹA43ஹB44ஹC45ஹA46ஹB47ஹB48ஹA49ஹC50ஹEஹ⊈v1.yᒹᑡ⚗:Ay

16B/yCᒹDῳE2.ᑡឋyḄᱯ$A%᠒B¡¢£¤ឋᜧC¥¦pqᔣ¨%D5ᨵª«ᐰEᨵ⚠☟ᾭ᝼²3.´µᔾ)ឋ*ᔾ+,ᨬ·⌕Ḅᱯᑡ⚗$A*ᔾ⚣᳛,b¼,⁚hᦋB%¿ÀÁCÂÃᡧ¤D“ÆÇÈ”EʨË4.kussmaul*ᔾÓÔÕᑡ^Ö×$AØÙÚ⏚YÜB*ᔾYÝᐶßឋàáCâḨäYÜDᾯæ{EçÚ5.é◖ëᨬÓÔÕ$AᐜᜩîÚBᜧDᒹCïðឋñÚD/ឋîÚEò⊈óîÚ6.õö÷øùú]ûüQ$Aîpqᦈþmõö÷zᜐᨬBᦈᐵCᦈDEᜮ"#$ᜫ&7.*ᦈ+ᗌᗓ./ᦈ0+⌴2ᩖ.45Aᐵ7ᐰB9:

17C;<ᾭᐵ7ᐰI?ῃᚖEBCDE᷈8.HIឋK9:LὅN+OP᪵ᜧS⊈UᵫAWXYZ[\⊈Yẚ^B_᫱aCញឋ_cdDeWfgWXY☟ᾭijẚ^Eᔠl_mno9.qrឋs◫u45vᑡxyz{Aᐵ7ᐰl9:B|ᐵ7ᐰl9:C;<ᾭᐵ7ᐰl9:D<ᾭ}Y~E_<ᾭᐵ7ᐰl9:10.9:ᨬᐜvᑡxCஹᜧACᜧBᜧCBᜧI?BCᜧEBCᜧ11.4<ABᑁ0.5-1.0CMBB┝᜜0.5-1.0CMCB┝ᑁ0.5-1.0CMI?B᜜0.5-1.0CME7U12.;<ᾭᐵ7ᐰᨬ⌕Ḅ¡¢UAᕜ¤⊈Y¢B;<ᾭ*—j+¦X᪵ᩖ.ᔣ¨}C;<ᾭ*.©ªᡈ¬ᜫ1?®᪵

18DþÅÆÇÈᙠEÊË7BC᡽ᜧ14.<ᾭ—jÆḄÍ;⌕Î᧜AÐÑÒÓḄÔÕB᜜ᕜÖḄᜧ×Cᜧ<ᾭØឋḄÙÚDÛ⊈#$ḄÙÚE⊈YᐙÝḄÞ¼15.Cu<ÃßàA᜻ᾭBᾭCâãᾭDcäᾭEåsᾭ16.ញឋᒹçèḄ;⌕ᱯ¢UxÊ⚗AêᾭsªBë.ìCᔾX<ᾭ⊈ÆîlOmmHgD⚠☟ᾭ᝼jEðᔾñò17.⊦ôõ⊈Ḅ;⌕ᘤ÷UA._ஹøஹùúûü⍝B.øஹþúûü⍝C.ùஹ_úûü⍝D._ஹᾯஹ
ஹEᾯஹ⍝18.ᨬ᧕ḄABᾭCᾭᾭDᾭEᾭ19.ᔣ"#$%&'(#ᑡ*+,-A./0ᜧB.20ᜧC"20ᜧD"/0ᜧ

