协联修改对灯泡贯流式机组的影响

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2019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集协联修改对灯泡贯流式机组的影响马小龙华能湖南清洁能源分公司湘祁水电站，湖南省衡阳市祁东县归阳镇421600EffectofCo-modificationonBulbTubularUnitXiaolong-MaHuanengHunanCleanEnergyBranchXiangqiHydropowerStation/GuiyangTown,QidongCounty,HengyangCity,HunanProvince.摘要：由于灯泡贯流式机组低水头、大流量的特点，使得机组运行中导叶和桨叶的协联关系对机组运行工况与效率比较敏感，通过试验改变设计协联曲线使其最优运行,一定程度上解决了机组在运行中由于水流流态不稳定等原因而导致的振动、摆度异常、声音过大的问题,同时也提高了机组的出力,具有一定的经济及社会效益。关键词：灯泡贯流式机组；协联曲线；水头；出力ABSTRACT:becauseofthecharacteristicsoflowheadandlargeflowrateofbulbtubularunit,therelationshipbetweenguidevaneandbladeissensitivetotheoperationconditionandefficiencyoftheunit.Theoptimaloperationofbulbtubularunitisachievedbychangingthedesigncurvethroughexperiments,whichsolvestheproblemscausedbyunstableflowpatterninoperationoftheunittoacertainextent.Theproblemsofvibration,abnormalswingandexcessivesoundalsoincreasetheoutputoftheunit,whichhascertaineconomicandsocialbenefits。KEYWORD:bulbtubularunit；coincidencecurve；waterleveldifference；output年利用小时3975h，年平均发电量3.18亿kW·h。0.引言水轮机型号为GZ-WP-600，单机额定出力为近年来随着我国江河上灯泡贯流式水轮机20.62MW，最大水头8.9m，额定水头7.2m，最组的开发建设不断增多,尤其是该机组的低水小水头2.5m，额定转速93.75r/min，额定流量头、大流量的特点给水轮机调节系统稳定运行带316m³/s。水轮机型号为SFWG20-64/6400，单机来了一定的困难;另外河道区段水流流态的不断额定出力20MW。调速器型号为PSWST-100-6.3，变化、机组进口水头损失等因素,对该类型机组比例数字式微机双调节调速器，导/桨叶主配直径的运行工况比较敏感,也给机组的稳定、安全运分别是100/80mm，额定油压6.3MPa。行带来较大的影响，故如何找到较好的切入点来解决这方面问题的技术课题也随之增加,同时此1.机组调节系统的协联关系类问题也是相关学者和专家关心的热点。灯泡贯流式机组导叶与桨叶关系具有协联湘祁水电站工程位于湖南省永州市祁阳县特性，在不同水头下，导叶开度与桨叶开度之间和衡阳市祁东县交界处，坝址位于湘江干流中会存在着不同的协联。反映不同水头下导叶开度游，是湘水干流梯级开发的第四级，距上游在建与桨叶开度之间的协联的组合，称为导叶与桨叶的梧溪水电站59km，距下游已建成的近尾洲电协联关系，也是一组协联曲线。站46km。坝址控制流域面积27118km²，正常蓄在水轮调节系统中，导叶与桨叶的协联关系水位75.5m，总库容3.131亿m³，电站装机容量由程序来实现。协联曲线由水轮机制造厂家提为80MW，工程以发电为主，兼顾航运、灌溉、供，在运行中是否最优，需要在现场实际中探索、交通、旅游、养殖及城镇开发等综合效益，属大总结。湘祁水电站设计协联曲线如表1。（二）型水利水电枢纽工程。电站厂房内装4在湘祁水电站机组的实际运行中，由于汛期台灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组，装机容量80MW。流量不确定性的变化、坝前机组进口处杂物的堆

