2023年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真试卷（二）Word版含解析

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2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（二）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahospital.C.Atatheater.D.Atarailwaystation.2.A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.D.Clerkandcustomer3.A.Samturneditin.B.Heturnsinthelock.C.Itwasinthelock.D.HegotitfromSam4.A.Coffee.B.Achocolatemilkshake.C.Tea.D.Avegetablesalad.5.A.Shethinkstheycan’tgotothetheatrewithoutthecar.B.ShesuggestsgoingtothetheatrebysubwayC.Shebelievestheman’sbrotherwillletthemusethecarfirst.D.Shethinksthetheatreisfarawayfromhere.6.A.HehatesgoingtothepianocourseB.Hewouldliketomakedecisionshimself.C.Heistoooldtolearnthepiano.D.Heisalreadygoodatplayingthepiano7.A.Sheisalreadyateacher.B.Shedoesn’tknowwhatshewilldoaftergraduationC.Shehasnodesiretoteach.D.Shelikesteachingverymuch.8.A.Readabook.B.Writeacomposition.

1C.Talkaboutaproblem.D.Listentotheradio.9.A.Someonehastoldhimwhereitis.B.Hedoesn'tknow,either.C.Heknowswhereitisbutcan’ttellthewoman.D.Hehasaskedsomeoneforhelp.10.A.Shelosthercar.B.Shedrovehere.C.Somethingwaswrongwithhercar.D.Shebrokethetrafficrules.SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.TherearetoomanypeopleeverywhereB.TherearealwaystoomanycarsinTokyo.C.Theplaceswherehewantstobearealwaysverycrowded.D.ThestreetsinTokyoarenarrow12.A.At11:00p.m.B.At11:30p.m.C.At12:00p.m.D.At12:30p.m.13.A.About3,500.B.About35,000.C.About350,000.D.About3,500,000.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14.A.InAnhuiProvince.B.InShanxiProvince.C.InShandongProvince.D.InHubeiProvince.15.A.Whenhewasbuildingahouse.B.Whenhewasdiggingatombinthefields.C.Whenhewasdiggingachanneltoplacepipesfortapwater.D.Whenhewascleaninghisyard.16.A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Tobeapilot.B.Tobeascientist.C.Tobeainterpreter.D.Tobeasoldier.18.A.ShewantstoteachEnglish.B.Shewantstobeagreatscientist.C.Shewantstobecometheofficeleader.D.Shewantstobeaninterpreter.

219.A.TheyaredescribinganewdustbinB.Theyarediscussingtheprotectionofenvironment.C.Theyarecollectingusedbatteries.D.Theyarelookingforwardtoattendingalecture.20.A.Tomakefulluseofthemetalsleft.B.Toprotecttheresourcesfrombeingdestroyed.C.Tocallforstoppingusingplasticmeal-boxes.D.Toawakenpeopletotheenvironmentalproblem.听力答案：1-5.ADABB6-10.BCDBC11-13.CBB14-16.BCA17-20.ADBD备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾I.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Anewstudyshowthatthebetteryourshort-termmemoryis,____21____(fast)youfeelfedupanddecideyou’vehadenough.ThefindingappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityofKansasSchoolofBusiness.SheandhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatried____22____(think)atverydifferentrates.Whenyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeofthosesamesongs.Thedifference,theresearcherssupposed,____23____havetodowithmemoriesofpastconsumption.Theresearcherstestedthememorycapacityofundergraduates.Thestudentsthenviewedarepeatingseriesofthreeclassicpaintings—likeTheStarryNight,AmericanGothic,andTheScream—orlistenedandre-listenedtoaseriesofthreepopsongs—orthreepiecesofclassicalmusic.Throughoutthetest,theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirexperience____24____ascaleofzerototen.“Wefoundthatpeoplewithlargercapacitiesrememberedmoreaboutthemusicorart,whichledtothemgettingtiredofmusicorartmorequickly.So____25____(remember)moredetailsactuallymadetheparticipantsfeellikethey’dexperiencedthemusicorartmoreoften.”Thefindingssuggestthatmarketerscouldcopewithourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaystodistractusandkeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrick____26____intoeatinglessjunkfoodbyrecallingtheexperienceofaprevioussnack.Asforkidseasily____27____(bore),justtellthemtoforgetaboutit—itmighthelpthemhavemorefun.Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesociety____28____________welive,wemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansof

3speech.____29____wetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversations____30____wegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentandverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.【答案】21.thefaster22.tothink23.might24.on25.remembering26.ourselves27.bored28.inwhich29.If/When30.where【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就越快感到厌倦并认为自己已经受够了。因此，营销人员可以通过设法分散我们的注意力，让我们无法完全记住自己的经历，来应对我们对他们产品的渴望。【21题详解】考查比较级。句意：一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就越快感到厌倦并认为自己已经受够了。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，根据前文的thebetter可知，此处用thefaster。故填thefaster。【22题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她和她明尼苏达大学的同事约瑟夫·雷登尝试以非常不同的速度思考。trytodosth“尽力做某事”，是固定用法。故填tothink。【23题详解】考查情态动词。句意：研究人员认为，这种差异可能与对过去消费的记忆有关。根据句意可知，此处使用情态动词might。故填might。【24题详解】考查介词。句意：在整个测试过程中，参与者被要求对他们的经历打分，分值从0到10。onascaleof“以……的规模”，是固定短语。故填on。【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，记住更多的细节实际上会让参与者觉得他们更经常地体验音乐或艺术。分析句子可知，设空处是做句子的主语，因此使用动名词remembering作主语。故填remembering。【26题详解】考查代词。句意：我们也可以通过回忆以前吃零食的经历来欺骗自己少吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，主语we与宾语是指同一人，因此使用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意：对于那些很容易感到无聊的孩子，只要告诉他们忘记它——这可能会帮助他们获得更多乐趣。根据空前的副词easily可知，此处使用形容词bored，修饰名词kids。故填bored。【28题详解】

4考查定语从句。句意：显然，如果我们要参与我们所生活的社会，我们必须与他人交流。本句是定语从句，先行词是名词society，指物，从句中缺少状语，live是不及物动词，需用介词in。故填inwhich。【29题详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果/当我们乘公共汽车旅行，在商店买东西，或在餐馆吃饭时，我们很可能会进行对话，在那里我们提供信息或意见，接受新闻或评论，我们的观点很可能会受到社会其他成员的挑战。根据句意可知，本句是个状语从句，可以使用if或when引导，位于句首首字母大写。故填If或When。【30题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。本句是个定语从句，设空处所在句子是修饰名词conversations，抽象地点名词，从句缺少状语，因此使用关系副词where引导。故填where。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.flexibleB.functionC.self-imageD.fairlyE.initiativeF.valuedG.capableH.patternI.short-livedJ.accomplishedK.remarkablyFamilyproblemscomeinallshapesandsizes;someare____31____andeasilymanaged,whileothersaremorechronicanddifficulttohandle.Stresspointsincludeeventssuchasillnessandinjury,changingjobs,changingschools,movingandfinancialdifficulties.Eachfamilydevelopsitsownwaysofcopingwiththesestresses,someofwhichworkbetterthanothers.Unsuccessfulcopingcanberecognizedbyanumberofcharacteristics,includingthefollowing:Thisusuallyoccursbecausefamilymembersavoiddiscussingproblemsorevenavoidadmittingthatproblemsexist.Somefamiliesjusthavenotlearnedtheskillsofnegotiatingor,forsomeotherreason,cannotletgoofbadorhurtfeelings.Childrenarelikelyto____32____theirbehaviouraftertheirparents’behaviourandmaylearntorefusetotalkaboutfeelingsandproblems.Familiesoftenhavenotdecidedhowfamilyresponsibilitieswillbedividedamongfamilymembers.Whenthathappens,familylifecanbecomechaotic,andmanythingsdonotget____33____.Attheotherextreme,somefamiliesarenot____34____atall,andfamilymembersdonothelponeanotheroutor____35____reassignresponsibilitiesasfamilycircumstanceschange.Familiesare,especiallyforchildren,themostimportantsourceofemotionalsupport.Duringthemiddleyears,childrenfindithardtoobtainthisemotionalsupportoutsidethefamily.Childrendonotperformordevelopwellwithoutthissupport.