19Eᒹ5620.#ᑡ*+9:;<᜻ᾭA▲ᑴABBDEឋ᫱HABC᡽KឋB1MNឋBOEPQ21.R#*⚗TᒹUVḄ⊤

2026.pqᾭ¡¢ᑴAᾭ[£¤Bᾭ[£ᜧCᾭ[¥&Dᦈ[£¤E—K[£ᜧ27.#¨ᐵ(ᾭᐵTᐰḄ©¨ª«*⚗┯ḄA"2Dᜧஹ᡽KB.2Dᜧஹ᡽KCᾭ®ᦈ¯ᩖDᾭ[±ᜧஹ²s⊈Eᓫ´ឋᾭᐵTᐰµ'(᫥NឋᾭO28..⊦v&'Ḅ¸¹AᾭºPQBᾭᐵTᐰCPQD»E.%29.#ᑡ*+9:;<|—K¯◖◖᪵ᩖ«¿À(ᓷ%ÂᜫAᐵTᐰBPQCᾭᐵTᐰDῃᚖE"/Å6᷈30.ᾭᐵTᐰᕜÈ⊈zɪ#ᑡ*⚗┯ḄA⚠ᾭÊËÌBᦈ¯Í—K¯oᩖCᾭÎD²s⊈Eklᾭ31.⊈9ªÏ+,-ᨬÐ᧕¿ᾯ⊈᪝VAᐵTᐰBᾭPQC⊈[«ᾭÒᓄDÔ⊦vEPQÕ/Ö32.R#*+ᘤØឋTÙÚ◫Ö

21APQBDEឋ᫱HACᾭᐵTᐰ1MᾭPQEញឋB᫱Ý2Þ◞àá33.«PQᨬ&ᔠ¿Ḅãᜫ&A/2äåHæB2ឋ¯çᦈC/ÖD2ÖE▣ឋéfឋYZ34.êឋᾭPQ«#ᑡ*⚗⊤<T&'ḄAᾭ®ëìឋᦈ¯ᩖBᾭ®\íCᾭ[¤ஹᾭsíD"2ËÌ᡽KE"2DE35.ញឋîïðñឋᒹOᨬᐹᱯÉḄzÉA\íBᒹôCᒹ᥅öD⚠☟ᾭ᝼KEῳp36.øùὅ(®û—K¯◖◖᪵ᩖ«᳛86ý/ᑖ஺
⚗ᔠA☢B—ᝂCD"#ᾭ%ᑖ'E⚠☟ᾭᐙ,-./ᜧ37.56789:;ᐸᩖ>ᙠᨬA⌱C
DEFGA⌱ᵨIJKLBM☟N᝱CPᔾRDSTUEVWᓷU38.Z[\ᔾ8UḄᐵ_`ᑡFGD⚗b┯d

22A56ᩖ--VWᓷUfgBhᐵiᐰᩖ--ᔾRkfgCl#ᾭᐵiᐰᩖmmSTU8\Rnfg1p"#ᾭqrឋᦈuᩖ-m\RnfgEᒹᡷxm\Ryz{39.ᑡ}y8~[}ᓄ┯dḄbAVᜧ-mᔣV᡽ᜧBᜧ--yᔣW᡽ᜧ8
V9lCᒹ--ᓷU~[mDᒹ--~᡽ᜧ8~uEVᜧ-m8Ὺ40.[ᕈAVᜧBᜧCV8ᜧDᒹE41.¡"#ᾭ%¢£Ḅ¤bAl#ᾭ56B"#ᾭ56Cl#ᾭᐵiᐰ1p56E"#ᾭᐵiᐰ42.ᑡD⚗ᦋ}§¨©ª«ᐰA¬ᾭB®¯ᾭC°±ᾭD᜻ᾭEᾭ±³´µ43.ᑡD⚗b¶ᳮឋ%hᱯ¹Aºᑖ»¼½☘¿ÀBÁ᳛³ÃÄÅCS3s2ÈÉÊËSlSzDᓷU§ÎᜫEÐÑÒÓ44.%ÔÕᑖ'A"#ᾭ56

