2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测（一）英语 Word版含解析

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2022～2023学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一)英语试卷本试卷共8页满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。因不考听力,试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蚀)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin£2,429£1,699Oceanviewcabin£3,229£2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.1.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist’sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.

1C.AchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.£3,229.B.£2,199.C.£.6,458D.£4,398.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.C.Tointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章是为可以参加澳大利亚西部边缘发生的日全食的海上巡航做广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.(与其他游轮不同的是，我们有著名的天文学家阿比盖尔·比尔陪同您。)”可知，专家的指导让这个游轮与众不同。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Oceanviewcabin后的“Perguestbasedontwopeoplesharing£2,199(按两人分摊每位客人2199英镑计算)”可知，夫妇两人要2199乘以2=4398英镑。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Oneofnature'smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蚀)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一——日全食——将于2023年4月20日在澳大利亚西部边缘发生，我们为你选择了享受这一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。)”可知，本文的目的是为一次特别巡游做广告。故选B。BDeveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(肾移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys—butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver(肝)forsomeoneelse’skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished,andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune(免疫的)systemisunsuited,doctorsmay

2beabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor—theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea’spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza’smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons’sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.4.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.5.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients’desperationtosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors’effortstoimproveorgantransplants.6.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother’sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsD.OrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvances【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈，并取得了成功。这一成功的案例具有积极的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneelse’s

3kidney.(Deveza提出了一个不同的计划。2017年，她开始了世界上第一次活体捐赠者之间的不同器官配对交换，用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏。)”可知，Deveza为了帮助妈妈移植合适的肾脏，用自己的一半肝脏作为交换。故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读，结合第三段的关键句“…thereareneverenoughorgans.(但器官永远都不够用)”，“peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends(肾衰竭患者越来越多地接受亲友捐赠的器官)”和“doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative(医生可能会找到成对的潜在捐赠者，他们各自可以将一个肾脏捐给对方的亲属)”可知，该段主要讲述了器官移植的现状。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.(研究小组希望这个开创性的案例能激励更多的人考虑做同样的事情。罗伯茨说，涉及两名捐赠者的直接交换每年可增加多达30例活体肝脏移植——增加10%。)”可知，他们两个的“器官互换”的成功可以对其他人产生激励作用，从而使直接交换器官的案例增加。由此可推知，这产生了令人满意的结果。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段内容“In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneelse’skidney.(2017年，她开始了世界上第一次活体捐赠者之间的不同器官配对交换，用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏。)”为核心话题，即，文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈，并取得了成功，后文则以此为延申讲述了其可能产生的积极影响。因此，选项A“MyLiver,YourKidney(我的肝，你的肾)”不仅贴合主旨，且作为标题更具有吸引力。故选A项。CIt’snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencesandcelebrities-soit’seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectourconfidence.But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.Thestudylookingathowsocialmediaaffectsbodyimagefoundthatanysocialmediaengagementwassignificantlyassociatedwithlower“appearancesatisfaction”.Additionally,itfoundthatengagingwithcontentpostedbypeopletheparticipantsknewwasmorethantwiceasdamagingaslookingatcontentpostedbystrangers,includingcelebrities.VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit’shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe’recomparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.“Onepossibleexplanationisthatpeoplemayperceiveapostshowingappearanceasbeingmuchmore

4attainableifitcomesfromsomeonetheyknow,addingexpectationorpressureonthepersonengaginginthepost,”hesaid.“Atthesametime,peoplemaybemorecriticallyengagedwithpostsbythelikesofmodelsandcelebrities,andthereforeperceivetheimagestheysharetobemoreunrealistic.“Thisisnotjustconfinedtobodyimagethough.Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers(触发)us.Maybeyou’vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.Maybe...Allthisistosaytheobvious:weonlyseepartofpeople’slives-andifit’sgettingyoudown,you’reprobablycomparingyourinsidestootherpeople’soutsides.Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.8Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.B.Friends’postsaffectusmorethancelebrities’.C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.9.WhyarewemorelikelytocomparewithourfriendsaccordingtoSwami?A.Theyserveasrolemodels.B.Weknowthewaytheylive.,C.Theirlifestylesareaccessible.D.Wearecuriousabouttheirlife.10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6probablymean?A.Restricted.B.Related.C.Devoted.D.Exposed.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Findyourdreamandfightforit.B.Stopcomparingandbeyourself.C.Begratefulandleadaperfectlife.D.Stopcomplainingandgetdowntowork.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究。新研究发现朋友的帖子对人们的影响比名人的更大，让人们更容易与朋友进行比较。但是作者建议人们放下手机，心存感激，努力过自己的生活。【8题详解】细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.(一项新的研究发现，与看名人分享的内容相比，参与朋友分享的社交媒体可能更具破坏性)”可知新研究发现朋友的帖子对我们的影响比名人的更大，故选B。