12019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集积，使得在实际运行中存在着一定的水头损失，非协联工况运行状态，故会出现机组振动、摆度而水轮机的调节系统在原设计协联关系下运行，增大、运行声音异常、出力降低等问题，这些问由于水头损失在不同江河、不同电站各有不同，题也是灯泡贯流式机组普遍存在的问题。在设计阶段往往容易忽略，这样机组实际为一种表1水头（m）2.53.04.05.06.07.28.08.9导叶开度（%）桨叶开度（%）0000000001000000000200000000030000000004000003.004.105.006.0050008.7010.0013.6015.5016.9018.006012.0013.0016.2019.8023.2027.6030.6034.007021.5023.7027.0032.6038.0046.0050.3055.508034.0036.7045.1053.0063.0071.2076.2081.009051.0056.8069.7080.4086.5091.5097.6099.9999.9977.0083.0094.5099.9999.9999.9999.9999.992.协联关系曲线的修改试验及应用同时对主机厂试验得到的协联关系数据进行校对电站来讲，机组并网发电后，工程设计所核、修订。试验利用六月和九月特征水头段时间，期望达到的性能和效果也开始经受测试。如何通对4号机组分别做7.1m、7.7m、8.6m毛水头协过改变可调参数，使机组达到理想的运行状态，联试验。试验时，手动调节导叶开度，导叶开也是工程技术人员面临的一个研究课题，在现有度分别稳定分别在88.75%、83.90%、80.05%、的条件下对流态、机组的运行声音、振动、摆度、75.05%、70.04%、60.04%、50.11%、40.02%稳定出力等进行初步分析，确定通过改变机组协联参约20min，在原协联点左右手动调节4~6个桨叶数来进行试验,寻找最优运行工况。开度，桨叶开度调整步长约为5~10%，每个桨叶2.1手动破坏协联关系开度工况点稳定3~5分钟，用测试仪记录各桨叶手动破坏协联关系也就是调速器的运行方开度工况下各测点输出量。该导叶开度工况下的式由自动变为手动,然后进行定导叶变桨叶的操桨叶调节完毕后，恢复到该导叶开度下的协联桨作,寻找导叶有限高效率区间的最优桨叶开度。叶开度，投入协联运行，手动增加导叶开度进入这种试验也是对运行机组最优运行方式的测试，下一个工况，重复上述操作。试验结果如下：表27.1m水头协联试验过程中机组效率指标相对效导叶开桨叶开度有功功率蜗壳差压拦污栅压下游水位工作水头指数流量序号率3度（%）（%）（MW）(kPa)力(kPa)(m)(m)(m/s)(%)187.6318.4020.83255.7468.096.514.5697.08294.7019.8026.30254.8368.126.385.1394.77388.7584.6817.8019.98255.8068.096.514.4795.82479.7117.1618.30256.1968.076.574.2895.61574.8116.4816.69256.4568.096.584.0996.05

22019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集678.3116.8516.79256.4268.126.554.1098.43783.3617.6818.90255.8868.136.484.3598.32871.9415.9314.93256.5368.126.563.8698.5383.90965.4914.8713.07256.9068.086.633.6297.101060.4414.1111.78257.1868.096.653.4396.811154.0713.2510.46257.3668.046.723.2395.491275.4316.2515.27256.4368.126.553.9199.561380.4816.8916.73256.1668.176.474.09100.001480.0565.4914.7812.68256.7668.126.583.5698.831555.4713.3310.43257.2768.096.663.2397.081650.5012.519.27257.3468.076.693.0596.241759.0413.5210.73256.9968.136.593.2898.091869.0615.0313.26256.7068.196.503.6499.461975.0575.8115.7514.57256.5168.176.503.8299.372050.5012.339.06257.5268.096.693.0195.962140.4710.577.10257.7568.086.722.6792.452246.9211.597.95257.5468.116.672.8296.522357.5713.1910.21257.2368.116.643.2097.442470.0467.6714.3712.00256.9368.136.593.4698.642537.6810.086.41257.9368.096.732.5392.702632.709.275.75258.0168.036.802.4089.112728.288.324.61257.8968.136.692.1590.832837.689.916.04257.5268.146.642.4695.1260.042945.5210.217.02257.3968.166.602.6591.453017.636.473.27258.1568.126.721.8183.403116.166.122.83258.0868.096.751.6884.543222.607.173.62257.9468.126.701.9088.0950.113330.457.924.33257.7668.106.702.0888.93345.434.411.90258.3568.086.781.3873.89354.734.131.69258.3968.026.851.3072.733612.885.352.28258.2768.086.771.5181.8740.023720.435.962.84258.1268.106.741.6982.22381.783.781.56258.4368.076.801.2569.68表37.7m水头协联试验过程中机组效率指标拦污栅相对效导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率蜗壳差压下游水位工作水头指数流量序号压力率3（%）（%）（MW）(kPa)(m)(m)(m/s)(kPa)(%)186.7819.5222.46257.5967.687.104.7496.0187.36291.0520.7624.29257.3767.657.114.9398.09