5Families____36____bestwhentheindividualityofeachfamilymemberisacknowledgedandappreciated.Attheleast,evenifsomeoneelse’spersonaltraitsorcharacteristicsarenothighly____37____,eachfamilymemberneedstotoleratethesetraitsandrespectthatindividual.Otherwisechildrenarelikelytohaveadifficulttimedevelopingahealthy____38____,andtheywillhavelowself-esteem(自尊)andpoorsocialskills.Childrenneedtosucceedinordertofeel____39____ofsuccessfullymanaginglife’sstressesandchallenges.Iftheyaretaughtorencouragedtorelyonothers(withinthefamilyoroutsideit)tosolvetheirproblems,theywillhavelowself-esteemandlack_____40_____andwillhavetroublesucceedingintheworld.【答案】31.I32.H33.J34.A35.D36.B37.F38.C39.G40.E【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不能成功应对家庭压力的特征以及良好的家庭氛围对于孩子成长的重要性。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：家庭问题有各种形式和规模；有些是短期的,易于管理,而另一些则更为慢性,难以处理。are后接形容词作表语,根据“easilymanaged”可知,有些是短期的,易于管理。short-lived“短暂的”符合句意。故选I。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：孩子们可能会模仿父母的行为,学会拒绝谈论感情和问题。belikelytodosth.,后接动词原形,根据“maylearntorefusetotalkaboutfeelingsandproblems.”可知,孩子们可能会模仿父母的行为,pattern“模仿”符合句意。故选H。【33题详解】考查动词。句意：当这种情况发生时,家庭生活可能变得混乱,许多事情无法完成。根据“familylifecanbecomechaotic”可知,许多事情无法完成。get后接过去分词,构成被动语态。accomplished“完成”符合句意。故选J。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：在另一个极端,一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的,随着家庭环境的变化,家庭成员不互相帮助或公平地重新分配责任。are后接形容词,根据“familymembersdonothelponeanotheroutor_______reassignresponsibilitiesasfamilycircumstanceschange.”可知,一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的。flexible“适应新情况”符合句意。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词。句意：在另一个极端,一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的,随着家庭环境的变化,

6家庭成员不互相帮助或公平地重新分配责任。空处填副词修饰动词reassign,fairly“公平地”符合句意。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：当每个家庭成员的个性得到承认和欣赏时,家庭才能发挥最佳作用。空处缺少谓语,根据“whentheindividualityofeachfamilymemberisacknowledgedandappreciated.”可知,当每个家庭成员的个性得到承认和欣赏时,家庭才能发挥最佳作用。function“发挥作用”符合句意。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：至少,即使其它人的个人特质或性格没有受到高度重视,每个家庭成员都需要容忍这些特质,并尊重这个人。本句为一般现在时的被动语态,valued“重视”符合句意。故选F。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：否则,孩子们可能很难树立健康的自我形象,他们的自尊心很低,社交技能也很差。a后接名词,根据“theywillhavelowself-esteem(自尊)andpoorsocialskills.”可知,否则,孩子们可能很难树立健康的自我形象,他们的自尊心很低,社交技能也很差。self-image“自我形象”符合句意。故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们需要成功,才能感到有能力成功地应对生活中的压力和挑战。feel后接形容词作表语,根据“Childrenneedtosucceed”可知,子们需要成功,才能感到有能力成功地应对生活中的压力和挑战。capable“有能力的”符合句意。故选G。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：如果他们被教导或鼓励依赖他人（家庭内部或外部）来解决问题,他们的自尊心就会很低,缺乏主动性,在世界上很难成功。lack后接名词,根据“theywillhavelowself-esteem”可知,他们的自尊心就会很低,缺乏主动性。initiative“主动权,积极性”。故选E。I.ReadingComprehension(41–55题，每题1分；56–70题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.FitnessappssuchasStravacanbeusefultoolsformotivatingyoutostartandsticktoanexerciseplan.But,accordingtoastudyattheNationalUniversityofIreland,Galway,theseappscanmakepeoplebecome____41____toexercise.Thestudy,whichobserved272cyclistswhouseStrava,foundthatpeoplewhomainlyusethetooltoshowoff,____42____,postingtheirexercisetoreceivepraise,aremorelikelytodevelopanunhealthydesireandhighstresslevels.Itseemsobviousthatbeingabletotrackandsharethetiniestdetailsofyourexercisemaynotalwaysbea(n)

7____43____thing.Ihadaneatingdisorderasateenagerand,foraveryunhappytime,____44____dominatedmylife.Iweighedmyselfseveraltimesaday.IcalculatedeverythingfromhowmanycalorieswereinonebiteofanappletohowmanyextracaloriesIwould____45____byexercisingincoldweather.Iusedin-braincalculatingtechnologytotrackallthis.HadIhadaccesstothehealthappsavailablenow,itwouldhavetakenmemuchlongerto____46____–notonlybecausethesekindsoftoolsenableobsessive(强迫性的)behaviour,butbecausethey____47____andevenglorifyit.Weliveinanagewhenyoucanneverbetoorichortoo____48____.Calorie-countingisnowcelebratedasadata-drivenroutetoself-improvement.Itis____49____tospotthesymptomsassociatedwitheatingdisorderswheneveryoneseemstogethookedontheirfitnessstatistics.Also,becauseeatingandexercisedisordersarestillassociatedwithwomen,itisparticularlyeasyforproblematicbehaviouramongmentoflyundertheradar.Thenegativeconnectionbetweenthesetechnologiesandwellbeinghasreceived____50____attention.Onlyahandfulofstudieshintatthedarksideofthesedevices.A2019studyoffemaleFitbitusersbyCNN,forinstance,foundthat59%feltasiftheirroutineswere____51____bytheirdevice,while30%saidtheirFitbitmadethemfeelguilty.A2015studyatDukeUniversityfoundthattrackingcanreduce____52____intheactivitybeingquantifiedandmakepeopledolessofthatactivitywhentheyarenotmeasuringit.Goingforalongbikeridecanceasetobeanenjoymentinitselfbutanachievementto____53____aboutonline.Fitnessappsthemselvesarenotabadthing.____54____,ashealth-trackingtechnologybecomesincreasinglycommon–evenkidsusefitnessapps–itisimportanttobeawarethat____55____everyaspectofourlivesisnotnecessarilyhealthy.41.A.accustomedB.addictedC.blindD.grateful42.A.inpracticeB.aboveallC.forexampleD.inbrief43.A.annoyingB.positiveC.strangeD.original44.A.fantasyB.doubtC.exerciseD.data45.A.countB.drainC.burnD.exhaust46.A.recoverB.sufferC.adaptD.explore47.A.advertiseB.realizeC.criticizeD.normalize48.A.strongB.fitC.youngD.energetic49.A.harderB.smarterC.morelikelyD.morebeneficial50.A.littleB.specialC.considerableD.immediate51.A.guaranteedB.revealedC.damagedD.controlled52.A.anxietyB.benefitC.pleasureD.significance