5【9题详解】推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit’shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe’recomparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.(AngliaRuskin大学社会心理学教授VirenSwami认为，这部分是因为我们知道很难获得名人或影响力的生活，但当我们将自己与朋友进行比较时，感觉我们应该或者可以像他们那样生活)”可知根据Swam的说法，我们更容易与朋友进行比较是因为他们的生活方式更容易见得到，故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。文章划线单词下一句讲到“Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers(触发)us.Maybeyou’vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.(我们的生活中都有一个领域触发了我们。也许你已经找了好几个月的新工作，你在社交媒体上发现自己，羡慕你的学校朋友，他刚刚找到了他们梦想中的角色。)”可知划线单词所在句子的意思是：但这不仅仅局限于身体形象。所以第六段中带下划线的单词可能的意思是“受限制的”，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.(每个人都有自己的奋斗，生活对任何人来说都不完美。所以，放下手机，下线，心存感激，努力过自己的生活。)”可知作者建议人们停止比较，做你自己，故选B。DGiventhatthedictionarydefinitionofcuriosityis“thedesiretoknowsomething”,itmaybeoflittlesurprisethatmuchresearchhasconcerneditsbenefitsforeducation.ConsiderastudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisin2014.Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningtheanswerstoaseriesofquestionssuchas“Whatdoestheterm‘dinosaur’actuallymean?”TheparticipantsthenlayinanfMRIbrainscanner(扫描仪)whilethesamequestionswerepresented,followedshortlyafterbytheanswers.Theparticipantswerethentestedontheirrecollectionofthefactsanhourlater.Theeffectsofcuriosityonlaterrecallwerestriking.Whentheparticipantswerehighlycuriousaboutafact,theywere30%morelikelytorecallit.Andthisseemedtocorrespondtoheightenedactivityinareasofthemidbrainthatreleasedopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisnormallyassociatedwithreward,butanimalstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhancetheformationofnewneural(神经的)connections.Itlookedasifthefeelingofcuriositywashelpingpreparethebraintoabsorbthenewandimportantinformation,andthisthenresultedinamorestablememory.Interestingly,theresearchersfoundthatthedopaminehit,arisingfrominitialcuriosity,couldevenenhancethememoryofincidentalinformationthathadnodirectrelevancetotheprimaryquestion.Todemonstratethis,theyhadpresentedrandomfacesalongsidetheanswerstothequestionsand,anhourlater,checkedwhethertheparticipantsstillrecognizedthefaces.Theanalysesshowedthattheparticipantswerefarmorelikelytorememberthefaceifithadaccompaniedaquestionthathadawakenedtheircuriosity.