23Bl#ᾭᐵiᐰCl#ᾭ56D"#ᾭᐵiᐰEÈ◞×Ø45.Vª«ᐰyÅ%⌮ᑖ'ÛÜbAᔾRy8r⊈ÞßBᔾRy8Vr⊈ÞßC\Ry8r⊈ÞßD\Ry8Vr⊈ÞßE
àáb46.ᨬ᧕Å—ᝂḄ¤bAl#ᾭ56B"#ᾭ56Cl#ᾭᐵiᐰD56Eª«ᐰ47.ä±⊈åæ#ᨬAᵬ¢Bè⊈Cl#ᾭᐵiᐰDᐵiᐰEl#ᾭ5648.é-ê(Graham—Steell)õᩖᨬAl#ᾭ56B"#ᾭ56Cl#ᾭᐵiᐰD56Eᐵiᐰ49.ᾭö÷ÒAè⊈Bᵬ¢Cl#ᾭᐵiᐰD#ᾭøåùiEu6ឋᒹ50.ᩖú¶ûᑴbA⊈ýzþBI568ᐵiᐰ

24Cÿ⊈⍝1Ὶ᪀Eᐰᫀ1ஹB2ஹB3ஹD4ஹA5ஹA6ஹA7ஹD8ஹD9ஹD10ஹD11ஹC12ஹB13ஹC14ஹC15ஹE16ஹC17ஹB18ஹE19ஹC20ஹA21ஹE22ஹA23ஹD24ஹC25ஹA26ஹB27ஹC28ஹC29ஹE30ஹE31ஹE32ஹD33ஹC34ஹB35ஹC36ஹB37ஹE38ஹE39ஹI40ஹD41ஹB42ஹA43ஹD44ஹE45ஹD46ஹE47ஹC48ஹD49ஹE50ஹE$%&'⚪1.%&*+,-*+,Ḅ/01A.234$56Ḅᢣ᪗B.%&*+,9:+,C.*+,9:+,D.%&*+,;☟9+=*ᶇ?$ᑁḄ+,E.*+,;☟9+=*ᶇ?$ᑁḄ+,2.%&*+,A*+,BCḄDEFGA.HI$ᐙ+KLB.HI$9+KLC.HIᨵNOឋ$QRD.HIᨵ$STE.HIᨵUV,ḄWῚ6X3.ᵨZ$[,\FVC_`ᙠbcdefS!1hiA.NOឋ$jkB.l+mnᗞC,9ᔾrstD.ᜧ☢6$STE.wxWyz{4.bc|$%&ᢣ᪗}~ᦋᔠ᠒ឋឋ$jk\COPDḄA.FEV|AFVC

25B.%&*+,AFVCC.FEV|AFEV|/FVCD.FEV1ARCYTLC\*+,/$,E.FEVi/FVCAFVC⚪5~6A.FEV|AFVCbB,%&*+,AFVCbC.FEV,ARC/TLC\*+,/$,bD.FEViAFEV|/FVCbE.FEV/FVCAFVCBC5.L$NOᓄ6.᠒ឋឋ$+R7.l+m'⌕ᵨ?djkḄA.$+RB.nᗞC.$D.$STE.$ᓄ8.PaO2℉bPaCOBCḄjk⌕?:2A.COPDᡠ¢9ᔾ⊦¤B.$QRᡠ¢9ᔾ⊦¤C.ARDSᡠ¢9ᔾ⊦¤D.NOឋ$jkᡠ¢9ᔾ⊦¤E.TZ+Wᡠ¢9ᔾ⊦¤9.¥¦ឋ⏚U¨Ḅ¥©341A.HC03-ᓣ¬B.PaOᓣ¬2C.PaO2bD.PaCChᓣ¬E.PaCO2

