江苏省丹阳高级中学、如皋中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语Word版含解析

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2020-2021学年度高一年级第一学期期末教学质量调研英语试题第一部分听力(共两节20题，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对活。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你那有10秒仲的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredidthecakescomefrom?A.Acolleaguemadethem.B.Theywereboughtfromashop.C.Theyweregivenbyaneighbor.2.Whatsportdidthewomanonceplay?.A.Tennis.B.Basketball.C.Tabletennis.3.Inwhatpositiondidthespeakers'teamfinish?A.Firstplace.B.Secondplace.C.Thirdplace.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:00am.B.9:00am.C.10:00am.5.Whydoesthewomanwanttogoonadiet?A.Togetthinner.B.Tobecomehealthier.C.Tosavemoney.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Accordingtotheman,whatisthebestthingabouttraveling?A.Tryingnewfoods.B.Meetingdifferentpeople.C.Visitingplacesofinterest.7.Howdoesthewomanusuallytravel?A.Bycar.B.Byair.C.Bytrain,

1听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthetopicofthedialogue?A.Atypeoffish.B.Acruelanimal.C.Abigandscaryshark.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkisstrange?A.Thatsharkscanbesmallandcute.B.Thatsharksareafraidofotherfish.C.Thatthefishareafraidoftheshark.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheblueberrycakes?A.Theyareveryexpensive.B.Theyarehisfavoritesnacks.CTheyarenotasdeliciousaschocolatechipcookies.11.whatdoesthewomansayaboutchocolatechipcookies?A.There'sashortsupplyofthem.B.There'salargesupplyofthem.C.There'salowdemandforthem.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?AShewillbuyablueberrycake.B.Shewillcatachocolatechipcookie.C.Shewillborrowsomemoneyfromtheman.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthenameof(liewoman'shusband?A.David.B.Eric.C.John.14.Themanhasaninterviewforwhatjobposition?A.Aschoolheadmaster.B.Ateacher.C.Abankmanager.15.Whydidthemanleavehislastjob?A.Hedidn'tlikethejob.B.Hemovedtoanewtown.C.Hedidn'tlikehiscolleagues.16.Whatsalaryisthemanoffered?

2A.S40.000.B.545,000.C.$50,000.所第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwillthereuniontakeplace?A.InJanuary.B.InMarch.C.InJune.18.Ifyouattendedthereunionwithaguest,howmuchwouldyoupayintotal?A.$10.B.$20.C.$40.]9.Whereisthereuniontakingplace?A.Inthefrontoffice.B.Inthecafeteria.C,Intheparkinglot.20.IfyoucallRobJones,whatareyoumostlikelytodo?A.Workasavolunteer.B.Attendthereunion.C.Calltopayforparking.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节供15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenyoutakeacloserlookatthephotosofthe36contestantsforCCTV3’stalentshowBravoYoungsters,youmayfindsomethingdifferent.Ling,onecontestantontheshow,isseeminglyperfect.The25-year-oldBeijingwomanisasocialmediainfluencer,whoserealisticappearanceiscomputergenerated(生成).YetLingbehaveslikeanactualhumansocialmediastar.Sheattendsfashionevents,promotesdesignerclothesandbrands,andsharesherlifeonSinaWeibo.“IlovetraditionalChineseculture,especiallyPekingOpera,calligraphyandtaichi.IhopethatIcaninterpret(阐释)theseartformsinmyownwayonthestage,”LingpostedonherweiboaccountonNov22.Actually,LingherselfisthebestillustrationofherloveforChinesetraditionalculture.Hername,Ling,comesfromthefeatheredheaddress(头饰)worninPekingOpera.Hervoiceinthetalentshowfollowstheschool(流派)ofthelatePekingOperamasterMeiLanfang.AndherfaceisevendesignedtolookgoodwhilewearingPekingOperamakeup.AccordingtoChenYan,founderofBeijingNextGenerationCultureMedia,thecompanybehindLing,theyaimedtobuildthevirtualidol(虚拟偶像)intoawebinfluencerinterestedinguofeng(Chinesenationalstyle).ChenZhefromthecompanyFreesFund,believesthattheriseofvirtualinfluencerswillbringopportunities.

3“Theyhavegreatadvantages.Unlikehumaninfluencerswhowillgetold,ormaybecomeinvolvedinsomesortofscandal(丑闻),digitalinfluencersareyoung,flexible,manageableandcontrollable,”hesaid.ChenYanalsopointedoutthatalthoughinfluencerslikeLingarevirtual,theirinfluenceisreal.Likeitornot,theywillbringbigchangestotheentertainmentandfashionindustriesinthenearfuture.1.WhatsetsLingapartfromtheothercontestants?A.Herpopularityonsocialmedia.B.Hercomputer-generatedexistence.C.HerseeminglyperfectappearanceD.Herlovefordesigningclothes.2.WhyisLingconsideredthebestillustrationofherloveforChinesetraditionalculture?A.LingperformsPekingOperaontheshow.B.LingdressesuplikeaPekingOperasinger.C.ShedisplaysvariousChineseculturalelements.D.LinglikespromotingChinesecultureinthevirtualworld.3.Whatadvantagedovirtualidolshaveoverhumaninfluencers?A.Theyaremoreattractiveandtalented.B.Theyactflexiblyindifferentsituations.C.Theycanbecontrolledandmanagedeasily.D.Theycanimpacttheentertainmentandfashionindustries.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟偶像对于中国传统文化的传播的影响以及虚拟偶像的优点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The25-year-oldBeijingwomanisasocialmediainfluencer,whoserealisticappearanceiscomputergenerated.（这名25岁的北京女子是一名社交媒体红人，她的真实外表是电脑合成的。）”可知，翎和其他选手不同的地方在于，她是由电脑生成的存在。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Actually,LingherselfisthebestillustrationofherloveforChinesetraditionalculture.（事实上，翎本人就是她对中国传统文化热爱的最好例证。）”以及第六段“Hername,Ling,comesfromthefeatheredheaddressworninPekingOpera.HervoiceinthetalentshowfollowstheschoolofthelatePekingOperamasterMeiLanfang.AndherfaceisevendesignedtolookgoodwhilewearingPekingOperamakeup.

