全英英解释版)

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全英英解释版)Wordpronunciationpropertyexplanationa/əstrongeɪ/indefinitearticleusedtoshowthatyouaretalkingaboutsomeoneorsomethingthathasnotbeenmentionedbefore,orthatyourlistenerdoesnotknowaboutabide/ə'baɪd/verbusedtosaythatsomeonedislikessomethingorsomeoneverymuchabide/ə'baɪd/verbtoacceptandobeyadecision,rule,agreementetc,eventhoughyoumaynotagreewithitabsent/'æbsənt/adjalooketcthatshowsyouarenotpayingattentiontoorthinkingaboutwhatishappeningabsent/'æbsənt/adjnotintheplacewhereyouareexpectedtobe,especiallyatschoolorworkabsurd/əb'səːd,-'zəːdUS-əːrd/adjcompletelystupidorunreasonable,=ridiculousabundance/ə'bʌndəns/nounalargequantityofsomethingaccessory/ək'sesəri/nounsomeonewhohelpsacriminal,especiallybyhelpingthemhidefromthepoliceaccessory/ək'sesəri/nounsomethingaddedtoamachineortoclothing,whichhasausefulordecorativepurposeaction/'ækʃən/nounsomethingthatyouaction/'ækʃən/nountheprocessofdoingsomething,especiallywhendealingwithaproblemordifficultyaction/'ækʃən/nountheeffectsomethinghasonanotherthingadhere/əd'hɪəUS-'hɪr/verbtocontinuetobehaveaccordingtoaparticularrule,agreement,orbeliefadhere/əd'hɪəUS-'hɪr/verbtostickfirmlytosomethingadjoin/ə'dʒɔɪn/verbaroom,building,orpieceoflandthatadjoinssomethingisnexttoitandconnectedtoitadministration/əd,mɪnɪ'streɪʃən/nountheactivitiesthatareinvolvedinmanagingtheworkofacompanyororganizationadministration/əd,mɪnɪ'streɪʃən/nounthegovernmentofacountryataparticulartimeadoption/ə'dɔpʃənUSə'dɑːp-/nountheactorprocessofadoptingachild

1adoption/ə'dɔpʃənUSə'dɑːp-/nountheactofstartingtouseaparticularplan,method,wayofspeakingetcadvantageous/,ædvən'teɪdʒəs,,ædvæn-/adjhelpfulandlikelytomakeyousuccessfulaerospace/'eərəuspeɪsUS'erou-/adj,nouninvolvingthedesigningandbuildingofaircraftandspacevehiclesaffirm/ə'fəːmUS-əːrm/verbtostatepubliclythatsomethingistrue,=confirmaffirm/ə'fəːmUS-əːrm/verbtostrengthenafeeling,belief,orideaagitation/,ædʒɪ'teɪʃən/nounwhenyouaresoanxious,nervous,orupsetthatyoucannotthinkcalmlyagitation/,ædʒɪ'teɪʃən/nounpublicargumentoractionforsocialorpoliticalchangeagitation/,ædʒɪ'teɪʃən/nountheactofshakingormixingaliquidalas/ə'læs/advusedtoexpresssadnessorregretorfearalgebra/'ældʒɪbrə/nounatypeofmathematicsthatuseslettersandothersignstorepresentnumbersandvaluesalignment/ə'laɪnmənt/nounthestateofbeingarrangedinalinewithsomethingorparalleltosomethingalignment/ə'laɪnmənt/nounsupportgivenbyonecountryorgrouptoanotherinpolitics,defenceetcallowance/ə'lauəns/nounanamountofmoneythatyouaregivenregularlyorforaspecialpurposealternate/ɔːl'təːnɪtUS'ɔːltər-,'æl-/adj,verbtwoalternatethingsareplacedoneaftertheotherinaregularpatternambiguous/æm'bɪgjuəs/adjsomethingthatisambiguousisunclear,confusing,ornotcertain,especiallybecauseitcanbeunderstoodinmorethanonewayambitious/æm'bɪʃəs/adjanambitiousplan,ideaetcshowsadesiretodosomethinggoodbutdifficultambitious/æm'bɪʃəs/adjdeterminedtobesuccessful,rich,powerfuletc

2ample/'æmpəl/adjliterarylargeinawaythatisattractiveorpleasant(theshapeofsomeone'sbodyorpartoftheirbody)ample/'æmpəl/adjmorethanenough,=sufficientamplitude/'æmplɪtjuːdUS-tuːd/nountechnicalthedistancebetweenthemiddleandthetoporbottomofawavesuchasasoundwaveanalogue/'ænəlɔgUS-lɔːg,-lɑːg/nountechnicalanaloguetechnologyuseschangingphysicalquantitiessuchasvoltagetostoredataanalogue/'ænəlɔgUS-lɔːg,-lɑːg/nounsomethingwhichissimilartoorcanbeusedinsteadofsomethingelseanswer/'ɑːnsəUS'ænsər/verbwritealettertothepersonwhohaswrittenitanswer/'ɑːnsəUS'ænsər/noun,verbsomethingyousaywhenyoureplytoaquestionthatsomeonehasaskedyouanswer/'ɑːnsəUS'ænsər/nounawayofdealingwithaproblemAntarctic/æn'tɑːktɪkUS-ɑːr-/noun,adjtheregionsoftheworldaroundtheSouthPoleantenna/æn'tenə/nounawirerodetcusedforreceivingradioandtelevisionsignals,=aerialanybody/'eni,bɔdi,'enibədiUS-,bɑːdi/pronrefertoanyperson,whenitisnotimportanttosayexactlywhoapparent/ə'pærənt/adjeasytonotice,abletobeseenorunderstoodapparent/ə'pærənt/adjseemingtohaveaparticularfeelingorattitude,althoughthismaynotbetruearc/ɑːkUSɑːrk/nountheshapeofpartofacircle,orothercurvedlinearc/ɑːkUSɑːrk/nounapowerfulflowofelectricitywhichgoesacrossaspacebetweentwopointsarchitect/'ɑːkɪtektUS'ɑːr-/nounsomeonewhosejobistodesignbuildingsashore/ə'ʃɔːUSə'ʃɔːr/advtowards,ontooronland,havingcomefromanareaofwatersuchastheseaorariverass/æs/nounnotpoliteastupid,annoyingperson,assassinate/ə'sæsɪneɪverbtomurderanimportantorfamousperson,especiallyforpoliticalreasons

3tUS-səneɪt/assert/ə'səːtUS-əːrt/verbtodosomethingtoshowthatyouhavepowerassert/ə'səːtUS-əːrt/verbtostatefirmlythatsomethingistrueassurance/ə'ʃuərənsUSə'ʃur-/nounBrEatypeofinsuranceinwhichmoneyispaidoutwhensbdiesorafteranagreedperiodoftime,AmericanEquivalent:insuranceassurance/ə'ʃuərənsUSə'ʃur-/nounapromisethatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenorisdefinitelytrue,madeespeciallytomakesomeonelessworriedastronomy/ə'strɔnəmiUSə'strɑː-/nounthescientificstudyoftheuniverseandofobjectswhichexistnaturallyinspace,suchasthemoon,thesun,planetsandstarsawful/'ɔːfəlUS'ɔː-/advextremelybadorunpleasantawful/'ɔːfəlUS'ɔː-/advemphasizeverygreatorhowgood,badetcsomethingisbacon/'beɪkən/nounsaltedorsmokedmeatfromthebackorsidesofapig,oftenservedinnarrowthinbacterium/bæk'tɪə.ri.əm/nountypeofverysmallorganismthatlivesinair,oftenonewhichcausesadiseasebadge/bædʒ/nounasmallpieceofmetal,fabricorplastic,withadesignorwordsonit,thatapersonwearstoshowthattheybelongtoanorganization,supportsth,haveaparticularrank,etcbaffle/'bæfəl/verb,nountocausesomeonetobecompletelyunabletounderstandorexplainsomethingbandit/'bændɪt/nounsomeonewhorobspeople,especiallyoneofagroupofpeoplewhoattacktravellersbanker/'bæŋkəUS-ər/nounsomeonewhoworksinabankinanimportantpositionbanquet/'bæŋkwɪt/nounaformalmealforalargenumberofpeople,usuallyforaspecialoccasion,atwhichspeechesareoftenmadebarley/'bɑːliUS'bɑːrli/nounaplantthatproducesagrainusedformakingfoodoralcoholbaron/'bærən/nounabusinessmanwithalotofpowerorinfluencebaron/'bærən/noun(thetitleof)aBritishmanwhohasthelowestrankinthehighestsocialclassbarren/'bærən/adjold-fashionedunabletoproducechildrenorbabyanimals-usedofawomanoroffemale

4animals,infertilebarren/'bærən/adjlandorsoilthatisbarrenhasnoplantsgrowingonitbasement/'beɪsmənt/nounaroomorareainabuildingthatisunderthelevelofthegroundbazaar/bə'zɑːUS-'zɑːr/nounamarketorareawheretherearealotofsmallshops,especiallyinIndiaortheMiddleEastbazaar/bə'zɑːUS-'zɑːr/nounanoccasionwhenalotofpeopleselldifferentthingstocollectmoneyforagoodpurposebead/biːd/nounoneofasetofsmall,usuallyround,piecesofglass,wood,plasticetc,thatyoucanputonastringandwearasjewellerybed/bed/noun,verbalargerectangularpieceoffurniture,oftenwithfourlegs,whichisusedforsleepingonbeetle/'biːtl/nounaninsectwithahardshell-likebackbestow/bɪ'stəuUS-'stou/verbtogivesomethingasanhonourorpresentbeware/bɪ'weəUS-'wer/verbusedtowarnsomeonetobecarefulbecausesomethingisdangerousbewilder/bɪ'wɪldəUS-ər/verbtoconfusesomeonebishop/'bɪʃəp/nounapriestwithahighrankinsomeChristianreligions,whoistheheadofallthechurchesandpriestsinalargeareableach/bliːtʃ/nnounachemicalusedtomakethingspaleorwhite,ortokillgermsblind/blaɪnd/nounacovering,especiallyonemadeofcloth,thatcanberolledupanddowntocoverawindowinsideabuilding,blind/blaɪnd/adjunabletoseeblind/blaɪnd/verb,adjmakesomeoneunabletounderstandsomethingblue/bluː/adj,nounhavingthecolouroftheskyortheseaonafinedayblue/bluː/adjfeelingorshowingsadnessbody/'bɔdiUS'bɑːdi/nounthedeadbodyofapersonbody/'bɔdiUS'bɑːdi/nounagroupofpeoplewhohavejoinedtogetheroralargeamountofsomething

