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唐义均英语四级冲刺词汇与阅读理解预测Test121.Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas_____tointerrupt.A)rudeC)roughB)coarseD)crude22.Itwasasmallcountryhousebutitwaslarge_____urbanstandards.A)atC)byB)forD)from23.Texas,thesecondlargeststateofAmerica,is_____innaturalresources.A)wealthyC)scatteredB)abundantD)deposited24.Smallboysare_____questioners.Theyaskquestionsallthetime.A)originalC)peculiarB)imaginativeD)persistent25.Moststudentshave_____forthosewhocheatinexams.A)shockC)sorrowB)scornD)shame26.The_____offindinggoldinCaliforniaweregoodinthe1840's.A)proposalsC)prospectsB)promisesD)privileges27.Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare_____.A)outofworkC)outofstockB)outofreachD)outofpractice28.Haveyouanythingtosay_____theproposal?A)withregardtoC)onbehalfofB)incontrasttoD)forthepurposeof29.Therearenationswhoselackofcontactwiththeoutsideworldhas_______poverty.A)fallenintoC)resultedinB)consistedinD)comeupto30.Thebombwill_____themomentitistouched.A)goonC)gooffB)gooutD)goover31.Ourhouseisaboutamilefromthestationandtherearenotmanyhouses_____.A)inbetweenC)farapartB)amongthemD)fromeachother32.ThedrowningchildwassavedbyDick's_____action.A)acuteC)profoundB)alertD)prompt33.Childrenandoldpeopledonotlikehavingtheirdaily_____upset.A)habitC)practiceB)routineD)custom34.Themanagerpromisedtohavemycomplaint_____.A)lookedthroughC)lookoverB)lookedintoD)lookafter
135.Youcan'tbe_____carefulinmakingthedecisionasitwassuchacriticalcase.A)veryC)tooB)quiteD)so36.Childrenare_____tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.A)obviousC)boundB)indispensableD)doubtless37._______theflood,theshipwouldhavereacheditsdestinationontime.A)IncaseofC)BecauseofB)InspiteofD)Butfor38.Inyourfirstdaysattheschoolyou'llbegivenatesttohelptheteachersto_____youtoaclassatyourlevel.A)locateC)deliverB)assignD)place39.Thestorythatfollows_____twofamouscharactersoftheRockyMountaingoldrushdays.A)concernsC)proclaimsB)statesD)relates40.Theseexcursionswillgiveyouanevendeeper_____intoourlanguageandculture.A)inquiryC)inputB)investigationD)insight41.Themotherdidn'tknowwho_____forthebrokenglass.A)toclaimC)toaccuseB)toblameD)toassist42.Chinastarteditsnuclearpowerindustryonlyinrecentyears,andshould_____notimeincatchingup.A)delayC)lagB)loseD)lessen43.Themagicianpickedseveralpersons_____fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.A)byaccidentC)atrandomB)onoccasionD)onaverage44.Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof_____standards.A)likelyC)uniformB)alikeD)equivalent45.Somepeopleeither_____avoidquestionsofrightandwrongorremainneutralaboutthem.A)violentlyC)sincerelyB)enthusiasticallyD)deliberately46.ThereisnoeasysolutiontoJapan'slabour_____.A)declineB)shortageC)rarityD)vacancy47.I'msureyoursuggestionwill_____solvingtheproblem.A)contributetoC)attributetoB)attendtoD)devoteto48.Ileftfortheofficeearlierthanusualthismorning_____trafficjam.