4（她的名字叫翎，来自于京剧中的羽毛头饰。她在才艺表演中的声音追随了已故京剧大师梅兰芳的风格。在京剧化妆的时候，她的脸甚至被设计的看起来很美。）”可推断，翎展示了各种中国文化元素，因此被认为她是热爱中国传统文化的最佳例证。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Unlikehumaninfluencerswhowillgetold,ormaybecomeinvolvedinsomesortofscandal,digitalinfluencersareyoung,flexible,manageableandcontrollable.（与那些会变老，或可能卷入某种丑闻的真人网红不同，虚拟网红是年轻的、灵活的、可管理的和可控的。）”可知，虚拟偶像比人类有容易被管理和控制的优势。故选C项。BWenowareina“goldenage”ofspace-sampleretrieval(取回)andexploration.Spaceagenciesaroundtheworldarebusycollecting,orplanningtocollect,samplesfromcelestialbodies(天体)likeasteroids(小行星),moonsandplanets.China’sChang’e5missionisthemostrecentsample-returnmissionthathasbeensuccessfullycompleted.OnDec17,theChang’e5lunarprobe(探测器)returnedhomeandlandedintheInnerMongoliaautonomousregionafterweeksofspacetravel,ChinaDailyreported.Thiswastheworld’sfirstlunarsample-returnmissionsince1976.Themissionretrievedanincredible1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrill(钻孔机)andamechanical(机械的)arm.Anotherspacesample-returnmissionwascompletedonDec6.Japan’sHayabusa2probereturnedacapsuletoEarthcontainingvaluablesamplesfromtheasteroidRyugu.ThiswasthesecondtimeasteroidsampleshaveeverbeencollectedandbroughtbacktoEarth.ThefirstasteroidsampleswerecollectedbytheoriginalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.Therewillbemoresuchmissionsinthenearfuture.NASA’sOSIRIS-RExspacecraft,whichcollectedsamplesfromtheasteroidBennuinOctober,isexpectedtoreturntoEarthin2023.Russia’sLunar-25missionisscheduledtolaunchtothemoonin2021tocollectlunarsamples.Collectingthesesamplesfromdifferentcelestialbodiesisimportantbecausetheycanhelptoanswerquestionsthathavepuzzledscientistsforyears,suchashowlifefirstcameaboutorhowwaterappearedonourplanet.“Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluablereturnsamplesareforincreasingourunderstandingoftheoriginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceintheuniverse,andhowwecametobe,”saidAnnNguyen,aNASAplanetaryscientist.OncethespacesamplesaredeliveredtoEarth,theyarethenanalyzedwithhigh-poweredtools.Thesetoolscanhelptorevealmoredetailedinformationthanjustphotosorroboticrovers(探测车)alone.AsfortheChang’e5lunarsamples,scientistswillconductvariousanalyses,testsandexperimentsto

5determinethecomposition(构成),structureandphysicalcharacteristicsofthesamples.Thisinformationwillhelptodeepenourknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoon,aswellasoursolarsystemasawhole.Wehaveonlyjustbeguntoscratch(抓)thesurfaceofsuchcelestialbodies,bothliterallyandfiguratively(象征性地).However,wehavealreadylearnedsomuchandhavealotlefttodiscover.4.WhatdoweknowabouttheChang’e5lunarprobe?A.ItwaslaunchedonDec17.B.Itcollectedtheworld’sfirstlunarsample.C.Itbroughtback1,713gramsoflunarsamples.D.Itcompletedthemostsuccessfulmissionrecently.5.Whichofthefollowingcollectedthefirstasteroidsamples?A.Hayabusa.B.Hayabusa2.C.OSIRIS-REx.D.Russia’sLunar-25.6.Whatcanthesamplesshedlighton(阐明)?A.Theoriginoflife.B.Structureofthesolarsystem.C.Whichcelestialbodieshavewater.D.Howwaterfirstappearedonthemoon.7.Whatwillscientistsdowiththesamples?A.Analyzethemandconductexperiments.B.Determinetheirsources.C.Comparethemwithspacephotos.D.Scratchtheirsurfaces.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的太空机构对于小行星、卫星和行星等天体样本的收集。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Themissionretrievedanincredible1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillandamechanicalarm.（这次任务在钻头和机械臂的帮助下，获得了令人难以置信的1713克岩石和灰尘样本。）”可知，嫦娥五号月球探测器带回了1713克月球样本。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThefirstasteroidsampleswerecollectedbytheoriginalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.（最早的小行星样本是在2010年由隼鸟号宇宙飞船收集的。）”可知，最早的小行星样本是由隼鸟号收集的。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Collectingthesesamplesfromdifferentcelestialbodiesisimportantbecausetheycanhelptoanswerquestionsthathavepuzzledscientistsforyears,suchashowlifefirstcameaboutorhowwater

6appearedonourplanet.（从不同天体收集这些样本很重要，因为它们有助于回答困扰科学家多年的问题，比如生命最初是如何产生的，水是如何在我们的星球上出现的。）”可知，不同天体的样本能够说明生命的起源。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“AsfortheChang’e5lunarsamples,scientistswillconductvariousanalyses,testsandexperimentstodeterminethecomposition,structureandphysicalcharacteristicsofthesamples.（对于嫦娥五号月球样品，科学家们将进行各种分析、测试和实验，以确定样品的组成、结构和物理特性。）”可知，科学家们将对样品进行分析实验。故选A项。CWeknowthatartificialintelligence(AI)issmartenoughtodoafewthingsourmindscannot,andwithincredibleaccuracy.Andnow,itseemsitalsohasthecapacitytodetectlonelinessinhumans,whichisanotherwisechallengingtask.Anewstudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchoolofMedicine,US,hasshownhowAItoolscanpredictlevelsoflonelinessfromaperson’sspeechwithanaccuracyrateof94percent.Thestudyfocusedon80participantsaged66to94,apopulationparticularlyvulnerable(易受伤的；易受攻击的)toloneliness.Thesubjectswereasked20questionsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles(UCLA)LonelinessScale,whichusesafour-pointratingscale(量表)forquestionssuchas“Howoftendoyoufeelleftout?”and“Howoftendoyoufeelpartofagroupoffriends?”Theywerealsointerviewedinprivateconversations,whichwererecordedandtranscribed(转录)byresearchers.Thetranscripts(文字记录)werethenexaminedusingnaturallanguageprocessing(处理)tools,includingIBMWatsonNaturalLanguageUnderstanding(WNLU)software,toquantify(量化)expressedemotions.Theinterestingthingaboutthissystemisthatitnotonlyusesdictionary-basedmethods,suchassearchingforspecificwordsthatexpressfear,butalsopresentscorresponding(相应的)patternsbytestingthewordsusedintheresponse.VarshaBadal,thefirstauthorofthestudy,notedthattheWNLUsoftwaresystemusesdeeplearningtoextract(提取)datafromkeywords,categories,emotionsandgrammar.“Naturallanguageprocessingandmachinelearningcansystematicallyexaminelonginterviewsfrommultipleindividualsandexplorehowsubtle(微妙的)speechfeaturessuchasemotionsmayindicateloneliness,”Badalsaid.“Similaremotionanalysesbyhumanswouldbeopentobias(偏见),lackconsistency,andrequireextensive(大量的)trainingtostandardize.”