853.A.bringB.boastC.inquireD.hesitate54.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.AdditionallyD.Contrarily55.A.assessingB.adjustingC.quantifyingD.inspecting【答案】41-45.BCBDC46-50.ADBAA51-55.DCBAC【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究，讲述了健身应用程序可能使人们过度关注健康数据，而更容易产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平。41．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，根据爱尔兰国立大学高威分校的一项研究，这些应用程序会让人们对锻炼上瘾。A.accustomed惯常的；B.addicted成瘾的；C.blind失明的；D.grateful感激的。根据（段末）后文“aremorelikelytodevelopanunhealthydesireandhighstresslevels.”以及“Itis_____tospotthesymptomsassociatedwitheatingdisorderswheneveryoneseemstogethookedontheirfitnessstatistics.”可以推测，这些应用程序会让人形成不良的习惯，让人成瘾。故选B项。42．C【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这项研究观察了272名使用Strava工具的骑自行车者，发现那些主要使用该工具来炫耀的人(例如，把自己的锻炼情况贴出来以获得表扬)更有可能产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平。A.inpractice事实上，实际上；B.aboveall首先；C.forexample例如；D.inbrief简短地。根据句意和后文“postingtheirexercisetoreceivepraise”内容可知，这是对前文的举例。故选C项。43．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，能够追踪和分享你锻炼的最微小的细节可能并不总是一件积极的事情。A.annoying令人恼怒的；B.positive积极的；C.strange奇怪的；D.original原来的。根据上文“aremorelikelytodevelopanunhealthydesireandhighstresslevels.”可知，这并不一定是积极的。故选B项。44．D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候有过饮食失调，在一段非常不愉快的时间里，数据主宰了我的生活。A.fantasy幻想；B.doubt怀疑；C.exercise练习；D.data数据。根据下文“Iweighedmyselfseveraltimesaday.Icalculatedeverythingfromhowmanycalorieswereinonebiteofanappletohowmanyextracalories…”可知，此处指“数据”主宰了我的生活。故选D项。45．C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我计算了所有的东西，从一口苹果有多少卡路里，到在寒冷的天气锻炼可以燃烧多少额外的卡路里。A.count计数；B.drain排水；C.burn燃烧；D.exhaust使筋疲力尽。根据常识及前文“howmanyextracalories”可知，此处指“燃烧”。故选C项。46．A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我现在可以使用健康应用程序，我可能需要更长的时间来恢复——不仅因为这些工具使强迫症行为成为可能，还因为它们使强迫症正常化，甚至美化了强迫症。A.recover恢复；B.suffer遭受；C.adapt适应；D.explore探索。根据上文“HadIhadaccesstothehealthappsavailablenow”以及下文“notonlybecausethesekindsoftoolsenableobsessive

9(强迫性的)behaviour,butbecausethey___47___andevenglorifyit.”可知，因为这些程序使作者产生了强迫症，所以如果现在使用健康应用程序，需要“恢复”。故选A项。47．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我现在可以使用健康应用程序，我可能需要更长的时间来恢复——不仅因为这些工具使强迫症行为成为可能，还因为它们使强迫症正常化，甚至美化了强迫症。A.advertise做广告；B.realize意识到；C.criticize批评；D.normalize(使)正常化。根据下文“andevenglorifyit”的并列递进含义，结合选项可知，此处指“正常化”。故选D项。48．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个永远都不会太富有或太健康的时代。A.strong强壮的；B.fit健康的；C.young年轻的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“Itis___49___tospotthesymptomsassociatedwitheatingdisorderswheneveryoneseemstogethookedontheirfitnessstatistics.”可知，此处谈论的是健康统计数据，从而推知，此处指“健康”。故选B项。49．A【解析】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：当每个人似乎都沉迷于他们的健康统计数据时，就更难发现与饮食失调相关的症状。A.harder更艰难的；B.smarter更聪明的；C.morelikely更有可能；D.morebeneficial更有益的。根据上文语境，以及后文“wheneveryoneseemstogethookedontheirfitnessstatistics”可知，更难发现与饮食失调相关的症状。故选A项。50．A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些技术与幸福感之间的负面联系很少受到关注。A.little少的；B.special特别的；C.considerable相当大的；D.immediate立刻的。根据下文“Onlyahandfulofstudieshintatthedarksideofthesedevices”可知，此处指“很少”受到关注。故选A项。51．D【解析】考查动词过去分词词义辨析。句意：例如，美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)2019年对Fitbit的女性用户进行的一项研究发现，59%的人感觉日常生活被他们的设备控制，30%的人表示Fitbit让他们感到内疚。A.guaranteed保证；B.revealed揭示；C.damaged损坏；D.controlled控制。根据上文（第一段末）“aremorelikelytodevelopanunhealthydesireandhighstresslevels.”等语境可知，应用程序设备更有可能产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平，从而推测，人们的日常生活被设备控制。故选D项。52．C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杜克大学(DukeUniversity)2015年的一项研究发现，跟踪会降低被量化活动中的乐趣，当人们不进行测量时，会减少该活动。A.anxiety焦虑；B.benefit益处；C.pleasure愉悦；D.significance意义。根据下文“Goingforalongbikeridecanceasetobeanenjoymentinitselfbutanachievementto___53___aboutonline.”可知，此处指降低了“乐趣”。故选C项。53．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车长途旅行本身不再是一种享受，而是一种可以在网上夸耀的成就。A.bring带来；B.boast夸耀；C.inquire询问；D.hesitate犹豫。根据上文（第一段最后一句中）“thatpeoplewhomainlyusethetooltoshowoff”可知，此处指“炫耀”。故选B项。