5body/'bɔdiUS'bɑːdi/nounthemain,central,ormostimportantpartofsomethingbody/'bɔdiUS'bɑːdi/nounthewholephysicalstructurethatformsapersonoranima,themainpart,adeadpersonboiler/'bɔɪləUS-ər/nounacontainerforboilingwaterthatispartofasteamengine,orisusedtoprovideheatinginahousebound/baund/adjpastparticipleofbind(tietightlyortofasten)bound/baund/adjhavingamoralorlegaldutytodosomethingbound/baund/verb,noun,adjmovequicklywithlargejumpingmovements,goingtobourgeois/'buəʒwɑːUSbur'ʒwɑː/adjbelongingtothemiddleclassbourgeois/'buəʒwɑːUSbur'ʒwɑː/adjbelongingtoortypicalofthepartofsocietythatisrich,educated,ownslandetc,accordingtoMarxismbox/bɔksUSbɑːks/nounasmallbuildingorstructureusedforaparticularpurpose,=boothbox/bɔksUSbɑːks/nounasquareorrectangularcontainerwithstiffsidesandsometimesalidbox/bɔksUSbɑːks/verbtofightsomeoneasasportbyhittingthemwithyourclosedhandsinsidebigleatherglovesbrace/breɪs/verbtomentallyorphysicallyprepareyourselforsomeoneelseforsomethingunpleasantthatisgoingtohappenbrace/breɪs/verbtopushpartofyourbodyagainstsomethingsolidinordertomakeyourselfmoresteadybrace/breɪs/nounsomethingthatisusedtostrengthenorsupportsomething,ortomakeitstiffbrand/brænd/verbtodescribesomeoneorsomethingasaverybadtypeofpersonorthing,oftenunfairlybrand/brænd/verb,nountoburnamarkontosomething,especiallyafarmanimal,inordertoshowwhoitbelongstobrand/brænd/nounatypeofproductmadebyaparticularcompany,thathasaparticularnameordesignbreakdown/'breɪkdaun/nounalistofalltheseparatepartsofsomethingbreakdown/'breɪkdaun/nounthefailureofarelationshiporsystembreakdown/'breɪkdaun/nounaseriousmedicalconditioninwhichsomeonebecomesmentallyillandisunabletoworkordeal

6withordinarysituationsinlifebridge/brɪdʒ/nounastructurebuiltoverariver,roadetcthatallowspeopleorvehiclesorconnectsomethingbridle/'braɪdl/verbtobecomeangryandoffendedaboutsomethingbridle/'braɪdl/noun,verbasetofleatherbandsputaroundahorse'sheadandusedtocontrolitsmovementsbronze/brɔnzUSbrɑːnz/nounthedarkreddishbrowncolourofbronzebronze/brɔnzUSbrɑːnz/nounahardmetalthatisamixtureofcopperandtinBuddhism/'budɪzəmUS'buː-,'bu-/nounareligionofeastandcentralAsia,basedontheteachingofGautamaBuddhabudget/'bʌdʒɪt/nounthemoneythatisavailabletoanorganizationorperson,oraplanofhowitwillbespentbug/bʌg/nounespeciallyAmEasmallinsectbugle/'bjuːgəl/nounamusicalinstrumentlikeatrumpet,whichisusedinthearmytocallsoldiersbulletin/'bulətɪn/nounashortnewsprogrammeontelevisionorradiooftenaboutsomethingthathasjusthappenedbump/bʌmp/verbtohitorknockagainstsomethingwithforcebump/bʌmp/nounaround,raisedareaonasurfaceoronthebodybureaucracy/bjuə'rɔkrəsiUSbju'rɑː-/nounacomplicatedofficialsystemwhichisannoyingorconfusingbecauseithasalotofrules,processesetcburial/'beriəl/nountheactorceremonyofputtingadeadbodyintoagraveburner/'bəːnəUS'bəːrnər/nounBrEthepartofanovenorheaterthatproducesheatoraflamecan/kənstrongkæn/verbability,beabletocan/kənstrongkæn/noun,verbaclosedmetalcontainer,especiallyacylindricalone,inwhichsometypesofdrinkandfoodaresoldorputfoodincancan/kənstrongkæn/verbpermitorrequestsomething

7capacitance/kə'pæsɪtəns/nounthepropertyofbeingabletocollectachargeofelectricitycapacitor/kə'pæsɪtəUS-ər/nounpieceofequipmentthatcollectsandstoreselectricitycartridge/'kɑːtrɪdʒUS'kɑːr-/nounasmallcontainerorpieceofequipmentthatyouputinsidesomethingtomakeitworkcartridge/'kɑːtrɪdʒUS'kɑːr-/nounatubecontainingexplosivepowderandabulletthatyouputinagunCatholic/'kæθəlɪk/adj,nounconnectedwiththeRomanCatholicChurchcaution/'kɔːʃənUS'kɔː-/nounthequalityofbeingverycarefultoavoiddangerorriskscaution/'kɔːʃənUS'kɔː-/verb,nountowarnsomeonethatsomethingmightbedangerous,difficultetccavity/'kævɪti/adjformalaholeorspaceinsidesomethingcensor/'sensəUS-ər/verbtoexaminebooks,films,lettersetctoremoveanythingthatisconsideredoffensive,morallyharmful,orpoliticallydangerousetccertainty/'səːtntiUS'səːr-/nounthestateofbeingcompletelycertaincertainty/'səːtntiUS'səːr-/nounsomethingthatisdefinitelytrueorthatwilldefinitelyhappencharacterize/'kærɪktəraɪz/verbtodescribethequalitiesofsomeoneorsomethinginaparticularwaycharm/tʃɑːmUStʃɑːrm/verb,nountoattractsomeoneandmakethemlikeyou,sometimesinordertomakethemdosomethingforyoucheat/tʃiːt/verbtrickordeceivesomeonesothattheydonotgetsomethingtheyhavearighttohavecheat/tʃiːt/verb,nounbehaveinadishonestwayinordertogetwhatyouwantordishonestsomething(someone)choice/tʃɔɪs/nounifyouhaveachoice,youcanchoosebetweenseveralthingsorchoosefromchoice/tʃɔɪs/adjchoicefoodisofverygoodqualitychoice/tʃɔɪs/nounapersonorthingthathasbeenchosenorthatcanbechosenchorus/'kɔːrəs/nounalargegroupofpeoplewhosingtogether,=choircirculation/,səːkjʊ'leɪʃənnounthemovementofbloodaroundyourbody

8US,səːr-/circulation/,səːkjʊ'leɪʃənUS,səːr-/nountheexchangeofinformation,moneyetcfromonepersontoanotherinagrouporsocietycivilian/sɪ'vɪljən/noun,adjanyonewhoisnotamemberofthemilitaryforcesorthepoliceclash/klæʃ/verb,nouniftwoarmies,groupsetcclash,theystartfighting-usedinnewsreportsclash/klæʃ/nounaloudsoundmadebytwometalobjectshittingeachotherclient/'klaɪənt/nounsomeonewhogetsservicesoradvicefromaprofessionalperson,company,ororganization,=customerclimax/'klaɪmæks/nounthemostexcitingorimportantpartofastoryorexperience,whichusuallycomesneartheendcloudy/'klaudi/adjacloudysky,dayetcisdarkbecausetherearealotofcloudscloudy/'klaudi/adj(ofliquids)notclearortransparentclutch/klʌtʃ/verbtotakeortrytotakeholdofsomethingtightly,usuallyinfear,anxietyorpainclutch/klʌtʃ/nounthepedalthatyoupresswithyourfootwhendrivingavehicleinordertochangegear,orthepartofthevehiclethatthiscontrolscoefficient/,kəuɪ'fɪʃəntUS,kou-/noun(mathematics)anumberwhichisplacedbeforeanotherquantityandwhichmultipliesit,forexample3inthequantity3xcoffin/'kɔfɪnUS'kɔː-,'kɑː-/nounalongboxinwhichadeadpersonisburiedorburnt,AmericanEquivalent:casketcolonist/'kɔlənɪstUS'kɑː-/nounsomeonewholivesinorgoestoliveinacountryorareathatisacolonycombat/'kɔmbætUS'kɑːm-/nounfightingorafight,especiallyduringatimeofwarcombat/'kɔmbætUS'kɑːm-/verbtotrytostopsomethingbadfromhappeningorgettingworse-usedespeciallyinnewsreportscomedy/'kɔmɪdiUS'kɑː-/nounentertainmentthatisintendedtomakepeoplelaughcommence/kə'mens/verbtobeginortostartsomething

9commodity/kə'mɔdɪtiUSkə'mɑː-/noun(economics)aproductorarawmaterialthatcanbeboughtandsold,especiallybetweencountries:commonwealth/'kɔmənwelθUS'kɑː-/nounanassociationofcountrieswithpoliticaloreconomicconnectionscomparable/'kɔmpərəbəlUS'kɑːm-/adjsimilartosomethingelseinsize,number,qualityetc,sothatyoucanmakeacomparisoncompensation/,kɔmpən'seɪʃənUS,kɑːm-/nounmoneypaidtosomeonebecausetheyhavesufferedinjuryorloss,orbecausesomethingtheyownhasbeendamagedcompetitive/kəm'petɪtɪv/adjusedtodescribeasituationinwhichpeopleororganizationscompeteagainsteachothercomplexity/kəm'pleksɪti/nounthestateofbeingcomplicated,thestateofbeingdifficulttounderstandcomplication/,kɔmplɪ'keɪʃənUS,kɑːm-/nounamedicalproblemorillnessthathappenswhilesomeoneisalreadyillandmakestreatmentmoredifficultcomplication/,kɔmplɪ'keɪʃənUS,kɑːm-/nounaproblemorsituationthatmakessomethingmoredifficulttounderstandordealwithcomply/kəm'plaɪ/verbtoactaccordingtoanorder,setofrulesorrequestcomposer/kəm'pəuzəUS-'pouzər/nounapersonwhowritesmusic,especiallyclassicalmusicconceive/kən'siːv/verbtoimagineaparticularsituationorthinkofanewidea,planetcanddevelopitinyourmindconceive/kən'siːv/verbwhenawomanconceivesorconceivesachild,shebecomespregnantconcentrate/'kɔnsəntreɪtUS'kɑːn-/verbtomakeasubstanceorliquidstrongerbyremovingsomeofthewaterfromitconcentrate/'kɔnsəntreɪtUS'kɑːn-/verb(onsth/ondoingsth)togiveallyourattentiontosthandnotthinkaboutanythingelseconcert/'kɔnsətUS'kɑːnsərt/nounaperformanceofmusicbyoneormoremusiciansorsingers

