上海市普陀区2021届高三英语二模试题Word版含解析

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普陀区2020学年高三第二学期质量调研英语试卷1.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleangersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmostprobablydo?A.Abookseller.B.Ascientist.C.Areader.D.Awriter.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Hi!Ihavereadallyourbooks.Youhavejustwrittenanewone,haven'tyou?M:Yes,it'saboutafamousscientistandwillbetranslatedintoChineseandFrench.Q:Whatdoesthemanmostprobablydo?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inthedepartmentstore.B.Inthelaundry.C.Atthedentist's.D.Atthechemist's.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Do1needtocomebackforfurthertreatment?W:No,butyouneedtocomeandhaveyourteethcleanedregularly.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Impatient.B.Worried.C.Happy.D.Active.【答案】A

1【解析】【原文】W:Sorrysir,yourroomwillbereadysoon.M:Don'tyouunderstand?IfeeltiredandIwanttohavearestimmediately.Q:Howdoesthemanfeel?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Jackwon'tlistentoheradvice.B.JackhasbeentoUSAbefore.C.Shedoesn'tthinkJackshouldworkoverseas.D.ShetrustsJackforhisdecision.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IhearthatJackisplanningtoworkintheUSA.W:Really?Believeme!I’lltrytotalkhimoutofit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What'stheman'sproblem?A.Hemisplacedhisclassmate'scalculator.B.Helosthisbuttons.C.Hebrokethewoman'scalculator.D.Hehadanaccident.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoubringmycalculatorbacktome?Ineeditformychemistryexercises.M:Sony,1droppeditbyaccidentandnowsomebuttonsdon'tlightup.Q:What'stheman'sproblem?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shecouldn’tfindtheexampaper.B.Sheisn’tallowedtorevealthegrades.C.Dr.Wanghasn’tfinishedthegrading.D.Dr.Wangisn’tavailableatthemoment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MissLi,1waswonderingifyoucouldfindouthowIdidinthisfinalexam.

2W:SorryDoctorWangisnotinandI'mnotinthepositiontogiveoutthatkindofinformation.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanislookingforsandwich.B.Thewomantriestobuythemansomefood.C.Themanisn’tinfavorofsandwich.D.Themancan’tdecidewhattoeat.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Jim,you’vebeenstandinginfrontofthatsandwichcounterforlong.M:Sorry,ifonlytherewerefewerchoicesforme.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Therestaurantisn'tusuallysoempty.B.Dessertisservedintherestaurant.C.Therestaurantisclosetothelibrary.D.Foodisn'tallowedinthelibrary.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sofewpeople!Isthisrestaurantalwaysdeserted?W:No.It'stheendofthesemester.Everyoneisbusyworkinginthelibrary.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethetwospeakersmostprobablygoingtodo?A.Tomovetoaneatdormitory.B.Tofindapersontosharetheapartment.C.Tocleantheroomtogether.D.Towriteanarticleabouttheirroommate.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Allweneedisaroommatewhoisneatandclean.M:Let’swritetheinformationintheadvertisement—Neatness,amust.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmostprobablygoingtodo?

310.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanmostprobablydo?A.Takehermotorbiketotherepairshop.B.Leavehermotorbikeoutside.C.Cleanthemotorbikeaftertherainstops.D.Checkifthemotorbikestillworks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Look!It'sgoingtopour.You'dbettertakeyourmotorbiketothegarage.W:Whybother?It'sabitold,butitcanstandthewind,therainandthesun.Q:Whatwillthewomanmostprobablydo?Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleangersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.What'sthedisadvantageofwearingamaskduringexercise?A.Passingthediseaseon.B.Placingnopressureonairflow.C.Reducingbreathingrate.D.Increasingairresistance.12.Whichofthefollowingmaybetrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Footballplayersmaywearmasksduringthematch.B.Professionalathletesarenotencouragedtoresumetraining.C.Athletestraininginmasksmayresultinveryrelaxedbreathing.D.Workingwithamasksolvesathletes'breathingproblems.13.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thecoronavirushasanimpactonsports.B.Exercisingwithamaskonisnotgoodforhealth.C.TheTokyoOlympicGameshadtobepostponed.D.Athletesresumedtrainingandcompetition.【答案】11.D12.A13.B【解析】

4【原文】ThecoronavirusbegantoafleetsportingeventsasearlyasJanuary30,2020.TwomonthslateritwasrevealedthattheTokyoOlympicGameswouldbepostponeduntilthesummerof2021—thefirstpostponementinmodemOlympichistory.Sportingadministratorsareonlynowexploringwaystoenableareturntotrainingandcompetitionatbothprofessionalandamateurlevels,butthereareseveralchallenges,oneofwhichisaroundbreathing.Whenplayingsports,breathingisfasterandharderthanatrest,whichincreasestheriskofpassingthediseaseon.Asaresult,footballisconsideringintroducingfacemasks.Yetamaskmakesithardertotakeinthequantityofairneededtoperformatthehighestlevels.Weknowthatwearingasurgicalmaskcanincreasetheresistancetoairflow.Exerciseleadstofasterandharderbreath,sowearingamaskduringexerciseplacesafurtherstrainonairflow.Whenwedoheavyexercise,whathappensifthecarbondioxideistrappedbythemask?Asyoumovefrommoderatetoheavyexercise,youmaybere-breathingcarbondioxide,whichcanreducecognitivefunctionandincreasebreathingrate.Theremayalsobelessoxygenintherecycledair,whichcouldimitateexercisingathigheraltitudes.Soitisimportantthatwegainabetterunderstandingofthelimitationsofheavyexercisewithafacemask.Questions:11.What'sthedisadvantageofwearingamaskduringexercise?12.Whichofthefollowingmaybetrueaccordingtothepassage?13.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Howmanykindsofteaarementionedinthispassage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.D.Six.15.Whatdogreenteaandblackteahaveincommon?A.CarryingthesimilarflavorB.Containingcaffeine.C.Fightingcancerandbacterialcells.D.Improvingbloodvesselfunction.16.Whichteahelpspromotefatlossaccordingtothepassage?A.Blacktea.B.Greentea.C.Darktea.D.Whitetea.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】DoyoulikeChinesetea?Teaislovedbypeopleallovertheworld.Therearefivemajortypesofteain