32019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集394.6221.0025.75257.1167.677.075.0797.00481.1118.7620.32257.8367.667.154.5196.41576.8318.0018.74257.9867.667.164.3396.12676.1317.8017.80258.0767.667.174.2297.40781.8818.8019.97257.7567.637.174.4797.16886.1619.5221.45257.3967.667.104.6398.2581.97991.0520.3822.86257.1967.677.074.7899.801094.6220.8324.54256.8867.647.074.9598.471171.8617.1616.68258.1067.677.174.0897.101264.0115.7113.94258.3567.637.233.7396.361369.0616.6615.33258.1667.617.233.9297.431477.1274.7417.4516.53257.9067.617.214.0798.641581.1118.3018.28257.5867.647.144.2899.231659.0414.7212.60258.5067.667.223.5595.161754.0713.9810.94258.5467.67.283.3196.131859.7414.8311.95258.2267.587.273.4697.741966.1915.6713.38257.8967.617.213.6698.472073.0471.1616.4014.37257.7967.647.173.79100.002177.5317.2416.13257.5567.657.134.0299.702284.6817.7417.60257.2267.647.114.2098.542349.8713.119.95258.3067.687.183.1595.912444.8211.988.47258.4667.637.242.9194.122551.8913.279.95258.2667.67.253.1596.062660.4414.4811.47257.9267.617.213.3998.2369.042769.0615.5613.08257.5267.627.163.6299.552876.8315.4014.25257.4167.647.133.7794.812936.9010.557.06258.5767.677.212.6691.153028.288.725.21258.6267.67.292.2886.793136.2010.306.44258.3867.627.252.5492.783259.9644.1211.437.61258.1867.637.212.7695.113352.6711.298.53258.0467.647.192.9289.033420.517.444.25258.8067.677.242.0682.583516.166.423.47258.8267.587.331.8677.873624.087.964.31258.6867.587.322.0886.803750.1132.638.785.06258.4367.587.292.2588.673840.478.985.78258.2767.67.252.4085.28399.015.062.73258.8867.627.301.6569.51404.663.962.24259.0467.577.361.5059.524111.885.622.79258.8667.527.391.6775.364240.0220.436.373.33258.7867.537.381.8278.384328.356.643.84258.6267.567.331.9676.56442.484.042.14259.1067.577.371.4662.07

42019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集表48.6m水头协联试验过程中机组效率指标拦污栅导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率蜗壳差压下游水位工作水头指数流量相对效率序号压力（%）（%）（MW）(kPa)(m)(m)(m3/s)(%)(kPa)173.4119.9315.79260.1466.918.143.9798.40279.0920.6717.31259.9866.928.114.1697.78378.5969.7418.8214.55260.4266.878.203.8196.00464.7917.7913.21260.5066.948.143.6395.97559.8216.7612.06260.6566.938.173.4794.33661.2217.2011.87260.7166.958.153.4597.73766.2718.1113.09260.4966.958.133.6298.26873.9771.2418.9014.17260.3566.988.093.7699.12976.2119.8915.53260.1466.998.063.94100.001056.9416.2011.07260.7766.968.153.3395.361149.1014.658.96261.1266.958.202.9995.291254.1515.569.88260.9366.968.173.1496.751359.1216.4611.01260.7666.988.133.3297.431464.0917.2711.96260.6167.028.073.4698.7468.891569.1418.1412.98260.45678.083.6099.501674.0418.7014.05260.3466.958.123.7598.101779.0919.1615.05260.2866.998.073.8897.681839.8513.127.61261.2066.958.202.7692.541939.0712.446.96261.3966.938.242.6491.302046.2213.988.22261.1666.948.212.8794.782163.9655.5515.489.78260.9066.958.173.1396.682264.0916.1411.19260.7466.938.183.3494.202333.4011.326.25261.4666.928.262.5087.512424.089.334.64261.8166.98.312.1583.182533.3311.195.79261.5666.888.312.4189.302655.0339.8511.846.50261.5766.888.312.5589.192747.0012.317.43261.4166.98.272.7287.142817.638.113.98261.9166.848.391.9977.412911.886.683.07261.9966.858.381.7572.5445.033018.338.153.73261.8466.888.341.9380.73