7Themorelonelyapersonfelt,thelongertheirresponsestodirectquestionsregardingloneliness.Thesystemwascapableofnotjustdetectingthedegreeoflonelinessineachsubject,butalsoshowingdifferencesbetweenthewaymenandwomenspokeaboutloneliness.Themenwerefoundtousemorefearfulandjoyfulwordsintheirresponses,whilethewomentendedtoacknowledgefeelinglonelyduringinterviews.Co-authorDilipJestesaidthattheIBM-UCSanDiegoCenterisnowexploringnaturallanguagepatternsoflonelinessandwisdom,whichareinversely(成反比地)linkedinolderadults.“Speechdatacanbecombinedwithourotherassessmentsofcognition(认知),mobility(运动),sleep,physicalactivityandmentalhealthtoimproveunderstandingofagingandtohelpcontributetosuccessfulaging,”hesaid.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?A.Itinvolved80middle-agedparticipants.B.Itcouldreachashighas90percentinaccuracy.C.ItreliedonAItoolsfromthebeginning.D.Itsoriginaldatawaspartlyfromprivateinterviews.9.HowdidtheWNLUsoftwaresystemcontributetothelonelinessstudy?A.Bydetectingspeechpatternsthatshowemotion.B.Byremovingbiasfromthetranscribingprocess.C.Bylocatingspecificwordsinlongconversations.D.Bystandardizingthetrainingofemotionanalyses.10.Whichofthefollowingisamongthefindings?A.Thedegreeoflonelinessisunrelatedtogender.B.Thewaywetalkaboutlonelinessvarieswithage.C.Lonelierpeoplehadlongerresponsesaboutloneliness.D.Womentendtobemoreoptimisticaboutloneliness.11.WhatdoesDilipJesteimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Furtherstudyisneededtoimprovethesystem’saccuracy.B.AItoolscanbeappliedtostudyingthesecretofaging.C.Speechdataisimportantforassessingcognition.D.Thestudyishelpfulforstudyingaging.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能检测人类孤独感的一项研究过程和结果。

8【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Theywerealsointerviewedinprivateconversations,whichwererecordedandtranscribedbyresearchers.（他们还接受了私人谈话的采访，这些谈话由研究人员记录和转录。）”可知，这项研究的原始数据部分来自私人采访。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Theinterestingthingaboutthissystemisthatitnotonlyusesdictionary-basedmethods,suchassearchingforspecificwordsthatexpressfear,butalsopresentscorrespondingpatternsbytestingthewordsusedintheresponse.（有趣的是，这个系统不仅使用基于词典的方法，比如搜索特定的表达恐惧的单词，还通过测试回答中使用的单词来呈现相应的模式。）”可知，WNLU软件系统可以通过检测显示情感的语言模式对孤独研究。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Themorelonelyapersonfelt,thelongertheirresponsestodirectquestionsregardingloneliness.（一个人感觉越孤独，他们对有关孤独的直接问题的回答就越长。）”可推断，更孤独的人对孤独有更长的反应。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Speechdatacanbecombinedwithourotherassessmentsofcognition,mobility,sleep,physicalactivityandmentalhealthtoimproveunderstandingofagingandtohelpcontributetosuccessfulaging,”hesaid.（他说:“语言数据可以与我们对认知、行动能力、睡眠、身体活动和心理健康的其他评估相结合，以提高对衰老的理解，并有助于健康老龄化。”）”可推断，DilipJeste在最后一段暗示了这次研究对研究衰老有帮助。故选D项。DItwasahot,humidsummerday,andIhadjustpulledintothelocalgasstationtofillmytank.Afterpumpingthegas,Istartedtowalkinsidetopay.ThatiswhenInoticedthem.Twoelderlywomenwerestandingbackfromtheircar.Therewasamixtureofshockandfearontheirfaces.Ilookedandsawwhattheysaw:fiveyellowjackets(小黄蜂)buildinganestaroundtheirgascap.Myeyeswidened.Isharedtheladies’fear.Yellowjacketshadneverbeenfriendsofmine.Severaltimesthesewasps(黄蜂)hadattackedmewhileIwascuttingthegrassgivingmemultiplestings(蛰)eachtimeIranovertheirgroundnests.Theworsttime,however,happenedwhenIwasayoungboy.AfriendofmineandIwererunningandplayinginmybackyard.ImusthavesteppedononeoftheirhiddennestsagainbecausebeforeIknewit,bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjacketswhileweranawayscreaming.Irantomymomwithtearsinmyeyes.Sheimmediately

9ranacoldbathandputusbothinittoeasethepainanditching(痒)beforegivingusmedicinetofightallthepoisoninourlittlebodiesfromthestings.Still,IknewIcouldn’tletfearstopmenow.IreachedintomybackpocketforapapertowelIhadthere,toreoutthenestandsteppedonitwhiletheangrywaspsbuzzedaroundme.Bothoftheladiesthankedme,andIsaid,“You’rewelcome!”withasmileandahappyheart.Inthislife,youcan’tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyoufromdoingwhatisright.Weneedtoloveeachotherandtochangetheworldforthebetter.Andtheonlywayyoucandothisisonelovingact,onekindwordandonesharedsmileatatime.Don’tlettheyellowjacketsinyourlifeholdyouback.Live!Love!Dogoodtoday!12.Thepurposeofparagraph2isto______.A.explainwhytheauthorwasstruckwithfearB.showthattheauthorwasangeredbythewaspsC.describehowbadlytheauthorwasstungbywaspsD.provethattheauthorwasn’tthesmallboyheusedtobe13.Whydidtheauthordecidetohelpthetwoladies?A.Hewantedtoovercomehisfear.B.Hewasaskedbythetwoladies.C.Hehadexperienceindealingwithwasps.D.Hewantedtodowhathethoughtwasright.14.Whatdoestheunderlined“this”inparagraph4referto?A.Makingfriendswithothers.B.Overcomingourshortcomings.C.Beingapopularpersoninlife.D.Makingtheworldabetterplace.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toteachreadershowtodealwithyellowjackets.B.Totellreaderstodokindthingsevenifthey’reafraid.C.Tosharehisscaryexperienceswithyellowjackets.D.Toshowhowhebeathisfearofyellowjackets.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者克服对黄蜂的恐惧帮助两位女士的故事，呼吁读者要克服恐惧做自己认为正确的事情。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Yellowjacketshadneverbeenfriendsofmine.