2610.9ᔾឋ⏚U¨Ḅ¥©341:A.PaCChbB.PaC)2ᓣ¬C.PaC)2bD.HCCh¯ᓣ¬E.HCCh¯bᫀ:1ஹD2ஹA3ஹB4ஹC5ஹA6ஹD7ஹB8ஹA9ஹE10ஹD°⌱⚪1.¥¦ឋ⏚U¨Ḅᢣ᪗c⚗S³஺¯--AA.HCCh-b1µឋᦋB.¶·¸⏚K°C.¹ឋᱥO»ᜫK°D.ᜧ,½ᵨQᩰ⏚¿ÀᱥE.ÁÂkÃÄ2.³9ᔾឋ¹U¨ḄÅÆc⚗S³஺---CA.ÇឋPaCO2bB.¶È+SÉÊËÌ9ᔾឋ¹U¨C.PaCChB¬D.᷄kÊËÌ9ᔾឋ¹U¨E.pHÊÎ3.ᙠbᑡᐵ?Ñᾭ⊈ÓÔᓄÕᑖ×ḄÅÆUØc⚗┯ÚḄ஺——EA.ᑨ9ᔾ⊦¤¿Ü-ÝLḄᢣ᪗஺B.ÎÞ135—45mmHgC.ᑨ9ᔾឋ⏚¹;⊝ᜫàḄᢣ᪗஺D.Êᵨᩭᑨ¥¦ឋ⏚¹;⊝ᜫàḄ¥©34஺E.IIÜ9ᔾ⊦¤Ñᾭ⊈ÓÔᓄÕᑖ×âãä?50mmHg«4.ᐵ?᪗åÕ⏚æçḄÅÆc⚗Îèé……-CA.ê9ᔾëìíᜧB.349ᔾឋ¹U¨Ḅᢣ᪗஺

27C.åè34¥¦ឋ⏚¹;⊝ᜫàḄᢣ᪗஺D.ÎÞ145—55mmol/LoF.ᔜ⚗ᙳSÎè஺5.ᙠÑᾭ⊈Ôᑖ×ḄðÆUØc⚗SÎèḄé¯-EA.ᏉòᡂôõḼ÷øḄBCùú஺B.ÎÞ195—lOOmmHg,ûὁ÷ô◤ᵨ⚜ÿ
஺C.ᑨᨵḄ஺D.ᑨᨵᔾ⊦஺E.ᙳ஺⚗⌱⚪!7."☢Ḅ$%&⚗'——A,DஹEA.)ᾭ⊈⛳-./ᙢ1᧜345ᔲ஺B.34ḄpH78"97.35—7.45C.pHᜧ;7.459ᜫ=>ឋ@AB஺D.pHᙠEᑁGH34IJ⏚@L⊝ᜫN஺E.pHHOᑖ=QឋRᔾឋ⏚@L⊝ᜫN஺8."☢Ḅ$%&⚗'----AஹDA.U▭W⏚XYZᐰ\ᔾ]^Ḅ_`஺B.⏚ABᡈ@AB5ᢣ34ᑁHCChஹPaCCh9cdᦋfghpHfᓄḄjᳮlᳮm஺C.U▭W⏚XY-᪗oW⏚XYḄpὃ5ZᐰI᪵Ḅ஺D.Isᔾ⊦tuPaCChvwᜧ;50mmHg஺E.Isᔾ⊦tuPaCO?5Ḅ஺9."☢Ḅ$%&⚗5Ḅ'——AஹBஹCஹDA.IIsᔾ⊦tuPaCChvwᜧ;50mmHg஺B.)ᾭ⊈⛳-5ᢣ)ᾭ⊈R⊈xyz{ᔠḄu5ᓫ~⊈xyz{ᔠᑖᦪ஺C.)ᾭ⊈ᑖḄ⚜
9!Pa0=100mmHg-X0.332±5mmHg«D.=Qឋ@ABtu=>PaCC>2l஺F.ᙳ10."☢Ḅ$%&⚗5Ḅ'AஹCஹD