52019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集3126.268.954.41261.8466.888.342.1081.573234.109.575.04261.6966.868.342.2581.53333.964.972.38262.1766.848.411.5461.16表57.1m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标水导轴承垂序序导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率组合轴承水组合轴承垂组合轴承轴水导轴承水直振动号（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）向振动（μm）平振动（μm）（μm）187.6318.4017.718.2324.73105.2544.86294.7019.8024.869.0930.15131.3165.95388.7584.6817.8019.567.4423.94104.9840.34479.7117.1619.877.3322.73100.4338.93574.8116.4820.147.0920.8794.1938.85678.3116.8518.926.5418.7591.2138.58783.3617.6819.646.3619.7788.8537.91883.9071.9415.9319.746.2818.1083.4436.25965.4914.8719.876.1718.4378.7534.171060.4414.1119.836.1017.9276.4532.561154.0713.2519.535.9017.1975.9830.831275.4316.2520.715.5716.6486.1738.731380.4816.8921.485.5916.7684.5738.741480.0565.4914.7820.355.4716.7678.4534.171555.4713.3318.815.2915.7773.6629.391650.5012.5118.205.1214.7170.5326.021759.0413.5219.284.9414.4181.6428.471869.0615.0321.025.0814.8083.7631.361975.0575.8115.7521.535.1715.1184.1633.232050.5012.3319.024.6613.6276.6625.242140.4710.5718.644.4013.5866.4222.092246.9211.5919.024.5813.7377.7823.632357.5713.1918.734.4913.2077.9325.442470.0467.6714.3719.644.2412.6681.3226.802537.6810.0818.394.3113.8471.4823.012632.709.2718.414.2914.3766.2921.292728.288.3217.354.5216.0566.6322.182837.689.9117.824.3313.7774.2823.1760.042945.5210.2116.764.0012.0872.3023.253017.636.4718.584.2812.7175.8224.663150.1116.166.1217.914.5914.1776.1526.32

62019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集3222.607.1716.184.1912.2868.4223.553330.457.9218.224.4113.2484.4727.06345.434.4119.384.8615.32104.0730.29354.734.1318.614.7614.74101.4528.123612.885.3517.484.1113.2085.1826.3140.023720.435.9618.054.2313.5185.9724.27381.783.7818.985.2615.7491.1130.54表67.1m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标序转轮室径向尾水管进口导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率内配水环水内配水环垂导叶后水压序垂直振动水压脉动（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）脉动（kPa）号（μm）（kPa）187.6318.4057.5540.00261.397.2134.13294.7019.8075.1062.28254.095.9751.37388.7584.6817.8057.9037.77259.316.9129.16479.7117.1654.6239.45255.657.5928.90574.8116.4851.3442.17251.468.4432.17678.3116.8549.7440.01243.768.9129.37783.3617.6849.2539.73247.357.7326.00883.9071.9415.9346.3140.76237.429.1932.02965.4914.8744.3142.22233.2310.6434.871060.4414.1142.4637.36228.5611.2336.251154.0713.2542.4634.62223.6812.4136.201275.4316.2548.6035.94226.618.8926.551380.4816.8948.6933.88228.408.1824.391480.0565.4914.7844.5441.52223.8410.4731.951555.4713.3340.5031.74216.6712.3533.911650.5012.5138.2232.58210.5413.2933.641759.0413.5244.1132.87207.4512.3235.721869.0615.0347.2332.76210.6710.1832.481975.0575.8115.7548.2433.97212.269.3930.822050.5012.3342.2032.46202.9613.7039.302140.4710.5735.8224.38199.0815.2639.042246.9211.5941.9030.05195.1314.5038.332357.5713.1941.0528.79199.5612.8938.852470.0467.6714.3742.7629.78203.9410.8535.772537.6810.0837.3023.78193.7816.4238.862632.709.2734.6027.16192.5816.3939.732728.288.3234.2326.88178.6016.9939.6460.042837.689.9137.6924.29177.0015.8637.39