6Thisadditional,andunexpected,memoryboostcouldbeextremelyusefulwheneverwe’retryingtolearnsomethingnewandcomplicated.We’reunlikely,afterall,tofindeverysingleelementofourstudiesinteresting.Butifwecandevelopsomecuriosityaboutatleastsomeofthefacts,wemayfindthattherestofthematerialalsosticksfarmoreeasily.12.Whichaspectofcuriositydidthestudyfocuson?A.Itsscientificdefinition.B.Itsuniquecharacteristics.C.Itsinfluencesonmemory.D.Itsbenefitsforbrainhealth.13.Whatwasthepurposeofpresentingquestionstotheparticipantsfirst?A.Toassesstheirlearningability.B.Toawakentheirpassionforlearning.C.Tomeasuretheircuriosityaboutthequestions.D.Torefreshtheirmemoryofextinctwildanimals.14WhatcanbelearnedaboutdopamineaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itblocksmemory.B.Itfacilitateslearning.C.Itpromotesfriendship.D.Itcuresneuraldisorder.15.Whichmessageaboutlearningdoestheunexpectedfindingdeliver?A.Generateinterestinstudy.B.Locusonessentialinformation.C.Makelearningmaterialsrelated.D.Attachimportancetomemorization.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍好奇心可以帮助记忆和提高学习兴趣。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ConsiderastudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisin2014.Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningtheanswerstoaseriesofquestions,suchas“Whatdoestheterm‘dinosaur’actuallymean?”TheparticipantsthenlayinanfMRIbrainscanner(扫描仪)whilethesamequestionswerepresented,followedshortlyafterbytheanswers.Theparticipantswerethentestedontheirrecollectionofthefactsanhourlater.(想想2014年加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究。研究人员首先要求每个参与者对一系列问题的答案进行好奇心评估，比如“‘恐龙”这个词到底是什么意思?”然后，参与者躺在核磁共振扫描仪中，同时提出同样的问题，然后很快就会给出答案。一小时后，测试参与者对这些事实的记忆。)”可知，这项研究关注的是好奇心对记忆力的影响。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningthe

7answerstoaseriesofquestions(研究人员首先要求每个参与者对一系列问题的答案进行好奇心评估)”可知，首先向参与者提出问题的目的是要衡量他们对问题的好奇心。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Dopamineisnormallyassociatedwithreward,butanimalstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhancetheformationofnewneural(神经的)connections.Itlookedasifthefeelingofcuriositywashelpingpreparethebraintoabsorbthenewandimportantinformation,andthisthenresultedinamorestablememory.(多巴胺通常与奖赏有关，但动物研究表明，它也能促进新的神经连接的形成。似乎好奇的感觉有助于大脑准备吸收新的重要信息，这会导致记忆更加稳定。)”可推断，多巴胺促进新的神经连接的形成，有助于大脑吸收新知识，导致记忆稳定，因此推断它可能有助于学习。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisadditional,andunexpected,memoryboostcouldbeextremelyusefulwheneverwe’retryingtolearnsomethingnewandcomplicated.We’reunlikely,afterall,tofindeverysingleelementofourstudiesinteresting.Butifwecandevelopsomecuriosityaboutatleastsomeofthefacts,wemayfindthattherestofthematerialalsosticksfarmoreeasily.(每当我们试图学习新的和复杂的东西时，这种额外的、意想不到的记忆增强可能会非常有用。毕竟，我们不太可能发现我们研究中的每一个元素都很有趣。但是，如果我们能对至少一些事实产生好奇心，我们可能会发现，其余的材料也更容易粘住。)”可知，这个意外的发现表明，好奇心可以激发学习兴趣。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CampingTips&TricksforaFunTripManypeopleidealizecampingtripsasbeingthiseasyeffortlessencounterwithdestinationsrichwithnaturallandscapesandnightsunderthestarstwinklingintheskyabove.____16____That’swhywe’vepreparedthebestcampingtipsforyou!Planaccordingly,andthenplanagain.Whenyou’reoutinthemiddleofnowhere,youhavetobeequippedtonature’schallenges.____17____Therefore,aplanforunexpectedweatherchangesisessentialtoasuccessfulcampingtrip.Forexample,considerpackingextrasupplierslikeblankets.Whilethatmightseemlikeahugeinconvenience,thebiggestandrealissueoccurswhenyouneedsomethingyoudon’thave.Knowwhatyouneed.____18____Notallbeginnercamperswillneedthetop-of-the-line,latestsupplies.Butyoushouldhaveatleastthebasics!Thatincludesadecenttentwithenoughroomforpeoplecampingwithyou,agoodsleepingbagappropriatefortheseason,andothersupplieslikefoodandwater.You’dbettercreateaconvenientchecklistthatlaysouteverythingthatyoushouldconsider.____19____Whenyou’refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations,andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!____20____Afirstaidkitisagreatstartingpoint,butit’scertainlynottheendofmaximizingyoursafetyefforts.Dependingonwhereyouplantocamp,you’llwanttograbtheseitemsthatcoveryouinmostemergencysituations:apocketknife,afirestarter,andasafetywhistle.