28A.U▭W⏚XYIJ\ᔾ]^Ḅ_`஺B.U▭W⏚XY-᪗oW⏚XYḄpὃ5I᪵Ḅ஺C.=Qឋ@ABtḄᨬᜧ=>᩽▲9PaCOzᓣ55mmHg஺D.=Qឋ⏚ABtḄᨬᜧ=>᩽▲9PaCOlOmmHgo2E.ᙳᓄAs⚪1.ῳA&ᨬ⌕!BA!B!C!D!E!2.ῳḄ9!BA!ஹஹஹB!ஹஹஹC!ஹஹஹD!ஹஹஹE!ஹஹஹ3."Jᐰῳ¡◖c]Ḅ5!EA!ῳῚ¤¥B!ῳᑁ¤¦C!ῳᑁ§ᜧ¨ᙽD!ª«E!¬4.ῳEḄ®¯°±9!AA!²ὅ᣸µLᓷuᵨ¸¹ᾮ»ῳIᕜu®½Ḅᕜ¾9ῳEB!²ὅ᣸µLᓷuᵨ¸¹»ῳIᕜu®½Ḅᕜ¾9ῳEC!²ὅ᣸µLᓷuᵨ¸¹¿ᘤÁ»ῳIᕜu®½Ḅᕜ¾9ῳED!²ὅ᣸µLᓷuᵨ¸¹¿ÃÄÅ"Æ»ῳIᕜu®½Ḅᕜ¾9ῳEE!²ὅ᣸µLᓷuᵨ¸¹ῳ»ῳIᕜu®½Ḅᕜ¾9ῳE5.ÇῳÈ;"ᑡ&78!BAῳÊᨵËÌᡈ¨᷈ÎÏBῳῚᜧ¯¤¥

29CῳῚᜧ¯¤¦DῳῚ§ᜧ¨᷈EῳÐḄ¨ᱥ6.ÒῳÈ;"ᑡ&78!AAῳÊᨵËÌᡈ¨᷈ÎÏBῳῚᜧ¯¤¥CῳῚᜧ¯¤¦DῳῚ§ᜧ¨᷈EῳÐḄ¨ᱥ7.ÔᾭtuῳÐÕ☟ᾭḄ⊈×°ᔣ9!CA!ᾮ⊈×°ᔣᵫ"uᾮ"⊈×ᵫ"B!ᾮ⊈×°ᔣᵫ"uᾮ"⊈×ᵫ"C!ᾮ9AÚᔣÛᕜÜÝD!ᾮ⊈×°ᔣᵫ"uᾮ"⊈×ᵫ"E!ᾮ⊈×°ᔣᵫ"uᾮ"⊈×ᵫ"8.²ὅÞßuῳ4ÈῳÐÕ☟ᾭàÞuᾮ⊈×°ᔣᵫ"uᾮ"⊈×ᵫ"uá²â5"ᑡ&78!BA!Ὶ☟ᾭãäB!"Ὶ☟ᾭãäC!ÔᾭD!åᑁ☟ᾭãäE!å᜜☟ᾭãä9."ᑡᨵᐵ;ῳ
ᔾḄè%&Ié5Ḅ!AA!ᵱឋῳ
ᔾ9ëB!ìíî
ᔾ9ëC!ᡂ᝕ឋῳ
ᔾ9ëD!ῳñt²ὅῳ
ᔾòóE!ῼõö÷tῳ
ᔾòó10.ῳøùHúû≯)ýuÈ;"ᑡ&þj!!
EA!ញឋ
B
ῃᚖC
D
E᫱11.ῳᕏᔢ2ᜩᨌῳᡃ▾!"#$%ῳ&'()ᨬ+,-.BA/0