2A)incaseofC)inlinewithB)forthesakeofD)attheriskof49.Someareas,_____theirsevereweatherconditions,arehardlypopulated.A)butforC)duetoB)inspiteofD)withregardto50.Thenewwashingmachinesare_______attherateoffiftyaday.A)turnedoutC)turnedupB)turneddownD)turnedinTest221.Wehavehadtoraiseourpricesbecauseoftheincreaseinthecostof_______materials.A)primitiveC)originalB)roughD)raw22.ItisuptotheGovernmenttotackletheairpollutionproblemand_______measuresinlinewiththecouncil'ssuggestions.A)setaboutC)fillupB)workoutD)bringover23.Manypeople,ifnotmost,_______literarytasteasanelegantaccomplishment,byacquiringwhichtheywillcompletethemselves,andmakethemselvesfinallyfitasmembersofacorrectsociety.A)lookonC)lookinB)lookdownD)lookinto24.Thecaraccidentwas_______tothedriver'sviolationofthetrafficregulations.A)assignedC)attributedB)contributedD)transferred25.Sheisavery_______student.She'salwaystalkingabouttravellingtoouterspace.A)imaginaryC)imaginableB)imaginativeD)imagining26.HislecturesonRomanhistorywoulddocredit_______arealexpert.A)inC)ofB)toD)with27.IhavedevotedfourweekendstowritingpapersandnowIfeelI_______arest.A)deserveC)conceiveB)preserveD)receive28.Theconstructionofa5-million-tonandsteelworksisnowunder_______.A)conclusionC)continuationB)contributionD)consideration29.Maryfounditdifficultto_______Jim'sfatherwhenhedisapprovedoftheirmarriage.A)standforC)standbyB)standoutD)standupto30.PresidentBanda'sbackgroundasadoctorhasgivenhim_______intothemedicalproblemsthatfacethecountry.A)aviewC)aninsightB)avisionD)asight
331.He_______fromhisjobinordertoengageinfull-timewriting.A)heldC)undertookB)resignedD)assigned32.TheWestistraditionallythelandofthepioneersandthecowboys,where_______couldbeeasilymadeincattleorland.A)fortunesC)opportunitiesB)propertyD)treasure33.Vostokisclosetothecoldestspotintheworld,wherean_______minus128.6wasrecordedin1983.A)unreliableC)incredibleB)extraD)impossible34.Idon'tmindabitifyoubringyourfriendsinforadrink,butitisrathertoomuchwhensixteenpeoplearrive_______fordinner.A)unusuallyC)consequentlyB)excessivelyD)unexpectedly35.Facedwithallthedifficulties,thegirl_______hermotherforcomfort.A)turnedoverC)turnedtoB)turneddownD)turnedup36.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A)guiltC)chargeB)blameD)accusation37.We_____Edison'ssuccesstohisintelligenceandhardwork.A)subjectC)attributeB)distributeD)refer38.Thedoctorwasaskedtogobacktothehospitalbecauseof_____case.A)anoperationC)anurgencyB)anemergencyD)anincident39.Mrs.Lackeywasawakenedbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband'sboathadbeen_____.A)wreckedC)decayedB)collapsedD)fired40.Aftercollege,Jeffreyhopesto______acareerinmedicine.A)pursueC)chaseB)followD)seek41.Whentheyhadfinishedplaying,thechildrenweremadeto_____allthetoystheyhadtakenout.A)putoffC)putupB)putoutD)putaway42.Thereisanundesirable_____nowadaystomakefilmsshowingviolence.A)directionC)concentrationB)traditionD)trend43.Mostpeoplewhotravelinthecourseoftheirworkaregiventravelling_____.A)incomeC)wages
4B)allowancesD)pay44.Hefailedtosupplythefactsrelevant_____thecaseinquestion.A)forC)toB)withD)of45.Youngpeople'ssocialenvironmenthasa_____effectontheiracademicprogress.A)profoundB)solidC)completeD)gross46.Theserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix_____librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.A)mobileB)driftingC)shiftingD)rotating47.Beforehestartedwork,Iaskedthebuildertogivemean_____ofthecostofrepairingtheroof.A)assessmentC)announcementB)estimateD)evaluation48.WhenJackwaseighteenhe_____goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.A)tooktoC)tookupB)tookforD)tookon49.Itisrather_____thatwestilldonotknowhowmanyspeciesthereareintheworldtoday.A)misleadingC)boringB)embarrassingD)demanding50.Agoodteachermustknowhowto_____hisideas.A)conveyB)displayC)consultD)confrontTest321.Tocallthemusicofanothermusic-culture“primitive”is_____one'sownstandardsonagroupthatdoesnotrecognisethem.A)puttingC)forcingB)emphasizingD)imposing22.Theprisonerhasbeen_____ofmanyprivilegesthataveragecitizensenjoy.A)ensuredC)deprivedB)informedD)convinced23.Everycamerawesellcomeswithatwo-year_____.A)guaranteeC)confirmationB)safetyD)conservation24.WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfounded_____thenurseFlorenceNightingale.A)inlinewithC)inhonourofB)infavourofD)inplaceof25.Onturningthecorner,wesawtheroad_____steeply.A)departingC)decreasingB)depressingD)descending26.Theshop-assistantwasstraightwithhiscustomers.Ifanarticlewasof_____qualityhe'dtellthemso.A)humbleC)minor