8Readytogocamping?Nowyouknowwhattoexpectandhowtoprepareforyournextcampingtrip,soyouactuallyhavefun—rainorshine!A.Alwayschooseasafecampsite.B.Neverleavehomewithoutsafetyinmind.C.Weencourageyoutocreateasafetysupplykit.D.Campingdoesn’thavetobecomplicatedorexpensive.E.Aclear3-dayforecastcaneasilyshiftintoasuddenheavyrain.F.Tomaximizeyourcomfort,alwaysbringappropriateclothesforcoldandrain.G.Butforbeginnercampers,thoseexpectationscanrapidlyturnintoamessofreality.【答案】16.G17.E18.D19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条露营小技巧：做好相应地计划A，然后还需要B计划以应对变化的自然；按需准备露营物资；永远考虑安全，应急安全包很重要。【16题详解】后文“That’swhywe’vepreparedthebestcampingtipsforyou!(这就是为什么我们为您准备了最好的露营小贴士！)”讲述的是结果：准备露营小贴士。因此，设空句应是讲述这样做的原因，呼应“why”。选项G“Butforbeginnercampers,thoseexpectationscanrapidlyturnintoamessofreality.(但对于初学露营的人来说，这些期望很快就会变成现实的混乱。)”解释了原因，且在句意上与前文构成转折关系，前后衔接紧密。故选G项。【17题详解】前文“Whenyou’reoutinthemiddleofnowhere,youhavetobeequippedtonature’schallenges.(当你身处偏僻之地时，你必须准备好迎接大自然的挑战。)”提到了“自然的挑战”，后文“Therefore,aplanforunexpectedweatherchangesisessentialtoasuccessfulcampingtrip.(因此，应对意外天气变化的计划对于成功的露营旅行至关重要。)”提到了“不可预料的天气变化”，因此，设空句应同样涉及“天气”话题，以与前后文衔接。选项E“Aclear3-dayforecastcaneasilyshiftintoasuddenheavyrain.(一个晴朗的3天预报很容易转变为突然的大雨。)”符合题意，承上启下。故选E项。【18题详解】根据主旨句“Knowwhatyouneed.(知道你需要什么。)”可知，该段讲述的是对于露营物资方面的准备，且后文“Notallbeginnercamperswillneedthetop-of-the-line,latestsupplies.Butyoushouldhaveatleastthebasics!(并非所有初学者都需要顶级的最新用品。但你至少应该有基础知识！)”讲述了“适当”这一原则，因此设空句要呼应主题“露营物质”和“适当”。选项D“Campingdoesn’thavetobecomplicatedorexpensive.(露营不必复杂或昂贵。)”贴合主题，符合分析。故选D项。【19题详解】根据后文“Whenyou’refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations.andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!(当你远离我们所依赖的主要便利设施，如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时，你应该永远记住，安全是你的第一要务！)”可知，该段强调的是“露营的安全”，设空句作为主旨句，应突出“安全”。选项B“Neverleavehome