10（黄蜂从来都不是我的朋友。）”以及自己几次遭到黄蜂攻击的经历可知，作者写第二段为了解释自己害怕黄蜂的原因。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Inthislife,youcan’tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyoufromdoingwhatisright.（在这一生中，你不能让身体上或精神上受到伤害的恐惧阻止你做正确的事情。）”可知，作者决定帮助两位女士的原因在于他想做正确的事情。故选D项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Weneedtoloveeachotherandtochangetheworldforthebetter.Andtheonlywayyoucandothisisonelovingact,onekindwordandonesharedsmileatatime.（我们需要彼此相爱，让世界变得更美好。而你能做到这一点的唯一方法是，一次充满爱的行动，一句亲切的话，一个共同的微笑。）”可猜测，此处this指代changetheworldforthebetter（让世界变得更美好）。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Inthislife,youcan’tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyoufromdoingwhatisright.（在这一生中，你不能让身体上或精神上受到伤害的恐惧阻止你做正确的事情。）”以及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章想要告诉读者即使恐惧但依旧不能阻止自己做认为正确的事。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In2017,theBBCdocumentarySpyintheWild(《荒野间谍》)gaveusachancetolookmuchmorecloselyintotheworldofanimalsthroughtheeyesof“animalspies”._____16_____They“live”togetherwithanimalsinordertorecordtheirlives.Returningforitssecondseason,SpyintheWildfollowsthetraditionofthefirstseasonwhileintroducingnewcamerasandrobots.____17____Forexample,aspyturtlecanlayroboteggs,aspysquirrelcangatherrobotnuts,andmonkeyscanplaywithaspysnowball.Inthenewseason,morethan50spyrobotsaresenttostudyanimalsinallkindsofenvironments,fromunderthePacificOceantotheArctic._____18_____Theystudytheemotionalconnectionsthataresharedbetweenanimalsfirsthand.Forexample,aspypenguinwasacceptedaspartofagroupinSouthGeorgiaIsland.______19______“Quiteaccidentally,ourspycreatureisatthecenterofsomethingspecial,capturing(捕捉到)emotionsthathaveseldombeenwatched,”seriesnarrator(旁白)DavidTennanttoldCNET. _____20_____“Thewholepointis...tryingtogetcloserthanweeverhavebeforetocapturethoseelusive(难以得到的)momentswhentheystarttoshowthekindofemotionswehave,”directorJohnDownertoldPBS.A.Itwonlotsofpraisefromtheaudience.

11BButthesespiesdon’tjustrecordeverydaygoings-on.C.Thesespiesareactuallyrobotswithcamerasthatlooklikerealanimals.D.Withthehelpoftheserobots,these“animalspies”candomanythings.E.Ituncovershowdifferentwearecomparedtoouranimalcousins.F.Thedocumentaryaimstorecordanimalbehaviorthatwewouldrarelysee.G.Itwatchedonaspenguinparentstriedhardtomakeithometofeedtheirchicks.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英国广播公司纪录片《荒野间谍》让我们有机会通过“动物间谍”的眼睛近距离地观察动物世界。这部纪录片旨在记录我们很少看到的动物行为。【16题详解】根据文章In2017,theBBCdocumentarySpyintheWild(《荒野间谍》)gaveusachancetolookmuchmorecloselyintotheworldofanimalsthroughtheeyesof“animalspies”.可知，2017年，英国广播公司纪录片《荒野间谍》让我们有机会通过“动物间谍”的眼睛近距离地观察动物世界。和下句They“live”togetherwithanimalsinordertorecordtheirlives.可知，他们和动物一起“生活”，以便记录他们的生活。所以段中应该有一个过渡句，所以C项Thesespiesareactuallyrobotswithcamerasthatlooklikerealanimals.（这些间谍实际上是带有摄像头的机器人，看起来像真正的动物。）符合题意，故选C。【17题详解】段中过渡句，根据文章Returningforitssecondseason,SpyintheWildfollowsthetraditionofthefirstseasonwhileintroducingnewcamerasandrobots.可知，《荒野间谍》第二季回归，延续了第一季的传统，同时引入了新相机和机器人。再因Forexample,aspyturtlecanlayroboteggs,aspysquirrelcangatherrobotnuts,andmonkeyscanplaywithaspysnowball.可知，例如，一只间谍龟可以产下机器人蛋，一只间谍松鼠可以收集机器人坚果，猴子可以玩一个间谍雪球。所以中间需要一个过渡句来顺承，所以D项Withthehelpoftheserobots,these“animalspies”candomanythings.（在这些机器人的帮助下，这些“动物间谍”可以做很多事情。）符合，故选D。【18题详解】根据文章Inthenewseason,morethan50spyrobotsaresenttostudyanimalsinallkindsofenvironments,fromunderthePacificOceantotheArctic.可知，在新的一季中，50多个间谍机器人被派去研究各种环境中的动物，从太平洋底到北极。段中理解，注意后文的they的回指，只有B和C选项涉及名词复数，C选项已经用过，所以B项Butthesespiesdon’tjustrecordeverydaygoings-on.

12（但是这些间谍不仅仅记录每天发生的事情，他们第一手研究动物之间共享的情感联系。）符合题意，故选B。【19题详解】根据文章Forexample,aspypenguinwasacceptedaspartofagroupinSouthGeorgiaIsland.可知，例如，一只间谍企鹅被南乔治亚岛的一个企鹅群体接受。以及后文Quiteaccidentally,ourspycreatureisatthecenterofsomethingspecial,capturing(捕捉到)emotionsthathaveseldombeenwatched可知，“非常偶然地，我们的间谍生物正处于某种特殊事物的中心，捕捉到很少被人关注的情感。”所以应该有一个过渡句，所以G项Itwatchedonaspenguinparentstriedhardtomakeithometofeedtheirchicks.（当企鹅爸妈赶回家去给他们的宝宝喂食时，他负责站岗。）故选G。【20题详解】根据文章Thewholepointis...tryingtogetcloserthanweeverhavebeforetocapturethoseelusive(难以得到的)momentswhentheystarttoshowthekindofemotionswehave,”directorJohnDownertoldPBS.可知，“关键是它试图比以往任何时候都更接近捕捉那些难以得到的情感，”导演告诉PBS。所以设空处应该是考段落主旨大意，故F项Thedocumentaryaimstorecordanimalbehaviorthatwewouldrarelysee.（这部纪录片旨在记录我们很少看到的动物行为。）符合题意，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasabouttoshave(剃须)thismorningwhenIcaughtmyreflectioninthemirror.Therewasnodoubtaboutit.Mybodywasgrowingolder.Myformerly___21___hairwhichusedtobebrownwithatouchofgraywasnowgraywithatouchofbrown.Myforeheadwrinkles(皱纹)hadbecome___22___,andwhenIsmiled,ahundredmorecurledup(卷起)aroundmyeyesandmouth.WhenI___23___,IcouldseeIhadgottenfatteraswellbecausewhilemymetabolism(新陈代谢)hadslowed,my___24___hadn’t.Mymusclesalso___25___besorer(酸痛).___26___,whenIlookedinthemirroragain,I___27___asparkle(火花)inmyeyes.Ismiledandfeltajoyinmyheart.Iknewthatnomatterwhatmy___28___lookedlike,mysoulwasforeveryoung.ThetruthiswhileIhavebeen___29___growingolderontheoutside,Ihaveforawhilenowbeengrowingyoungerontheinside.Icanrememberhow____30____,stressedandworriedIwasinmy20sand30s.Nowat53,myheartfeels____31____,andmydayslookbrighter.Ifeellikeatrue“child”____32____tolaugh,tosing,todance,toloveandtohelpothersdothesame.Iworrylessandsmilemore.Ihavealotmorefaithandalotless____33____.Intheend,allofourbodieswill____34____anddie,butwewon’t.Ouryoungsoulswillgoonforever.Spend