10confidential/,kɔnfɪ'denʃəlUS,kɑːn-/adjsecret,ofteninaformal,businessormilitarysituationconfirmation/,kɔnfə'meɪʃənUS,kɑːnfər-/nounastatement,letter,etc.thatshowsthatsthistrue,correctordefiniteconsequence/'kɔnsɪkwənsUS'kɑːnsɪ-kwens/nounanoftenbadorinconvenientresultofaparticularactionorsituationconservative/kən'səːvətɪvUS-əːr-/adj,nountendingnottolikeortrustchange,especiallysuddenchangeconservative/kən'səːvətɪvUS-əːr-/adjAconservativeguessorcalculationislikelytobelessthantherealamountconservative/kən'səːvətɪvUS-əːr-/nounsomeonewhosupportsorisamemberoftheConservativePartyinBritainconsistent/kən'sɪstənt/adjalwaysbehavinginthesamewayorhavingthesameattitudes,standardsetc-usuallyusedtoshowapprovalconsumer/kən'sjuːməUS-'suːmər/nounsomeonewhobuysandusesproductsandservicesconsumption/kən'sʌmpʃən/nountheactofusingenergy,foodormaterials;theamountusedcontrast/'kɔntrɑːstUS'kɑːntræst/verb,nountocomparetwopeopleorthingsinordertoshowthedifferencesbetweenthemconvey/kən'veɪ/verbtocommunicateorexpresssomething,withorwithoutusingwordsconvey/kən'veɪ/verbformaltotakeorcarrysomethingfromoneplacetoanothercoordinate/kəu'ɔːdɪneɪtUSkou'ɔːr-/verbtomakevariousdifferentthingsworkeffectivelyasawholecoordinate/kəu'ɔːdɪneɪtUSkou'ɔːr-/verbtomatch;tolookattractivetogethercorrectly/kə'rektli/advhavingnomistakes,suitableandright

11correlate/'kɔrɪleɪtUS'kɔː-,'kɑː-/verbiftwoormorefacts,ideasetccorrelateorifyoucorrelatethem,theyarecloselyconnectedtoeachotheroronecausestheothercorrelation/,kɔrɪ'leɪʃənUS,kɔː-,,kɑː-/nounaconnectionbetweentwoideas,factsetc,especiallywhenonemaybethecauseoftheothercorrespondence/,kɔrɪ'spɔndənsUS,kɔːrɪ'spɑːn-,,kɑː-/nounarelationshiporconnectionbetweentwoormoreideasorfactscorrespondence/,kɔrɪ'spɔndənsUS,kɔːrɪ'spɑːn-,,kɑː-/nounthelettersthatsomeonesendsandreceives,especiallyofficialorbusinessletterscosmos/'kɔzmɔsUS'kɑːzməs/nounthewholeuniverse,especiallywhenyouthinkofitasasystemcounsel/'kaunsəl/verb,nounformaltoadvisesomeoneorgiveadvice,especiallyonsocialorpersonalproblemscounsel/'kaunsəl/nounatypeoflawyerwhorepresentsyouincourtcourageous/kə'reɪdʒəs/adjbrave,dealingwithdanger,pain,ordifficultsituationswithcourageandconfidencecourteous/'kəːtiəsUS'kəːr-/adjpoliteandshowingrespectforotherpeoplecourtesy/'kəːtɪsiUS'kəːr-/adjprovidedfreetoacustomerbyacompanycourtesy/'kəːtɪsiUS'kəːr-/nounpolitebehaviourandrespectforotherpeople,=politenesscoward/'kauədUS-ərd/nounsomeonewhoisnotatallbraveortooeagertoavoiddanger,difficultycrab/kræb/nounaseaanimalthathasfivepairsoflegsandaroundflatbodycoveredbyashell,oritsflesheatenasfoodcrack/kræk/verb,nountobreaksomethingsothatitdoesnotseparate,butverythinlinesappearonitssurface,ortobecomebrokeninthiswaycrack/kræk/verb,nountomakeaquickloudsoundlikethesoundofsomethingbreaking,ortomakesomethingdothiscradle/'kreɪdl/nounasmallbedforababy,especiallyonethatmovesgentlyfromsidetoside

12craft/krɑːftUSkræft/nounajoboractivityinwhichyoumakethingswithyourhands,andthatyouusuallyneedskilltodocraft/krɑːftUSkræft/noun(ajoboractivityneeding)skillandexperience,especiallyinrelationtomakingobjectscrank/kræŋk/noun,verbahandleonapieceofequipment,thatyoucanturninordertomovesomethingcredit/'kredɪt/nounamethodofpayingforgoodsorservicesatalatertime,usuallypayinginterestaswellastheoriginalmoneycredit/'kredɪt/nounapprovalorpraisethatyougivetosomeoneforsomethingtheyhavedonecriterion/kraɪ'tɪəriənUS-'tɪr-/nounastandardthatyouusetojudgesomethingormakeadecisionaboutsomethingcuckoo/'kukuːUS'kuːkuː,'ku-/nounagreybirdwithatwo-notecallthatsoundssimilartoitsname,whichputsitseggsinotherbirds'nestscustom/'kʌstəm/nounawayofbehavingorabeliefwhichhasbeenestablishedforalongtimeorusuallycutter/'kʌtəUS-ər/nounatoolthatisusedforcuttingsomethingcylinder/'sɪlɪndəUS-ər/nounashape,object,orcontainerwithcircularendsandlongstraightsidescylinder/'sɪlɪndəUS-ər/nounthetubewithinwhichapistonmovesforwardsandbackwardsinanenginedatum/'deɪtəm/noun(pluraldata)(technical)afactorpieceofinformationdazzle/'dæzəl/verbifaverybrightlightdazzlesyou,itstopsyoufromseeingproperlyforashorttimedeafen/'defən/verbtomakesbunabletohearthesoundsaroundthembecausethereistoomuchdecidedly/dɪ'saɪdɪdli/advdefinitelyorinawaythatiseasilynoticeddecimal/'desɪməl/adj,nounrelatingtoorexpressedinasystemofcountingbasedonthenumbertendecisive/dɪ'saɪsɪv/adjstronglyaffectinghowasituationwillprogessorenddecisive/dɪ'saɪsɪv/adjabletomakedecisionsquicklyandconfidently,orshowingthisqualitydecompose/,diːkəm'pəuzUS-'pouz/verbdecayormakesomethingdecay,ordivideintosmallerparts

13decorative/'dekərətɪvUS'dekərə-,'dekəreɪ-/adjprettyorattractive,butnotalwaysnecessaryorusefuldecree/dɪ'kriː/verb,nounanofficialorderordecision,especiallyonemadebytherulerofacountrydeform/dɪ'fɔːmUS-ɔːrm/verbtochangeorspoiltheusualornaturalshapeofsthdelegate/'delɪgɪt/nounsomeonewhohasbeenelectedorchosentospeak,vote,ortakedecisionsforagroupdelegate/'delɪgɪt/verbtogivepartofyourpowerorworktosomeoneinalowerpositionthanyoudeliberately/dɪ'lɪbərɪtli/advdoneorsaidinaslowcarefulwaydeliberately/dɪ'lɪbərɪtli/advdoneinawaythatisintendedorplanned,=onpurposedenial/dɪ'naɪəl/nounastatementsayingthatsomethingisnottruedenial/dɪ'naɪəl/nounaconditioninwhichyourefusetoadmitorbelievethatsomethingbadexistsorhashappeneddenote/dɪ'nəutUS-'nout/verbrepresentorbeasignofsomething,meansomethingdenounce/dɪ'nauns/verbtoaccusesomeonepubliclyofbeingsomethingbad;togiveinformationagainstdenounce/dɪ'nauns/verbtocriticizesomethingorsomeonestronglyandpubliclydependant/dɪ'pendənt/nounaperson,especiallyachild,whodependsonanotherpersonforahome,food,money,etcdeposit/dɪ'pɔzɪtUSdɪ'pɑː-/verb,nountoputmoneyorsomethingvaluableinabankorotherplacewhereitwillbesafedeposit/dɪ'pɔzɪtUSdɪ'pɑː-/verbtoputsomethingdowninaparticularplacedeposit/dɪ'pɔzɪtUSdɪ'pɑː-/verbtoleavealayerofasubstanceonthesurfaceofsomething,especiallygraduallydeposit/dɪ'pɔzɪtUSdɪ'pɑː-/nounmoneythatyoupaywhenyourentsomethingsuchasanapartmentorcar,whichwillbegivenbackifyoudonotdamageitdeputy/'depjʊti/nnounsomeonewhoisdirectlybelowanotherpersoninrank,andwhoisofficiallyinchargewhenthatpersonisnotthere

14designate/'dezɪgneɪt/verbtochoosesomeoneorsomethingforaparticularjoborpurposedesignate/'dezɪgneɪt/verbtorepresentorrefertosomethingusingaparticularsign,nameetcdestructive/dɪ'strʌktɪv/adjcausingdamagetopeopleorthingsdetach/dɪ'tætʃ/verbtoseparateorremovesomethingfromsomethingelsethatitisconnectedtodetail/'diːteɪlUSdɪ'teɪl/verbtolistthingsorgiveallthefactsorinformationaboutsomethingdetail/'diːteɪlUSdɪ'teɪl/nounasinglefeature,fact,orpieceofinformationaboutsomethingdevelop/dɪ'veləp/verbmakeaphotographoutofaphotographicfilm,usingchemicalsdevelop/dɪ'veləp/verbtogroworchangeintosomethingbigger,stronger,ormoreadvanced,ortomakesomeoneorsomethingdothisdevelop/dɪ'veləp/verbdesignormakeanewidea,product,systemetcoveraperiodoftimedevotion/dɪ'vəuʃənUS-'vou-/nounthestronglovethatyoushowwhenyoupayalotofattentiontosomeoneorsomethingdiagnose/'daɪəgnəuzUS-nous/verbtofindoutwhatillnesssomeonehas,orwhatthecauseofafaultis,afterdoingtests,examinationsetcdictator/dɪk'teɪtəUS'dɪkteɪtər/nounarulerwhohascompletepoweroveracountry,especiallyonewhosepowerhasbeengainedbyforcediminish/dɪ'mɪnɪʃ/verbtoreduceorbereducedinsizeorimportancediscount/'dɪskaunt/noun,verbareductionintheusualpriceofsomethingdiscourse/'dɪskɔːsUS-ɔːrs/nounaseriousspeechorpieceofwritingonaparticularsubjectorcommunicationinspeechorwritingdisorder/dɪs'ɔːdəUS-'ɔːrdər/nounamentalorphysicalillnesswhichpreventspartofyourbodyfromworkingproperlydisorder/dɪs'ɔːdəUS-'ɔːrdər/nounasituationinwhichalotofpeoplebehaveinanuncontrolled,noisy,orviolentwayinpublicdisplace/dɪs'pleɪs/verbtoforcesomethingoutofitsusualplaceorpositionorleavedisplace/dɪs'pleɪs/verbtotaketheplaceorpositionofsomethingorsomeone,=replace