9withoutsafetyinmind.(永远不要离开家而不考虑安全。)”符合题意，可以作为小标题。故选B项。【20题详解】根据前文“Whenyou’refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations.andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!(当你远离我们所依赖的主要便利设施，如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时，你应该永远记住，安全是你的第一要务！)”和下文“Afirstaidkitisagreatstartingpoint,butit’scertainlynottheendofmaximizingyoursafetyefforts.(急救箱是一个很好的起点，但它肯定不是最大限度地提高安全努力的终点。)”可知，作者在这里强调了外出的安全，并且提到了急救箱。由此推知，空处内容应与急救箱有关，选项C“Weencourageyoutocreateasafetysupplykit.(我们鼓励您创建一个安全供应包。)”符合分析。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growingup,myparentsneverforcedmeandmybrotheroutofourhouseinHounslow,butweweren’t____21____tolivethereforever.Myfamilyalwayshadaspecial____22____forme.Ourparentsencouragedustospendtimetogether:mealswereeatenasafamilyandTVviewingwas____23____.WhenIwenttouniversityat18,Iknewmymessystudentapartmentswere____24____-myrealhomewasbackinHounslowandIwas____25____thatIcouldreturnwheneverIwantedto.WhenIwas19,mymumpassedaway.Inthefollowingmonths,Iwouldcomeback____26____checkinginonmydadand____27____himtogoshoppingandstartcookingpropermeals.Threeyearslater,Iwas____28____andImovedback.AsIlookedforwork,Iwould____29____themealswereeatentogether._____30_____,twosadmenlivinginahousearelessofafamily.Mydadwantedmetogetonandlivemyliferatherthanstaytrappedinoursorrow.Eventually,in2018,Igota_____31_____.Itwastimeformetogain_____32_____,andIpackedupandleft.Nextyearwillbe10yearssincemymumdied.Ourfamilyhomeis_____33_____.Mymum’spictureshavebeenreplacedwithnewphotographs;herclothesandscentaregone.But,Iam_____34_____thatthingshavebecomedifferent.I’verealizedthatthehomemymumcreatedisn’tjusta(n)_____35_____-itissomethingsheinstilled(灌输)inus.21.A.encouragedB.remindedC.allowedD.persuaded22.A.planB.pullC.requestD.pressure23.A.guaranteedB.sharedC.favoredD.scheduled24.A.inconvenientB.disturbingC.ordinaryD.temporary25.A.concernedB.convincedC.gratefulD.hopeful26.A.secretlyB.hesitantlyC.regularlyD.randomly27.A.urgingB.instructingC.invitingD.forcing28.A.outoftouchB.outofworkC.indebtD.inpain29.A.pretendB.findC.believeD.ensure30.A.UnusuallyB.UnbelievablyC.UnfortunatelyD.Unexpectedly

1031.A.giftB.jobC.hobbyD.vacation32.A.experienceB.comfortC.confidenceD.independence33.A.disappearingB.strugglingC.enlargingD.changing34.A.shockedB.confusedC.gladD.nervous35.A.placeB.mealC.dreamD.image【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.C26.C27.A28.C29.D30.C31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者对他的家的喜欢，尤其对家人的思念和感恩。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我的父母从未强迫我和弟弟离开我们在洪斯洛的房子，但我们没有被鼓励永远住在那里。A.encouraged鼓励；B.reminded提醒；C.allowed允许；D.persuaded说服。根据下文“tolivethereforever”可知，虽然作者的父母从未强迫他和弟弟离开他们在洪斯洛的房子，但是也不会不让他们离开。这样上下文可以构成对比关系。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人总是对我有特别的吸引力。A.plan计划；B.pull拉力；C.request请求；D.pressure压力。根据下文“Ourparentsencouragedustospendtimetogether:mealswereeatenasafamilyandTVviewingwas____3____.”可知，作者的家人之间是很和谐温馨的，所以家对他来说有很大的吸引力。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的父母鼓励我们一起度过时光：一家人一起吃饭，一起看电视。A.guaranteed保障；B.shared分享；C.favored喜欢；D.scheduled安排。根据上文“Ourparentsencouragedustospendtimetogether:mealswereeatenasafamily”可知，作者的父母鼓励他们一起度过时光，所以应该是一家人一起吃饭，一起看电视。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我18岁上大学时，我知道我凌乱的学生公寓是临时的，我真正的家是回到洪斯洛，我很感激我可以随时回来。A.inconvenient不便的；B.disturbing令人烦扰的；C.ordinary常见的；D.temporary暂时的。根据下文“myrealhomewasbackinHounslow”可知，作者认为，凌乱的学生公寓是临时的，真正的家是在洪斯洛。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第4题详解。A.concerned关心的；B.convinced确信的；C.grateful感谢的；D.hopeful满怀希望的。根据下文“thatIcouldreturnwheneverIwantedto”可知，作者应该是很感激可以随时回家。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我会定期回来看望我的父亲，并督促他去购物，开始做适当的饭菜。A.secretly秘密地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.regularly规律地；D.randomly