72019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集2945.5210.2136.5722.71169.0713.6738.083017.636.4739.6829.63176.3717.5643.073116.166.1239.9829.69169.8017.7444.483222.607.1735.1927.04162.8017.2439.8350.113330.457.9245.7423.63154.5515.5636.25345.434.4155.8331.06172.4718.5237.85354.734.1353.8131.72162.0218.9935.553612.885.3546.2030.28149.6417.7534.4140.023720.435.9648.3723.30135.7715.6431.83381.783.7849.2333.40167.1318.6836.89表77.7m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标序序导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率组合轴承水组合轴承垂组合轴承轴水导轴承水水导轴承垂号（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）向振动（μm）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）186.7819.5221.828.3029.32112.9169.45291.0520.7627.7010.4634.85137.94100.95387.3694.6221.0038.4511.6842.56164.96113.81481.1118.7620.057.6725.3494.9548.28576.8318.0019.877.7924.8088.8440.58676.1317.8019.577.3823.9084.5039.55781.8818.8019.926.9724.1281.0644.35886.1619.5219.836.6923.5984.0346.4881.97991.0520.3820.337.3425.3492.2458.491094.6220.8323.259.1531.56113.7388.951171.8617.1619.497.4522.9777.9437.071264.0115.7119.876.7120.7473.1932.951369.0616.6621.436.5820.9569.0832.351477.1274.7417.4522.146.6421.0576.1035.411581.1118.3023.076.3120.7174.2034.381659.0414.7218.966.3419.7967.2428.931754.0713.9817.715.8115.4069.9926.251859.7414.8319.005.8216.3571.0926.231966.1915.6721.086.1417.5174.7827.482073.0471.1616.4021.526.0617.6279.1529.612177.5317.2423.195.9417.2283.0830.112284.6817.7423.905.8516.3388.3631.412349.8713.1117.625.6914.3666.9324.622444.8211.9816.945.4215.6067.5523.072551.8913.2717.175.5313.9172.3623.6569.042660.4414.4817.825.6913.9781.0125.272769.0615.5619.345.2013.8078.9426.50

82019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集2876.8315.4019.384.8713.2078.8627.042936.9010.5516.915.3114.6660.2222.883028.288.7218.415.4315.5959.4725.143136.2010.3017.185.0314.8960.8821.663259.9644.1211.4317.745.0514.4066.7522.343352.6711.2917.214.6513.8370.5326.043420.517.4419.295.2113.4374.4525.963516.166.4219.595.4914.2781.4328.413624.087.9617.185.0713.8256.3324.383750.1132.638.7817.295.2415.4979.4124.453840.478.9818.334.7114.66108.4929.84399.015.0619.685.3113.6172.8428.23404.663.9619.405.6415.5265.1028.604111.885.6218.215.1713.9788.0827.344240.0220.436.3717.875.0315.2880.9024.384328.356.6418.034.6913.5881.9523.97442.484.0420.565.9717.1959.1429.70表87.7m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标序转轮室径向尾水管进口导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率内配水环水内配水环垂导叶后水压序垂直振动水压脉动（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）脉动（kPa）号（μm）（kPa）186.7819.5270.5136.83395.7313.0312.68291.0520.7686.1055.19390.278.8013.36387.3694.6221.00100.5064.90387.078.6413.74481.1118.7656.1525.91387.729.5612.91576.8318.0051.9422.73383.5510.3814.28676.1317.8050.3222.16364.3810.8013.91781.8818.8049.3425.28377.949.9512.09886.1619.5250.6525.94378.439.4711.0481.97991.0520.3857.8732.31381.838.9111.271094.6220.8369.1148.17374.158.5712.271171.8617.1646.1421.59370.3011.6214.771264.0115.7145.4118.56344.5812.8515.421369.0616.6644.0418.73349.5011.8113.421477.1274.7417.4548.3820.57338.2710.8812.191581.1118.3048.8120.40344.929.6810.361659.0414.7242.8215.89341.2813.9517.591754.0713.9841.6713.99325.9514.7418.881859.7414.8343.2414.61330.3313.8416.911966.1915.6746.8316.02326.4812.5013.702073.0471.1616.4048.7917.24323.1812.0412.382177.5317.2451.3617.88320.9110.6010.312284.6817.7456.2819.40316.919.178.032349.8713.1141.3112.40329.1515.1721.03