15displacement/dɪs'pleɪsmənt/nounwhenagroupofpeopleoranimalsareforcedtoleavetheplacewheretheyusuallylivedissatisfaction/dɪ,sætɪs'fækʃən,dɪs,sæ-/nounafeelingthatyouarenotpleasedandsatisfieddissipate/'dɪsɪpeɪt/verbtograduallybecomelessorweakerbeforedisappearingcompletely,ortomakesomethingdothisdissipate/'dɪsɪpeɪt/verbtowastesomethingvaluablesuchastime,money,orenergydissolve/dɪ'zɔlvUSdɪ'zɑːlv/verb(ofasolid)tobeabsorbedbyaliquid,especiallywhenmixed,or(ofaliquid)toabsorbasoliddissolve/dɪ'zɔlvUSdɪ'zɑːlv/verbtoformallyendaparliament,businessarrangement,marriageetcdistinct/dɪ'stɪŋkt/adjclearlydifferentorbelongingtoadifferenttypedistinct/dɪ'stɪŋkt/adjeasilyorclearlyheard,seen,felt,etc,orclearlynoticeabledistinguish/dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃ/verbtorecognizeandunderstandthedifferencebetweentwoormorethingsorpeople,=differentiatedistinguish/dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃ/verbtobethethingthatmakessomeoneorsomethingdifferentorspecialdiversion/daɪ'vəːʃən,dɪ-US-əːrʒən/nountheactofchangingthedirectionthatsb/sthisfollowing,orwhatsthisusedfordiversion/daɪ'vəːʃən,dɪ-US-əːrʒən/noun(formal)anactivitythatisdoneforpleasure,especiallybecauseittakesyourattentionawayfromsthelsedivert/daɪ'vəːt,dɪ-US-əːrt/verbtotakesomeone'sattentionawayfromsomethingdivert/daɪ'vəːt,dɪ-US-əːrt/verbchangetheuseofsomethingorchangethedirectiondivine/dɪ'vaɪn/adjcomingfromorrelatingtoGodorlikeagoddocumentary/,dɔkjʊ'mentəriUS,dɑːk-/nounafilmortelevisionoraradioprogrammethatgivesdetailedinformationaboutaparticularsubjectdrain/dreɪn/verbtomakethewaterorliquidinsomethingflowawaydrain/dreɪn/noun,verbespeciallyBrEapipethatcarrieswaterorwasteliquidsaway

16dry/draɪ/adjboring,veryserious,andwithouthumourdry/draɪ/adj,verbdescribessomethingthathasnowaterorotherliquidin,on,oraroundduplicate/'djuːplɪkeɪtUS'duː-/verb,adj,nountomakeanexactcopyofsomethingdwarf/dwɔːfUSdwɔːrf/nouninstoriesforchildren,acreaturelikealittlemanwithmagicalpowersdwarf/dwɔːfUSdwɔːrf/adj,nounofenoffensiveapersonwhoismuchsmallerthantheusualsize,verysmallear/ɪəUSɪr/nounusedtotalkabouthearingear/ɪəUSɪr/nounoneoftheorgansoneithersideofyourheadthatyouhearwithear/ɪəUSɪr/nounthetoppartofagrainplant,suchaswheat,thatcontainstheseedsearnings/'əːnɪŋzUS'əːr-/nounthemoneythatyoureceivefortheworkthatyoudoearnings/'əːnɪŋzUS'əːr-/nountheprofitthatacompanyorcountrymakesearthenware/'əːθənweə,-ðən-/adjmadeofquiteroughclay,oftenshapedwiththehandseconomically/,ekə'nɔmɪkli,,iː-US-'nɑː-/advinawaythatusesmoney,goods,timeetcwithoutwastinganyeconomically/,ekə'nɔmɪkli,,iː-US-'nɑː-/advinawaythatisrelatedtosystemsofmoney,trade,orbusinesseditorial/,edɪ'tɔːriəl/nounapieceofwritinginanewspaperthatgivestheeditor'sopinionaboutsomething,ratherthanreportingfactsegyptian/ɪ'dʒɪpʃən/adj,nounrelatingtoEgyptoritspeople,someonefromEgypteject/ɪ'dʒekt/verbtomakesomeoneleaveaplaceorbuildingbyusingforceeject/ɪ'dʒekt/verbtosuddenlysendsomethingoutelectrode/ɪ'lektrəudUS-troud/nounasmallpieceofmetalorawirethatisusedtosendelectricitythroughasystemorthroughaperson'sbody

17electronics/ɪ,lek'trɔnɪks,,elɪk-US-'trɑː-/nounelectronicequipmenteloquence/'eləkwənt/adjabletoexpressyourideasandopinionswell,especiallyinawaythatinfluencespeopleemerge/ɪ'məːdʒUS-əːrdʒ/verbtoappearorcomeoutfromsomewhereemerge/ɪ'məːdʒUS-əːrdʒ/verbiffactsemerge,theybecomeknownafterbeinghiddenorsecretempirical/ɪm'pɪrɪkəl/adjbasedonscientifictestingorpracticalexperience,notonideasenclosure/ɪn'kləuʒəUS-'klouʒər/nounsomethingthatisplacedinanenvelopewithaletterenclosure/ɪn'kləuʒəUS-'klouʒər/nounapieceoflandthatissurroundedbyafenceorwallandisusedforaparticularpurposeendanger/ɪn'deɪndʒəUS-ər/verbtoputsomeoneorsomethingindangerofbeinghurt,damaged,ordestroyedendow/ɪn'dau/verb,nountogivealargeamountofmoneytopayforcreatingacollegeorhospital,etc.ortoprovideanincomeforit:endurance/ɪn'djuərənsUSɪn'dur-/nountheabilitytocontinuedoingsomethingdifficultorpainfuloveralongperiodoftimeengage/ɪn'geɪdʒ/verbtoemploysomeonetodoaparticularjobengage/ɪn'geɪdʒ/verbtobedoingortobecomeinvolvedinanactivityengage/ɪn'geɪdʒ/verbtomakeonepartofamachinefitintoandmovetogetherwithanotherpartofamachineenlighten/ɪn'laɪtn/verb(formal)togivesbinformationsothattheyunderstandsthbetterenrich/ɪn'rɪtʃ/verbtoimprovethequalityofsomething,especiallybyaddingthingstoitenrich/ɪn'rɪtʃ/verbtomakesomethingorsomeonericherenroll/ɪn'rəulUS-'roul/verbtoofficiallyarrangetojoinaschool,university,orcourse,ortoarrangeforsomeoneelsetodothisentry/'entri/nountherightoropportunitytotoenteraplace,buildingetc

18entry/'entri/verbtheactofgoingintosomethingepoch/'iːpɔkUS'epək/nounaperiodoftimeinhistory,especiallyoneduringwhichimportanteventsorchangeshappenequation/ɪ'kweɪʒən/nounthesetofdifferentfacts,ideas,orpeoplethatallaffectasituationandmustbeconsideredtogetherequation/ɪ'kweɪʒən/nounastatementinmathematicsthatshowsthattwoamountsortotalsareequalequilibrium/,iːkwɪ'lɪbriəm/nounastateofbalance,especiallybetweenopposingforcesorinfluencesequilibrium/,iːkwɪ'lɪbriəm/nounacalmstateofmindandabalanceofemotionsestablish/ɪ'stæblɪʃ/verbtomakepeopleacceptthatyoucandosomething,orthatyouhaveaparticularqualityestablish/ɪ'stæblɪʃ/verbtostartacompanyororganizationthatwillcontinueforalongtimeeven/'iːvən/advemphasizesomethingthatisunexpectedorsurprisinginwhatyouaresayingeven/'iːvən/adjdividedequally,sothatthereisthesameamountofsomethingineachplace,foreachpersonetceven/'iːvən/adjanevennumbercanbedividedexactlybytwoeven/'iːvən/advusedtoaddastronger,moreexactwordtowhatyouaresayingeverlasting/,evə'lɑːstɪŋUS,evər'læ-/adjcontinuingforever,evenaftersomeonehasdied,=eternalexcel/ɪk'sel/adjtodosomethingverywell,ormuchbetterthanmostpeopleexceptional/ɪk'sepʃənəl/adjunusuallygood,=outstandingexceptional/ɪk'sepʃənəl/adjveryunusualandlikelynottohappenoftenexclamation/,eksklə'meɪʃən/nounasound,word,orshortsentencethatyousaysuddenlyandloudlybecauseyouaresurprised,angry,orexcitedexemplify/ɪg'zemplɪfaɪ/verbtobeorgiveatypicalexampleofsomethingexile/'eksaɪl,'egzaɪl/verb,nounasituationinwhichyouareforcedtoleaveyourcountryandliveinanothercountry,especiallyforpoliticalreasons

19expedition/,ekspɪ'dɪʃən/nounalongandcarefullyorganizedjourney,especiallytoadangerousorunfamiliarplace,orthepeoplethatmakethisjourneyexpel/ɪk'spel/verbtoforcetoleave;toremoveexpenditure/ɪk'spendɪtʃəUS-ər/nountheactionofspendingorusingtime,money,energyetcexpenditure/ɪk'spendɪtʃəUS-ər/nounthetotalamountofmoneythatagovernment,organization,orpersonspendsduringaparticularperiodoftimeexpire/ɪk'spaɪəUS-'spaɪr/verbliteraryifsomeoneexpires,theydieexpire/ɪk'spaɪəUS-'spaɪr/verbIfsomethingexpires,itcomestoanendorstopsbeinginuseexplicit/ɪk'splɪsɪt/adjexpressedinawaythatisveryclearanddirectexploration/,eksplə'reɪʃən/nountheactoftravellingthroughaplaceinordertofindoutaboutitorfindsomethingsuchasoilorgoldinitextraordinarily/ɪk'strɔːdənərɪliUSɪk,strɔːrdn'erɪli/advvery;unusually;extremelyfantastic/fæn'tæstɪk/adjextremelygood,attractive,enjoyableetcfaultless/'fɔːltləsUS'fɔːlt-/adjperfect;havingnomistakesferry/'feri/nounaboatthatcarriespeopleorgoodsacrossariveroranarrowareaofwaterferry/'feri/verbtocarrypeopleorthingsashortdistancefromoneplacetoanotherinaboatorothervehiclefertile/'fəːtaɪlUS'fəːrtl/adjfertilelandorsoilisabletoproducegoodcropsfertile/'fəːtaɪlUS'fəːrtl/adjabletoproducebabies,younganimals,ornewplantsfilament/'fɪləmənt/nounaverythinthreadorwirefilter/'fɪltəUS-ər/nounsomethingthatyoupasswater,airetcthroughinordertoremoveunwantedsubstancesandmakeitcleanorsuitabletousefilth/fɪlθ/nounverydirtyandunpleasantsubstance,especiallyalotofit