5China-greentea,blacktea,Oolongtea,darkteaandwhitetea,distinguishedmainlybydifferentmethodsofproduction.DrinkingteafirststartedtobecomepopularintheTangandSongDynasties,andhascontinuedintocontemporarytimes.Theflavoroftea,whichmaybedrunkweakorstrong,containsbothbitterandsweetelements.What'smore,withitsuniqueappeal,teahasbrokenfreeofitsregionoforiginandhasbeentransportedtomostpartsoftheworld.Todayourfocusisongreenteaandblacktea.Bothgreenandblackteaaremadefromtheleavesoftheteatrees.Tomakeblacktea,firstrolluptheleavesandexposethemtotheair.Thisreactioncausestheleavestoturndarkbrown,whichenhancestheflavor.Ontheotherhand,greenteaispan-friedandthusismuchlighterincolorthanblacktea.Whilegreenandblackteadiffer,theymayprovidesomeofthesamehealthbenefits.Bothgreenandblackteaarethoughttoprotectyourheartifyoudrinkregularly.Greenandblackteabothcontaincaffeine,aknownstimulant.Greenteacontainslesscaffeinethanblacktea.Caffeinestimulatesyournervoussystem.Greenteahasbeenshowntofightcancerandbacterialcellsandprotectbothyourbrainandliver.Butblackteaisunique,whichmayimprovebloodvesselfunctionandsupportfatloss.Sogreenandblackteahavesimilarhealthbenefits,includingforyourheartandbrain,butscientificevidencedoesnotstronglyfavoroneteaovertheother.Questions:14.Howmanykindsofteaarementionedinthispassage?15.Whatdogreenteaandblackteahaveincommon?16.Whichteahelpspromotefatlossaccordingtothepassage?听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Schoolmates.D.Roommates.18.Whatcanyoulearnaboutthemanintheconversation?A.Hehasn'tfinishedhispaper.B.liehasboughtalotofnewclothes.C.Heisgoingtohelpthewoman.D.Hisideasinthepaperareverynew.19.What'sthereasonoftheirmeetingProf.Li?A.ProfLiisstrictwithhisstudents.B.Prof.Lihasalotofworkingexperience.C.TheyneedProfLi'shelpontheirthesis.D.TheylikeProf.Li'sclass.20.Howdotheyfeelabouttheirgraduationpaper?A.Nervous.B.Proud.C.Anxious.D.Confident.

6【答案】17.B18.D19.C20.D【解析】【原文】A:manB:womanA:Hi,comein.B:Wow,yourapartmentisamess.A:1know,1didn'thavetimetoputthingsawaybeforeyougothere.B:Look!Arethoseallyourclothesonthecouch?A:Yes.B:Aretheyclean?A:Actuallymostofthemaredirty.Ihaven'tdonelaundryforawhile.IusuallywaituntilIcandoitatmyparent'shouse.B:MysisterandIalwaysdolaundryattheself-servicelaundrydownthestreet.Whydon'tyougothere?A:IknowIshould,butthatplaceisn'tveryconvenient.Youhavetowaitforalongtime.B:Yes,1know.1havetodoiteveryweek.Anyway,areyoureadytogo?A:No,I'mnotreadyyet.1stillhavetobrushmyteethandwashmyface.Canyouwaitforafewminutes?B:OK,butpleasehurry.Ifwegettherelate,wewon'tseeProfessorLi.Weneedhisadviceforourgraduationpaper.A:OK.Bytheway,I'vejustfinishedmypaper.Canyouproofreaditbefore1handitin?B:Sure,letmetakealook....Terrific.Yourideasaresooriginal.A:Thanks.B:Icantellyouworkedhardonit.A:Ireallydid!IstartedthinkingaboutwhatIwantedtosaylongtimeago.Whataboutyou?B:Well,thesame.Idohopeitisdefinitelyworthallthetime.A:Let'sjusthopeourprofessorwillagree.B:Itissaidthatheisaverystrictman.Heisstrictwithallhisstudents.A:Everyoneknowsthat,but1believeinwhatwecando.B:Yeah,that'swhatIthought.Pleaselistenagain.Questions:17.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?18.Whatcanyoulearnaboutthemanintheconversation?19.What'sthereasonoftheirmeetingProf.Li?

720.Howdotheyfeelabouttheirgraduationpaper?II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BuyaCupofCoffeeforaStrangerCoffeehasdevelopedrapidlyandsoonbecomeanessentialfriendandcompanionformanypeople.____21____youfirstmeether,you'lldrinkitforawhile,feelingrefreshed.Slowly,thedeeperyougo,themoreyou'llbecomeaddictedtoit,attractedbyheruniquesmell.Youcan'thelpbut____22____(follow)her,andyoualwaysthinkcoffeehasastory.Coffeecanbetracedbacktoaboutthe10thcenturyAD.Itwas____23____the16thcenturythatcoffeewasintroducedtoEurope.ThewaythatcoffeeisgrownandmadehasbeenrefinedbytheArabs,andmoderncoffeeisallbeverages(饮料).Howaboutbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeoneyou'llnevermeet?Itmaysoundlikethelatesttrendinthecoffeeculture,butasuspendedcoffeeis____24____(heartwarming)thanapopularlatte.ThetraditionborninacafeinthesouthernItaliancityofNaplesistobuyacuportwoofcoffeeinadvancefor____25____whoneeditlaterintheday.Acustomer-in-needcanthenlateraskifthereisasuspendedcoffeeavailableandhaveahotdrink____26____havingtopayforit.Itmaybehardtoimaginethatthisideahasbecomeaninternetfashion,withcountlesscoffeeshopsinEuropeandNorthAmerica____27____(participate)inthemovement.TheFacebookpagealonehasmorethan28,000“likes".Thetraditionofsuspendedcoffeeisalong-standingoneinItaly____28____increasedinpopularityaftertheSecondWorldWar.AgenceFrance-PressereportedlastweekthepracticewasstartingtobepopularinotherEuropeancountries____29____(hit)hardeconomically.Morethan150cafesinBulgariaweretakingpart.Attheverycafescustomerscanaskwhetherthereareanysuspendedcoffeesavailable,andifso,they_____30_____(supply)withabeverage,thankstothekindnessofastranger.【答案】21.When/If22.follow23.notuntil24.moreheartwarming25.those26.without27.participating

828.that/which29.hit30.aresupplied/willbesupplied【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了起源于意大利那不勒斯的“待用咖啡”的暖心故事。【21题详解】考查状语从句。句意：当/如果你第一次遇见她，你会喝一会儿，感觉神清气爽。结合句意可知，此处可用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，也可用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。首字母需大写。故填When/If。【22题详解】考查固定短语。句意：你只好跟着她，你总是想着咖啡有故事。can’thelpbutdosth.不得不做某事，只好做某事，是固定用法。故填follow。【23题详解】考查until的强调句型。句意：直到16世纪咖啡才被引进欧洲。分析句子可知，此处是not…until的强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语从句，否定词not需提前，结构为Itwas/is+notuntil+从句+that+其他。故填notuntil。【24题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：这听起来像是咖啡文化的最新趋势，但待用咖啡比受欢迎的拿铁咖啡更暖心。根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故填moreheartwarming。【25题详解】考查代词。句意：这一传统起源于意大利南部城市那不勒斯的一家咖啡馆，人们会提前买一两杯咖啡，为当天晚些时候需要的人准备。分析句子可知，空后“whoneeditlaterintheday”是一个定语从句，修饰所填词，指“当天晚些时候需要的人”，代词those符合题意。故填those。【26题详解】考查介词。句意：之后，有需要的顾客可以询问是否有待用咖啡，并免费喝上一杯热饮。结合上文“buyacuportwoofcoffeeinadvance”可知，待用咖啡已经被提前支付，所以喝待用咖啡的人不用付钱，介词without符合题意。故填without。【27题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：也许很难想象这个想法会成为一种网络时尚，欧洲和北美的无数咖啡店都参与了这一运动。此处是with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，动词participate和宾语coffeeshops之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填participating。【28题详解】