11随意地。根据上文“WhenIwas19,mymumpassedaway.”可知，作者的母亲去世了，所以他应该是经常回家看父亲。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A.urging催促；B.instructing指示；C.inviting邀请；D.forcing迫使。根据上文“WhenIwas19,mymumpassedaway.Inthefollowingmonths,Iwouldcomeback____6____checkinginonmydad”可知，作者的母亲去世了，所以他应该是经常回家看父亲，并督促父亲学会照顾好自己。故选A。【28题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：三年后，我负债累累，搬了回来。A.outoftouch够不到；B.outofwork失业；C.indebt欠账；D.inpain痛苦。根据上文“WhenIwenttouniversityat18”，“Threeyearslater”和下文“AsIlookedforwork”可知，作者大学毕业要找工作，所以身上没有钱，应该是负债的情况。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我找工作的时候，我会确保一起吃饭。A.pretend假装；B.find发现；C.believe相信；D.ensure确保。根据下文“themealswereeatentogether”可知，虽然作者在找工作，但是他仍然会确保跟父亲一起吃饭。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，住在一所房子里的两个悲伤的男人不太像一个家庭。A.Unusually不寻常地；B.Unbelievably难以置信地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“twosadmenlivinginahousearelessofafamily.”可知，这样的状况对他们来说是很不幸的。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，在2018年，我获得了一份工作。A.gift礼物；B.job工作；C.hobby爱好；D.vacation假期。根据上文“AsIlookedforwork”可知，作者是要找工作。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我获得独立的时候了，我收拾行李离开了。A.experience经历；B.comfort安慰；C.confidence自信；D.independence独立。根据下文“andIpackedupandleft”可知，作者是要开始自己的独立生活了。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的家庭正在改变。A.disappearing消失；B.struggling挣扎；C.enlarging扩大；D.changing改变。根据下文“Mymum’spictureshavebeenreplacedwithnewphotographs;herclothesandscentaregone.”可知，作者的家里发生了改变。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我很高兴事情变得不同了。A.shocked震惊的；B.confused困惑的；C.glad高兴的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“I’verealizedthatthehomemymumcreatedisn’tjusta(n)____15____-itissomethingsheinstilled(灌输)inus.”可知，作者对家里的改变很满意。故选C。【35题详解】

12考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我妈妈创造的家不仅仅是一个地方，还是她灌输给我们的东西。A.place地方；B.meal饭；C.dream梦想；D.image形象。根据上文“thehomemymumcreated”可知，这里指妈妈创造的家，是一个地方。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InChongqing,amountainouscityinSouthwestChinafamousforhotpotoftenservedwithbeersorstrongtea,theparticularflavorofcoffeeisgaining____36____(popular)InDaijiaxiang,anoldcommunityinthecity,anewly-openedcoffeestreethasturnedeveryone’sheadsfor____37____(it)uniquedesignstyle.Byusingtheexistingfirstfloorsofseveraloldbuildingsasshopfronts,thenewstreethasbroughtmodernatmospheretotheagedblock____38____transformeditintoadesireddestinationamongsocialmediaenthusiasts____39____(seek)photoopportunitiesandscenicviews.WuLongquan,a30-year-oldshopowner,wasthefirstone____40____(run)acoffeeshophere.“Althoughthecommunitywasquiteold,itslocation,wonderfulriverviewandold-fashionedarchitecturalstyleallmadeit____41____(true)attractive,”Wusaid.Wuadmittedthatthisishisdreamcoffeeshop,____42____notonlyserveshigh-qualitycoffeebutisalsoanexpression____43____hispersonality.Hebelievesthateachgenerationhasitsownattitudeaboutcoffee.Inthepast,coffee____44____(consider)asonlyapromisingbusiness,butforhisgeneration,itispartoflifestylefirst,andabusinesssecond.Since2019,Wu____45____(open)fivecoffeeshopsandonebakerybusinessthatproducesfoodtogowithhiscoffee.【答案】36.popularity37.its38.and39.seeking40.torun41.truly42.which43.of44.wasconsidered45.hasopened【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了咖啡店在重庆的流行，咖啡的独特口味在重庆正越来越受欢迎。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：在重庆——中国西南部的一座山城，以火锅闻名，火锅通常配啤酒或浓茶，——独特的咖啡口味正越来越受欢迎。根据句意和空格前的动词gain以及所给形容词popular分析句子可知，空格处应该填入popular的名词形式popularity作动词gain的宾语。故填popularity。【37题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在北京的老社区戴家巷，一条新开的咖啡街以其独特的设计风格吸引了所有人的目光。根据句意和所给代词it以及空格后的style分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰后面的style。故填its。