5B)awkwardD)inferior27.Thebranchescouldhardly_____theweightofthefruit.A)retainC)maintainB)remainD)sustain28.Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits_____.A)boundariesC)confinementsB)limitationsD)restraints29.He_____somuchworkthathecouldn'treallydoitefficiently.A)putonC)broughtonB)tookonD)turnedon30._______shouldanymoneybegiventoasmallchild.A)OfnoaccountC)OnnoaccountB)FromallaccountsD)Byallaccounts31.Themicroscopecan_____theobject100timesindiameter.A)developC)magnifyB)increaseD)multiply32.Sheonceagainwentthroughhercompositioncarefullyto_____allspellingmistakesfromit.A)withdrawC)abandonB)eliminateD)diminish33.Thecarswere_______becauseitwasimpossibletogoanyfurtherinthefog.A)sacrificedC)abandonedB)transportedD)removed34.ThenewdesignsoftheChristmasstampsarealwayswaitedforwithkeen_______.A)irritationC)receptionB)predictionD)anticipation35.Hehas_______strangehobbieslikecollectingbottletopsandinventingsecretcodes.A)goneonC)gonewithB)goneinforD)gonethroughwith36.Ofallthesoldierstheyhadthe_______ofbeingthefiercest,themostpatriotic,thetoughest.A)recognitionC)recreationB)reservationD)reputation37.Advancedcomputertechnologyhas_______ananswertoaccurateweatherforecasting.A)setupC)filledinB)comeupwithD)facedupto38.Policehavefoundnewevidencethat_______hisstory.A)reformsC)confirmsB)maintainsD)displays39.Alreadytherearesawmillsthatcannotoperateatfull_____becauseofwoodshortages.A)convenienceC)capabilityB)conferenceD)capacity
640.Hehadbeencompletelyexhaustedbutfeltconsiderably_______afteramealandarest.A)renewedC)reshapedB)recreatedD)refreshed41.Hisintelligenceandexperiencewillenablehimto_______thecomplicatedsituation.A)copewithC)interveneinB)settledownD)interferewith42.HumidityissointenseinsomepartsofthetropicsthatEuropeansfindtheyareunableto_______it.A)maintainB)persistC)endureD)sustain43.Thefiremusthave_______afterthestaffhadgonehome.A)brokendownB)brokenupC)brokenoutD)brokenoff44.Aseriesofborderincidentswould_______leadthetwocountriestowar.A)inevitablyB)consistentlyC)uniformlyD)persistently45.Ifeachmanagermakeshisusualspeech,themeetingwillbe_______forforty-fiveminutes.A)expandedB)prolongedC)delayedD)exceeded46.Theweathermanbroadcaststhe_______intemperaturetwiceaday.A)diversionC)varietyB)variationD)modification47.Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbederived_______it.A)ofC)fromB)offD)with48.Animalscanbecomeunusually_______whentheyareupsetbyasuddenenvironmentalchange.A)puzzledC)vigorousB)predominantD)aggressive49.Louiswasaskedto_______themanwhostoleherpurse.A)confirmB)recognizeC)claimD)identify50.Thebusthat_______outsidetheinnwouldsoontakethevisitorsdowntown.A)heldbackC)gotdownB)pulledupD)setforthTest1Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Ihavehadjustaboutenoughofbeingtreatedlikeasecond-classcitizen,simplybecauseIhappenedtobethatputuponmemberofsociety--acustomer.ThemoreIgointoshopsandhotels,banksandpostoffices,railwaystations,airportsandthelike,themoreI'mconvincedthatthingsarebeingrunsolelytosuitthefirm,thesystem,ortheunion.Thereseemstobeanewmotto(座右铭)fortheso-called'service'organization-StaffBeforeService.Howoften,forexample,haveyouqueuedforwhatseemslikehoursatthePostOfficeorthesupermarketbecausetherearen'tenoughstaffondutyatalltheservicecounters?Surelyinthesedaysofhighunemploymentitmustbepossibletoincreasecounterstaff.Yetsupermarkets,hintingdarklyathigherprices,claimthatbringingalltheircashregistersintooperationatany