9考查定语从句。句意：待用咖啡的传统在意大利由来已久，在第二次世界大战后越来越流行。分析句子可知，空处引导一个限定性定语从句，先行词是Thetradition，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导，故填that/which。【29题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：法新社上周报道，这种做法开始在其他经济遭受重创的欧洲国家流行起来。分析句子可知，空处应填非谓语动词，hit和逻辑主语countries之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填hit。【30题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：正是在这些咖啡馆里，顾客可以问是否有待用咖啡，如果有，他们会被提供一杯饮料，这要感谢一个陌生人的好意。空前的主语they指代customers，和谓语动词supply之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，此处可使用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语是复数人称代词，故填aresupplied/willbesupplied。Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Each-wordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.targetedB.cultureC.consumptionD.interviewE.combineF.distributedG.especiallyH.competeI.extremelyJ.estimatesK.old-fashionedSpainLookstoChineseTravelersSpain'stourismindustryislookingtoChinesetouristsforitshigh-endmarket,accordingtothepresidentoftheSpain-ChinaTourismAssociation.“Itisthekindoftourismthatisnotonlyinterestedinthesun,beachandtheall-included____31____.Theyenjoygoodfood,wine,historyandnature,andthenewChinesetouristswouldalsowanttospendmoremoneyinSpain,”saidRafaelCascalesinarecent____32____withXinhua.TheSpanishbusinessleaderdescribedthe____33____Chinesetouristsasbeingyounger,moreinternational,andperhapsincludingmorewomen.“Theyalsotravelontheirownorincouplesorinsmallergroups.The____34____largegroupsofvisitorshavenotdisappeared,butthisnewformoftravelingisbecomingmoreimportant,”hesaid.Speakingofthe____35____patternofthenewkindofChinesetouriststheTourismAssociationpresidentsaid,“Themoneytheyspendis____36____betterbecausetheywillbookoneflightwithoneairline,thehotelwithanothercompanyandtherestaurantwithanother.”Inhiseyes,“Chinesetouristsareveryimportantbecausethey____37____twothings:therearealargenumber

10ofthemandtheyspendmoremoneythananyoneelse—almostfourtimesmorethantouristsfromothercountries.”TheynotonlytravelabroadinthesummermonthswhenSpainhasto____38____withthesunandbeachesincountriessuchasTurkeyandEgypt,butalsotravelintheoff-peakseasonsofayear,accordingtoCascales.Spainisthesecondmostpopulartouristdestinationintheworld,onlyafterFrance.Itattractedabout82millionvisitorsin2017,700,000ofthemfromChina,anumberwhichtheUnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganization____39____willrisetoabout1millionby2021.“Weareready;wehavetheinfrastructure(基础设施)ateverylevel,_____40_____inhotelcapacity.Herethosevisitorscanfindwhattheyarelookingfor,includingtheluxuryitemswhichdistinguishthem,”Cascalesnoted.【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.K35.C36.F37.E38.H39.J40.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。西班牙期待中国游客。西班牙—中国旅游协会主席表示，西班牙旅游业正将中国游客作为其高端市场。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：“这种旅游不仅对阳光、海滩和包罗万象的文化感兴趣。他们喜欢美食、美酒、历史和自然，而新的中国游客也希望在西班牙多花钱，”拉斐尔•卡斯卡尔斯最近在接受新华社采访时说。此处应用名词作介词in的宾语，结合句意可知指对“文化”感兴趣，名词culture符合句意。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：“这种旅游不仅对阳光、海滩和包罗万象的文化感兴趣。他们喜欢美食、美酒、历史和自然，而新的中国游客也希望在西班牙多花钱，”拉斐尔•卡斯卡尔斯最近在接受新华社采访时说。此处应用名词作介词in的宾语，根据“withXinhua”可知，此处是指是在一次“采访”中，名词interview“采访”符合句意。故选D。【33题详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：这位西班牙商业领袖称，被作为目标的中国游客更年轻、更国际化，可能还包括更多女性。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词Chinesetourists，结合句意可知是把中国游客作为目标，过去分词targeted“把……作为目标”作前置定语，符合应。故选A。【34题详解】

11考查形容词作定语。句意：老式的大群游客并没有消失，但这种新的旅游方式正变得越来越重要。此处应用形容词修饰名词groups，根据下文的“butthisnewformoftraveling”可知，形容词old-fashioned“老式的”符合句意。故选K。【35题详解】考查名词。句意：在谈到新型中国游客的消费模式时，中国旅游协会主席表示:“他们花的钱分配得更好，因为他们会在一家航空公司订一个机票，在另一家公司订酒店，在另一家公司订餐厅。”根据下文的“becausetheywillbookoneflightwithoneairline,thehotelwithanothercompanyandtherestaurantwithanother.”可知，此处是指他们的消费模式，consumption“消费”符合句意，此处用名词作定语。故选C。【36题详解】考查过去分词。句意：在谈到新型中国游客的消费模式时，中国旅游协会主席表示:“他们花的钱分配得更好，因为他们会在一家航空公司订一个机票，在另一家公司订酒店，在另一家公司订餐厅。”根据下文的“theywillbookoneflightwithoneairline,thehotelwithanothercompanyandtherestaurantwithanother.”可知，游客的钱分配的很好，结合语境和is可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，所以过去分词distributed“被分配”符合句意。故选F。【37题详解】考查一般现在时。句意：在他看来，“中国游客非常重要，因为他们把两件事结合在一起：中国游客人数众多，他们比其他任何国家的游客花的钱都多——几乎是其他国家游客的4倍。”设空处为从句谓语动词，根据下文的“therearealargenumberofthemandtheyspendmoremoneythananyoneelse”可知，此处指把两件事“结合”在一起，所以combine符合句意。故选E。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：卡斯卡斯说，他们不仅在夏季出国旅游，因为西班牙要和土耳其、埃及等国家的阳光和海滩竞争，而且还在一年的淡季旅行。分析可知，hasto后应接动词原形，结合句意此处指和阳光、沙滩“竞争”，所以动词compete“竞争”符合句意。故选H。【39题详解】考查一般现在时。句意：2017年，它吸引了约8200万游客，其中70万来自中国。联合国世界旅游组织(UnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganization)估计，到2021年，这一数字将上升至约100万。分析可知，设空处为which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，根据下文的“willrisetoabout1millionby2021.”可知该数字是预测/估计的，所以estimates“估计”符合句意。故选J。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：我们已经准备好了；我们在各个层面都有基础设施，特别是在酒店容量方面。分析可知，此处应用副词作状语，especially“特别地”符合句意，指在酒店容量方面做好了充分的准备。故选G。