1054．A【解析】考查连接副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着健康追踪技术变得越来越普遍——甚至孩子们也在使用健身应用程序——意识到量化我们生活的方方面面并不一定是健康的，这一点很重要。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Additionally另外；D.Contrarily相反。后文“notnecessarilyhealthy”等内容和前文“Fitnessappsthemselvesarenotabadthing”存在转折关系。故选A项。55．C【解析】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着健康追踪技术变得越来越普遍——甚至孩子们也在使用健身应用程序——意识到量化我们生活的方方面面并不一定是健康的，这一点很重要。A.assessing评估；B.adjusting调整；C.quantifying量化；D.inspecting检查。根据前文（第二段中）“Iweighedmyselfseveraltimesaday.IcalculatedeverythingfromhowmanycalorieswereinonebiteofanappletohowmanyextracaloriesIwould___45___byexercisingincoldweather.”可知，此处指运用健身应用程序进行“量化”。故选C项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Eatingnutsandpeanutsreducestheriskofsufferingaheartattackorstroke,anewstudyclaims.Researchersfoundtheywerelinkedwithareducedriskofdeathfromheartdiseaseamongpeopleonlowincomes.Andtheybelievetheirfindingssuggestpeanutsmaybeacost-effectivemeasuretoimprovecardiovascular(心血管)healthbecausetheyaresocheap.However,expertsheededtodaythatsalt-coverednutswouldnothavethesamehealthbenefits.Nutsarerichinnutrientsandpeanuts,althoughclassifiedasonebean,havenutrientssimilartotreenuts.Thenewstudy,ledbyDrXiao-OuShu,oftheVanderbiltUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Tennessee,analysedvariousgroupsofpeople.Oneinvolved72,000low-incomeblackandwhitemenandwomenlivingintheUS,theother134,000menandwomenlivinginShanghai,China.Inbothgroups,menatemorepeanutsthanwomen.IntheUSgroup,abouthalfofthenutsconsumedwerepeanuts,andintheChinesegrouponlypeanutconsumptionwasconsidered.Theresearchersfoundthatoverall,eatingnutsreducedtheriskofdeathfromheartdisease.Thiswasregardlessofgender,race,bodycondition,smoking,alcoholconsumptionandconditionssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病),highbloodpressureandobesity.IntheUS,thehighestconsumptionresultedinariskreductionof21percent.IntheChinesegroup,itwas17percent.

11DrShusaid:“Weobservednosignificantassociationsbetweennutorpeanutconsumptionandriskofdeathduetocanceranddiabetes.”Sheaddedthefindingshighlightthelargepublichealthimpactofnutorpeanutconsumptioninloweringdeathsfromheartdisease-especiallyfortheiraffordability.TheresearchwaspublishedinJAMAInternalMedicine.DrMitchellKatz,deputyeditorofthejournal,added:“Ofcourse,peanutsarenotreallynuts-theyarelegumessincetheygrowinbushes,unliketreenuts.Butwhocaresiftheyhelpustolivelongeratanaffordableprice?”56.Peanutsareconsideredveryusefulinimprovinghearthealthmainlybecause________.A.nutsarerateB.peoplecanaffordtobuypeanutsC.peanutsarepeople’sfavoriteD.peanutsandnutsarethesame57.Inparagraph2,theunderlinedword“heeded”isprobablytheclosestto________.A.warnedB.protestedC.concernedD.doubted58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Peanutsareclassifiedasnuts.B.TheChineseeatlesspeanutsthanAmericans.C.Peanutshavenoeffectsoncancer.D.Peopledon’tcareaboutthepriceofthenuts.59.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Peanuts:abestnutB.Peanuts:People’sfavoriteC.Peanuts:amedicineforallD.Morepeanuts,fewerdeaths【答案】56.B57.A58.C59.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新研究：吃坚果和花生可以降低患心脏病或中风的风险。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Andtheybelievetheirfindingssuggestpeanutsmaybeacost-effectivemeasuretoimprovecardiovascular(心血管)healthbecausetheyaresocheap.(他们认为，他们的研究结果表明，花生可能是改善心血管健康的一种划算的措施，因为它们很便宜。)”可知，花生被认为对改善心脏健康非常有用，主要是因为人们买得起花生。故选B项。【57题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Andtheybelievetheirfindingssuggestpeanutsmaybeacost-effectivemeasuretoimprovecardiovascular(心血管)healthbecausetheyaresocheap.

12(他们认为，他们的研究结果表明，花生可能是改善心血管健康的一种划算的措施，因为它们很便宜。)”以及第二段第一句“However,expertsheededtodaythatsalt-coverednutswouldnothavethesamehealthbenefits.(然而，专家们今天heeded说，含盐坚果不会有同样的健康益处。)”可知，前后为转折关系，虽然坚果类很便宜，但是含盐坚果不会有同样的健康益处，所以应为专家的“警告”。故选A项。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“DrShusaid:“Weobservednosignificantassociationsbetweennutorpeanutconsumptionandriskofdeathduetocanceranddiabetes.”(舒博士说：“我们没有观察到坚果或花生摄入量与癌症和糖尿病死亡风险之间的显著联系。”)”可知，花生对癌症的治疗没有效。故选C项。【59题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Eatingnutsandpeanutsreducestheriskofsufferingaheartattackorstroke,anewstudyclaims.(一项新研究称，吃坚果和花生可以降低患心脏病或中风的风险。)”可知，“多吃花生和坚果，患心脏病或中风的风险变低”适合作文章标题。故选D项。(B)AfricanelephantsThesebeautifulbeastscomeclosetoimitatingteenrebellion.Kidsspendadecadewiththeirmothersinfemale-dominatedgroups~~andladiesstaythere-butadolescentboysleavemomfornoisycrewsofbrothers.Intheir20s,theyoftendownsizetosmallermalegroups.OrangutansSlowmetabolisms(新陈代谢)allowthemtosurvivefoodshortages—timeswhenweathermakesripefruitscarce.Butenergyefficiencycomesatacost;growthandmaturationtaketime.Orangutanmamasnursetheiryounglongerthananyotherwildcreaturedoes.

13OrcasKillerwhalesjointheirmother’sfamilialgroupforlife.Thisforever-bondseemstoincreaseababy’schanceofsurvival;ifmomdies,ayoungmale(under30)isthreetimesmorelikelytodiethanapeerwhosemotherisalive.Riskofdeathpost-mom-deathrisesaskidsgetolder.HumansWhydowetakesolongtobake?Ourbigbrainsneedupto25yearstomature—aperiodthatmightmakeusmoreinnovative.Onestudyofteensandyoungadultsfoundthatyouthsoutperformedtheiroldergenerationsintasksrequiringexplorationandadaptation.HarpsealsAharpseal’s“childhood”lastsjust12days.Ababy’sonlypurposeduringthatbriefperiodofgrowingistoconstantlynursegainingafifthofitsbirthweightinblubber(鲸脂)everyday.Onceit’sheavyenoughitsweightincreasingabout25to80poundsitslidesofftheiceand.WoWspidersEveryparentknowsthattiredkidslovetotakeapiggybackride.Thewolfspiderstrapsallheryoungins(40or50,onaverage)ontoherbackatonce,carryingthemuntiltheyarecapableoffullyfunctionalspider-hood.Butluckilysheonlyhastocarrythemforafewdays.takesonthesea.60.Whichofthefollowinglivetheirfamiliesforthelongesttime?A.Africanelephants.B.Orangutans.C.Orcas.D.Humans.61.Whatdoorangutansandhumanshaveincommon?