7timewouldincreaseexpenses.AndthePostOfficesayswecannotexpectalltheirservicecounterstobeoccupied'attimeswhendemandislow'.It'sthesamewithhotels.Becausewaitersandkitchenstaffmustfinishwhenitsuitsthem,diningroomscloseearlierormenuchoiceisdiminished.Asforusguests(andhowthemeaningofthatwordhasbeencutawaylittlebylittle),wejusthavetoputupwithit.There'salsothenonsenseofsomanyfriendlyhotelnightportershavingbeengraduallywithdrawnfromserviceintheinterestsof'efficiency'(i.e.profits)andreplacedbycoin-eatingmachineswhichsupplyeverythingfrombeertomedicine,nottomentionthecreepingthreatofthetea-makingsetinyourroom:akettlewithteabags,milkbagssugar.Whowantstowakeuptoarawteabag?Idon't,especiallywhenIampayingfor'service'.Ouronlyhopeistohammerourirritationwheneverandwhereverwecanand,ifallelsefails,restorethatother,oldersaying--TakeOurCustom(买卖)Elsewhere.21.Theauthorfeelsthatnowadayscustomersare_____.(A)notworthyofspecialtreatment(B)notprovidedwithproperservice(C)consideredtobeinferiormembersofsociety(D)regardedasprivileged22.Intheauthor'sopinion,thequalityofserviceischangingbecause_____.(A)thestaffarelessconsideratethanemployers(B)customersarebecomingmoredemanding(C)customersunwillingtopayextramoney(D)moreconsiderationisgiventothestaffthancustomers23.Accordingtotheauthor,longqueuesatcountersarecausedby_____.(A)thediminishingsupplyofgoodstaff(B)lackofcooperationamongstaff(C)inefficientstaff(D)deliberateunderstaffing24.Thedisappearanceofold-stylehotelporterscanbeattributedtothefactthat____.(A)self-serviceprovidesacheaperalternative(B)thepersonaltouchislessappreciatednowadays(C)machinesaremorereliablethanhumanbeings(D)fewpeoplearewillingtodothistypeofwork25.Theauthor'sfinalsolutiontotheproblemdiscussedinthepassageis____.(A)toputupwithwhateverserviceisprovided(B)tomakestrongcomplaintswherevernecessary(C)tofullyutilizeallkindsofcoin-eatingmachines(D)togowheregoodserviceisavailableQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thelongyearsoffoodshortageinthiscountryhavesuddenlygivenwaytoapparentabundance.Storesandshopsarechokedwithfood.Rationing(定量供应)isvirtuallysuspended,andoverseassuppliershavebeenaskedtoholdbackdeliveries.Yet,insteadofjoy,thereiswidespreaduneasinessandconfusion.Whydofoodpriceskeeponrising,whenthereseemstobesomuchmorefoodabout?Istheabundanceonlytemporary,orhasitcometostay?Doesitmeanthatweneedtothinklessnowaboutproducingmorefoodathome?Nooneknowswhat
8toexpect.Therecentgrowthofexportsurplusesontheworldfoodmarkethascertainlybeenunexpectedlygreat,partlybecauseastrangesequenceoftwosuccessfulgrainharvests.NorthAmericaisnowbeingfollowedbyathird.MostofBritain'soverseassuppliersofmeat,too,areofferingmorethisyearandhomeproductionhasalsorisen.Buttheeffectofallthisonthefoodsituationinthiscountryhasbeenmadeworsebyasimultaneousriseinfoodprices,duechieflytothegradualcuttingdownofgovernmentsupportforfood.Theshopsareoverstockedwithfoodnotonlybecausethereismorefoodavailable,butalsobecausepeople,frightenedbyhighprices,arebuyinglessofit.Moreover,theriseindomesticpriceshascomeatatimewhenworldpriceshavebeguntofall,withtheresultthatimportedfood,withtheexceptionofgrain,isoftencheaperthanthehome-producedvariety.Andnowgrainprices,too,arefalling.Consumersarebeginningtoaskwhytheyshouldnotbeenabledtobenefitfromthistrend.Thesignificanceofthesedevelopmentsisnotlostonfarmers.Theoldergenerationhaveseenitallhappenbefore.Despitethepresentpriceandmarketguarantees,farmersfeartheyareabouttobesqueezedbetweencheapfoodimportsandashrinkinghomemarket.Presentproductionisrunningat51percentabovepre-warlevels,andthegovernmenthascalledforanexpansionto60percentby1956;butrepeatedMinisterialadviceiscarryinglittleweightandtheexpansionprogrammeisnotworkingverywell.26.Whyisthere"wide-spreaduneasinessandconfusionaboutthefoodsituationinBritain?"(A)Theabundantfoodsupplyisnotexpectedtolast.(B)Britainisimportinglessfood.(C)Despitetheabundance,foodpriceskeeprising.(D)Britainwillcutbackonitsproductionoffood.27.Themainreasonfortheriseinfoodpricesisthat_____.(A)peoplearebuyinglessfood(B)thegovernmentisprovidinglessfinancialsupportforagriculture(C)domesticfoodproductionhasdecreased(D)importedfoodisdrivingpriceshigher28.Whydidn'tthegovernment'sexpansionprogrammeworkverywell?(A)Becausethefarmerswereuncertainaboutthefinancialsupportthegovernmentguaranteed.(B)Becausethefarmerswereuncertainaboutthebenefitsofexpandingproduction.(C)Becausethefarmerswereuncertainaboutwhetherforeignmarketscouldbefoundfortheirproduce.(D)Becausetheoldergenerationoffarmerswerestronglyagainsttheprogrammer.29.Thedecreaseinworldfoodpricewasaresultof_____.(A)asharpfallinthepurchasingpoweroftheconsumers(B)asharpfallinthecostoffoodproduction(C)theoverproductionoffoodinthefood-importingcountries(D)theoverproductiononthepartofthemainfood-exportingcountries30.WhatdidthefuturelooklikeforBritain'sfoodproductionatthetimethisarticlewaswritten?(A)ThefallinworldfoodpriceswouldbenefitBritishfoodproducers.