92019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集2444.8211.9841.3512.09322.4416.3723.812551.8913.2742.4512.50316.5414.9519.772660.4414.4845.6513.88306.7013.5815.4269.042769.0615.5647.5614.84307.7411.8311.362876.8315.4048.0215.25318.7710.098.642936.9010.5539.1211.76328.3417.2823.953028.288.7237.6212.38320.3318.4522.013136.2010.3037.9410.97314.4817.8121.273259.9644.1211.4339.3511.31305.3315.8719.453352.6711.2941.4311.65303.5613.5816.363420.517.4446.1914.05318.8018.9321.153516.166.4251.0115.93310.2119.3422.013624.087.9635.2411.44297.6018.3419.693750.1132.638.7845.8712.83302.6816.6716.593840.478.9860.8614.49291.6414.6314.59399.015.0645.2016.54309.9619.8922.72404.663.9639.2415.90302.4420.6824.074111.885.6255.2914.64281.1019.2218.584240.0220.436.3752.0613.07285.6317.5715.424328.356.6449.6212.31269.0114.9911.45442.484.0437.2916.89338.4120.9122.74表98.6m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标序序导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率组合轴承水组合轴承垂组合轴承轴水导轴承水水导轴承垂号（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）向振动（μm）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）173.4119.9324.109.2933.43107.0362.35279.0920.6724.7410.6233.02116.4278.29378.5969.7418.8223.198.3234.6292.6154.71464.7917.7922.877.9732.4284.7247.73559.8216.7620.617.1628.2373.8741.40661.2217.2021.337.1628.1774.8040.50766.2718.1123.727.8231.2080.5244.08873.9771.2418.9024.768.3333.1984.7748.52976.2119.8925.048.6333.5687.5351.161056.9416.2020.186.8122.5768.0337.101149.1014.6517.856.2616.2770.8332.001254.1515.5618.506.8117.8268.0532.911359.1216.4620.277.0823.3271.9933.341464.0917.2720.946.9327.2974.2436.0068.891569.1418.1421.627.4029.9177.6035.651674.0418.7021.907.0028.7980.6538.141779.0919.1621.116.3724.4080.3335.901839.8513.1219.665.6717.4982.6631.421963.9639.0712.4420.435.6419.3488.8931.71

102019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集2046.2213.9819.246.0820.5172.7128.032155.5515.4817.256.6716.5879.7530.462264.0916.1416.895.3414.6578.0028.072333.4011.3219.565.6716.4789.2833.522424.089.3320.116.1116.9578.8634.922533.3311.1920.725.6718.2493.1031.372655.0339.8511.8418.275.6118.3271.0029.662747.0012.3117.925.3815.2678.7930.502817.638.1119.566.0013.4475.6633.8919.746.2716.1066.4232.502911.886.6820.145.8214.7885.3132.113018.338.1545.0318.575.3413.90101.0531.123126.268.9518.065.5417.90102.1929.283234.109.57333.964.9721.936.8319.4361.0937.48表108.6m水头协联试验过程中机组稳定性振动指标序转轮室径向尾水管进口导叶开度桨叶开度有功功率内配水环水内配水环垂导叶后水压序垂直振动水压脉动（%）（%）（MW）平振动（μm）直振动（μm）脉动（kPa）号（μm）（kPa）173.4119.9364.9330.47433.8014.1315.87279.0920.6774.0836.19413.6013.5816.20378.5969.7418.8257.6025.83410.3914.9713.93464.7917.7953.1022.25401.8215.3912.98559.8216.7647.8719.00391.3316.3011.77661.2217.2048.8918.61372.2216.7212.19766.2718.1154.6621.56386.2815.6712.83873.9771.2418.9054.7323.76388.9814.9613.36976.2119.8956.4327.00387.9613.8713.141056.9416.2044.9916.99367.2217.2411.981149.1014.6545.3414.97357.7119.0911.541254.1515.5643.9916.33350.2417.7712.001359.1216.4647.2917.50357.1017.0411.551464.0917.2746.8118.99354.1816.1011.7768.891569.1418.1448.2418.86355.2315.0011.611674.0418.7048.0320.73344.5214.2111.261779.0919.1645.9420.00338.3012.719.541839.8513.1251.8513.71364.1220.1312.491939.0712.4454.2414.61358.2620.5112.292046.2213.9849.4414.87345.7819.2012.1863.962155.5515.4847.1416.52338.9817.9011.522264.0916.1443.2214.72308.9414.958.95