12III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrase(hatbestfitsthecontext.TheBenefitsofDrinkingWaterWaterisanimportantpartofahealthydietandlifestyle,andthebenefitsofdrinkingwaterarenowadaysdrawingmoreandmoreattention.Ithelpstocleanthebody'sinteriorandalsoaidsinthe____41____ofoxygenandnutrients.Infact,nearlyeverysysteminourbodies____42____waterforproperfunctioning.Butwhatwillhappenifthewateryoudrinkeverydayisunhealthy?Inpastdecades,____43____abouttapwateranditsimpactonoverallhealthledsomepeopletoturntobottleddrinkingwaterinstead.____44____,inthosedays,therewerefewchoicesofbottledwaters.Aswehavelearnedmoreaboutthewaterwedrink,thetechnologybehinddrinkingwaterfiltersandpurificationsystemshas____45____dramatically.Therearefiltering(过滤)devicesto____46____impurities,chemicals,heavymetals,bacteriaandeverythingyoucanthinkof.Withtherightsizeandfiltercombinationforyourspecifichome,yourtapwatercanbe____47____pureandhealthy.Manypeoplewhochoosebottleddrinkingwaterunderstandthatitismoreexpensive,buttheyarestillwillingtopaytheextramoney____48____bottledwateristhoughttobesaferandhealthierthanfiltereddrinkingwater.Afterall,bottledwaterisoftenmarketedasnaturalspringwaterorpureglacierwater.____49____,fewbottledwaterscomefromnaturalsprings,andmostofthemusemunicipal(市政的)tapwater.Thecompaniesareableto_____50_____thisfalsemarketingbecausetheregulationsandstandardsforbottleddrinkingwaterarelessstrictthanthosefordomesticdrinkingsources.Sohowdoyoutellifthewateryouaredrinkingnowisreallyhealthy?Withtapwater,itis_____51_____easy.Ifyourwatercomesfromamunicipalsource,thesuppliersare_____52_____bylawtoprovideannualwaterqualityreports.Whenitcomestobottleddrinkingwaler,you'llfeelmoredifficulttoknowwhatyouaregetting.Ifthelabeldoesn'tgiveanyinformation,youcancallthe_____53_____andask.Safeandhealthydrinkingwaterhasbecomeabig_____54_____.Beforegoingoutandspendingyourhardearnedmoneyforbottleddrinkingwaterthatmaybe_____55_____ourowntapwater,itisobviouslyagoodideatodosomeresearch.Youarelikelytodecidethatapurifieristhehealthierchoiceandprovidesthebestvalueaswell.41.A.conductionB.deliveryC.combinationD.transformation42.A.reliesonB.takesupC.doeswithD.engagesin

1343.A.problemsB.concernsC.conditionsD.events44.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise45.A.satisfiedB.comfortedC.improvedD.challenged46.A.burnB.carryC.changeD.remove47.A.seeminglyB.exceptionallyC.incidentallyD.falsely48.A.thoughB.incaseC.becauseD.while49.A.InrealityB.InpersonC.InadvanceD.Inaddition50.A.comeoffB.runacrossC.putupwithD.getawaywith51.A.relativelyB.terriblyC.graduallyD.sadly52.A.requiredB.forcedC.ruledD.allowed53.A.designerB.inventorC.bottlerD.explorer54.A.challengeB.careerC.argumentD.business55.A.nolessthanB.nobetterthanC.nomorethanD.noworsethan【答案】41.B42.A43.B44.A45.C46.D47.B48.C49.A50.D51.A52.A53.C54.D55.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。现在人们越来越注意饮水健康，但其实瓶装水可能并不比自来水好。用过滤设备可以去除杂质、化学物质、重金属、细菌和你能想到的一切，反而更有助于饮水健康。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有助于清洁身体内部，也有助于氧气和营养的输送。A.conduction传导；B.delivery输送；C.combination结合；D.transformation转化。根据“oxygenandnutrients”可知，此处是指水有助于氧气和营养的输送。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我们身体的几乎所有系统都离不开水才能正常运转。A.relieson依靠；B.takesup占据；C.doeswith利用，处理；D.engagesin从事于。根据“forproperfunctioning”可知，此处是指我们的身体依靠水才能正常运转。故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去几十年里，对自来水及其对整体健康影响的担忧导致一些人转而使用瓶装饮用水。A.problems问题；B.concerns担忧；C.conditions条件；D.events事件。根据“turntobottleddrinkingwaterinstead”可知，因为担忧自来水的不好的影响，一些人转而使用瓶装饮用水。故选B。【44题详解】

14考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那些日子里，只有很少的瓶装水可供选择。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Moreover并且；D.Otherwise否则。“inthosedays,therewerefewchoicesofbottledwaters”和“Inpastdecades,concernsabouttapwateranditsimpactonoverallhealthledsomepeopletoturntobottleddrinkingwaterinstead”构成转折关系。故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们对我们所喝的水了解的越来越多，饮用水过滤器和净化系统背后的技术也得到了极大的改进。A.satisfied使满意；B.comforted安慰；C.improved改善；D.challenged挑战。根据“Aswehavelearnedmoreaboutthewaterwedrink”可知，饮用水过滤器和净化系统背后的技术也得到了极大的改进。故选C。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有过滤设备可以去除杂质、化学物质、重金属、细菌和你能想到的一切。A.burn燃烧；B.carry携带；C.change改变；D.remove去除。根据“impurities,chemicals,heavymetals,bacteria”可知，此处是指去除杂质、化学物质、重金属、细菌。故选D。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了适合你特定家庭的大小和过滤器组合，你的自来水可以非常纯净和健康。A.seemingly看来似乎；B.exceptionally异常地；C.incidentally偶然地；D.falsely错误地。根据“Withtherightsizeandfiltercombinationforyourspecifichome”可知，此处是指自来水可以非常纯净和健康。故选B。【48题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：许多选择瓶装饮用水的人知道它更贵，但他们仍然愿意支付额外的钱，因为人们认为瓶装水比过滤饮用水更安全、更健康。A.though尽管；B.incase万一；C.because因为；D.while尽管。“bottledwateristhoughttobesaferandhealthierthanfiltereddrinkingwater”是许多人仍然愿意支付额外的钱购买瓶装饮用水的原因。故选C。【49题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，很少瓶装水来自天然泉水，大多数使用的是市政自来水。A.Inreality事实上；B.Inperson亲自；C.Inadvance提前；D.Inaddition另外。根据“fewbottledwaterscomefromnaturalsprings,andmostofthemusemunicipal(市政的)tapwater”可知，这是一件事实。故选A。【50题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些公司之所以能够逃脱这种虚假营销，是因为瓶装饮用水的法规和标准没有国内饮用水来源那么严格。A.comeoff脱落；B.runacross偶然遇到；C.putupwith忍受；D.getawaywith侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱。根据“mostofthemusemunicipal(市政的)tapwater