9(B)Anexpansionoffoodproductionwasathand.(C)Britishfoodproducerswouldreceivemoregovernmentfinancialsupport.(D)Itlooksdepressingdespitegovernmentguarantees.Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon't,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,initsway,anilluminationpieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment(启蒙运动)tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontationwiththedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetothehumanintellect.Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan'tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.31.Accordingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience_____.(A)wouldsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment(B)willproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeseen(C)willhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance(D)willbringaboutdisturbingresults32.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatscientistsofthe18thcentury_____.(A)thoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemsofscience(B)wereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificresearch(C)knewthattheywereignorantandwantedtoknowmoreaboutnature(D)didmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman'sunderstandingofnature33.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofscientistsinearliertimes?(A)Theyinventedfalsetheoriestoexplainthingstheydidn'tunderstand.(B)Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature.(C)Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation.(D)Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn'tunderstand.34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsscience?
10(A)Heisdepressedbecauseoftheignoranceofscientists.(B)Heisdoubtfulbecauseoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.(C)Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.(D)Heisdelightedbecauseoftheilluminatingscientificfindings.35.Theauthorbelievesthat____.(A)mancanfindsolutionstowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup(B)mancannotsolvealltheproblemshecanthinkupbecauseofthelimitsofhumanintellect(C)soonerorlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnatureandanswerthem(D)questionsconcerningconsciousnessareoutsidethescopeofscientificresearchQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresent,itisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreets,becausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreat,ifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,ifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.36.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironment_____.(A)isstillunknown(C)isbeingcloselystudied(B)isusuallyneglected(D)hasbeenfullyrecognized37.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationhasledto_____.(A)thedisproportionofrecreationfacilitiesintheneighbourhood(B)thelocationofrecreationfacilitiesfarfromhome(C)relativelylittleattentionforrecreativepossibilities(D)theimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesintheneighbourhood38.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshouldbeprovided_____.
11(A)inspecialareas(C)intheneighbourhoodofthehouse(B)inthesuburbs(D)ingardensandparks39.Accordingtotheauthor,greenspacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuchawaythat______.(A)moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect(B)moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem(C)anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped(D)recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes40.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_____.(A)betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife(B)attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities(C)theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago(D)prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivitiesTest2Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:"Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey're18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,"sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents,"Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,"declaressociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesterUniversity,whoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,"It'sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome."Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy(不受干扰的生活).Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes-andleftthreetimes."WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem,"sheexplains."HeneverlikedanyoneIdated(约会),soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends'house."Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith"asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure."Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.21.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S._____.(A)foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently(B)formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents(C)formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence(D)foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents22.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?
12(A)Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.(B)Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.(C)Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.(D)Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.23.Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat_____.(A)therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife(B)mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeep(C)theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents(D)publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents24.Theword"hassles"inthepassage(Line4,Para.3)probablymeans_____.(A)agreements(B)worries(C)disadvantages(D)quarrels25.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?(A)Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.(B)Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrown-up.(C)Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.(D)Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thewordconservationhasathrifty(节俭)meaning.Toconserveistosaveandprotect,toleavewhatweourselvesenjoyinsuchgoodconditionthatothersmayalsosharetheenjoyment.Ourforefathershadnoideathathumanpopulationwouldincreasefasterthanthesuppliesofrawmaterials;mostofthem,evenuntilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasureswere"limitless"and"inexhaustible".Mostofthecitizensofearliergenerationsknewlittleornothingaboutthecomplicatedanddelicatesystemthatrunsallthroughnature,andwhichmeansthat,asinalivingbody,anunhealthyconditionofonepartwillsoonerorlaterbeharmfultoalltheothers.Fiftyyearsagonaturestudywasnotpartoftheschoolwork;scientificforestrywasanewidea;timberwasstillcheapbecauseitcouldbebroughtinanyquantityfromdistantwoodlands;soildestructionandriverfloodswerenotnationalproblems;nobodyhadyetstudiedlong-termsclimaticcyclesinrelationtoproperlanduse;eventheword"conservation"hadnothingofthemeaningthatithasforustoday.Forthesakeofourselvesandthosewhowillcomeafterus,wemustnowsetaboutrepairingthemistakesofourforefathers.Conservationshould,therefore,bemadeapartofeveryone'sdailylife.Toknowaboutthewatertable(水位)inthegroundisjustasimportanttousasaknowledgeofthebasicarithmeticformulas.Weneedtoknowwhyallwatersheds(上游源头森林地带集水区)needtheprotectionofplantlifeandwhytherunningcurrentofstreamsandriversmustbemadetoyieldtheirfullbenefittothesoilbeforetheyfinallyescapetothesea.Weneedtobetaughtthedutyofplantingtreesaswellasofcuttingthem.Weneedtoknowtheimportanceofbig,maturetrees,becauselivingspaceformostofman'sfellowcreaturesonthisplanetisfigurednotonlyinsquaremeasureofsurfacebutalsoincubicvolumeabovetheearth.Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchoftheoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan.26.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationintheexploitationofnaturalresourcesis_____.(A)positive(B)neutral(C)suspicious(D)critical27.Accordingtotheauthor,thegreatestmistakeofourforefatherswasthat_____.