112019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集2333.4011.3256.9915.23357.4721.2613.562424.089.3353.4817.46331.9322.5114.602533.3311.1957.9414.23345.2121.1812.382655.0339.8511.8449.8713.84324.4919.6611.772747.0012.3149.2614.22312.1517.7410.882817.638.1151.9716.84354.0123.4616.432911.886.6846.3316.32337.8223.5417.303018.338.1554.9316.95313.0222.3114.223145.0326.268.9561.8315.87295.9020.8812.343234.109.5760.8415.29287.1618.6111.33333.964.9744.6419.94360.6624.6918.702.2协联试验分析与结论指标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度69.06%为最优协联点。协联试验综合考虑机组效率、稳定性两个方（6）导叶开度59.96%工况，效率最高点对面。经现场实测、协联关系改变时机组稳定指标应桨叶开度为44.12%，综合考虑效率和稳定性指中水导轴承水平振动变化最为敏感，因此稳定性标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度44.12%为最优协联指标主要考虑水导轴承水平振动。点。协联优化试验过程中，机组效率、有功功率（7）导叶开度50.11%工况，效率最高点对情况如表2、3、4，机组稳定性摆度指标如表5、应桨叶开度为32.63%，综合考虑效率和稳定性指6、7、8、9、10。标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度32.63%为最优协联（1）导叶开度88.75%工况，效率最高点对点。应桨叶开度为87.63%（原协联关系协联点），综（8）导叶开度40.02%工况，效率最高点对合考虑效率和稳定性指标，该导叶开度下原始协应桨叶开度为20.43%，综合考虑效率和稳定性指联（桨叶开度87.63%）即为最优协联点。标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度20.43%为最优协联（2）导叶开度81.97%工况，效率最高点对点。应桨叶开度为91.05%，综合考虑效率和稳定性因此，综合考虑机组效率、稳定性指标，在指标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度91.05%为最优协试验水头下原始协联关系与优化后协联关系对联点比见表11和图1，另外，依据工程经验，对协联（3）导叶开度77.12%工况，效率最高点对关系曲线进行平滑处理以及考虑到导协联关系应桨叶开度为81.11%，综合考虑效率和稳定性在调速器上设置的实用性，对优化后的协联关系指标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度81.11%为最优协进一步调整，在导叶开度为40.02%～87.36%时，联点。采用多项式拟合方式，得到拟合公式为:（4）导叶开度73.04%工况，效率最高点对y=-0.0012x2+0.2212x2-11.89x+217.71，其中x应桨叶开度为71.16%，综合考虑效率和稳定性为导叶开度，y为桨叶开度，单位为%，R2=0.995。指标，该导叶开度下桨叶开度71.16%为最优协在30%~40.02%、87.36%~100%导叶开度下，采联点。用线性拟合，调整后的协联关系曲线见表11和（5）导叶开度69.04%工况，效率最高点对图1。应桨叶开度为69.06%，综合考虑效率和稳定性表11实测协联关系与优化协联关系对比序实测协联关系优化协联关系优化协联关系（调整）号导叶开度（%）桨叶开度（%）导叶开度（%）桨叶开度（%）导叶开度（%）桨叶开度（%）187.3686.7887.3686.7810099.99281.9776.1381.9791.059089.80377.1264.0177.1281.118083.15473.0454.0773.0471.167067.95

122019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集569.0444.8269.0469.066047.86659.9628.2859.9644.125029.90750.1116.1650.1132.634020.39840.024.6640.0220.43300图1实测协联与优化协联比较图2.3协联试验优化后的跟踪与分析协联试验完成后，对协联关系曲线进行了修改，修改情况如下：表12优化后协联关系曲线水头（m）2.53.04.05.06.06.67.28.08.9导叶开度（%）桨叶开度（%）00000000001000000000020000000000300000000004000003.0015.3217.9418.116.0050008.7010.0013.6024.9727.9628.9418.006012.0013.0016.2019.8023.2042.7646.0147.6634.007021.5023.7027.0032.6038.0062.4565.4768.2555.508034.0036.7045.1053.0063.0077.8179.7379.8381.009051.0056.8069.7080.4086.5082.7883.0483.0899.9999.9977.0083.0094.5099.9999.9999.9999.9999.9999.99通过一年的跟踪分析，发现机组出力提升，振动及摆度下降，优化前后数据对比如下：