15”可知，此处是指这些公司逃脱了这种虚假营销。故选D。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于自来水来说，这是相对容易的。A.relatively相对地；B.terribly糟糕地；C.gradually渐渐地；D.sadly伤心地。根据“Whenitcomestobottleddrinkingwaler,you'llfeelmoredifficulttoknowwhatyouaregetting.”可知，对于自来水来说，这是相对容易的。故选A。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的水来自市政供水，法律要求供应商每年提供水质报告。A.required要求；B.forced强迫；C.ruled管理；D.allowed允许。根据“bylaw”可知，此处是指法律要求供应商每年提供水质报告。故选A。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果标签上没有任何信息，你可以打电话给装瓶商询问。A.designer设计师；B.inventor发明者；C.bottler装瓶商；D.explorer探索者。根据“Whenitcomestobottleddrinkingwaler,you'llfeelmoredifficulttoknowwhatyouaregetting.”可知，此处是指打电话给装瓶商。故选C。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安全健康的饮用水已经成为一项大生意。A.challenge挑战；B.career生涯；C.argument讨论；D.business生意。根据“Afterall,bottledwaterisoftenmarketedasnaturalspringwaterorpureglacierwater.”可知，安全健康的饮用水已经成为一项大生意。故选D。【55题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在出去花你辛苦挣来的钱买瓶装水之前，做一些研究显然是一个好主意。瓶装水可能比我们自己的自来水好不了多少。A.nolessthan不少于，多达；B.nobetterthan几乎等于；C.nomorethan只是；D.noworsethan不比……坏。根据“fewbottledwaterscomefromnaturalsprings,andmostofthemusemunicipal(市政的)tapwater”可知，瓶装水可能比我们自己的自来水好不了多少。故选B。Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Arewejustthinkingwithourheads?No.Thehumanbrainisjustlikeatelephoneswitchboard(总机),butnotawholesystem.Itsfunctionistoreceiveincomingsignals,establishappropriateconnections,andsendtheinformationtoitsdestination.Inordertoprovideefficientservice,thebodymustfunctionasawhole.Butwhereisthemind?Isitinthebrain?Orthenervoussystem?Canwesaythatthemindisinaparticularplace?Infact,themindisnotathing,notaleg,andnotevenabrain.Thinkingisbothafunctionandanactivity.

16Aristotle,2300yearsago,notedthatthemindistothebodywhatthetoolistotheworker.Whenthetoolisnotinuse,thereisnowork.CharlesWoolbertsaidthatconsciousnessiswhatthebodydoes.Ifthisactivityisnecessaryforthought,itisalsonecessaryforthetransmissionofthoughtfromonepersontoanother.Observehowpeopleconducttheirdailyconversations.Ifyou'venevertakenthetroubletodothis,you'llhaveasurprisewaitingforyou,becausegoodconversationalistsarealmostalwaysinmotion.Theirheadsnoddedandnodded,sometimessoviolentlythatyouwonderedhowtheirneckscouldwithstandthestrain.Eventhelegsandfeetareactive.Asforhandsandarms,theyrarelystaystillformorethanafewsecondsatatime.Remember,thesepeoplearenotgivingspeeches.They'rejustpeople,tryingtogettheirpointsofviewacross.Theyhavenosenseofmovement.Theirlanguagehasnotbeenstudied.They'rejusthumanbeingsinahumanenvironment,tryingtoadapttothesocialenvironment.However,theirconversationisnotonlyverbal,butalsovisual,involvingalmosteverymuscleinthebody.Briefly,becausepeoplearereallythinking,thespeakermustbeeverywhereifheistosucceedingettingpeopletothink.56.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'sopinion?A.Thinkingisasocialphenomenon.B.Thinkingisjustabrainfunction.C.Thinkingisthesumtotalofbodilyactivity.D.Thinkingisafunctionofthenervoussystem.57.Tocommunication,itisnecessarynotonlytousespeech,butalso.A.tousevariousbodilymovementsB.tospeakdirectlytotheotherpersonC.tomaketheotherpersonlistenD.toobservetheotherperson'sbehavior58.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthebasicfunctionofbodilyactivityinspeechisto.A.makethelistenersdeeplymovedB.appealtothesympathyoftheaudienceC.makethespeakerunderstoodD.conveythespeaker'simpliedmeaningtothelisteners59.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe.A.SpokenLanguageB.BodilyCommunicationC.SpiritualActivityD.ProperConversation【答案】56.C57.A58.C59.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者认为肢体动作对人们的思想传递和谈话交流非常重要。

17【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第三句到最后一句“Thehumanbrainisjustlikeatelephoneswitchboard(总机),butnotawholesystem.Itsfunctionistoreceiveincomingsignals,establishappropriateconnections,andsendtheinformationtoitsdestination.Inordertoprovideefficientservice,thebodymustfunctionasawhole.(人的大脑就像一个电话总机，但不是一个完整的系统。它的功能是接收传入的信号，建立适当的连接，并将信息发送到目的地。为了提供有效的服务，身体必须作为一个整体发挥作用)”可知，作者认为思考是身体活动的总和。故选C。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段倒第二句“However,theirconversationisnotonlyverbal,butalsovisual,involvingalmosteverymuscleinthebody.(然而，他们的对话不仅是口头的，而且是视觉的，几乎涉及到身体的每一块肌肉)”可知，要交际，不仅要用语言，还要用各种肢体动作。故选A。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“They'rejustpeople,tryingtogettheirpointsofviewacross.(他们只是普通人，想要表达自己的观点)”可知，言语中身体活动的基本功能是使说话者被理解。故选C。【59题详解】标题判断题。根据第三段第二句第三句“Observehowpeopleconducttheirdailyconversations.Ifyou'venevertakenthetroubletodothis,you'llhaveasurprisewaitingforyou,becausegoodconversationalistsarealmostalwaysinmotion.(观察人们是如何进行日常对话的。如果你从来没有这样做过，你会有一个惊喜等着你，因为好的健谈者几乎总是在行动)”可知，文章主要讲述的是身体交流。故选B。(B)ThePaintCreekRecreationTrailistheflagshippathwayofaplannedtrailnetworkintheOhiocountiesofFayette,RossandHighland.Nearly35milesofpavedtrailarecurrentlyopenlinkingthecommunitiesofWashingtonCourtHouse,FrankfortandChillicothe.Thevastmajorityofthetrailoccupiesaformerrailroadcorridoracquiredbythelocalnonprofittrailsgroupin1994.However,thetraildocsleavetheoriginalcorridorwheretheright-of-waycouldnotbeacquiredfromitscurrentowners.Thediversionsarcusuallyshort,withthelongeststretchbeinga2.5milestretchofhighwaycastoftheWashingtoncourthouse.BecausemostofthetrailsthroughruralOhioaredominatedbyseeminglyendlessfields,trailusersareexposedtothesunforlongperiodsoftime.Fortunately,thepathoccasionallywindsthroughamorewooded