13【38题详解】考查连词。句意：通过使用几座老建筑的现有一楼作为店面，新街道为老年人带来了现代氛围，并将其转变为社交媒体爱好者的理想目的地，以获得拍照机会和风景。根据句意和空格前的brought以及空格后的transformed分析句子可知，空格处应该填入连词and，连接brought和transformed。故填and。【39题详解】考查现在分词。句意：通过使用几座老建筑的现有一楼作为店面，新街道为老年人带来了现代氛围，并将其转变为社交媒体爱好者的理想目的地，以获得拍照机会和风景。根据句意和所给动词seek以及空格前的名词enthusiasts分析句子可知，空格处应该填入seek的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词enthusiasts；因为enthusiasts和动词seek之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词seeking作定语。故填seeking。【40题详解】考查不定式。句意：30岁的店主吴龙泉是第一个在这里开咖啡店的人。因为one前面有thefirst修饰，所以后面应该用不定式形式作定语。故填torun。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：吴说：“虽然这个社区很古老，但它的地理位置、美妙的江景和老式的建筑风格都让它非常吸引人”。根据句意和空格后的形容词attractive以及所给形容词true分析句子可知，空格处应该填入true的副词形式truly，修饰后面的形容词attractive。故填truly。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：吴承认这是他梦想中的咖啡店，这里不仅提供高品质的咖啡，也是他个性的体现。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词coffeeshop进行限定说明；该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替先行词coffeeshop在从句中作主语。故填which。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：吴承认这是他梦想中的咖啡店，这里不仅提供高品质的咖啡，也是他个性的体现。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是定语，修饰前面的名词expression，再由空格后的名词hispersonality可知，空格后应该填入一个介词表明expression和hispersonality关系，且意义为“关于，属于”，所以应该用介词of。故填of。【44题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去，咖啡被认为是一个有前途的行业，但对他这一代人来说，咖啡首先是生活方式的一部分，其次是一门生意。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由时间状语inthepast可知，句子应该用一般过去时；主语coffee和谓语动词consider之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；根据主语coffee可知，谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填wasconsidered。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：自2019年以来，吴开了五家咖啡店和一家烘焙店，为他的咖啡搭配食物。根据句意和所给动词open分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由时间状语since2019可知，句子应该用现在完成时。故填hasopened。

14第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校上周六组织高三学生参观了新北机器人制造公司(XinbeiRobots)。请你写一篇观后感,给校英文报投稿,内容包括：1.参观过程：2.你的收获和感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AVisittoXinbeiRobots________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文：LastSaturdayafternoonourschoolorganizedavisittoXinbeiRobotsforSeniorThreestudents,whichturnedouttobeaninstructiveevent.Duringthevisit,welearnedabouttheprocedureofmakingrobotsandlistenedtoalectureaboutrobots’development.Besides,themostexcitingthingwasthatweweregivenachancetointeractwiththosemultifunctionalrobots.Iwasutterlyamazedbythegreatconveniencetechnologyhasbroughttoourlifeandtookgreatprideintheadvancesourcountryhasmadeintechnology.Moreover,I’mmoredeterminedtoworkhardformydream.Iwanttobecomeascientistanddomybitforthepromisingfutureofourcountry.【解析】【导语】本篇属于应用文写作。要求向报社投稿，描述自己参观新北机器人制造公司的体验。【详解】1.词汇积累有教育意义的：instructives→educational此外：besides→what’smore机会：chance→opportunity完全地：utterly→completely2.句式拓展并列句变复合句原句：Iwanttotobecomeascientistanddomybitforthepromisingfutureofourcountry.拓展句：WhatIwanttodoistobecomeascientistanddomybitforthepromisingfutureofourcountry.【点睛】【高分句型1】LastSaturdayafternoonourschoolorganizedavisittoXinbeiRobotsforSeniorThreestudents,whichturnedouttobeaninstructiveevent.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Besides,themostexcitingthingwasthatweweregivenachancetointeractwiththose