132019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集表13优化前后机组出力比较分析毛水头（m）导叶开度（%）优化前桨叶开度出力（MW）优化后桨叶开度出力（MW）出力提升（%）（%）（%）7.2071.3047.6010.5067.5013.2025.717.3082.8076.0015.0083.3016.006.677.5080.8071.3016.0079.2017.006.257.5070.0046.0011.0065.0015.5040.917.7040.004.104.6015.905.9028.267.7050.0015.006.6027.508.4027.277.7060.0028.378.8045.0011.6031.827.7070.0046.7012.4865.0015.0020.197.7080.0071.6016.6078.3317.505.428.3072.0047.0014.0067.6015.7012.148.4061.0028.509.8047.5012.1023.478.4063.5038.0011.0052.5013.1019.098.4074.0061.1015.6071.6016.606.418.5066.0040.0011.5057.5014.1022.618.5068.3043.0012.0061.7015.0025.008.5070.8047.0014.0066.6016.0014.298.5074.6062.6016.0072.5017.006.258.5061.0329.009.1046.8012.2534.628.6053.4018.608.0033.4010.0025.008.6056.0024.009.0038.3010.7018.898.7074.364.41671.117.27.508.8079.0070.0018.0078.0019.005.56表14优化前后机组稳定性比较分析毛水头导叶开优化前优化前优化前优化前优化后优化后优化后优化后水导振水导摆转轮室（m）度（%）桨叶开水导振水导摆转轮室桨叶开水导振水导摆转轮室动降低度降低振动降度（%）动（um）度（um）振动度（%）动（um）度（um）振动值（um）值（um）低值（um）（um）（um）7.2071.3047.6067.50782025020223889432887.3082.8076.0083.30702125120203689422877.5080.8071.3079.20722225020204492422957.5070.0046.0065.00712624920204092462907.7040.004.1015.90792225020203590422857.7050.0015.0027.50692524020223589472757.7060.0028.3745.0010040230282539128652697.7070.0046.7065.008340249202730104672797.7080.0071.6078.33692523720203089452678.3072.0047.0067.6063442342020308365264

142019年中国电机工程学会年会论文集8.4061.0028.5047.50594523020203380652648.4063.5038.0052.50684423020203078652618.4074.0061.1071.60624523020203582652658.5066.0040.0057.50644822020203584682558.5068.3043.0061.70654423020203585642658.5070.8047.0066.60614622020203881662588.5074.6062.6072.50584324020203178632718.5061.0329.0046.80614924020203581692758.6053.4018.6033.40654023024273589672658.6056.0024.0038.30574922920203077692598.7074.364.4986626171.178462302020318.8079.0070.0078.00703923031203510159265通过上述数据分析应用效果：曲线，进行现场试验、摸索及整定修改，使机组（1）发电量：根据以上试验及跟踪数据分的运行工况进一步改善，机组的效率有了一定程析，在相同水情及运行工况下，机组出力得到了度的提高，效果比较明显。为此类型机组的稳定提升，机组每年增发电量两百万度。运行提供了宝贵经验，取得了良好的社会与经济（2）机组稳定性：根据以上试验及跟踪数效益。据分析，在相同水情及运行工况下，机组水导振致谢动和摆度下降20um，转轮室下降35um，这样会本次论文的撰写中，我得到了各位专家的技术资使机组的运行工况与寿命有很大改善。料支持。不管是从开始定方向还是在查资料准备的过程中，都离不开专家的支持。在此，我对专家表示诚3.结束语挚的感谢以及真心的祝福！灯泡贯流式机组低水头，大流量的特点易于在大多江河、河段上建设运行，但也使机组对流参考文献态变化、水头损失比较敏感，会使机组运行振动[1]魏守平.现代水轮机调节技术[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社，2010.增大、声音异常、出力下降，这也是同类机组的[2]刘国选.灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组运行与检修[M].中国电力出一个难题，故关于这方面的研究存在一定空间并版，2000.[3]富旭平，郑峰.灯泡贯流式水轮机效率问题［J］.水电能源科学，具有一定的意义。自湘祁水电站首台机组成功启2008.动后，各机组在运行中也暴露出此类问题，故电作者简介：站的技术人员也同时着手这方面的研究工作，通马小龙（1988年07月出生），男，籍贯，湖北荆门，助理工程师，水轮机专业过观察分析并通过试验确定最合适的协联关系