18corridornearlocalwaterways,suchasPaintCreekandtheSciotoRiver.ThePaintCreekRecreationTrailalsopassesthroughthedowntownareasofthethreetownsalongtheway,offeringmanyopportunitiesforrestandenergy.JustbeforeChillicothe,trailuserswillwanttostopatHopewellCultureNationalHistoricalPark.TheHopewellMoundGroup,apartoftheparkvisiblefromthetrailalongSulphurLickRoad,featuresearthworksandtombsbuiltbythelocalpeoplenearly2,000yearsago.TheexistingPaintCreekRecreationTrailwillonedaymakeasignificantcontributiontolocalleisureandtransportation.ThereareplansnowadaystodevelopnewtrailsalongformerrailroadcorridorsfromWashingtoncourthousenorthwesttotheexistingXenia-JamestownConnector,southwesttoWilmingtonandcasttoCirclevilleinPickawayCounty.60.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthetrail?A.Mostofthetrailisnotwellremodeled.B.Mostofthetrailusedtobearailwaypassage.C.Mostofthetrailgoesthroughthecentersof13towns.D.Mostofthetrailisclosetothelocalrailwaylines.61.What’stheprospectofthistrailinthefutureaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwilltakeonanewlook.B.Itwillbepartofanationalhistoricpark.C.Itwillbeboughtbyanonprofitcompany.D.Itwillplayanimportantroleinleisureandtransportation.62.Wheremightthisarticlecomefrom?A.AnAmericanwebsiteontravel.B.AnEnglishscientificmagazine.C.Alecturebyaprofessorofgeography.D.Atravelers'notebook.【答案】60.B61.D62.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要说明美国漆溪休闲小径是俄亥俄州费耶特县、罗斯县和高地县规划小径网络中的旗舰小径，沿途为人们提供了许多休闲的机会，它将在休闲和交通中发挥重要作用。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thevastmajorityofthetrailoccupiesaformerrailroadcorridoracquiredbythelocalnonprofittrailsgroupin1994(1994年，当地非营利步道集团收购了小径的大部分，这条小径曾是一条铁路通道)”可知，这条步道曾是一条铁路通道。因此，关于这条小道，下列正确的是B项“Mostofthetrailusedtobearailwaypassage(这条小道的大部分曾经是一条铁路通道)”符合题意。故选B项。

19【61题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheexistingPaintCreekRecreationTrailwillonedaymakeasignificantcontributiontolocalleisureandtransportation.(现有的漆溪游憩小径有朝一日将为当地的休闲和交通作出重大贡献)”可知，这条漆溪游憩小径将为当地的休闲和交通作出重大贡献。因此，根据文章，这条路在未来的前景是D项“Itwillplayanimportantroleinleisureandtransportation(它将在休闲和交通中发挥重要作用)”符合题意。故选D项。【62题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“BecausemostofthetrailsthroughruralOhioaredominatedbyseeminglyendlessfields(由于俄亥俄州农村的大部分小径都被似乎无边无际的田地占据……)和第四段“thePaintCreekRecreationTrailalsopassesthroughthedowntownareasofthethreetownsalongtheway,offeringmanyopportunitiesforrestandenergy(漆溪游憩小径也穿过沿途三个城镇的市区，提供了许多休闲和能源的机会)”可知，本文主要介绍了美国漆溪休闲小径沿途风景优美，为人们提供了许多休闲的机会，可推知，此文很有可能来自一个旅游网站。因此，这篇文章来自A项“AnAmericanwebsiteontravel(美国的一个旅游网站)”符合题意。故选A项。（C）AUniversalGreeting:ShakingHandsAhandshakeseemstobeanormalgesture.Infact,inthe9thcenturyBC,anancientsiteduringtherulingofShalmaneserIIIclearlyshowstwofiguresholdinghands.TheIliad,usuallydatedtothe8thcenturyBC,mentionsthattwocharacters“takingeachother'shandsandexpressingtheirloyalty,"Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquettebooksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?AccordingtoauthorTorbjornLundmarkinhisTalesofHiandBye:GreetingandPartingRitualsAroundtheWorld,theproblemcomesindifferingdefinitionsofthehandshake.Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace;KingShalmaneser111referredtoarebellioninwhichhesignedatreatywiththeKingofBabylon.IntheIliad,DiomedesandGlaucusshook,handswhentheyrealizedtheywereguest-friends,andDiomedesdeclared:"Let'snottrytokilleachother."Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardertotrace.AsaDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg—thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking—wroteinachapterofananthologycalledACulturalHistoryof

20Gesture,“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues”.Oneoftheearliestclueshecitesisa16th-centuryGermantranslationoftheFrenchwriterRabelais'sGargantuaandPantagruel.WhenonecharactermeetsGargantua,Rabelaiswrites,“Hewasgreetedbycountlesshugsandcountlessgooddays."ButaccordingtoRoodenburg,the16th-centuryGermantranslationaddedreferencestoshakinghands.ApopularsayingsuggeststhatCleland'sstatementsagainstbowingwereactuallyawishtogobacktoapotentiallytraditionalmethodofgreetinginEurope.Asthecenturiesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchicalwaysofgreeting—likebowing.AccordingtoRoodenburg,handshakingsurvivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutchtownswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafterdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent'shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.63.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeareinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovethatthehistoryofhandshakingishardtofind.B.Toillustratethathandshakingisaveryoldcustom.C.Toshowreadersthathandshakingiscommoninfiction.D.Toexplainthevalueofhandshakingincommunication.64.Whatcanwelearnabouthandshakingfromthepassage?A.Theoriginofhandshakingasaformofgreetingiseasytotrace.B.CitizensusuallyshakehandstoshowfriendlinessinHolland.C.Itwasusedonlybetweenfriendsandtoreachanagreement.D.Itisacommonpracticebetweenpeopleofdifferentsocialpositions.65.Whichofthefollowingissimilarinmeaningto"anthology"inPara.4?A.thescienceofmentalabilityB.acollectionofselectedliterarypassagesC.adailywrittenrecordofexperiencesD.allthelivingthingsofaparticularregion66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthepassage?A.ThehandshakehasdisappearedinsomeremotepartsoftheNetherlands.B.HandshakinghasdifferentmeaningsindifferentEuropeancountries.C.MostEuropeansprefertoshakehandsratherthanbow.D.Handshakesarenowcommonbetweenpeopleofdifferentpositions.【答案】63.B64.C65.B66.C

