DB43∕T 2003-2021 番茄避雨栽培技术规程(湖南省)

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ICS67.080.20CCSB31DB43湖南省地方标准DB43/T2003—2021番茄避雨栽培技术规程Technicalspecificationsonrainproofcultivationoftomato2021-02-20发布2021-05-20实施湖南省市场监督管理局发布

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2DB43/T2003—2021目次前言························································································································Ⅲ1范围·····················································································································12规范性引用文件······································································································13术语和定义············································································································14避雨设施···············································································································15定植前准备············································································································26田间管理···············································································································27采收·····················································································································38田园清洁···············································································································39档案管理···············································································································3附录A（资料性）番茄主要病虫害防治方法····································································4附录B（资料性）生产档案·························································································5I

3DB43/T2003—2021II

4DB43/T2003—2021前言本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020给出的规则起草。本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利，本文件的发布机构不承担识别这些专利的责任。本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。本文件起草单位：湖南省蔬菜研究所、湖南省植物保护研究所。本文件主要起草人：张战泓、白占兵、欧阳娴、张卓、苏品、罗香文、史晓斌、郑冰、李兴华、陈绍祥、周雪平。III

5DB43/T2003—2021IV

6DB43/T2003—2021番茄避雨栽培技术规程1范围本文件规定了番茄避雨栽培的术语和定义、避雨设施、定植前准备、田间管理、采收、田园清洁和档案管理的基本要求。本文件适用于湖南省番茄避雨栽培。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。GB/T8321农药合理使用准则(现行部分)NY/T1276农药安全使用规范总则DB43/T952番茄嫁接技术规程DB43/T1364番茄露地生产技术规程3术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1番茄避雨栽培rainproofcultivationoftomato以避雨为目的将薄膜覆盖在番茄顶部上的一种方法,是设施栽培中较简单、实用的方法。4避雨设施4.1避雨设施种类4.1.1钢架设施立柱采用直径为50mm的镀锌方形钢管，立柱出土面高度2.5m，肩高2m，立柱前后间距10m左右。横杆采用32mm的镀锌圆钢管，拱杆采用25mm的镀锌圆钢管。整个结构全部采用扣件和紧固件组装。4.1.2竹架设施立柱采用横茎8cm～10cm大楠竹支撑，立柱距地面高度2.5m，肩高2m，立柱前后间距1.5m～1.6m；横杆采用横茎3cm的竹竿，用竹片弯成拱形作拱杆。4.2避雨设施搭建1

7DB43/T2003—204.2.121搭建时间和搭建要求避雨设施在果实膨大前必须搭建完成，越早越好，达到垅面正上方先搭建拱型设施，再加盖塑料膜。4.2.2覆盖膜的选择选择透光性能好的覆盖材料，起到透光避雨的作用即可。4.2.3避雨、不遮光、排水方便三个目的。一般在避雨膜覆盖时间一般从番茄开花结第气情况，可选择不同时间上膜覆盖。雨水较多的年份，最好是全生育期覆盖；风调雨顺的年份，于开花期或开始坐果时覆盖；如遇干旱年份，在果实大小定型，且开始转色时进行覆膜。在生长期中，如遇连1穗果后开始覆膜到番茄采收完揭膜。为了充分利用有利的气候条件，根据天续晴天或多云天气为主时可临时揭膜，使植株光照充足，有利于养分响。4.2.4避雨覆盖的方法采用高端每隔80cm1m～120cm用压膜绳扎住，防大风损坏，在有些地方为节省成本采用竹杆或竹片代替弯形架。4.2.5，宽积累和花芽分化，同时减轻高温影避雨钢架设施搭建模型1m的拱形架覆膜，薄膜边缘要用铗子固定钢架上。薄膜扎好后，在上

8DB43/T2003—20217采收6月上旬月开始采收。远距离运输应适当早采，就地销售可以适当晚采。8田园清洁采果结束后，地膜、滴灌带、残株等带出田间，进行无害化处理。9档案管理生产档案管理表参见附录B。档案保管不少于两年，做到防虫、防潮、防霉。3

9DB43/T2003—2021附录A（资料性）番茄主要病虫害防治方法病害发病时间防治方法预防：200倍的代森锰锌，300倍百菌清一个星期一次，连续3次；发病后用400倍的晚疫病3月下旬－4月普力克霜霉威盐酸盐，300倍的烯酰吗啉加展着剂，一般一个星期一次，3次～5次即可。预防：青枯立克小蘖碱50ml兑水15公斤，进行灌根，7天～10天灌1次，连灌2次～3次。发病中前期：青枯立克小蘖碱50ml兑水30斤，进行灌根，7天灌1次，连灌2次～枯萎病5月中下旬-7月初3次。若病原菌同时为害地上部分，应在根部灌药的同时，地上部分同时进行喷雾，每7天用药1次，喷雾时，每30斤水可加青枯立克小蘖碱50ml+沃丰素25ml。①灌根：发病前用1∶1∶200﹙硫酸铜∶生石灰∶水﹚波尔多液灌根，每株0.3kg～0.5kg，发病后用1∶0.4∶1∶200﹙硫酸铜∶尿素∶生石灰∶水﹚波尔多液素﹙配制方法：用20％的水融化生石灰，用80％的水融化硫酸铜和尿素，然后将在一起融青枯病5月-6月初化的硫酸铜和尿素溶液慢慢倒入不停搅动的石灰水中﹚灌根，每株0.5kg～1kg,7天～10天一遍，连灌2遍～3遍。②喷雾：发病初及时用20％叶枯唑可湿性粉剂400倍～500倍或99％恶霉灵可湿性粉剂3000倍＋爱多收4000倍液＋红糖200倍液＋尿素800倍液＋磷酸二氢钾800倍液交替喷雾，5天～10天一次，连喷2次～3次。预防期：可以用30ml霉止兑水15公斤进行喷雾，使其发病率降低。发病期：可以用叶霉病4月-6月初50ml霉止加15ml大蒜油兑水15公斤进行喷雾，及早的控制病情。蚜虫5月中旬以后25％噻虫嗪可湿性粉剂2500倍～3000倍液灌根或喷雾。烟粉虱5月中旬以后25％噻虫嗪可湿性粉剂2500倍～3000倍液灌根或喷雾。4

10DB43/T2003—2021附录B（资料性）生产档案品种名称生产单位生产日期购买人日期管理活动（生产、农药使用、施肥、浇水等）操作员签字5