14A.Botharegoodatsurvivingfoodshortages.B.Bothneedarelativelylongtimetomature.C.Bothgetmoreintelligentthanoldgenerations.D.Bothareabletoslowdowntheirmetabolisms.62.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofharpseals?A.Theirchildhoodlastsevenshorterthanwolfspiders.B.Theirweightgenerallyrangesfrom25to80pounds.C.Theycangainaboutsixpoundseachdaybeforetheygotothesea.D.Theyusuallynurseeachotherduringthefirst12daysoftheirlife.【答案】60.C61.B62.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种动物成长的特点。【60题详解】细节理解题。文章Orcas段讲到“Thisforever-bondseemstoincreaseababy’schanceofsurvival(这种永久的联系似乎增加了婴儿的生存机会)”可知Orcas是永久地生活在家庭里，因此家庭生活时间最长的是Orcas，故选C。【61题详解】推理判断题。文章Orangutans段讲到“growthandmaturationtaketime(成长和成熟需要时间)”以及文章第Humans段讲到“Ourbigbrainsneedupto25yearstomature(我们的大脑最长需要25年才能成熟)”可知猩猩和人类的共同点是两者都需要相对较长的时间才能成熟，故选B。【62题详解】细节理解题。文章harpseals段讲到“Aharpseal’s‘childhood’lastsjust12days.(harpseals的‘童年’只持续12天。)”以及“itsweightincreasingabout25to80pounds(它的重量会增加大约25到80磅)”可知关于harpseals在出海之前每天增长的体重是25÷12约等于2.08镑或者80÷12约等于6.6镑，使用说法正确的是他们在入海前每天可以增加大约六磅，故选C。(C)Insectsaredisappearing.Theworldhas25percentfewerterrestrialinsectsnowthanin1990.Thisincludesthosewerelyontopollinateourcropsandcleanourrivers.Ifwedon’tsolvethisproblemverysoon,somespecieswilldisappear.Therearemanycausesfortheinsectdecline,butinsecticides(杀虫剂)areamajorpartoftheproblem.Thoseusedtodayarelongerlastingandupto10,000timesmoretoxicthansomethatwerebannedinthe1970s.Addingto

15theproblemisthatthesepesticidesarenowappliedtocropsprophylactically(预防地)andusedwhetherpestsarepresentornot.Overall,theamountofpesticideappliedtothelandisdecreasing,butthisisagrosslymisleadingstatistic.Arecentpaperfoundthat,between2005and2015,therewasa40percentreductionintheamountofpesticideappliedtocropsmeasuredbyweight.Butbecausemodeminsecticidesaresomuchmoretoxic,theglobaltoxicityoftreatedlandtopollinatinginsectshasmorethandoubledinthesameperiod.Governmentsandregulatingagenciesareawareoftheproblem,andsomepartsoftheworldhavemovedtobantheuseofcertaininsecticidesoutdoorsinanattempttohelpbeessurvive.Butthepesticidesusedinsteadarejustastoxic.Oneoften-toutedapproachistousepesticide-freepestcontrolmethods.Thesevariedtechniquesaregatheredunderthenameofintegratedpestmanagement(IPM)andhavebeenaroundfordecades.Theyoffereffectivecropprotectionandincludemethodssuchascroprotationandtheuseofnaturalpredators.Buttheiradoptionhasbeenincrediblyslow,becausesprayingpesticidesisviewedasaneasieroption.Asaresult,IPMmethodsareunfortunatelyseldomusedtodayNeitherchanginginsecticidesnorshiftingtoIPMisaquickfix.Weargueinsteadthatweneedasubtleshiftinfocus,awayfromkillingpestsandtowardsprotectingcrops.Byusingtheminimaldoseweneedtoprotectcrops,wecouldreducetheamountofinsecticidetoafractionofwhatisusedtoday.Farmerswouldbenefitfromthesechanges.Theywouldspendlessmoneyonpesticidesandimprovecropproductionbykeepinghealthpollinatorinsectsabout.Reducinginsecticidedoseswon’tsolvetheinsectdeclineproblembutitisamovethatcouldwinustimetomakefoodproductionmoresustainableandreconcile(使和谐)farmlandsandthenaturalecosystemswecruciallydependon.Andthatwillallowinsectstorecover.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthestatementsisNOTtrueabouttheinsectdecline?A.Currently-usedpesticidesaremuchmoretoxicthanbefore.B.Pesticideshaveplayedakeyroleinreducingthenumberofinsects.C.Theamountofpesticidesusedismuchmorethanbefore.D.Thetoxicityinpesticideslastslongerthanbefore.64.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph5?A.Broadly-publicized.B.Recently-created.C.Frequently-criticized.D.Generally-proved.65.Whatisthebestwaytotreattheinsectdecline?

16A.Toprotectcropsratherthankillingoutinsects.B.Toraiselarge-scalenaturalpredatorsofinsects.C.Tosearchanddevelopnewpesticides.D.ToshifttotheIPMpesticide-controllingmethod.66.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Insectscontrol—thereisstillalongwaytogoB.Insectsdecline!TakemeasuresrightnowC.NewfindingsinthefieldofinsectscontrolD.Shiftinpesticideusecouldhelpinsectsrecover【答案】63.C64.A65.A66.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出昆虫正在消失。现在世界上陆地昆虫的数量比1990年减少了25%。这包括我们为作物授粉和清洁河流所依赖的生物。如果我们不尽快解决这个问题，一些物种将会消失。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Overall,theamountofpesticideappliedtothelandisdecreasing,butthisisagrosslymisleadingstatistic.Arecentpaperfoundthat,between2005and2015,therewasa40percentreductionintheamountofpesticideappliedtocropsmeasuredbyweight.(总的来说，施用在土地上的农药数量正在减少，但这是一个严重误导的统计数字。最近的一篇论文发现，从2005年到2015年，按重量计算的作物农药使用量减少了40%)”可知，“杀虫剂的使用量比以前多了很多”与原文不符。故选C。【64题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Thesevariedtechniquesaregatheredunderthenameofintegratedpestmanagement(IPM)andhavebeenaroundfordecades.Theyoffereffectivecropprotectionandincludemethodssuchascroprotationandtheuseofnaturalpredators.(这些不同的技术汇集在虫害综合治理(IPM)的名下，已经存在了几十年。它们提供有效的作物保护，包括作物轮作和使用自然捕食者等方法)”可推知，使用无杀虫剂的害虫控制方法是被虫害综合治理所推崇的。由此推知，划线词often-touted与broadly-publicized(广泛宣传的)意思接近。故选A。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“NeitherchanginginsecticidesnorshiftingtoIPMisaquickfix.Weargueinsteadthatweneedasubtleshiftinfocus,awayfromkillingpestsandtowardsprotectingcrops.(无论是更换杀虫剂还是改用IPM都不是快速解决之道。相反，我们认为我们需要把重点从消灭害虫转移到保护农作物上)”可知，对付昆虫数量减少的最好办法是保护农作物，而不是消灭昆虫。故选A。【66题详解】