13yourdaysgrowingyoungerthen.Letthe____35____withinyouliveandlove.21.A.rareB.flatC.shallowD.thick22.A.permanentB.potentialC.regularD.occasional23.A.clearedupB.passedoutC.steppedbackD.calmeddown24.A.styleB.eatingC.traditionD.routine25.A.appealedtoB.tendedtoC.stucktoD.contributedto26.A.ThereforeB.RatherC.HoweverD.Instead27.A.observedB.toreC.earnedD.recalled28.A.muscleB.hairC.reflectionD.figure29.A.steadilyB.frequentlyC.immediatelyD.individually30.A.creativeB.sensitiveC.particularD.serious31.A.tougherB.securerC.lighterD.briefer32.A.eagerB.flexibleC.anxiousD.free33.A.fearB.horrorC.fantasyD.confusion34.A.shootupB.wearoutC.hungoverD.passdown35.A.angelB.childC.soulD.master【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.B26.C27.A28.C29.A30.D31.C32.D33.A34.B35.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的身体虽然一天天变老，但是内心的小孩却会越长越小越快乐。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从前浓密的头发，曾经是棕色，其中掺杂着一点灰色，如今已经全然灰白，只剩下一点棕色。A.rare罕见的；B.flat平的；C.shallow浅的；D.thick厚的。根据“Mybodywasgrowingolder.”可知，作者从前的头发很浓密。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我额头上的皱纹变成了永久的皱纹，而当我微笑时，又有上百条皱纹盘绕着我的眼睛和嘴。A.permanent永久的；B.potential潜在的；C.regular有规律的；D.occasional偶然的。随着年龄变大，作者额头上的皱纹成了永久性的了。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我退后一步看时，我发现自己也变胖了，因为虽然我的新陈代谢变慢了，但我的饮食习惯却还保持原状。A.clearedup振作起来；B.passedout失去知觉；C.steppedback后退；D.

14calmeddown镇静下来。根据“Iwasabouttoshave(剃须)thismorningwhenIcaughtmyreflectioninthemirror.”可知，作者刮胡须时是靠近镜子的，所以这里为退后看自己的身材。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我退后一步看时，我发现自己也变胖了，因为虽然我的新陈代谢变慢了，但我的饮食习惯却还保持原状。A.style风格；B.eating食物；C.tradition传统；D.routine常规。根据“IcouldseeIhadgottenfatteraswellbecausewhilemymetabolism(新陈代谢)hadslowed,”可知，作者的饮食没有发生变化，但新陈代谢变慢，所以变胖。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的肌肉酸痛加剧了。A.appealedto呼吁；B.tendedto往往；易于；C.stuckto坚持；D.contributedto贡献。作者的肌肉易于变得酸痛。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我再次照镜子时，我看到了自己眼睛里的光芒。A.Therefore因此；B.Rather相当；C.However然而；D.Instead相反。根据“whenIlookedinthemirroragain,I___7___asparkle(火花)inmyeyes.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我再次照镜子时，我看到了自己眼睛里的光芒。A.observed观察；B.tore撕掉；C.earned赚得；D.recalled回忆。“whenIlookedinthemirroragain,”可知，作者在照镜子，所以是观察到自己的眼睛。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道，无论我镜中的影像看上去如何，我的灵魂永远年轻。A.muscle肌肉；B.hair头发；C.reflection反射；影像；D.figure人物。根据“Iwasabouttoshave(剃须)thismorningwhenIcaughtmyreflectioninthemirror.”可知，作者在镜子里看到了自己的影像。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实是，虽然我的躯壳在逐步地变老，但我的内心一直在变得更加年轻。A.steadily逐步地；B.frequently频繁地；C.immediately立即；D.individually单独地。根据“Ihaveforawhilenowbeengrowingyoungerontheinside.”可知，作者的身体在逐步地变老。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我二三十岁的时候有多么的严阵以待，压力重重，忧心劳神。A.creative创造的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.particular特别的；D.serious严重的。根据“stressedandworried”可知，作者二三十岁的时候严阵以待，压力重重，忧心劳神。故选D。【31题详解】

15考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：如今，我已经五十三岁了，我的心却更加轻盈，我的生活也更加明亮了。A.tougher更困难的；B.securer更安全的；C.lighter更轻的；D.briefer更简洁的。根据“andmydayslookbrighter.”可知，作者的心态更加轻盈了。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己像一个真正的“孩子”，可以恣意欢笑、唱歌、跳舞、去爱，去帮助别人成为和我一样的人。A.eager热切的；B.flexible灵活的；C.anxious渴望的；D.free自由的。freetodosth.自由地做某事。根据“Ifeellikeatrue“child””可知，孩子可以自由地欢笑、唱歌、跳舞、去爱。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有了更多的信念，更少的恐惧。A.fear害怕；B.horror恐怖；C.fantasy幻想；D.confusion混淆。根据“Ihavealotmorefaith”可知，作者的恐惧越来越少了。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最终，我们都会死去，身体腐朽，但我们内在的自己不会。A.shootup猛增；B.wearout穿破；耗尽；C.hungover因宿醉而感觉不适；D.passdown传递。根据“anddie”可知，我们的身体最终都会耗尽而腐朽。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你内心的小孩快乐的活着，让他去爱。A.angel天使；B.child孩子；C.soul灵魂；D.master主人。根据“Ifeellikeatrue“child”___12___tolaugh,tosing,todance,toloveandtohelpothersdothesame.”可知，作者建议我们让内心的小孩快乐的活着。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的恰当形式。Iwouldstandonmytiptoesandstretchedmyarmstotherhythm,feelinglikeafree-flyingbird,whenevermusic___36___(turn)on.Overthepast16years,mylovefordance___37___(encourage)me.WhenIwasakid,Iusuallywavedmybodywhentherewasmusic.ThoughImovedsubconsciously(下意识地)___38___anytrueskill,IfeltthatIhadapassionfordance.WhenIgot___39___(old),Istartedtakingdanceclasses.Learningtodanceisnevereasy,butthetirednessandpainareworththepleasure___40___ithasbroughtme.However,whenIreachedseniorhighschool,mybusyandconflictedschedulemademeputmydancelifeonpause.Ifeltasenseof___41___(empty)forthewholeyear.