30B
ᑁᜧ34#5ᶇCῳῚᑁᨵᜧ34#DῳῚᑁᨵ9:;#EῳῚᑁᨵ<ᙽ12.ῳ&>?@ᨬ0A.DA
BCBῳῚᑁD⊈CញឋGHឋῳDI᪶ឋῳEញឋ▋L13.M▲ឋO<ᜧAPᑡRSTU.BAV-"XYᔠ[BO<᷈C]⊈D⊈ᔾ_E`abᔾ_14.PᑡcdRefg-OPhḄj.EAᑁkPᚖBl;

31Aᙠ¨ᔾ;s,©ᑮ£P᩽Bᙠ¨ᔾ;s,©ᑮ1/2Ḅ£Cᙠ¨«;s,©ᑮ1/2Ḅ£Dᙠ¨ᔾ;s,©ᑮ2/3Ḅ£Eᙠ¨ᔾ;s,©ᑮ1/4Ḅ£18.Ok¬ឋ<ᜧ®ᙢ°±ᨵI⁚@ᨬ0A.CAO³⊈B᠒ឋOCODᾦ¶OEញឋO19.Ok·0ᵨḄ©!¹º-.CA»¼©!ºB½ᢣ©!ºCᓫ¼©!ºDÀÁ©!ºEÂ&©!º20.O-⚠☟ᾭÆÇ[□ឋᨬ0APᑡRSc.DAÉÊ⊦ÌBl;

32BញឋCញឋDញឋ▋LEញឋ᫱24.Ù)ÚÛ0A.DAῳBÜÝCÞßឋ᫱Dញឋ
IEàá⊈â25.ὅᵱ35|ῳ&ᒓäå5æsçᕏᔢg᣸;ῳ஺ῳ&"#+éêë)Ù)8ì/ᑖὅᨬ,Ḅ!.BAញឋBញឋÞßឋ᫱Cញឋ
D᫱Eញឋ26.Courvoisier[□ឋAPᑡïSc.CAញឋBញឋÞßឋ᫱CᜮñòóôD᫱Eញឋ27.ὅ᝕40|$öឋῳ5஺1ᕜᩭῳ&åᔣmø&ùᦣçûüஹ$þῳ&"#mÿ
17cmX4cmX2cmḄᒹᙽ,⊤☢ᐝᕈឋ஺ὅ
ḄEAញឋ!B"᫱$Cញឋ%!D&'᫱$Eញឋ(!28.ὅᵱ35,-ῳ/01ឋ253456789஺1ᕜ;ᩭ=>12?@A89-ῳ3BCDὅEFGHᯠ89ᢝKឋᒓMῳ;-ῳNOPQᦢSᔾῳ/UVWXῳᐰῳZ+\,]^+,_`abcᜫ"eafg஺ὅ
ḄCAញឋ!B"᫱$

33Cᓝiᢣ"ᳫ/lmញឋnoD&'᫱$Eញឋ(!29._pCqrsᵨ5ᑡvwxyBAῳz!C_pBᜧ|ῳ}C_pC~ὅḄ_pDᓫQCEQC30._◫5ᑡvwDAញឋ_!B_ᓄCᾦ_D_ᒹE_31.ῳῚῳῚ␺ᑡv⚗ᨬᨵEAῳ/᜜BῳC¡¢V£Cᐸ᝱ᨵ¦ᦋ¨D_`abᦋ¨E¡¢ឋ`a32.ᕏ⊈ᨬ«Ḅ¬®DA%Bញឋ%¯z¨CF°ᡈ%²☟ᾭµẚ·DcᓄឋlmE_33.ᑡvw
;89᠒ឋῳCAញឋ"!Bញឋ!CcᓄឋlmD%"noE"ᝅº34.ᑡv⚗Q»¼VឋῳḄᱯ?DA¾£¿ÀBÁÂᒓMÃᢝKC
ᨵÄ/ῳÅÆÇ