17主旨大意题。根据第一段“Insectsaredisappearing.(昆虫正在消失)”，第二段中的“Therearemanycausesfortheinsectdecline,butinsecticides(杀虫剂)areamajorpartoftheproblem.(昆虫数量减少的原因有很多，但杀虫剂是主要原因)”，倒数第二段“NeitherchanginginsecticidesnorshiftingtoIPMisaquickfix.Weargueinsteadthatweneedasubtleshiftinfocus,awayfromkillingpestsandtowardsprotectingcrops.(无论是更换杀虫剂还是改用IPM都不是快速解决之道。相反，我们认为我们需要把重点从消灭害虫转移到保护农作物上)”和最后一段中的“Reducinginsecticidedoseswon’tsolvetheinsectdeclineproblembutitisamovethatcouldwinustimetomakefoodproductionmoresustainableandreconcile(使和谐)farmlandsandthenaturalecosystemswecruciallydependon.Andthatwillallowinsectstorecover.(减少杀虫剂的用量并不能解决昆虫数量减少的问题，但这一举措可以为我们赢得时间，使粮食生产更具可持续性，并协调农田和我们极其依赖的自然生态系统。这将使昆虫得以恢复)”可知，文章主要介绍了如何解决昆虫消失与杀虫剂之间的关系。由此可知，Shiftinpesticideusecouldhelpinsectsrecover(农药使用的转变可以帮助昆虫恢复)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.youneed.A.Wetriedtomoderatethatdiscountratedownsomewhat.B.Therewillbe25%fewerfreshmenthantheschoolhadbankedon.C.Thedeclineissupposedtocontinue.D.Fewerstudentswillchoosetheschoolduetoitshightuition.E.Layoffsare‘alastoption’,aspokeswomansad.F.Howeverthenumberofstudentsisassumedtoreturntonormal.StudentDroughtBitsSmallerUniversitiesAsLoyolaUniversityNewOrleansisgettingreadyforfallclassesnextmonth,the101-year-olduniversityfacesacrisis:____67____‘Itwasaprettybighit,’saidMareK.Manganaro,vicepresidentforacademicaffairs.Now,alongwithpreparingforfallcourses,LoyolaofficialsareworriedabouthowtoplugaS9.5millionshortfallintheschool’sS163millionannualbudget,theresultof221fewerfreshmenthanexpected.SincelastMay,the5,000-studentprivatecollegehasimposedahiringfreeze,reducedfacultyhours,hiredoutsidefirmstorevampitsmarketingandfinancialaid,andissettingupearly-retirementpackagesforsomefaculty.Ifthatisn’tsufficienttofillthegap,theschoolmaytapitsS275millionendowment.____68____.Manyinhighereducationbelievethismightbeatrendforsmallercolleges.Afterdecadesofgrowth,college

18enrollmentnationallydropped2.3%thisspring,comparedwithspring2012accordingtoareportreleasedbytheNationalStudentClearinghouseResearchCenter.____69____ThenumberofU.S.high-schoolgraduatespeakedat3.4millionin2010-2011andisprojectedtofallto3.2millionby2013-14,accordingtotheWesternInterstateCommissionforHigherEducation.Loyolahassetupnumerouscommitteestofigureoutwhatwentwrongandmakesureitdoesn'thappenagain.Schoolofficialswereshockedthisyearbythelowfallturnout.ThevicepresidentforenrollmentmanagementresignedabruptlyinJune.Loyolaofficialsbelieveareasonforthedeclinewasareductioninfinancialaiditofferedtotheincomingclassoffits$35,504tuition,fromanaveragediscountof58%lastyeartoabout55%thisfall.“____70____.Ithinkthemarketansweredbackonthat”saidMr.Manganaro.【答案】67.B68.E69.C70.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学生人数减少影响到了规模较小的大学的社会现象以及大学对此的应对措施。【67题详解】根据上文“AsLoyolaUniversityNewOrleansisgettingreadyforfallclassesnextmonth,the101-year-olduniversityfacesacrisis(新奥尔良洛约拉大学正为下个月的秋季课程做准备,这所拥有101年历史的大学面临着一场危机)”以及后文“Itwasaprettybighit(这是一个相当大的打击)”可知,后文提到了某事是一个很大的打击。由此可知,本句是在说明这一打击是什么。故B选项“新生人数将比学校预计的少25%”符合语境,故选B。【68题详解】根据上文“SincelastMay,the5,000-studentprivatecollegehasimposedahiringfreeze,reducedfacultyhours,hiredoutsidefirmstorevampitsmarketingandfinancialaid,andissettingupearly-retirementpackagesforsomefaculty.Ifthatisn’tsufficienttofillthegap,theschoolmaytapitsS275millionendowment.(自去年5月以来,这所拥有5000名学生的私立大学冻结了招聘,减少了教师的工作时间,聘请外部公司来改进其营销和财政援助,并为一些教师制定了提前退休计划。如果这还不足以填补缺口,学校可能会动用2.75亿瑞典克朗的捐赠基金)”可知,上文提到大学为应对资金缺少所采取的一些措施,上文主要以制定退休计划和基金为主,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文说明其它措施。故E选项“一位发言人表示,裁员是‘最后的选择’”符合语境,故选E。【69题详解】根据上文“Manyinhighereducationbelievethismightbeatrendforsmallercolleges.Afterdecadesofgrowth,collegeenrollmentnationallydropped2.3%thisspring,comparedwithspring2012accordingtoareportreleased

19bytheNationalStudentClearinghouseResearchCenter.(许多高等教育界人士认为,这可能是规模较小的学院的趋势。美国国家学生交流中心发布的一份报告显示,在经历了几十年的增长之后,今年春季全国大学入学人数较2012年春季下降了2.3%)”可知,上文提到了春季全国大学入学人数减少的情况。由此可知,本句承接上文进一步说明人数减少的趋势。故C选项“下降应该会继续”符合语境,故选C。【70题详解】根据上文“Loyolaofficialsbelieveareasonforthedeclinewasareductioninfinancialaiditofferedtotheincomingclassoffits$35,504tuition,fromanaveragediscountof58%lastyeartoabout55%thisfall.(洛约拉大学的管理人员认为,学生人数下降的一个原因是学校减少了对新生提供的助学金,从去年平均减免了58%的学费,降至今年秋季的55%左右)”可知,上一段提到了学校给学生的助学金有所减少,故本句是Manganaro对此做法的看法,故A选项“我们试图把贴现率降低一些”符合语境,故选A。IV.SummaryWriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Regularexercisecanreduceawoman’sriskofcancer,butthebenefitsmayslipawayifshegetstoolittlesleep,U.S.researcherssaidonMonday.Thestudyinvolving5,968womeninMarylandconfirmedpreviousfindingsthatpeoplewhodoregularphysicalactivityarelesslikelytodevelopcancer.Butwhentheresearcherslookedatthewomenages18to65whowereintheupperhalfintermsoftheamountofphysicalexercisetheygotperweek,theyfoundthatsleepappearedtoplayanimportantroleincancerrisk.Thosewhosleptlessthansevenhoursnightlyhada47percenthigherriskofcancerthanthosewhogotmoresleepamongthephysicallyactivewomen,theresearchersreportedatameetingoftheAmericanAssociationforCancerResearch.“Wethinkit’squiteinterestingandintriguing.It’skindofafirstlookintothis.Itisn’tsomethingthathasbeenwidelystudied,”JamesMcClainoftheNationalCancerInstitute,partoftheU.S.government’sNationalInstitutesofHealth,saidinatelephoneinterview.McClain,wholedthestudy,saiditisunclearexactlyhowgettingtoolittlesleepmaymakeonemoresusceptible(易受感染的) tocancer.“Gettingadequatesleephasbeenlongassociatedwithhealth,”McClainsaid.TheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventioncallssleeplossanunder-recognizedpublichealthproblem,sayingAmericansaregettinglessandlessslumber.TheCDCP saidthepercentageofadultsreporting