16ThenIrealizedIdidneed____42____(take)action.Italkedtomyheadteacher,hopingshecouldpullmeoutofmystruggle.Luckily,shewas___43___(support)andencouragedmetocontinuepursuingmyhobby.Idon’thavedanceclassmatestemporarily(暂时地),nordoIhaveateacher,___44___Icanfindhappinessindancing.Movingwiththemusic,Iwatcheverymoveofmybodyandfeeljoyous.Manypeoplemaylosetheirchancetogoaftertheirhobbyorpassionduringtheirlifejourney.Butforme,mypassionislikealighthouse,constantlyguidingmetobe____45____(good).【答案】36.wasturned37.hasencouraged38.without39.older40.that/which（或不填）41.emptiness42.totake43.supportive44.but45.better【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于舞蹈一直保持的热爱。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：每当音乐响起，我就踮起脚尖，跟着音乐的节奏伸着胳膊，感觉自己像一只自由飞翔的小鸟。turnon与music为动宾结构，用被动语态，whenever引导时间状语从句主句为过去将来时，从句应为一般过去时。故填wasturned。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的16年里，我对舞蹈的热爱一直激励着我。over+一段时间用现在完成时。故填hasencouraged。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：虽然我是下意识地移动，没有任何真正的技巧，但我觉得我对舞蹈有激情。根据句意可知，“我”没有任何技巧只是下意识移动。故填without。【39题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：当我长大后，我开始上舞蹈课。getolder表示年龄增长，为固定搭配。故填older。【40题详解】

17考查定语从句。句意：学习跳舞从来都不是一件容易的事，但是劳累和痛苦都值得它给我带来的快乐。本句为限定性定语从句，先行词为thepleasure，指物，在从句中作宾语，填空处可为关系代词which、that或不填。故填that/which（或不填）。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：我感觉一整年都很空虚。介词of后用名词形式。故填emptiness。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后我意识到我需要采取行动。needtodosth.需要做某事，为固定搭配。故填totake。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，她支持并鼓励我继续追求我的爱好。用形容词形式在句中作表语。故填supportive。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：我暂时没有舞蹈同学，也没有老师，但是我可以在舞蹈中找到快乐。根据句意可知，“我”虽然没有舞蹈同学和老师，但依旧在舞蹈中找到快乐，表示转折，用连词but。故填but。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：但对我来说，我的激情就像一座灯塔，不断指引着我变得更好。根据句意可知，“我”的激情使得“我”变得更好，因此用形容词better，表示“更好的”。故填better。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的表弟Tony最近喜欢上了迷你剧，请你推荐一部给他。你推荐《沃特希普荒原》(WatershipDown)，并说明理由。内容包括:1.简介：2018年发行，主要讲述一群兔子勇敢地寻找新家园的故事；2.意义：保护环境的重要性；只有走出舒适区，才会有美好未来的机会；3.祝愿。注意:1.词数80~100词;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已为你写好。DearTony,

18__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yoursfaithfully,LiHua【答案】参考范文DearTony,Learningthatyouareinterestedinminiseriesrecently,IwouldliketorecommendWatershipDowntoyou.Thisminiserieswasreleasedin2018,whichtellsthestoryofsomerabbitsworkingtogethertofindanewhomeaftertheiroldonewasdestroyed.Bywatchingthisfilm,notonlycanwerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,butwecanlearnonlywhenwegetoutofourcomfortzonewillwehaveachancetohaveabetterfuture.Ihopeyouwilllikethefilm.Yoursfaithfully,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给表弟Tony推荐一部迷你剧《沃特希普荒原》(WatershipDown)。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般将来时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.简介：2018年发行，主要讲述一群兔子勇敢地寻找新家园的故事；2.意义：保护环境的重要性；只有走出舒适区，才会有美好未来的机会；3.祝愿。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）beinterestedin;tellthestoryof;realizetheimportanceof;protecttheenvironment;getoutof;comfortzone;haveachancetodo;haveabetterfuture

19第三步：连词成句1.Learningthatyouareinterestedinminiseriesrecently,IwouldliketorecommendWatershipDowntoyou.2.Thisminiserieswasreleasedin2018,whichtellsthestoryofsomerabbitsworkingtogethertofindanewhomeaftertheiroldonewasdestroyed.3.Bywatchingthisfilm,notonlycanwerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,butwecanlearnonlywhenwegetoutofourcomfortzonewillwehaveachancetohaveabetterfuture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Learningthatyouareinterestedinminiseriesrecently,IwouldliketorecommendWatershipDowntoyou.（现在分词作状语和宾语从句）[高分句型2]Thisminiserieswasreleasedin2018,whichtellsthestoryofsomerabbitsworkingtogethertofindanewhomeaftertheiroldonewasdestroyed.（关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句）[高分句型3]Bywatchingthisfilm,notonlycanwerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,butwecanlearnonlywhenwegetoutofourcomfortzonewillwehaveachancetohaveabetterfuture.（由notonly...but(also)引出部分倒装）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasahotafternooninTallahassee,Florida,inJune2019,andthepoolwasfullofpeople.ColbiHeard,ahandsome9-year-oldboy,wasputtinghisswimmingcaponwhenhenoticedsomethingfloatingnearby.Heswamcloserandrealizeditwasalittleboy."Iwantedtoplaywithhim,"Colbithought.Colbiswamaroundtheboy,checkinghimout.Butwhentheboydidn'tmove,"Iknewhewashurtandneededhelp,"saidColbi.TheboywasOmariHoward,alovelythree-year-oldwhohadcometothepoolwithhismother,Keyonna,andhisuncleTravis.Atfirst,Omariwasintheshallowend（浅水区）playingwithothers.Later,hebeganswimmingacrossthepooltolookforhismotherandsomethingunexpectedhappened.Nobodynoticedhimforseconds,except