21【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“握手”这种通用的问候手势背后的起源和不同时期所代表的不同意义。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“TheIliad,usuallydatedtothe8thcenturyBC,mentionsthattwocharacters“takingeachother'shandsandexpressingtheirloyalty,"Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.(《伊利亚特》通常可以追溯到公元前8世纪，其中提到两个人物“握手表示忠诚”。几个世纪后，莎士比亚在《皆大喜》一书中写道，两个人物握手并发誓成为兄弟。握手似乎是一种古老的习俗，它的起源已经随着时间的流逝而消失了)”以及第二段“Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquettebooksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?(研究古代礼仪书籍的历史学家注意到，现代的握手直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是只在朋友之间使用的一种稍微不恰当的手势。但如果莎士比亚早在几百年前就写过握手呢？)”可推知，作者在前两段提到莎士比亚是为了说明握手是一个非常古老的习俗。故选B。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquettebooksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.(研究古代礼仪书籍的历史学家注意到，现代的握手直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是只在朋友之间使用的一种稍微不恰当的手势)”以及第三段中“Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace(上面提到的早期握手是达成协议或和平的一部分)”可知，握手只用于朋友之间和达成协议。故选C。【65题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“AsaDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg—thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking—wroteinachapterofan”以及后文“calledACulturalHistoryofGesture”可知，ACulturalHistoryofGesture是荷兰社会学家赫尔曼Roodenburg写的一部文学作品，他在这部文学选集的一个章节中写了关于握手历史的问题。故与画线词意思接近的是B选项“文学选集”。故选B。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Asthecenturiesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchicalwaysofgreeting—likebowing.AccordingtoRoodenburg,handshakingsurvivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutch

22townswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafterdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent'shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.(随着几个世纪的发展，握手被更分层次的问候方式所取代，比如鞠躬。据Roodenburg说，在一些偏远的地方，握手依然存在，比如在荷兰的一些城镇，有些人在出现分歧后会用握手来达成和平。与此同时，那些重视平等的人也会握手。后来，随着欧洲大陆的等级制度被削弱，握手成为了同等级的人们的普遍做法，就像今天一样)”可推知，大多数欧洲人喜欢握手而不是鞠躬。故选C。SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.CanWhalesAndDolphinsFightCancer?Whalesanddolphinshavebeenshowntobebetteratfightingcancerthanweare,andnowwemaybeclosertounderstandingwhycetaceans(鲸目动物)doit.Cetaceansaregenerallytheoldestlivingmammals,andsomecetaceanshavereachedtheir200thbirthday.Theirsizemeanstheirbodiescontainfarmorecellsthanthehumanbody.____67____“Ifyouhavemorecellsthatmeansthatoneofthosecellshasanincreasedriskofbecomingcancerous.”saysDanielaTejada-MartinezattheAustralUniversityofChile.“Soifyouarebigorlivelonger,youhavethousandsandmillionsofcellsthatcouldbecomeharmful.”____68____“There’sajokethatwhalesshouldbebornwithcancerandnotevenabletoexistbecausethey’rejusttoobig,”saysVincentLynchattheUniversityatBuffalo,NewYork,hesaysthereisasupertrivialexplanationforhowwhalescanexist.“Theyjustevolvedbettercancerprotectionmechanisms,”hesays.____69____Now,Tejada-Martinezandhercolleagueshavestudiedtheevolutionof1077tumorsuppressor(肿瘤抑制)genes(TSGs).Inall,theycomparedtheevolutionofthegenesin15mammalianspecies,includingsevencetaceanspecies.GenesregulatingDNAdamage,tumorspreadandtheimmunesystemwerepositivelyselectedamongthecetaceans.____70____“It’snotlikewe’regonnabetakingwhalegenesandputtingthemintohumansandmakinghumanscancerresistant,”saysLynch.“Butifyoucanfindthegenesthatplayaroleintumorsuppressioninotheranimals,andifyoucanfigureoutwhatthey’redoing,maybeyoucanmakeadrugthatcanbeusedtotreatpeople.”ATheyalsofoundcetaceansgainedandlostTSGsatarate2.4timeshigherthaninothermammals.B.Ifthewhalegenewasinjectedintothehumanbody,couldhumansfightcancer?C.SomepeopledenythatcetaceanscanincreaseTSGsfasterthanothermammals.DWhythishappensremainsamystery.

23E.Incontrast,cetaceanshavemuchlowercancerratesthanmostothermammals.F.Butwestillneedtolearnmoreaboutwhyandhowtheydidthis.【答案】67.D68.E69.F70.A【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，讲解了为什么鲸鱼和海豚比我们更擅长对抗癌症。【67题详解】上文“Theirsizemeanstheirbodiescontainfarmorecellsthanthehumanbody.”（它们的体型意味着他们的身体包含的细胞比人类的多得多。）讲的是它们的身体含的细胞比较多。D项讲述的是为什么存在这种情况，this指的是“它们含有的细胞比人类多”。承接上文。故选D。【68题详解】上文“So,ifyouarebigorlivelonger,youhavethousandsandmillionsofcellsthatcouldbecomeharmful.”（所以，如果你是大的或活得更长，你有成千上万的细胞可能成为有害的。）讲述的是人类如果是大的或者活得更长，有害细胞多。E项讲述的是鲸目动物的癌症发病率要比大多数其他哺乳动物低得多。与上文形成转折关系，符合文意。故选E。【69题详解】下文“Now,Tejada-Martinezandhercolleagueshavestudiedtheevolutionof1077tumorsuppressor(肿瘤抑制)genes(TSGs).”（现在，Tejada-Martinez和她的同事们研究了1077个肿瘤抑制基因(TSGs)的进化）。F项讲述的是但我们仍然需要更多地了解它们为什么这样做，以及它们是如何这样做的；引出下文。符合文意，故选F。【70题详解】上文“Inall,theycomparedtheevolutionofthegenesin15mammalianspecies,includingsevencetaceanspecies.GenesregulatingDNAdamage,tumorspreadandtheimmunesystemwerepositivelyselectedamongthecetaceans.”（总的来说，他们比较了15种哺乳动物的基因进化，其中包括7种鲸类动物。调节DNA损伤、肿瘤扩散和免疫系统的基因在鲸目动物中被积极选择。）讲的是研究的过程和结果。A项讲的是另外的研究成果，选项中的“alsofound”顺承上文的研究。故选A。IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.DoesKilimanjaroStillHaveItsBeauty?Kilimanjaroisawatershed(分水岭)betweenTanzaniaandKenya.Itisavolcanoandasnowymountain.Surroundedbymountainforests,Kilimanjaroishometonumerousmammals,someofwhichareendangered.