20filth/fɪlθ/nounveryoffensivelanguage,stories,orpicturesaboutsexfinely/'faɪnli/advbeautifullyorimpressivelyfinely/'faɪnli/advinaverycareful,delicate,orexactwayfinite/'faɪnaɪt/adjhavinganendoralimitorfixedsizefitness/'fɪtnɪs/nounwhenyouarehealthyandstrongenoughtodohardworkorplaysportsfitness/'fɪtnɪs/nounthestateofbeingsuitableorgoodenoughforsthfitting/'fɪtɪŋ/adjsuitableorrightforaparticularsituationoroccasion,=appropriatefitting/'fɪtɪŋ/nounanoutsidepartofapieceofequipmentthatmakesitpossibletouseorhandleitflake/fleɪk/noun,verbasmall,verythinlayerorpieceofsth,especiallyonethathasbrokenofffromsthlargerflame/fleɪm/noun,verbhotbrightburninggasthatyouseewhensomethingisonfireflank/flæŋk/nounthesideofananimal'sorperson'sbody,betweentheribsandthehipflank/flæŋk/noun,verbtobeatthesideofsomeoneorsomethingflavour/'fleɪvəUS-ər/noun,verbhowfoodordrinktastes,oraparticulartasteitselfflee/fliː/verbleavesomewhereveryquickly,inordertoescapefromdangerflight/flaɪt/nounwhenyouleaveaplaceinordertotryandescapefromapersonoradangeroussituationflight/flaɪt/nounasetofstepsbuiltforgoingfromonelevelofabuildingtoanotherflight/flaɪt/nounajourneyinaplaneorspacevehicle,ortheplaneorvehiclethatismakingthejourneyflock/flɔkUSflɑːk/noun,verbagroupofsheep,goatsorbirds,oragroupofpeopleormoveorgathertogetheringroupflush/flʌʃ/noun,verbbecomeredintheface,forexamplewhenyouareangryorembarrassed,=blushflush/flʌʃ/noun,verbifyouflushatoilet,orifitflushes,youmakewatergothroughittocleanitflux/flʌks/nounasituationinwhichthingsarechangingalotandyoucannotbesurewhatwillhappen

21fly/flaɪ/nounasmallflyinginsectwithtwowingsfly/flaɪ/verbmoveorgoquickly,waveormoveaboutintheairfly/flaɪ/verbtravelbyaircraft,ortogosomewhereorcrosssomethinginanaircraftfollow/'fɔləuUS'fɑːlou/verbgo,walk,driveetcbehindoraftersomeoneelsefollow/'fɔləuUS'fɑːlou/verbhappenorcomeaftersomethingfore/fɔːUSfɔːr/adj(especiallyonships)towardsorinthefrontfore/fɔːUSfɔːr/nountoorinapositionofimportanceorinfluenceforesee/fɔː'siːUSfɔːr-/verbtothinkorknowthatsomethingisgoingtohappeninthefutureformerly/'fɔːməliUS'fɔːrmərli/advinearliertimes,=previouslyforthcoming/,fɔːθ'kʌmɪŋUS,fɔːrθ-/adjfriendlyandhelpful,willingtogiveinformationortotalkforthcoming/,fɔːθ'kʌmɪŋUS,fɔːrθ-/adjgoingtohappen,bepublished,etc.verysoonforward/'fɔːwədUS'fɔːrwərd/nountowardsthedirectionthatisinfrontofyouforward/'fɔːwədUS'fɔːrwərd/nountowardsthefuturefossil/'fɔsəlUS'fɑː-/nountheremainsofananimaloraplantwhichhavebecomehardandturnedintorockfoul/faul/adj,noundirtyandsmellingbad,veryunpleasantfracture/'fræktʃəUS-ər/verb,nounacrackorbrokenpartinaboneorotherhardsubstancefracture/'fræktʃəUS-ər/verbifagroup,countryetcfractures,itdividesintopartsinanunfriendlywaybecauseofdisagreement,=split

22frail/freɪl/adjweakorunhealthy,oreasilydamaged,brokenorharmedfrequency/'friːkwənsi/nounthefactthatsomethinghappensalot,=regularityfrequency/'friːkwənsi/nounthenumberoftimesthatsomethinghappenswithinaparticularperiodoftimeorwithinaparticulargroupofpeoplefrequency/'friːkwənsi/nounthenumberofradiowaves,soundwavesetcthatpassanypointpersecondfriction/'frɪkʃən/noundisagreementorunfriendlinesscausedbypeoplehavingdifferentopinionsfriction/'frɪkʃən/nountheforcewhichmakesitdifficultforoneobjecttoslidealongthesurfaceofanotherortomovethroughaliquidorgasfright/fraɪt/nounthefeelingoffear,especiallyiffeltsuddenlyfringe/frɪndʒ/nounadecorativeedgeofhangingnarrowstripsofmaterialorthreadsonapieceofclothingormaterialfringe/frɪndʒ/noun,verbtheouteroredgeorlessimportantpartofanarea,grouporactivityfrustrate/frʌ'streɪtUS'frʌstreɪt/verbtomakesbfeelannoyedorimpatientbecausetheycannotdoorachievewhattheywantfrustrate/frʌ'streɪtUS'frʌstreɪt/verbtopreventsbfromdoingsth;topreventsthfromhappeningorsucceedinggangster/'gæŋstəUS-ər/nounamemberofaviolentgroupofcriminalsgather/'gæðəUS-ər/verbcollectorobtainseveralthings,oftenfromdifferentplacesorpeoplegather/'gæðəUS-ər/verbcometogetherandformagroup,ortomakepeopledothisgather/'gæðəUS-ər/verbtobelievethatsomethingistruebecauseofwhatyouhaveseenorheard,=understandgathering/'gæðərɪŋ/nounameetingofpeopleforaparticularpurposegeneralize/'dʒenərəlaɪz/verbtoformageneralprincipleoropinionafterconsideringonlyasmallnumberoffactsorexamplesgeneralize/'dʒenərəlaɪz/verbtosaythatanidea,resultetcisrelatedtoalargergroupgerm/dʒəːmUSdʒəːrm/nounaverysmalllivingthingthatcancauseinfectionanddisease

23germ/dʒəːmUSdʒəːrm/nounanearlystageofthedevelopmentofsthginger/'dʒɪndʒəUS-ər/nnounthespicyrootofatropicalplantwhichisusedincookingoreatenpreservedinsugarglobal/'gləubəlUS'glou-/adjaffectingorincludingthewholeworldgoddess/'gɔdɪsUS'gɑː-/nounafemalebeingwhoisbelievedtocontroltheworldorpartofit;afemalegodgovern/'gʌvənUS-ərn/verbcontrolanddirectthepublicbusinessofacountry,city,groupofpeople,etcgrab/græb/verbtotakeorholdsb/sthwithyourhandsuddenly,firmlyorroughlygrab/græb/verbtotaketheopportunitytoget,useorenjoysomethingquicklygracious/'greɪʃəs/adjhavingthekindofexpensivestyle,comfort,andbeautythatonlyrichpeoplecanaffordgracious/'greɪʃəs/adjbehavinginapolite,kind,andgenerousway,especiallytopeopleofalowerrankgramophone/'græməfəunUS-foun/nounanold-fashionedtypeofrecordplayer.(inAM,usuallyusephonograph)graphite/'græfaɪt/nounasoftblacksubstancethatisakindofcarbon,usedinpencils,paints,andelectricalequipmentgrassy/'grɑːsiUS'græsi/adjcoveredwithgrassgraze/greɪz/verb,nountoaccidentallybreakthesurfaceofyourskinbyrubbingitagainstsomethinggraze/greɪz/verbeatgrassthatisgrowinginafieldgrease/griːs/noun,verbanimalorvegetablefatthatissoftaftermelting,ormoregenerally,anythickoilysubstancegrope/grəupUSgroup/verbtofeelwithyourhands,especiallyinordertofindormovetowardssomethingwhenyoucannotseeeasilygrunt/grʌnt/verb,nountomakealowroughnoise,or(ofaperson)tomakeashortlowsoundinsteadofspeaking,usuallybecauseofangerorpainhalve/hɑːvUShæv/verbtocutordividesomethingintotwoequalpieceshalve/hɑːvUShæv/verbtoreducesomethingbyahalfhandbook/'hændbuk/nounashortbookthatgivesinformationorinstructionsaboutsomething

24handy/'hændi/adjskilfulinusingyourhandsortoolstomakeorrepairthingshandy/'hændi/adjusefulorconvenienthatch/hætʃ/verbto(causeaneggto)breakinordertoallowayounganimaltocomeouthatch/hætʃ/nounaholeinashiporaircraft,usuallyusedforloadinggoods,orthedoorthatcoversithazard/'hæzədUS-ərd/nounsomethingthatmaybedangerous,orcauseaccidentsorproblemsheadquarters/'hed,kwɔːtəz,,hed'kwɔːtəzUS-ɔːrtərz/nounthemainofficesofanorganizationsuchasthearmy,policeorabusinesscompanyhearth/hɑːθUShɑːrθ/nountheareaofflooraroundafireplaceinahousehearty/'hɑːtiUS'hɑːrti/adjenthusiastic,energetic,orhappyandfriendlyandusuallyloudhearty/'hɑːtiUS'hɑːrti/adjlargeor(especiallyoffood)inlargeamountsheave/hiːv/verbthroworpullorliftsomethingveryheavywithonegreateffortheave/hiːv/verbfeelasifyouaregoingtovomitheaven/'hevən/nountheplacewhereGodisbelievedtoliveandwheregoodpeoplearebelievedtogowhentheydieheaven/'hevən/nountheplacewhereGodisbelievedtoliveandwheregoodpeoplearebelievedtogowhentheydieherald/'herəld/verbsaypubliclythatsomethingwillbegoodorimportantherald/'herəld/verb,nountobeasignofsomethingthatisgoingtocomeorhappensoonhide/haɪd/verbputsomethingorsomeoneinaplacewheretheycannotbeseenorfoundhike/haɪk/verb,nounincreaseprices,taxes,etc.suddenlybylargeamountshike/haɪk/verb,nounalongwalkinthemountainsorcountrysidehindrance/'hɪndrəns/nounsomethingwhichmakesitmoredifficultforyoutodosomethingorforsomethingtodevelop

25hinge/hɪndʒ/verb,nounapieceofmetalfastenedtoadoor,lidetcthatallowsittoswingopenandclosehit/hɪt/verbathingorpersonthatisverypopularorsuccessfulhit/hɪt/verbswingyourhandoranobjectontothesurfaceofsomethingsothatittouchesit,usuallywithforcehitherto/,hɪðə'tuːUS-ər-/advuntilnoworuntilaparticulartime;uptothistimehoarse/hɔːsUShɔːrs/adj(ofavoiceoraperson)havingaroughvoice,oftenbecauseofasorethroatoracoldhoe/həuUShou/noun,verbagardentoolwithalonghandle,usedforremovingweeds(=unwantedplants)fromthesurfaceofthesoilhomely/'həumliUS'houm-/adjBrEsimpleinawaythatmakesyoufeelcomfortablehomely/'həumliUS'houm-/adjBrEahomelypersoniswarmandfriendlyandenjoyshomelifehose/həuzUShouz/nounalongrubberorplastictubewhichcanbemovedandbenttoputwaterontofires,gardensetc,BritishEquivalent:hosepipehostile/'hɔstaɪlUS'hɑːstl,'hɑːstaɪl/adjdifficultornotsuitableforlivingorgrowinghostile/'hɔstaɪlUS'hɑːstl,'hɑːstaɪl/adjconnectedwiththeenemyinawarhostile/'hɔstaɪlUS'hɑːstl,'hɑːstaɪl/adjangryanddeliberatelyunfriendlytowardssomeoneandreadytoarguewiththemhum/hʌm/verb,nountosingatunebymakingacontinuoussoundwithyourlipsclosedhumanitarian/hjuː,mænɪ'teəriənUS-'ter-/adjconcernedwithreducingsufferingandimprovingtheconditionsthatpeopleliveinhush/hʌʃ/noun,verbaperiodofsilence,especiallyfollowingalotofnoise,orwhenpeopleareexpectingsthtohappenicy/'aɪsi/adjextremelycold,=frostyicy/'aɪsi/adjcoverediniceideally/aɪ'dɪəli/adjusedwhendescribingtheperfectsituationidentification/aɪ,dentɪfɪ'keɪʃən/nounIDofficialpapersorcards,suchasyourpassport,thatprovewhoyouare