20Colbi.AccordingtoColbi'smom,Severia,Colbihasautism（自闭症）,whichmakeshimparticularlysensitivetounfamiliarthings.Justmomentsearlier,hehadaskedhismotherwhentheycouldgohomebecausehewastroubledbyallthenoise.SeveriabelieveditwashissensitivitythatcausedhimtonoticeOmarithatday."He'sverycareful,"Severiasaid."He'sacaringboy,andhe'sinterestedinlittlekids.Ifitwasn'tforthatlove,Idon'tthinkthatlittleboywouldbealivetoday."ColbitookOmarioutandturnedtohisuncle,whorushedhimtohismother,Keyonna.Omari'sfacewaspale,andhewasn'tbreathing."Mybaby,mybaby!"Keyonnacried.Nobodyknewwhattodo.That'swhenSeveriaheardafriendcryhername.Sheturnedandsawthesadmother.Severia,anurseinTallahassee,ranover.Atthispoint,shedidn'tknowthattheboywasfoundbyColbi."Ijustknewtheboydidn'tbreathe,"shesaid.Severiastayedcalmandtriedtosavehim.Severiasays,"Ijustwantedtobringthisbabybacktolife."注意:1.续写词数应为150左右:2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Luckily,Omaribegancoughingandtheambulance(救护车)arrived.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Afterknowingwhathadhappened,Keyonnathankedthemotherandsonwhofeltproudofeachother.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21【答案】参考范文Paragraph1:Luckily,Omaribegancoughingandtheambulance（救护车）arrived.Toeveryone’srelief,Omariwasfineandcouldbreathenormallyagain,exceptforcoughingupsomepoolwater.Hewaslatertakentohospitalforfurtherchecks.Afterashortstayinhospital,hewaswellenoughtobeallowedtoleave.DoctorssaidbutforthetimelyrescueSeveriaandColbioffered,hewouldn'tbealive.Paragraph2:Afterknowingwhathadhappened,Keyonnathankedthemotherandsonwhofeltproudofeachother.Keyonnastatedthatshereallydidn'tknowhowtoexpresshergratitudetothemandthatshecouldn’timaginewhatwouldhavehappenediftheyhadn’thelpedher.SeveriahuggedlittleColbi,saying"Ireallytakeprideinmycourageousson.Honestly,inthatsituation,twosecondsmakesahugedifference."Colbismiledandsaidproudly,"Iknowmymotherisahero.ItwasshewhodidsaveOmari'slife."Theywereconsideredaslifesavingheroesbylocalreporters.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了男孩Omari在游泳池找母亲遇险，被患有自闭症的男孩Colbi以及他的母亲所救的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，奥马里开始咳嗽，救护车也赶到了。”可知，第一段可描写男孩Omari被及时送到医院，最终完全恢复。②由第二段首句内容“在知道发生了什么之后，Keyonna感谢了为彼此感到骄傲的母子。”可知，第二段可描写Keyonna对救人母子的感谢以及Severia母子对彼此感到自豪。2.续写线索：救护车赶到——送到医院——恢复出院——感谢——自豪3.词汇激活行为类：①　接受检查：bechecked/gettested②　恢复：getwell/recoverfrom/getover③　救援：cometotherescue/cometosb.'shelp情绪类：①　感激：thankfor/begrateful②　自豪：beproudof/takepride/gloryin

22【点睛】[高分句型1].Afterknowingwhathadhappened,Keyonnathankedthemotherandsonwhofeltproudofeachother.（what引导的名词性宾语从句、who引导的定语从句）[高分句型2].Keyonnastatedthatshereallydidn'tknowhowtoexpresshergratitudetothemandthatshecouldn’timaginewhatwouldhavehappenediftheyhadn’thelpedher.（连接副词how引导的宾语从句、what引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句）[高分句型3].ItwasshewhodidsaveOmari'slife.（用强调句型itis(was)...that(who)...表示强调）第四部分语言基础知识第一节单词拼写，根据首字母或中文提示写出句中所缺单词，注意使用正确形式.(共10小时:每小题0.5分，满分6分)48.____(破坏)theforestscontributestomoreandmoresandstorms.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】Destroying【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：破坏森林导致越来越多的沙尘暴。根据汉语提示“破坏”及单数谓语动词contributes可知，此处应填动名词短语作主语。故填Destroying。49.Inthecenterofthecampus,thelake____(倒映)thesurroundingbuildings.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】reflects【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：在校园的中央，湖中倒映着周围的建筑物。根据汉语提示和句意可知，设空处填动词reflect，意为“倒映”，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语“thelake”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填reflects。50.Therearestoriesabouthis___(慷慨),themassiveamountsofmoneyhegavetocharities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】generosity【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：有很多关于他向慈善机构捐赠大量资金的慷慨故事。根据汉语提示“慷慨”及形容词性物主代词his修饰可知，此处应填名词generosity，抽象名词，不可数。故填generosity。51.Tothegreat____(满意)oftheyoungwriter,hisfirstbooksellswellafteritwaspublishedinMay.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)

23【答案】satisfaction【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：使年轻作家满意的是他的第一本书在五月出版后就大卖了。根据汉语提示“满意”及空前的形容词great修饰可知，此处应填名词satisfaction，抽象名词，不可数。故填satisfaction。52.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanr___stress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】release【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：事实证明，仅仅关注绿色的、生长着的东西就可以释放压力，降低血压，让人们心情更好。根据stress和lowerbloodpressure可知，且首字母为r，所以动词应为release(缓解)，情态动词后接原形。故填release。53.It'sat________inAmericatoeatturkeyonThanksgivingDay.（根据首字母补全句子）【答案】tradition【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在感恩节吃火鸡是美国的传统。分析句子可知，不定冠词a后需跟单数可数名词。根据句意可知，名词tradition表示“传统”的意思。故填tradition。54.Ihavemadeupmymindtostudyharderratherthanwastep_____timeonthoseuselessthings,suchasplayingvideogamesandchattingonline.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】precious【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我下定决心要更加努力学习，而不是把宝贵时间浪费在那些无用的事情上，比如玩电子游戏和网上聊天。根据首字母和句意“宝贵的”以及空格后的名词time可知，此处应填形容词precious，作定语修饰名词。故填precious。55.Weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalr_____.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】resources【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该利用地球的自然资源供应的同时保持地球的健康。根据单词首字母以及句意“资源”以及上文形容词natural，可知应填名词resources（自然资源为复数概念）。故填