13(A)theyhadnoideaaboutscientificforestry(B)theyhadlittleornosenseofenvironmentalprotection(C)theywerenotawareofthesignificanceofnaturestudy(D)theyhadnoideaofhowtomakegooduseofrawmaterials28.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthatearliergenerationsdidn'trealize______.(A)theinterdependenceofwater,soil,andlivingthings(B)theimportanceoftheproperuseofland(C)theharmfulnessofsoildestructionandriverfloods(D)thevalueofthebeautyofnature29.Toavoidcorrectingthemistakeofourforefathers,theauthorsuggeststhat_____.(A)weplantmoretrees(B)naturalsciencebetaughttoeverybody(C)environmentaleducationbedirectedtowardeveryone(D)wereturntonature30.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"livingspace...isfigured...alsoincubicvolumeabovetheearth"(Lines7-8,Para.3)?(A)Ourlivingspaceontheearthisgettingsmallerandsmaller.(B)Ourlivingspaceshouldbemeasuredincubicvolume.(C)Weneedtotakesomemeasuretoprotectspace.(D)Weshouldpreservegoodlivingconditionsforbothbirdsandanimals.Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemic(流行病)ofsleepinessinthenation."Ican'tthinkofasinglestudythathasn'tfoundAmericansgettinglesssleepthantheyoughtto,"saysDr.David.Evenpeoplewhothinktheyaresleepingenoughwouldprobablybebetteroffwithmorerest.Thebeginningofoursleep-deficit(睡眠不足)crisiscanbetracedtotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago.Fromdiaryentriesandotherpersonalaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturies,sleepscientistshavereachedtheconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5hoursanight."Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothingtodointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark."Bythe1950sand1960s,thesleepschedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,tobetween7.5andeighthours,andmostpeoplehadtowaketoanalarmclock."Peoplecheatontheirsleep,andtheydon'tevenrealizethey'redoingit,"saysDr.David."Theythinkthey'reokaybecausetheycangetbyon6.5hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,eightorevenmoretofeelideallyvigorous."Perhapsthemostmercilessrobberofsleep,researcherssayisthecomplexityoftheday.Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,friendsandcommunitymount,manypeopleconsidersleeptheleastexpensiveitemonhisprogramme."Inoursociety,you'reconsidereddynamicifyousayyouonlyneed5.5hours'sleep.Ifyou'regottoget8.5hours,peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition."Todeterminetheconsequencesofsleepdeficit,researchershaveputsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicalandperformancetestsrequiringthem,forinstance,toaddcolumnsofnumbersorrecallapassagereadtothemonlyminutesearlier."We'vefoundthatifyou'reinsleepdeficit,performancesuffers,"saysDr.David."Short-termmemoryisweakened,asareabilitiestomakedecisionsandtoconcentrate."
1431.Peopleinthe18thand19thcenturiesusedtosleepabout9.5hoursanightbecausetheyhad______.(A)nodriveandambition(C)thebestsleephabits(B)noelectriclighting(D)nothingtodointheevening32.AccordingtoDr.David,Americans_____.(A)areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflife(B)oftenneglecttheconsequencesofsleepdeficit(C)donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperly(D)cangetbyon6.5hoursofsleep33.ManyAmericansbelievethat_____.(A)sleepisthefirstthingthatcanbesacrificedwhenoneisbusy(B)theyneedmoresleeptocopewiththecomplexitiesofeverydaylife(C)tosleepissomethingonecandoatanytimeoftheday(D)enoughsleeppromotespeople'sdriveandambition34.Theword"subjects"(Line1,Para.4)refersto_____.(A)theperformancetestsusedinthestudyofsleepdeficit(B)specialbranchesofknowledgethatarebeingstudied(C)peoplewhosebehaviororreactionsarebeingstudied(D)thepsychologicalconsequencesofsleepdeficit35.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatoneshouldsleepasmanyhoursasisnecessaryto_____.(A)improveone'smemorydramatically(B)beconsidereddynamicbyotherpeople(C)maintainone'sdailyschedule(D)feelenergeticandperformadequatelyQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodwewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylife-stylewithoutanyexercise.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors,anditisbeyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesefactorsastheymayaffectanygivenindividual.However,thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoice.Therearehealthychoicesandthereareunhealthychoices.Indiscussingthemoralsofpersonalchoice,FriesandCrapodrewacomparison.Theysuggestthattoknowinglygiveoneselfovertoabehaviorthathasastatisticalprobabilityofshorteninglifeissimilartoattemptingsuicide.Thus,forthoseindividualswhoareinterestedin