26identification/aɪ,dentɪfɪ'keɪʃən/nounwhenyourecognizesomethingordiscoverexactlywhatitisidiot/'ɪdiət/nounastupidpersonorsomeonewhohasdonesomethingstupidimmerse/ɪ'məːsUS-əːrs/verbtobecomecompletelyinvolvedinsomethingimmerse/ɪ'məːsUS-əːrs/verbtoputsomeoneorsomethingdeepintoaliquidsothattheyarecompletelycoveredimmigrate/'ɪmɪgreɪt/verbtocomeintoacountryinordertolivetherepermanentlyimmortal/ɪ'mɔːtlUS-ɔːr-/adjanimmortalline,play,songetcissofamousthatitwillneverbeforgottenimmortal/ɪ'mɔːtlUS-ɔːr-/adjthatlivesorlastsforeverororcontinuingforeverimpartial/ɪm'pɑːʃəlUS-ɑːr-/adjnotsupportinganyofthesidesinvolvedinanargument,=fairinadequate/ɪn'ædɪkwɪt/adjnotgoodenoughortoolowinqualityornoskilledenoughincapable/ɪn'keɪpəbəl/adjunabletodosomethingornotabletodosomethingincidence/'ɪnsɪdəns/nounthenumberoftimessomethinghappens,especiallycrime,diseaseetcinclusive/ɪn'kluːsɪv/adjincludingmuchoreverything;andespeciallyincludingstatedlimitsincompatible/,ɪnkəm'pætɪbəl/adjnotabletoexistorworkwithanotherpersonorthingbecauseofbasicdifferencesindoor/'ɪndɔːUS-ɔːr/adjusedorhappeninginsideabuildinginduce/ɪn'djuːsUSɪn'duːs/verbformaltocauseaparticularphysicalconditioninduce/ɪn'djuːsUSɪn'duːs/verbformaltopersuadesomeonetodosomething,especiallysomethingthatdoesnotseemwiseinevitably/ɪ'nevɪtəbli/advcertaintohappenandunabletobeavoidedorpreventedinfect/ɪn'fekt/verbtopassadiseasetoaperson,animalorplantinfect/ɪn'fekt/verbtomakesomeonehavethesamefeelingoremotionasyouinference/'ɪnfərəns/nounsomethingthatyouthinkistrue,basedoninformationthatyouhave

27inflation/ɪn'fleɪʃən/nounacontinuingincreaseinprices,ortherateatwhichpricesincreaseingenuity/,ɪndʒə'njuːɪtiUS-'nuː-/nountheabilitytoinventthingsorsolveproblemsinclevernewwaysinitially/ɪ'nɪʃəli/advatthebeginninginject/ɪn'dʒekt/verbtouseaneedleandsyringe(=smalltube)toputaliquidsuchasadrugintoaperson'sbodyinject/ɪn'dʒekt/verbtointroducesomethingnewthatisnecessaryorhelpfultoasituationorprocessinnumerable/ɪ'njuːmərəbəlUSɪ'nuː-/adjverymany,ortoomanytobecounted,=countlessinsert/ɪn'səːtUS-əːrt/verbputsomethinginsidesomethingelse,ortoaddsomethinginsistent/ɪn'sɪstənt/adjdemandingsthfirmlyandrefusingtoacceptanyoppositionorexcusesinsistent/ɪn'sɪstənt/adjcontinuingforalongperiodoftimeinawaythatcannotbeignoredinsulate/'ɪnsjʊleɪtUS'ɪnsə-,'ɪnʃə-/verbtokeepsomeoneapartfromparticularexperiencesorinfluences,especiallyunpleasantonesinsulate/'ɪnsjʊleɪtUS'ɪnsə-,'ɪnʃə-/verbtoprotectsthwithamaterialthatpreventsheat,sound,electricity,etc.frompassingthroughintake/'ɪnteɪk/nounthenumberofpeoplewhojoinaschool,professionetcataparticulartimeintake/'ɪnteɪk/nountheamountoffood,drinketcthatyoutakeintoyourbodyintercourse/'ɪntəkɔːsUS'ɪntərkɔːrs/nounanexchangeofideas,feelingsetcwhichmakepeopleorgroupsunderstandeachotherbetterintermediate/,ɪntə'miːdiətUS-tər-/adjbeingbetweentwootherrelatedthings,levelsorpointsintervene/,ɪntə'viːnUS-tər-/verbtointerruptsomeonewhentheyarespeakingorinterruptsomething

28intervene/,ɪntə'viːnUS-tər-/verbtobecomeinvolvedinanargument,fight,orotherdifficultsituationinordertochangewhathappensintonation/,ɪntə'neɪʃən/nountheplayingorsingingofcorrectmusicalnotesintonation/,ɪntə'neɪʃən/nountheriseandfallofthevoiceinspeaking,especiallyasthisaffectsthemeaningofwhatisbeingsaidirregularity/ɪ'regjʊləUS-ər/nounsomethingthatdoesnothappenatregularintervalsirregularity/ɪ'regjʊləUS-ər/nounsomethingthatisnotsmoothorregularinshapeorarrangementirrespective/,ɪrɪ'spektɪv/advwithoutconsidering;notneedingtoallowfor;noeffectonasituationirritate/'ɪrɪteɪt/verbtomakesomeonefeelannoyedorimpatient,especiallybydoingsomethingmanytimesorforalongperiodoftimeirritate/'ɪrɪteɪt/verbtomakeapartofyourbodypainfulandsorejam/dʒæm/nounasituationinwhichitisdifficultorimpossibletomovebecausetherearesomanycarsorpeoplejam/dʒæm/nounathicksweetsubstancemadefromboiledfruitandsugar,eatenespeciallyonbreadjealousy/'dʒeləsi/nounafeelingofbeingjealousjewellery/'dʒuːəlri/nounsmallthingsthatyouwearfordecoration,suchasringsornecklacesjingle/'dʒɪŋgəl/verb,nountoshakesmallmetalthingstogethersothattheymakeasound,ortomakethissoundjunction/'dʒʌŋkʃən/nounaplacewhereoneroad,tracketcjoinsanother,=intersectionjunior/'dʒuːniəUS-ər/adj,nounhavingalowrankinanorganizationorprofessionjunior/'dʒuːniəUS-ər/adj,nounrelatingtoaschoolforchildrenbelowtheageof11kidnap/'kɪdnæp/verbtotakesomeonesomewhereillegallybyforce,ofteninordertogetmoneyforreturningthemkilowatt/'kɪləwɔtUS-wɑːt/nounaunitformeasuringelectricalpower,equalto1000wattskindle/'kɪndl/verbtostartburning;tomakeafirestartburningkindle/'kɪndl/verbtomakesomeonefeelinterested,excited,hopefuletc

29kit/kɪt/nounasetoftools,equipmentetcthatyouuseforaparticularpurposeoractivityknight/naɪt/nounamanwithahighrankinthepastwhowastrainedtofightwhileridingahorselandscape/'lændskeɪp/nounanareaofcountrysideorlandofaparticulartype,usedespeciallywhentalkingaboutitsappearancelatent/'leɪtənt/adjexisting,butnotyetverynoticeable,activeorwelldevelopedlathe/leɪð/nounamachinethatshapeswoodormetal,byturningitaroundandaroundagainstasharptoollease/liːs/nounalegalagreementwhichallowsyoutouseabuilding,caretcforaperiodoftime,inreturnforrentlessen/'lesən/verbtobecomesmallerinsize,importance,orvalue,ormakesomethingdothis,=reduceliability/,laɪə'bɪlɪti/nountheamountofdebtthatmustbepaidliability/,laɪə'bɪlɪti/nounlegalresponsibilityforsomething,especiallyforpayingmoneythatisowed,orfordamageorinjurylighter/'laɪtəUS-ər/nounasmalldeviceforprovidingaflameforacigaretteetclikeness/'laɪknɪs/nounthefactofbeingsimilartoanotherpersonorthing,especiallyinappearance;anexampleofthislimestone/'laɪmstəunUS-stoun/nounawhiteorlightgreyrockwhichisusedasabuildingmaterialandinthemakingofcementlinear/'lɪniəUS-ər/adjrelatingtolength,ratherthanareaorvolumelinear/'lɪniəUS-ər/adjconsistingoflines,orintheformofastraightlineliterary/'lɪtərəriUS'lɪtəreri/adjrelatingtoliteraturelocality/ləu'kælɪtiUSlou-/nounasmallareaofacountry,cityetc,=arealocation/ləu'keɪʃənUSlou-/nounaplacewheresthhappensorexists;thepositionofsthlog/lɔgUSlɔːg,lɑːg/noun,verbanofficialrecordofevents,especiallyonajourneyinashiporplanelog/lɔgUSlɔːg,lɑːg/nounathickpieceofwoodfromatree

30luminous/'luːmɪnəs/adjverybrightlycoloured,especiallyingreen,pink,oryellowluminous/'luːmɪnəs/adjshininginthedark;givingoutlightmagician/mə'dʒɪʃən/nounapersonwhohasmagicpowersinstories,orwhoperformstricksforentertainmentmaid/meɪd/nounolduseawomanorgirlwhoisnotmarriedmaid/meɪd/nounafemaleservant,especiallyinalargehouseorhotelmain/meɪn/adjlarger,moreimportantormoreinfluentialthanothersofthesametypemain/meɪn/nounalargepipeorwirecarryingthepublicsupplyofwater,electricity,orgasmargin/mɑːtʃUSmɑːrtʃ/nounthedifferencebetweenwhatitcostsabusinesstobuyorproducesomethingandwhattheysellitformargin/mɑːtʃUSmɑːrtʃ/nountheemptyspaceatthesideofawrittenorprintedpagemarginal/'mɑːdʒɪnəlUS'mɑːr-/adjtechnicalrelatingtoachangeincost,valueetcwhenonemorethingisproduced,onemoredollarisearnedetcmarginal/'mɑːdʒɪnəlUS'mɑːr-/adjamarginalchangeordifferenceistoosmalltobeimportant;notimportantmarshal/'mɑːʃəlUS'mɑːr-/nounanofficerofthehighestrankinthearmyorairforceofsomecountriesmarshal/'mɑːʃəlUS'mɑːr-/verbtogatherororganizepeopleorthingsinordertoachieveaparticularaimmassacre/'mæsəkəUS-ər/noun,verbwhenalotofpeoplearekilledviolently,especiallypeoplewhocannotdefendthemselvesmature/mə'tʃuəUS-'tʃur/verb,adjtobecomefullygrownordevelopedmature/mə'tʃuəUS-'tʃur/verb,adjtobecomesensibleandstarttobehavesensiblyandreasonably,likeanadultmechanics/mə'kænɪks/nounthestudyoftheeffectofphysicalforcesonobjectsandtheirmovementmechanism/mɪ'kænɪkəl/nounapartofamachine,orasetofpartsthatworktogether