24resources。56.Whattheyfoundwasthatpeoplewearingwhitecoats____(表现)betterthanthosewhoweren't(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】performed【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他们发现穿白大褂的人比不穿白大褂的人表现更好。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合句中“found”和“weren't”可知，应用一般过去时，根据汉语提示“表现”可知，此处应填动词perform的过去式。故填performed。57.Taichicanbepractisedanytimeandanywherewithout_____(设备)oragymnasium.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】equipment【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：太极拳可以在任何时间和任何地方练习，而无需设备或健身房。根据汉语提示“设备”以及空格前的介词without可知，此处应填名词equipment(不可数)作介词宾语。故填equipment。第二节(共10小通；每小题1分，满分10分)短语填空:用方框内短语的适当形式填空，有一个短语是多余的。backdownpullupanythingbutbecaughtupindrawonsetofftakeintakeonmakeupforclearuphangover58.Thegovernmenttakeseffectivemeasuresto______thelossduringthedifficulttime.59.However,whenyouthinkaboutit,smalltalkis______small.60.Whenhewasalittleboy,he______allkindsoffantasticthoughts.61.Thetruckssuddenly______andthedriverjumpedout.62.Whetheritwill______tomorrowisnotyetknown.63.Thefactoryhasopenedanditisbeginningto______newworkers.64.Airpollutionorsmokingcan______aseriesofhealthproblem.65.ThelibraryinTsinghuaUniversityhasplentyofmaterialsto______.66.Thepossibilityofunemploymentwill______manyworkerswhenthediseasespreadswidely.67.Thepresidentrefusesto______onthissensitiveissueintheinternationalmeeting.

25【答案】58.makeupfor59.anythingbut60.tookon61.pulledup62.clearup63.takein64.setoff65.drawon66.hangover67.backdown【解析】【58题详解】考查动词短语。句意：政府采取有效措施弥补困难时期的损失。makeupfor“弥补”为动词短语，符合句意，因空格前有不定式符号to，动词应用原形，takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事，该用法是固定用法。故填makeupfor。【59题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：然而，仔细想想，闲聊绝不是小事。anythingbut“根本不”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填anythingbut。【60题详解】考查动词短语。句意：当他还是个小男孩的时候，他就有各种各样的幻想。takeon“具有”为动词短语，符合句意，根据从句中“was”可知，主句用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填tookon。【61题详解】考查动词短语。句意：卡车突然停了下来，司机跳了出来。pullup“突然停下”为动词短语，符合句意，根据句意及后文“jumped”可知，第一个分句应用一般过去时。故填pulledup。【62题详解】考查动词短语。句意：明天是否会放晴还不知道。clearup“放晴”为动词短语，符合句意，在情态动词will后，动词应用原形。故填clearup。【63题详解】考查动词短语。句意：工厂已经开张，开始吸收新工人。takein“吸收，招收”为动词短语，符合句意，因前面有不定式符号to，应用动词原形，begintodosth.开始做某事。故填takein。【64题详解】

26考查动词短语。句意：空气污染或吸烟会引起一系列的健康问题。setoff“引发”为动词短语，符合句意，在情态动词can后，动词应用原形。故填setoff。【65题详解】考查动词短语。句意：清华大学的图书馆有很多资料可以利用。drawon“凭借,利用”为动词短语，和所修饰的名词materials有动宾关系，用不定式作定语，符合句意，因前面有不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填drawon。【66题详解】考查动词短语。句意：当疾病广泛传播时，可能会失业的阴影将笼罩着许多工人。hangover“威胁，笼罩，使忧心忡忡”为动词短语，符合句意，在情态动词will后，应用动词原形。故填hangover。【67题详解】考查动词短语。句意：总统在国际会议上拒绝在这个敏感问题上让步。backdown“放弃要求，让步”为动词短语，符合句意，因前面有不定式符号to，动词应用原形，refusetodosth.拒绝做某事。故填backdown。第三节单句语法填空:在下列句子的空白处填入适当的连接词，情态动词或括号内动词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)68.Shanghaiistheveryplace______theforeignersareeagertovisit.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上海正是外国人渴望参观的地方。根据分析句子及语意，可知设空处应为定语从句引导词，在从句中做宾语，指代先行词“place”，且前有thevery修饰，可知应用关系代词that。故填that。69.Thebossin______department(部门)Ms.Kingworkedlookeddownuponwomen.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whose【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：金女士所工作部门的老板看不起女人。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“Theboss”，在从句中作定语，还原后为“Ms.Kingworkedintheboss’sdepartment”，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。70.Themedicalteamismadeupoftenpeople,eightof______areexperiencednurses.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whom【解析】

27【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：医疗队由10人组成，其中8人是有经验的护士。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为tenpeople，关系代词whom用作介词of的宾语，指人，此处位于介词后，不可用who替代。故填whom。71.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway_______hesaidit.（根据句意填空）【答案】that/inwhich【解析】【分析】【详解】考查关系代词。句意：令我吃惊的不是他说了什么，而是他说话的方式。theway做先行词，关系代词为that/inwhich。故填that/inwhich。72.Everyboyandeverygirl______(have)therighttojointheclub.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】has【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每个男孩和女孩都有权加入俱乐部。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。由every修饰的名词做主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。根据句意，故填has。73.Thepoetandwriter______(be)verypopularwithusatpresent.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这位诗人兼作家现在很受我们欢迎。主语Thepoetandwriter指一个人，是单数，由时间状语atpresent可知，用一般现在时，故填is。74.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsbecausetheirownhouse______(build).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】isbeingbuilt【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：因为他们的房子正在修建，所以他们一直与父母住在一起。从句中的theirownhouse与build是动宾关系，此句应使用被动语态；根据主句中arelivingwith可知，时态是现在进行时，故从句的时态与主句一致。故填isbeingbuilt。75.Ourworkoutrooms______(update)withmodemequipmentinthepastfewyears.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】havebeenupdated

28【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我们的健身房更新了现代化设备。根据时间状语inthepastfewyears可知，用现在完成时，主语Ourworkoutrooms是复数，与谓语动词update是被动关系，用被动语态。故填havebeenupdated。【点睛】76.You______(情态动词)haveanewdressforyourbirthday.(根据提示用适当的词填空)【答案】shall【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你生日时一定会有一条新裙子。情态动词shall用于陈述句第二和第三人称时，表示说话者的许诺、命令、决心等，意为“必须；应；可”，本句中表示“许诺”，符合句意。故填shall。77.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we______(情态动词+notdressup)soformally.(根据提示用适当的词填空)【答案】needn’thavedressedup【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：正如结果所显示的那样，这是一个小型家庭聚会，我们本不必打扮得如此正式。根据提示及句意可知，此句是虚拟语气。根据从句中的动词turned可知，时态是一般过去时，说明是对过去的虚拟。主句应使用情态动词+have+done。根据句意可知，情态动词应表示“不必”，故填needn’thavedressedup。