20sleepingsixhoursorlessanightincreasedfrom1985to2006.Sleepexpertssaychronicsleeplossisassociatedwithobesity,diabetes,highbloodpressure,stroke,cardiovasculardisease,depression,cigarettesmokingandexcessivedrinking.Inaddition,researchhadshownthatpeoplewhogetregularexercisehaveareducedriskofbreast,colonandothertypesofcancer.Expertsthinktheeffectsofexerciseonthebody’shormonelevels,immunefunctionandbodyweightmayplayanimportantrole.71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:USresearchershave foundthatregularexercisesmayhaveanactiveeffectonthebody’shormonelevels,immunefunction andbodyweightwhichthusmayreducetheriskofcancer.Butthebenefitsmayslipawayifshegetstoolittlesleep,especiallylessthansevenhoursnightly which maycausesuchhealthproblemsasobesity,depressionandsoon. However, itisstillunclearexactlyhowsleepinglittlemaymakepeople moresusceptibletocancer.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国研究人员发现，定期锻炼可能对身体激素水平、免疫功能和体重产生积极影响，从而降低患癌症的风险。但是，如果睡眠太少，尤其是每晚睡眠不足7小时，可能会导致肥胖、抑郁等健康问题，那么这些好处可能会溜走。然而，目前还不清楚睡眠不足究竟是如何使人们更容易患癌症的。【详解】1要点摘录①Regularexercisecanreduceawoman’sriskofcancer,butthebenefitsmayslipawayifshegetstoolittlesleep,U.S.researcherssaidonMonday.②Thosewhosleptlessthansevenhoursnightlyhada47percenthigherriskofcancerthanthosewhogotmoresleepamongthephysicallyactivewomen.③itisunclearexactlyhowgettingtoolittlesleepmaymakeonemoresusceptible（易受感染的）tocancer.④Sleepexpertssaychronicsleeplossisassociatedwithobesity,diabetes,highbloodpressure,stroke,cardiovasculardisease,depression,cigarettesmokingandexcessivedrinking.⑤Expertsthinktheeffectsofexerciseonthebody’shormonelevels,immunefunctionandbodyweightmayplayanimportantrole.

212.缜密构思将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、4两个要点进行整合。将第3个要点用自己的话进行简要表述。3.遣词造句USresearchershavefoundthatregularexercisesmayhaveanactiveeffectonthebody’shormonelevels,immunefunctionandbodyweightwhichthusmayreducetheriskofcancer.Butthebenefitsmayslipawayifshegetstoolittlesleep,especiallylessthansevenhoursnightlywhichmaycausesuchhealthproblemsasobesity,depressionandsoon.However,itisstillunclearexactlyhowsleepinglittlemaymakepeoplemoresusceptibletocancer.【点睛】[高分句型1]USresearchershavefoundthatregularexercisesmayhaveanactiveeffectonthebody’shormonelevels,immunefunctionandbodyweightwhichthusmayreducetheriskofcancer.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和最后一段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、短语haveaneffecton，which引导的定语从句等表达高级。[高分句型2]：However,itisstillunclearexactlyhowsleepinglittlemaymakepeoplemoresusceptibletocancer.用how引导主语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。V.Translation(第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.这家以牛排为特色的饭店很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定。（feature）72.【答案】Therestaurantfeaturingsteaksispopularand/sothecustomershavetoreserveatableatleasttwoweeksahead.或翻译为：Therestaurantwhichfeaturessteaksissopopularthatthecustomershavetoreserveatableatleasttwoweeksahead.【解析】【详解】本句考点较多，翻译方法各异，考查非谓语或定语从句或并列句或结果状语从句。根据句意可知，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，“这家以牛排为特色的饭店”可以使用which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant(饭店)，译为therestaurantwhichfeaturessteaks，“很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定”可以使用so...that“如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句，“受欢迎”使用bepopular，“至少要提前两周预定”译为havetoreserveatableatleasttwoweeksahead。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Therestaurantwhichfeaturessteaksissopopularthatthecustomershavetoreserveatableatleasttwoweeksahead.73.事实证据越具体，论点就越有说服力。(Themore…,themore...)73.【答案】Themorespecificthefactualevidenceis,themoreconvincingtheargumentis.【解析】

22【详解】考查固定句式和形容词。根据汉语句意可知，此处表示“越……，就越……”可用themore…,themore…句式；表示“事实证据”可用thefactualevidence；表示“具体”可用specific；表示“论点”可用theargument；表示“有说服力”可用convincing。故翻译为Themorespecificthefactualevidenceis,themoreconvincingtheargumentis.。74.直播带货虽然很火，但其带来的诸如伪劣产品和售后服务等问题也不容小觑。(Despite)74.【答案】Despitethehugepopularityoflivestreamingmarketing/Despitethefactthatlivestreamingmarketingisverypopular，problemsbrought（about）byitsuchasfakeandinferior/sub-standardproductsandafter-salescan’tbeoverlooked/ignored/neglected.【详解】考查连词、动词、短语和名词。根据中文句意可知前面为让步状语，用指定介词Despite来引导，句中表示“直播带货”用名词短语livestreamingmarketing；表示“很火”用短语verypopular；主句中表示“伪劣产品”用fakeandinferior/sub-standardproducts；表示“售后服务”用after-sales；表示“不容小觑”用can’tbeoverlooked/ignored/neglected。故翻译为Despitethehugepopularityoflivestreamingmarketing/Despitethefactthatlivestreamingmarketingisverypopular，problemsbrought（about）byitsuchasfakeandinferior/sub-standardproductsandafter-salescan’tbeoverlooked/ignored/neglected。75.与其说他是个诗人，不如说是个画家，给读者呈现了唐朝的繁荣，开放和包容的景象。(as)75.【答案】Heismoreofapainterthanapoet,ashepresentsapictureofprosperity,opennessandtoleranceintheTangDynastytoreaders.【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配，名词和形容词。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；表示“与其说……不如说……”用moreof+n.+than+n.，表示“画家”用painter，表示“诗人”用poet；“给读者呈现了唐朝的繁荣，开放和包容的景象”处理为as引导的原因状语从句，表示“给某人展现”用presentsth.tosb.。主语是he，谓语动词用三单形式presents，表示“唐朝”用TangDynasty，表示“读者”用reader，这里用复数readers，表示“繁荣”用prosperity，表示“开放”用openness，表示“包容”用tolerance。故翻译为Heismoreofapainterthanapoet,ashepresentsapictureofprosperity,opennessandtoleranceintheTangDynastytoreaders.VI.GuidedWriting（25分）Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.实验学校为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场(分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场)的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。假设你是该校学生王梓，请给负责的朱老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。

23邮件内容须包括：1.增加的专场的名称；2.该专场的具体内容；3.增加该专场的理由。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearMr.Zhu,Inordertofurtherenrichtheschoolartfestival,ourschooldecidedtoaddanotherspecialsessiononthebasisoftheoriginalthreespecialsessions(namely,calligraphy,instrumentalmusicandsong).Istronglyrecommendthatphotographicworkshouldbeincludedasanimportantaspectoftheartfestival.Whoeverisinterestedinphotographycansubmittheirphotostotakepartintheexhibition.Mysuggestionliesinthefollowingtworeasons.Ontheonehand,forthestudentswhoarefondoftakingphotos,thephotographicexhibitioncanstimulatethemtodiscoverthebeautyofoursurroundings.Withthesayinggoing,beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.Suchanactivitywilldefinitelyfostersharpeyeofphotographers.Ontheotherhand,forthestudentswhoappreciatethephotos,theyaregivenashort-cuttothebeautyofthenatureandthesociety.Yours,WangZi【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校的朱老师写一封电子邮件，就进一步丰富学校艺术节、增加一个专场一事表达你的意见。【详解】1.词汇积累为了：inorderto→soasto建议：recommend→suggest重要的：important→significant参加：takepartin→participatein2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Withthesayinggoing,beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.