31mechanism/mɪ'kænɪkəl/nounamethodorasystemforachievingsthmenace/'menɪs/verb,nounIfsomeoneorsomethingmenacesapersonorthing,theythreatenseriouslytoharmitmerciful/'məːsɪfəlUS'məːr-/adjbeingkindtopeopleandforgivingthemratherthanpunishingthemorbeingcruelmetallic/mɪ'tælɪk/adjthatlooks,tastesorsoundslikemetal;madeoforcontainingmetalmetallurgy/mɪ'tælədʒiUS'metələːrdʒi/nounthescientificstudyofmetalsandtheirusesmicroscopic/,maɪkrə'skɔpɪkUS-'skɑː-/adjextremelysmallandthereforeverydifficulttosee;usingamicroscopemicrowave/'maɪkrəweɪv/noun,verbaveryshortelectricwaveusedincookingfoodandsendingmessagesbyradiomint/mɪnt/noun,verbaplacewherecoinsareofficiallymadeormakeacoinmint/mɪnt/nounasmallplantwithgreenleavesthathaveafreshsmellandtasteandareusedincookingmisery/'mɪzəri/noungreatsufferingthatiscausedforexamplebybeingverypoororverysickmisery/'mɪzəri/noungreatunhappinessmistress/'mɪstrɪs/nounthefemaleheadofahouse,especiallyonewhoemployedservantsmistress/'mɪstrɪs/nounawomanthatamanhasasexualrelationshipwith,eventhoughheismarriedtosomeoneelsemob/mɔbUSmɑːb/nounalargeangrycrowd,especiallyonewhichcouldeasilybecomeviolentmob/mɔbUSmɑːb/verbtogatheraroundsomeoneinacrowdtoexpressadmiration,interestorangermodesty/'mɔdɪstiUS'mɑː-/nountheactionofbehavingordressingsothatyoudonotshowyourbodyorattractsexualattentionmodesty/'mɔdɪstiUS'mɑː-/nounwhensomeonetendsnottotalkaboutormakeobvioustheirabilitiesandachievementsmodification/,mɔdɪfɪ'keɪʃənUS,mɑː-/nountheactorprocessofchangingsthinordertoimproveitormakeitmoreacceptable;achangethatismade

32module/'mɔdjuːlUS'mɑːdʒuːl/nounoneofasetofseparatepartswhich,whencombined,formacompletewholemomentary/'məuməntəriUS'moumənteri/adjcontinuingforaveryshorttime,=briefmonster/'mɔnstəUS'mɑːnstər/nounanimaginaryorancientcreaturethatislarge,ugly,andfrighteningmop/mɔpUSmɑːp/verb,nounathingusedforwashingfloors,consistingofalongstickwiththreadsofthickstringorapieceofspongefastenedtooneendmop/mɔpUSmɑːp/verbtowashafloorwithawetmopmorality/mə'rælɪti/nounbeliefsorideasaboutwhatisrightandwrongandabouthowpeopleshouldbehavemotorway/'məutəweɪUS'moutər-/nounBrEaverywideroadfortravellingfastoverlongdistances,especiallybetweencitiesmount/maunt/verbtogetonahorseorbicyclemount/maunt/verbtogoupasteporstairsmount/maunt/verborganizeandbeginsth;toplan,organize,andbeginaneventoracourseofactionmultitude/'mʌltɪtjuːdUS-tuːd/nounanextremelylargenumberofthingsorpeoplenegotiate/nɪ'gəuʃieɪtUS-'gou-/verbtodiscusssomethinginordertoreachanagreement,especiallyinbusinessorpoliticsneighbouring/'neɪbərɪŋ/adjneartheplacewhereyouareortheplaceyouaretalkingabout,=nearbynickname/'nɪkneɪm/noun,verbaninformal,oftenhumorous,nameforapersonthatisconnectedwiththeirrealname,theirpersonalityorappearance,orwithsththeyhavedonenotify/'nəutɪfaɪUS'nou-/verbtoformallyorofficiallytellsomeoneaboutsomething,=informnotion/'nəuʃənUS'nou-/nounanidea,belief,oropinion

33nought/nɔːtUSnɔːt/nounthenumber0orzeroornothingnourishment/'nʌrɪʃməntUS'nəː-,'nʌ-/noun(formalortechnical)foodthatisneededtostayalive,growandstayhealthynovel/'nɔvəlUS'nɑː-/adjnewandoriginal,notlikeanythingseenbeforenovel/'nɔvəlUS'nɑː-/nounalongwrittenstoryinwhichthecharactersandeventsareusuallyimaginarynovelty/'nɔvəltiUS'nɑː-/nnounthequalityofbeingnew,unusual,andinterestingorsomethingnewandunusualnumber/'nʌmbəUS-bər/nounanamountofsomethingthatcanbecountednumber/'nʌmbəUS-bər/nounawordorsignthatrepresentsanamountoraquantitynursery/'nəːsəriUS'nəːr-/noun,adjaplacewhereyoungchildrenandbabiesaretakencareofwhiletheirparentsareatworknursery/'nəːsəriUS'nəːr-/nounaplacewhereplantsandtreesaregrown,especiallyforsalenut/nʌt/nounadrybrownfruitinsideahardshell,thatgrowsonatreenut/nʌt/nounasmallpieceofmetalwithaholethroughthemiddlewhichisscrewedontoabolttofastenthingstogetherobedience/ə'biːdiəns/nounwhensomeonedoeswhattheyaretoldtodo,orwhatalaw,ruleetcsaystheymustdooblige/ə'blaɪdʒ/verbtoforcesomeonetodosomething,ortomakeitnecessaryforsomeonetodosomethingoblige/ə'blaɪdʒ/verbtopleaseorhelpsomeone,especiallybydoingsomethingtheyhaveaskedyoutodoobservation/,ɔbzə'veɪʃənUS,ɑːbzər-/nountheprocessofwatchingsomethingorsomeonecarefullyforaperiodoftimeobservation/,ɔbzə'veɪʃənUS,ɑːbzər-/nounaspokenorwrittenremarkaboutsomethingyouhavenoticedoffence/ə'fens/nounanillegalact;acrimeoffence/ə'fens/nounupsetandhurtfeelingsorfeelingsofannoyance,oftenbecausesomeonehasbeenrudeorshowna

34lackofrespectolive/'ɔlɪvUS'ɑː-/nounasmall,bitter,egg-shapedblackorgreenfruit,usedasfoodandformakingoiloperation/,ɔpə'reɪʃənUS,ɑːp-/nountheprocessofcuttingintosomeone'sbodytorepairorremoveapartthatisdamagedoperation/,ɔpə'reɪʃənUS,ɑːp-/nountheworkoractivitiesdonebyabusinessororganization,ortheprocessofdoingthisworkoptical/'ɔptɪkəlUS'ɑːp-/adjrelatingtomachinesorprocesseswhichareconcernedwithlight,images,orthewayweseethingsoptimism/'ɔptɪmɪzəmUS'ɑːp-/nounatendencytobelievethatgoodthingswillalwayshappenorient/'ɔːrient,'ɔri-US'ɔː-/noun(literary)theeasternpartoftheworld,especiallyChinaandJapanoriginate/ə'rɪdʒɪneɪt/verbtocomefromaparticularplaceorstartinaparticularsituationought/ɔːt/US/ɑːt/verbusedtoshowwhenitisnecessary,desirableoradvantageoustoperformtheactivityreferredtobythefollowingverbought/ɔːt/US/ɑːt/verbusedtoexpresssomethingthatyouexpectwillhappenoutlaw/'autlɔːUS-,lɔː/verbtomakesomethingillegalorunacceptableoutlaw/'autlɔːUS-,lɔː/nounsomeonewhohasdonesomethingillegal,andwhoishidinginordertoavoidpunishment-usedespeciallyaboutcriminalsinthepastoverestimate/,əuvər'estɪmeɪtUS,ou-/verb,nountothinkthatsomethingisorwillbegreater,moreextremeormoreimportantthanitreallyisoverlook/,əuvə'lukUS,ouvər-/verbprovideaviewof,especiallyfromaboveoverlook/,əuvə'lukUS,ouvər-/verbtoforgivesomeone'smistake,badbehaviouretcandtakenoactionoverlook/,əuvə'lukUS,ouvər-/verbtonotnoticesomething,ornotseehowimportantitis,=missoverseas/,əuvə'siːzUS,ouvər-/adv,adjtoorinorfromaforeigncountrythatisacrossthesea

35oxide/'ɔksaɪdUS'ɑːk-/nounasubstancewhichisproducedwhenasubstanceiscombinedwithoxygenPacific/pə'sɪfɪk/adjpeacefulorhelpingtocausepeacepamphlet/'pæmflɪt/nounaverythinbookwithpapercovers,thatgivesinformationaboutsomethingpanel/'pænl/nounaboardorsurfacewhichhascontrolsandotherdevicesonitforoperatinganaircraftorotherlargemachinepanel/'pænl/nounasmallgroupofpeoplechosentogiveadvice,makeadecision,orpubliclydiscusstheiropinionsasentertainmentpantry/'pæntri/nounaverysmallroominahousewherefoodiskept,usedforstoringfood,=larderparachute/'pærəʃuːt/verb,nounapieceofequipmentfastenedtothebackofpeoplewhojumpoutofplanes,whichmakesthemfallslowlyandsafelytothegroundparagraph/'pærəgrɑːfUS-græf/nounpartofapieceofwritingwhichstartsonanewlineandcontainsatleastonesentenceparticipant/pɑː'tɪsɪpəntUSpɑːr-/nounsomeonewhoistakingpartinanactivityoreventpartition/pɑː'tɪʃənUSpər-,pɑːr-/noun,verbdivideacountry,building,orroomintotwoormorepartspartition/pɑː'tɪʃənUSpər-,pɑːr-/nounathinwallthatseparatesonepartofaroomfromanotherpatriot/'pætriət,-triɔt,'peɪ-US'peɪtriət,-triɑːt/nounapersonwholovestheircountryandwhoisreadytodefenditagainstanenemypatrol/pə'trəulUS-'troul/verb,noun(especiallyofsoldiersorthepolice)togoaroundanareaorabuildingtoseeifthereisanytroubleordangerpatron/'peɪtrən/nounformalsomeonewhousesaparticularshop,restaurant,orhotelpatron/'peɪtrən/nounsomeonewhosupportstheactivitiesofanorganization,forexamplebygivingmoneypeacock/'piːkɔkUS-kɑːk/nounalargebird,themaleofwhichhaslongblueandgreentailfeathersthatitcanliftupandspreadout