24Kilimanjarowasestablishedasanationalparkin1968andwasaddedtotheWorldHeritageListin1981.IntheTanzanians’mind,Kilimanjaroisnotjustabrightmountain,anditisalsoaninterestingmountain.Kilimanjaroisaworld-famoustouristresortwiththeworld'sexplorersandmountainenthusiastsgatheringthere.Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.Theybringwiththemlotsofwaste.Thecrowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciersaredisappearing,changingthefaceofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’mwonderingabouttheplace-otherdestinationsaredescribedaspurernaturalexperiences.However,Isoondiscoverthatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsofcampsamongtonsofrubbish.Ifindacleanmountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.ThebestofaKilimanjaroexperience,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsareregardedasspiritualplacesbymanycultures.ThisviewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroasclimbersgothroughfiveecosystemsinthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendssuddenlyat3,000meters,givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweatherchanges—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsidescoveredwiththickgrass.IcounttwelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighlanddesert:gravel(砾石)，stonesandrocks.Finally,youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewithpermanentsnowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.【答案】Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica,isaworld-famoustouristattraction.ThebeautyofKilimanjaroisbelievedtohavebeenspoiledbypollutionbecauseexplorersandclimbersthroughouttheworldgatherthereeveryyear.ButlaterKilimanjaroisfoundtoowngoodecologicalenvironmentswiththeeffortsoftheparkadministrators.So,Kilimanjarodoesn’tdeservethatkindofbadreputation.(60words)【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山，是世界闻名的旅游胜地。乞力马扎罗山的美丽被认为已经被污染破坏了，因为世界各地的探险家和登山者每年都会聚集在这里。但后来人们发现，在公园管理者的努力下，乞力马扎罗山拥有良好的生态环境。所以，乞力马扎罗山不应该有这样的坏名声。【详解】1.要点摘录①Kilimanjaroisaworld-famoustouristresortwiththeworld'sexplorersandmountainenthusiastsgatheringthere.Everyyearabout40.000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.②Theybringwiththemlotsofwaste.Thecrowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.

25③Ifindacleanmountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.ThisviewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroasclimbersgothroughfiveecosystemsinthespaceofafewkilometers.④DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句PeoplebelievethatthebeautyofKilimanjarohasbeenspoiledbypollutionbecauseexplorersandclimbersthroughouttheworldgatherthereeveryyear.ButlaterwefoundKilimanjaroownsgoodecologicalenvironmentswiththeeffortsoftheparkadministrators.【点睛】[高分句型1]Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica,isaworld-famoustouristattraction.(运用了一个简单句对第一段后半部分内容进行概括，名词短语thehighestmountaininAfrica作Kilimanjaro的同位语)[高分句型2]ThebeautyofKilimanjaroisbelievedtohavebeenspoiledbypollutionbecauseexplorersandclimbersthroughouttheworldgatherthereveryyear.(用一个简单句和原因状语句对文章第二段内容进行概括，其中because引导的原因状语从句对乞力马扎罗被污染的原因进行了说明)V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.90%的人都无法拒绝这样的一种善意。(reject)（汉译英）【答案】90%ofpeoplecan'trejectthatkindofkindness.【解析】【详解】考查数词和动词。百分数+of+名词；reject为及物动词，后接名词作宾语。根据句意，用情态动词can't。根据句意，故翻译为90%ofpeoplecan'trejectthatkindofkindness.73.在我小学的时候，我就对魔法故事深深着迷。(fascinate)（汉译英）【答案】WhenIwasinelementaryschool,Iwasdeeplyfascinatedbymagicstories.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。elementaryschool小学；befascinatedby对……着迷。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。when当……时候，引导时间状语。根据句意，故翻译为WhenIwasinelementaryschool,Iwasdeeplyfascinatedbymagicstories.

2674.将必要的书本、笔、以及其它工具放在可及的地方有利于集中学习。(withinreach)（汉译英）【答案】Keepingalltherequiredbooks,pens,andotherinstrumentswithinreachhelpsyoutostayfocusedonstudying.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、短语和动名词作主语。表示“必要的”用required；表示“可及的地方”用短语withinreach；表示“集中学习”用stayfocusedonstudying；。分析汉语原文，该句可以处理成动名词作主语，且根据句意可判定全句应使用一般现在时态。故翻译为：Keepingalltherequiredbooks,pens,andotherinstrumentswithinreachhelpsyoutostayfocusedonstudying。75.电影《心灵奇旅》(Soul)想象我们的性格是在一个卡通夏令营里产生的，那里有欢乐的小球和线条聚集在一起，形成人类灵魂。(where)（汉译英）【答案】Soulimaginesthatourpersonalitiesarecreatedatacartoonysummercamp,wherehappylittleballsandlinescometogethertoformthehumansoul.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句。表示“想象”可用动词imagine，表示“我们的性格是在一个卡通夏令营里产生的”可用宾语从句表示，从句中不缺少意思和成分，所以应用that引导，表示“性格”可用名词personality，表示“产生”可用动词create，和主语personality构成被动关系。表示“卡通夏令营”可用名词短语cartoonysummercamp，表示“那里有欢乐的小球和线条聚集在一起，形成人类灵魂”应用定语从句表示，定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为camp，所以应用where引导。表示“聚集在一起”可用动词短语cometogether，表示“形成”应用动词form。此处描述电影里的观点，应用一般现在时。再结合其它句意，故翻译为Soulimaginesthatourpersonalitiesarecreatedatacartoonysummercamp,wherehappylittleballsandlinescometogethertoformthehumansoul.VT.GuidedWriting76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese假如你是明启中学高三学生李华，你所在的学校将举行英语演讲比赛，学生会面向全体学生招募主持人。你的同班同学王海具有主持人天赋，他想竞聘但又很犹豫。请你写一份邮件给王海，鼓励他努力获得该机会。内容需包括：1.王海的困惑和你的看法；2.王海胜任的理由；

273.王海参加此活动的意义。【答案】DearWanghai,I’veheardthatyouarehesitatingtocompetethehostforanEnglishspeechcontestwhichisgoingtobeheldatourschool.Ithinkyoushouldmusterupyourcouragetotakeachance.Themostimportantreasonisthatyouhavethetalentofhost.Youarefullofenthusiasm,andIbelieveitisessentialforthiscompetition.Atthesametime,youhavegoodlungsandalwaysspeakinclarityandfluency.What’smore,doingwellinoralEnglishalsomakesyoumoresuitableforit.Lastbutnotleast,youarewellexperiencedinhostingwhichasolidbackgroundforthiscompetition.Sojusthaveatry.Itcannotonlygiveyouanopportunitytoshowyourselfbutalsoyourthoughtsaboutyourschool.I’llbethereforyouifyouhaveanyquestions.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给同学王海写封邮件，鼓励他努力竞聘英语演讲比赛主持人。【详解】1.词汇积累竞选：runfor→compete比赛：game→contest合适的：fit→suitable尝试：giveitatry=haveatry2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Youarefullofenthusiasm,andIbelieveitisessentialforthiscompetition.拓展句：Youarefullofenthusiasm,whichisessentialforthiscompetition.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’veheardthatyouarehesitatingtocompetethehostforanEnglishspeechcontestwhichisgoingtobeheldatourschool.(运用了which引导定语从句)[高分句型2]What’smore,doingwellinoralEnglishalsomakesyoumoresuitableforit.(运用了动名词作主语)