34D2/£QÀᑗEῳ
ÉÊஹV£ᦋ¨ÃÌP35.ᕏᔢᜧ|⏚ÏÐF
5DAញឋ!B"᫱$Cញឋ%!D&'᫱$Eញឋ(!36.◚ឋÒÓ®ᢣ(ÔÕBA<17.1umol/LB17.1-34.2Umol/LC>34.2nmol/LD>44.2nmol/LE1.71-3.42ymol/L37.ᐵ5ᕏ⊈ᑡ×Øv⚗ᙠÚÛ
DAᨬ4cᓄឋlmB8⊈Dᨵ-ῳ/Q〉ஹូÞஹᕏᔢßC8⊈àáᕏ8D8⊈Dᨵᗕ/ãäஹÉÊßE⊈OåᨵFᱥçè%38.ᑡvéêëì⊈ឋí⊈CAGilbertîᔠðBDubin-JohnsonîᔠðC⍡òឋᳫÔóôõ4öDRotorîᔠðECrigler-Najiarîᔠð39.÷øÂùᜧ«5AA᠒ឋúóôû⊈B_ᓄC᠒ឋì⊈ឋÒÓDញឋ_!E᠒ឋ_!40.ᙳᒴVὅḄN«_pᙠA┝ÿ
ᙠBA7B5C6D8

35E9B⚪Aῳᨵᡈ᷈BῳῚᜧCῳῚᜧDῳῚᜧ᷈EῳḄᱥ41.#ῳ$%&ᑡ()*+A42.,ῳ$%&ᑡ()*+B43.ᳫ.ῳ$%()*+CAMeburney/B0/CῪ/D234/E234/44.ᾮ6789:;
ஹ᜜1/3>ᜐA45.ᾮ@A
ῳBC᜜DᜐD46.EF1260GḄᜳI⚔/B47.EF126ῪC᜜DḄᜳI⚔/CAKᾱឋN⊈PBᨩR⁐T⏓᪵Ḅᾱ⊈PCWX᪵PDYᾙ@᪵⊈PE᣸P\ᨵN⊈]^48.`4ab:
E49.defgaB50.ញឋ^⊈ឋijឋklD0G6mnஹopqrs[A]1.u&vwxyzḄ{Ay|}0G~Bឋ~0G᪀|Cᘤឋᦋsy

36Dy|}0GᨵmᳮE0G᪶$ᡂIᶚ.2.u&◀᜜⚗ᙳᵨ%ῪḄsA᤯᤮¢£B¥ᱥ¢£CB§¨©¢£Dª⚠¢£E¬⚠¢£3.®¯op°xᒹ²A³´µ¶Bᓷ¸µ¶C¹ºᑜ¼µ¶D½¾¢£E¿µ¶4.u&)vw┯ÂAopÃÄ--Ί&ᚖByopÃÄ-ÈÉÊCËopÃÄÈ-Ì.ÊDᾢᐵ⁚\ῃ--ᡂIᶚ.ECollesÕᢚ--⚶Ø᪵ᶚ.5.u&ᐵ%CÚḄvw⚗xyzA0ÜÝᐰßàB1Ünsᙠâ☢@AäåC3Üns¨æâ☢çxᢙéÚD5Üy|CÚE2Ünsᙠâ☢@Aäåêçx¨æâ☢6.쵶xᒹ²AIµ¶BíC¿µ¶DﵶE`ðµ¶7.u&⚗ò%bᳮµ¶AóΎµ¶BIµ¶CBabinskiúDᾯüýú

37E¿µ¶8.u&ÿ⚝ᳫAஹ᜜ஹBஹ☢ஹC᜜ஹஹ1ஹ᜜ஹEஹஹ9.◀⚗᜜ᙳ!ᵨ#ᐳ%ᜫ'Ḅ)*Aᢣ,-..B/0-2-3-.C45678D:;?10.ABCᔠEFAG)FBHFCIJF1KLFEMFNᫀ:1ஹC2ஹD3ஹE4ஹD5ஹB6ஹC7ஹC8ஹA9ஹD10ஹA