36pedestrian/pɪ'destriən/nounsomeonewhoiswalking,especiallyalongastreetorotherplaceusedbycarspedlar/'pedləUS-ər/nounBrEsomeonewho,inthepast,walkedfromplacetoplacesellingsmallthings,AmericanEquivalent:peddlerpeel/piːl/verbifskin,paper,orpaintpeels,itcomesoff,usuallyinsmallpiecespeel/piːl/verbtoremovetheskinfromfruitorvegetablespeel/piːl/nountheskinofsomefruitsandvegetables,especiallythethickskinoffruitssuchasoranges,whichyoudonoteatperch/pəːtʃUSpəːrtʃ/verbtositortomakesbsitonsth,especiallyontheedgeofitperch/pəːtʃUSpəːrtʃ/nounabranchorstickwhereabirdsitspersecute/'pəːsɪkjuːtUS'pəːr-/verbtotreatsomeonecruellyorunfairlyoveraperiodoftime,especiallybecauseoftheirreligiousorpoliticalbeliefspersist/pə'sɪstUSpər-/verbtocontinuetodosomething,althoughthisisdifficult,orotherpeopleopposeitpersist/pə'sɪstUSpər-/verbifsomethingbadpersists,itcontinuestoexistorhappenpersistence/pə'sɪstənsUSpər-/noundeterminationtodosomethingeventhoughitisdifficultorotherpeopleopposeitpersistence/pə'sɪstənsUSpər-/nounwhensomethingcontinuestoexistorhappen,especiallyforlongerthanisusualordesirablepersonnel/,pəːsə'nelUS,pəːr-/nounthedepartmentinacompanythatchoosespeopleforjobsanddealswiththeircomplaints,problemsetcpersonnel/,pəːsə'nelUS,pəːr-/nounthepeoplewhoworkinacompany,organization,ormilitaryforcepetition/pɪ'tɪʃən/nounawrittenrequestsignedbyalotofpeople,askingsomeoneinauthoritytodosomethingorchangesomethingpetty/'peti/adjapettyproblem,detailetcissmallandunimportant,=trivialpetty/'peti/adjconcernedwithsmallandunimportantmatters,especiallywhenthisisunkindtootherpeoplepickle/'pɪkəl/nounathickcoldsaucethatismadefrompiecesofvegetablespreservedinvinegar.Itisusuallyeatenwithcoldmeatorcheese

37pineapple/'paɪnæpəl/nounalargeyellow-browntropicalfruitoritssweetjuicyyellowfleshpipe/paɪp/nounamusicalinstrumentintheshapeofatube,playedbyblowingpipe/paɪp/noun,verbatubeinsidewhichliquidorgasflowsfromoneplacetoanotherpiston/'pɪstən/nounapartofanengineconsistingofashortsolidpieceofmetalinsideatube,whichmovesupanddowntomaketheotherpartsoftheenginemovepitch/pɪtʃ/verbtofallorbemovedsuddenlyinaparticulardirectionpitch/pɪtʃ/nounamarkedoutareaofgroundonwhichasportisplayedpitch/pɪtʃ/verbtothrowsomethingwithalotofforce,oftenaimingcarefullyplateau/'plætəuUSplæ'tou/nounalargeareaofflatlandthatishigherthanthelandarounditplateau/'plætəuUSplæ'tou/nounaperiodduringwhichthelevelofsomethingdoesnotchange,especiallyafteraperiodwhenitwasincreasingplead/pliːd/verbtoaskforsomethingthatyouwantverymuch,inasincereandemotionalway,=begplead/pliːd/verbtostateinacourtoflawwhetherornotyouareguiltyofacrimepledge/pledʒ/verb,nountomakeaseriousorformalpromisetogiveordosomethingpluck/plʌk/nounbraveryandastrongdesiretosucceed;couragepluck/plʌk/verbpullsomething,especiallywithasuddenmovement,inordertoremoveitpneumatic/njuː'mætɪkUSnu-/adjworkedbyairpressurepneumatic/njuː'mætɪkUSnu-/adjtechnicalfilledwithairpoke/pəukUSpouk/verbto(causesomethingto)appearorstretchoutfrombehindorthroughsomethingelsepoke/pəukUSpouk/verb,nountopushafingerorotherpointedobjectquicklyintosomeoneorsomethingpolarity/pə'lærɪti/nounformalastateinwhichpeople,opinions,orideasarecompletelydifferentoroppositetoeachother

38polarity/pə'lærɪti/nountechnicalthestateofhavingeitherapositiveornegativeelectricchargepoll/pəulUSpoul/verb,nounaskalotofpeoplethesamequestionsinordertofindoutwhattheythinkaboutasubjectpoll/pəulUSpoul/verbtogetaparticularnumberofvotesinanelectionpolymer/'pɔlɪməUS'pɑːlɪmər/nounachemicalsubstanceconsistingoflargemoleculesmadefrommanysmallerandsimplermoleculespop/pɔpUSpɑːp/verbtocomesuddenlyorunexpectedlyoutoforawayfromsomethingpop/pɔpUSpɑːp/adj,nounpopular,enjoyedbymanypeopleandeasytounderstandpop/pɔpUSpɑːp/nounasuddenshortsoundlikeasmallexplosionpopularity/,pɔpjʊ'lærɪtiUS,pɑː-/nounwhensomethingorsomeoneislikedorsupportedbyalotofpeopleporcelain/'pɔːslɪnUS'pɔːrsəlɪn/nounahardshinywhitesubstancethatisusedformakingexpensiveplates,cupsetcpore/pɔːUSpɔːr/nounoneofthesmallholesinyourskinthatliquid,especiallysweat,canpassthrough,orasimilarholeinthesurfaceofaplantpose/pəuzUSpouz/verb,nountomoveintoandstayinaparticularposition,inordertobephotographed,painted,etcpose/pəuzUSpouz/verbtoexistinawaythatmaycauseaproblem,danger,difficultyetcposition/pə'zɪʃən/nountheplacewheresomethingorsomeoneis,ofteninrelationtootherthingsposition/pə'zɪʃən/nounarankorlevelinacompany,competitionorsocietypracticable/'præktɪkəbəl/adjabletobedoneorputintoactionpreach/priːtʃ/verbtogivesbadviceonmorals,behaviour,etc.,especiallyinawaythattheyfindannoyingorboringpreach/priːtʃ/verbtogiveareligioustalkinapublicplace,especiallyinachurchduringaservicepredominant/prɪ'dɔmɪnəntUS-'dɑː-/adjmorepowerful,morecommon,ormoreeasilynoticedthanothers

39pregnant/'pregnənt/nounifawomanorfemaleanimalispregnant,shehasanunbornbabygrowinginsideherbodypregnant/'pregnənt/adjfilledwithmeaningorimportancewhichhasnotyetbeenexpressedorunderstoodprejudice/'predʒʊdɪs/noun,verbanunfairandunreasonableopinionorfeeling,especiallywhenformedwithoutenoughthoughtorknowledgepreside/prɪ'zaɪd/verbtobeinchargeofaformalevent,organization,ceremonyetcpress/pres/nounabusinesswhichprintsandproducesbooksandsimilaritemspress/pres/verb,nountopushabutton,switchetctomakeamachinestart,abellringetcpressure/'preʃəUS-ər/nounawayofworkingthatcausesyouanxiety,especiallytoomanythingstodopressure/'preʃəUS-ər/nountheforceorweightthatisbeingputontosomethingprestige/pre'stiːʒ/nounrespectandadmirationgiventosomeoneorsomething,usuallybecauseofareputationforhighquality,successorsocialinfluenceprincipally/'prɪnsɪpli/advmainly;forthemostpartproducer/prə'djuːsəUS-'duːsər/nounaperson,company,orcountrythatmakesorgrowsgoods,foods,ormaterialsproducer/prə'djuːsəUS-'duːsər/nounsomeonewhosejobistocontrolthepreparationofaplay,film,orbroadcast,butwhodoesnotdirecttheactorsproficient/prə'fɪʃənt/adjabletodosomethingwellorskilfullyprofitable/'prɔfɪtəbəlUS'prɑː-/adjproducingaprofitorausefulresultprohibition/,prəuhɪ'bɪʃənUS,prou-/nountheactofsayingthatsomethingisillegal;anorderstoppingsomethingpropel/prə'pel/verbtopushormovesomethingsomewhere,oftenwithalotofforceprophecy/'prɔfɪsiUS'prɑː-/nounastatementthatsomethingwillhappeninthefuture,especiallyonemadebysomeonewithreligiousormagicpowersproton/'prəutɔnUS'proutɑːn/nounaverysmallpieceofmatterwithapositiveelectricalchargethatisinthecentralpartofanatom

40prototype/'prəutətaɪpUS'prou-/nounthefirstdesignofsthfromwhichotherformsarecopiedordevelopedprovince/'prɔvɪnsUS'prɑː-/nounanareawhichisgovernedaspartofacountryoranempireprovince/'prɔvɪnsUS'prɑː-/nounasubjectoractivityofspecialinterest,knowledgeorresponsibilityprovoke/prə'vəukUS-'vouk/verbtocauseareactionorfeeling,especiallyasuddenoneprovoke/prə'vəukUS-'vouk/verbtomakesomeoneangry,especiallydeliberatelypsychology/saɪ'kɔlədʒiUS-'kɑː-/nounthescientificstudyofthemindandhowitinfluencesbehaviourpumpkin/'pʌmpkɪn/nounaverylargeorangefruitthatgrowsontheground,ortheinsideofthisfruitpuppy/'pʌpi/nounayoungdogqualitative/'kwɔlɪtətɪvUS'kwɑːlɪteɪ-/adjrelatingtothequalityorstandardofsomethingratherthanthequantityquantitative/'kwɔntɪtətɪvUS'kwɑːntɪteɪ-/adjrelatingtoamountsratherthantothequalityorstandardofsomethingquartz/kwɔːtsUSkwɔːrts/nounahardmineralsubstancethatisusedinmakingelectronicwatchesandclocksquest/kwest/nounalongsearchforsomethingthatisdifficulttofind,oranattempttoachievesomethingdifficultquiver/'kwɪvəUS-ər/verbtoshakeslightlybecauseyouarecold,orbecauseyoufeelveryafraid,angry,excitedetc,=tremble