15preservingboththequalityandquantityoflife,personalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity.36.Theconceptofpersonalchoiceconcerninghealthisimportantbecause______.(A)personalhealthchoiceshelpcuremostillness(B)ithelpsraisethelevelofourmedicalknowledge(C)itisessentialtopersonalfreedominAmericansociety(D)wrongdecisionscouldleadtopoorhealth37.To"liveacompletelysedentarylife-style"(Line7,Para.1)inthepassagemeans_____.(A)to"liveaninactivelife"(B)to"liveadecentlife"(C)to"livealifewithcompletefreedom"(D)to"livealifeofvice"38.Soundpersonalhealthchoiceisoftendifficulttomakebecause_____.(A)currentmedicalknowledgeisstillinsufficient(B)therearemanyfactorsinfluencingourdecisions(C)fewpeoplearewillingtotradethequalityoflife(D)peopleareusuallyinfluencedbythebehavioroftheirfriends39.ToknowinglyallowoneselftopurseunhealthyhabitsiscomparedbyFriedandCrapoto_____.(A)improvingthequalityofone'slife(B)limitingone'spersonalhealthchoice(C)deliberatelyendingone'slife(D)breakingtherulesofsocialbehavior40.AccordingtoFriesandCraposoundhealthchoicesshouldbebasedon_____.(A)personaldecisions(C)statisticalevidence(B)society'slaws(D)friends'opinionsTest3Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theprocessofperceivingotherpeopleisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms."Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt."Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpointhisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideasandcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly-perhapswithatwo-secondglance.Wetrytoobtaininformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers:watching,withoutbeingnoticed,apersoninteractingwithothers,particularlywithotherswhoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknownothers'behavior;observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor;deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson'sresponsestospecificstimuli;askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher;andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson-questions,self-disclosures(自我表露),andsoon.Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefor
16tenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon'teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically(讽刺性地)thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofsatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.disclosureandtruthfulstatements).21.Theword"pinpoint"(Para.1,Line3)basicallymeans______.(A)appreciate(B)obtain(C)interpret(D)identify22.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?(A)Peoplearebetterdescribedincold,objectiveterms.(B)Thedifficultyofgettingtoknowapersonisusuallyunderestimated.(C)Oneshouldnotjudgepeoplebytheirappearances.(D)Oneisusuallysubjectivewhenassessingotherpeople'spersonality.23.ItcanbeinferredfromBerger'ssuggestionsthat_____.(A)Peopledonotrevealtheirtrueselfoneveryoccasion.(B)Inmostcasesweshouldavoidcontactingtheobservedpersondirectly.(C)thebestwaytoknowapersonisbymakingcomparisons.(D)face-to-faceinteractionisthebeststrategytouncoverinformationaboutaperson24.Indevelopingpersonalrelationships,secretsanddeceptions,intheauthor'sopinion,are_____.(A)personalmattersthatshouldbeseriouslydealtwith(B)barriersthatshouldbedoneawaywith(C)assignificantasdisclosuresandtruthfulstatements(D)thingspeopleshouldguardagainst25.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageis_____.(A)togiveadviceonappropriateconductforsocialoccasions(B)toprovidewaysofhowtoobtaininformationaboutpeople(C)tocallthereader'sattentiontothenegativesideofpeople'scharacters(D)todiscussthevariousaspectsofgettingtoknowpeopleQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrowolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,throw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLilianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof."Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings:thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism(缺勤),performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillingtolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.When"sexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstepitmovesin,"accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.
17Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatdealofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.26.Aftertheageof40,_____.(A)mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs(B)manyworkerstendtosticktheirpresentjobs(C)peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore(D)peoplestillwishtohuntformoresuitablejobs27.FromHeilman'sremark,wecanseethat_____.(A)fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople(B)thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety(C)olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople(D)thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety28.TishSommersarguesthat_____.(A)olderwomenfindithardtoescapepoverty(B)olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs(C)themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism(D)morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism29.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans_____.(A)havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople(B)livebelowthepovertyline(C)havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety(D)nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement30.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter______.(A)callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans(B)believesthatvalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition(C)attemptstojustifytheyouth-oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates(D)arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeeperandmoreimportantrelationships.Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.
18Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallygivenforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallenged,butdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentinthepartofthebeststudents,exactlythoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyontheteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessor:oneisthetimeneededtokeeponwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually"made"intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe"lost"bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearch,buttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofess,anditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorunwillingtoteachcanbecalled"distinguishedresearchinvestigators"orsomethingelse.Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreatteacher.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystembutthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.31.Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?(A)Itiswrongtooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.(B)Teachingandresearcharecontradictorytoeachother.(C)Researchcanneverbeemphasizedtoomuch.(D)Therelationshipbetweenteachingandresearchshouldnotbesimplified.32.Inacademicpromotionsresearchuniversitiesstillattachmoreimportancetoresearchpartlybecause_____.(A)researchimprovesthequalityofteaching(B)studentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors(C)itisdifficulttoevaluateteachingqualityobjectively(D)professorwithachievementsinresearchareusuallyresponsibleandtough33.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?(A)Distinguishedprofessorsatresearchuniversitiesshouldconcentrateonresearchonly.(B)Theseparationofteachingfromresearchcanlowerthequalityoffuturescientists.(C)Itisofutmostimportancetoimproveteachinginelementaryschoolsinordertotrainnewscientists.(D)Therapiddevelopmentsofmodernsciencemakeitimpossibletocombineteachingwithresearch.34.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewho,firstandforemost,do_____.(A)teaching(B)fieldwork(C)scientificresearch(D)investigation35.Thephrase"theproblem"(Para.5,Line3)refersto_____.(A)raisingthestatusofteaching
19(B)thecombinationofteachingwithresearch(C)theseparationofteachingfromresearch(D)improvingthestatusofresearchQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Inourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof"mastery"---feelingimportantandworthwhile---andthesourcesofwhatwecallasense"pleasure"---findinglifeenjoyable---arenotalwaysidentical.Womenoftenaretold"Youcan'thaveitall."Sometimeswhatthespeakerreallyissayingis:"Youchoseacareer,soyoucan'texpecttohavecloserrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife"or"Youhaveawonderfulhusbandandchildren--what'sallthisaboutwantingacareer?"Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being,iftheyaretofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Ourstudyshowsthat,forwomen,well-beinghastwodimensions.Oneismastery,whichincludesself-esteem(自尊),asenseofcontroloveryourlife,andlowlevelsofanxietyanddepression.Masteryiscloselyrelatedtothe"doing"sideoflife,toworkandactivity.Pleasureistheotherdimensions,anditiscomposedofhappiness,satisfactionandoptimism(乐观).Itistiedmorecloselytothe"feeling"sideoflife.Thetwoareindependentofeachother.Awomancouldbehighinmasteryandlowinpleasure,andviceversa.Forexample,awomanwhohasagoodjob,butwhosemotherhasjustdied,mightbefeelingverygoodaboutherselfandincontrolofherworklife,butthepleasuresidecouldbedamagedforatime.Theconceptsofmasteryandpleasurecanhelpusidentifythesourcesofwell-beingforwomen,andremedypastmistakes.Inthepast,womenwereencouragedtolookonlyatthefeelingsideoflifeasthesourceofallwell-being.Butweknowthatbothmasteryandpleasurearecritical.Andmasteryseemstobeachievedlargelythroughwork.Inourstudy,allthegroupsofemployedwomenratedsignificantlyhigherinmasterythandidwomenwhowerenotemployed.Awoman'swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles.Atleastbymiddleadulthood,thewomenwhowereinvolvedinacombinationofroles---marriages,motherhood,andemployment---werethehighestinwell-being,despitewarningsaboutstressandstrain.36.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat_____.(A)forwomen,asenseof"mastery"ismoreimportantthanasenseof"pleasure"(B)forwomen,asenseof"pleasure"ismoreimportantthanasenseof"mastery"(C)womencan'thaveasenseof"mastery"andasenseof"pleasure"atthesametime(D)asenseof"mastery"andasenseof"pleasure"arebothindispensabletowomen37.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris______.(A)critical(B)positive(C)neutral(D)realistic38.Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,______.(A)itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrain(B)shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareer(C)herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreater(D)herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningful39.Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof"pleasure"forwomen?(A)Familylife(C)Multiplerolesinsociety(B)Regularemployment(D)Freedomfromanxiety40.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe_____.
20(A)TheWell-beingofCareerWomen(B)SourcesofMasteryandPleasure(C)TwoAspectsofWomen'sWell-Being(D)FreedomRolesofWomeninSociety词汇题答案Test121—30ACBDBCCACC;31—40ADBBCCDBAD;41—50ABCDDBAACA;Test221—25DBACB;26—30BBDDC:31—35BACDC;36—40BCBAA;41—45DDBCA;46—50ABABATest321—25DCACD;26—30DDBBC;31—35CBCDB;36—40DBCDD;41—45ADCAB;46—50ACDDB阅读理解题答案Test121—25BDDAD;26—30CBBDD;31—35BACCA;36—40DBCAATest221—25ABADC;26—30DBACD;31—35BBACD;36—40DABCCTest321—25DCDBB;26—30BCACB;31—35DCBAC;36—40DBDAC