15multifunctionalrobots.（运用了that引导的表语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iranafterthetrain,shouting,“Heymister,can’tyouseeme?”Itwashopeless,asnoconductorisgoingtoslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationseveralminuteslate.Theyabsolutelydidn’tknowhowimportantthatday,thattrainridewastome!Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewbothmyhatandmyartcasedownindepression,andsatdownonthenearestchair,wiping(擦掉)thesweatfrommyfaceandbreathingheavily.Iwouldhavetowaitawholedayforthenexttrain,andbythenmyappointmentwiththegalleryownerwouldhavegivenuponme.Perhapsitwasforthebest.Itwas,afterall,thefirsttimein40yearsanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenallmypaintings,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Disappointmentfilledmysoul.ShouldIdialthegalleryandgetaninterviewonadifferentday?ButPierreGianniwastheownerofthemostwell-knowngalleryinNewYorkCity.Whywouldhegiveararesecondchancetoanelderlynobodywhenhehadthenewest,coolestyoungartiststochoosefrom?Cometothinkofit,perhapstheseinsecuritiesweretheveryreasonIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Iwastooafraidtotry.Ifoundcountlessexcusesnottooffermyworkuptobeseenandperhapscriticized.ItoldmyselfitwouldhurttoomuchifIfailed,butthetruthwasthatIhadnevertried.Finally,Igatheredallmycouragetodialthegallery,onlytofindmyantiquecellphonehadbrokendown.ItwasattheverymomentthatIwasintotaldespairanddecidedtogohome.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文Paragraph1:SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.Iturnedaroundandsawanoldmansmilinggentlyatme.HetoldmethathehadnoticedthetroublewhichIwasinandofferedtolendmehisphone.Iwantedtoexpressmyheartfelt

16gratitudetohimbutwordsgotstuckinmythroat.Takingthephonehepassedtome,ImanagedtocollectmyselfandpluckedupmycouragetodialPierre.Afterwhatseemedlikeaneternity,thephonewaspickedup.Tomygreatrelief,Pierreagreedtopostponetheinterview.Paragraph2:ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.IwasstaringatitsgrandeurwhenPierreapproachedandwelcomedmewarmly.Severalminuteslater,withtremblinghandsIopenedmyartcaseandshowedhimmypaintingsonebyone.Pierrefixedhiseyesonmyworkswithinterest,listeningtomeattentively.Timetickingby,Igrewmoreandmoreconfidentandexcited.Helovedmyworks!Theywerescheduledtobeexhibitedonemonthlater!Iwasnevermorecertainthatwhatseemsfarbeyondissimplyaleapawayifyoudaretogiveitatry.【解析】【导语】本文以故事发展为线索展开，讲述在赶往面试的路上，作者因没赶上火车而沮丧。更让作者失望的是，他不知道画廊老板皮埃尔是否会对他的画感兴趣，给他展出的机会。当作者鼓足勇气给皮埃尔打电话时，却发现手机坏了。这时，一位老人走过来把手机借给作者。让作者欣慰的是，皮埃尔同意推迟面试。在第二天的面试中，皮埃尔表示对作者的画很感兴趣，并计划一个月后让作者展出。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“突然，我感到有人碰了碰我的肩膀。”可知，第一段可描写一位陌生人借给作者手机，作者联系上皮埃尔，皮埃尔同意推迟面试。②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上我准时到了画廊。”可知，第二段可描写作者向皮埃尔展示他的作品，皮埃尔表示对作者的画感兴趣，并计划一个月后让作者展出。2.续写线索：陌生人帮助——联系上画廊老板——同意推迟面试——参加面试、取得成功3.词汇激活行为类①推迟：postpone/putoff②到达：getto/reach/arriveat③流逝：tickby/pass/goby情绪类①感谢：expressmygratitude/showmyappreciation/begrateful②激动的：excited/thrilled【点睛】[高分句型1]HetoldmethathehadnoticedthetroublewhichIwasinandofferedtolendmehisphone.（由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Timetickingby,Igrewmoreandmoreconfidentandexcited.（timetickingby是“主语+现在分词”构成独立主格）[高分句型3]Iwasnevermorecertainthatwhatseemsfarbeyondissimplyaleapawayifyoudaretogiveitatry.（由what引导的主语从句和if引导的条件状语从句）