24拓展句：Asthesayinggoes,beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.【点睛】【高分句型1】Whoeverisinterestedinphotographycansubmittheirphotostotakepartintheexhibition.(运用了Whoever引导的主语从句)【高分句型2】Ontheotherhand,forthestudentswhoappreciatethephotos,theyaregivenashort-cuttothebeautyofthenatureandthesociety.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)附：听力文字稿：ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.M:Isthisseattaken?W.Idon'tthinkso.Thegirlwhowasherefinishedherlunchandleft.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?2.M:Iwanttocashthischeck.w:Willyousteprightovertotheteller'swindow,please?Q:Whatisprobablytherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?3W:Gary,didyouturninthelockerkey?M:No,IgotSamtodoit.Q:WhatdoesGarysayaboutthelockerkey?4:W:Thatseahouseisexcellent.YesterdayIorderedacappuccinocoffee.Myhusbandhadavegetablesaladandmysonhadachocolatemilkshakethere.M:MaybesomedayI'llgothereandhaveatryQ:Whatdidthewoman'ssonhaveattheseahouse?5.M:I'dliketodrivetothetheatre,butmybrotherisusingthecartonight.W:Noproblem.Whatabouttakingthesubway?Thestationisn'tfarawayfromhere.Q:What'sthewoman'ssuggestion?

256.W:Peter,I'veenteredyouforthiswonderfulpianocourseM:Mum,don'tyouthinkIamoldenoughtomakedecisionsformyself?Q:Whatdoestheboymean?7.M:Hi,Betty,areyougoingtoteachafteryougraduatefromthatuniversity?W:Wheredidyougettheidea?Q:WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBetty?8.M:IsthereanyassignmentfornextTuesday?W:Nothingtoreadorwrite.Butwe'resupposedtolistentoaradioprogramandbereadytotalkaboutitinclass.Q:WhathavethestudentsbeenaskedtodobeforeTuesday?9.W:Whereisthenearestgasstation?M:Ifonlysomeonecouldtellme.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?10.M:Youdidn'tdrivehere,didyou?W;No,Ididn't.Iwasgoingto,butmycarbrokedown.Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.InTokyotherearealwaystoomanypeopleintheplaceswhere1wanttogo.Thatisanimportantfactforme.Ofcoursetherearetoomanycars.TheJapanesedriveveryfastwhentheycan,butinTokyotheyoftenspendalongtimeintrafficjams.Inthisrespect,TokyoisnotdifferentfromLondon,ParisorNewYork.Itisdifferentwhenonewantstowalk.AtcertaintimesofthedaytheremaybealotofpeopleonfootinLondon'sOxfordStreetornearthebigshopsandstoresinothergreatcities.ButthestreetsneartheGinzainTokyoarealwaysfullofpeopleonfoot,andsometimesitisreallydifficulttowalk.Theworsttimetobeinthestreetisat11:30atnight.Thatiswhenthenightclubsareclosingandeverybody

26wantstogohome.Thereareabout35,000nightclubsinTokyo,andyoudon'toftenseeonethatisempty.Between11p.m.and12a.m.everybodyislookingforataxi.Usuallythetaxiissharedbyfourorfivepeoplewholiveinthesamepartofthecity.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions:11.Forthespeaker,whatistheimportantfactaboutTokyo?12.Forthespeaker,whenistheworsttimetobeinthestreet?13.HowmanynightclubsarethereinTokyo?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Anundergroundroomcontaining1.5tonsofancientcoins,includingsome2,000-year-oldones,hasbeendiscoveredbyavillagerinChangziCounty,northChina'sShanxiProvinceThemaninQianwanhuVillagediscoveredtheundergroundroomwithsome10,000coins,rangingfrom3cmto1cmindiameter,onAugust23whenhewasdiggingachanneltoplacepipesfortapwater,saidLiLin,anofficialoftheChangziCentreofCulturalHeritageandTourismMostofthecoinsweremadeduringtheNorthernSongDynastywiththerestmadeduringHanDynastyandTangDynastyArchaeologistssaidthecoinswerethereforthefollowingreasons:thecoinsweresomeone'sprivatewealth;ortheywereburiedbyancientChineseprivatebanksduringthewar;ortheybelongedtorichpeoplewhoburiedthemduringwarbuthadforgottenthemThecoinshavebeensenttolocalculturalrelicsauthorities.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions14.Wherewerethecoinsfound?15.Whendidthemandiscovertheundergroundroom?16.Howmanyreasonswerementionedforthecoinstobethere?Questions17and18arebasedonthefollowingconversationW:Daniel,didyouhaveadreamwhenyouwerealittleboy?M:OfcourseIdid.IdreamedtobeapilotwhenIgrowup.Butunfortunately,Ididn'trealizeit.AndMary

27howaboutyou?W:Ihadthesameexperiencewithyou.WhenIwasalittlegirl,Idreamedtobeagreatscientist.Butnowyousee,I'mjustacommonofficeclerk.M:Okay,forgetaboutthat.So,doyouhavesomepracticaldreamsatpresent?W:Ido.AndnowI'mworkinghardtolearnEnglish,andIwanttobeaninterpretersomeday.M:You'repromising.Justfollowyourdream,andasthesayinggoes,nevergiveupwhateveryoudo.Ithinkisthemostimportantthingontheroadtosuccess.W:Thankyouforyourencouragement.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions:17.WhatwasDaniel'sdreamwhenhewasalittleboy?18.WhatdoesMarywanttodoatpresent?Questions19and20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.M:Haveyounoticedthenewdustbindownstairs,attheentranceofthemainbuilding?W:Yeah,ofcourse.Itlooksfunny,though,likeabattery,What'sitfor?Isitreallyforgarbage?M:Notreally.Actuallyit'sadustbinforusedbatteries.W:Usedbatteries?Whatdoyoumeanbythat?Whydoweneedaspecialdustbinforusedbatteries?M:Well,youknowtherearestillalotofheavymetalsleftinusedbatteries,sobyrecyclingthebatteries,wecannotonlymakefulluseofthemetalsleft,butalsopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.W:Oh,Isee.Canthiswork?Oureffortsaretoolimited.M:TheStudentUnionissponsoringaone-monthprogramcalled“GreenMovement”,whichisaimedatmakingmareandnotestudentsawareofseriousenvironmentalproblemswearefacingnow.W:Soundsquiteexciting-"GreenMovement”.WhatcanIdo?M:Well,quitealot.Atleastyoucanstopusingthoseplasticmeal-boxesanddisposablewoodenchopsticks.Theyareabigwasteofresources.Well,therewillbealecturetomorrowafternoonatfouro'clockYoumayattendifyouareinterested.W:Tomorrowafternoon...letmethink...yeah,Ihappentobefree.Iwillgothere.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions19.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?

2820.Whatisthepurposeofthe"GreenMovement"?

29