8youwillhearasignalindicatingthebeginningofapause.Duringthepauseyoumustwritedownthemissingwordsyouhavejustheardinthecorrespondingspaceonthewebpage.Thereisalsoadifferentsignalindicatingtheendofthepause.Whenyouhearthesignalyoumustgetreadyforwhatcomesnextfromtherecording.Youcancheckwhatyouhavewrittenwhenthepassagereadtoyouonceagainwithoutthepauses.[题数：11;分数：11分;参考时间:8分54秒]••田Passagel■ForAmericans,timeismoney.Theysay,“Youonlygetsomuchtimeinthislife;you*dbetteruseitwisely.wThe[19]I,仇廿。【参考答案：fy^yre学生得分：0.9查看得分明细】willnotbebetterthanthepastorpresent,asAmericansare[20]I"侬【参考答案：trained学生得分：0.9查看得分明细】toseethings,unlesspeopleusetheirtimeforconstructiveactivities.Thus,Americans[21]I.mire【参考答案：admire学生得分：0.9查看得分明细】a“well-organized“person,onewhohasawrittenlistofthingstodoandIschedulea[22]I[参考答案:schedule学生得分:0.9查看得分明细】fordoingr、Iconsiderate■公通小gthem.Theidealpersonispunctualandis[23]I【参•考答案：
9considerate学生得分:0.8查看得分明细】ofotherpeople*stime.Theydonot[24]1waste【参考答案：waste学生得分：0.8查看得分明细】people's.1visible.q生长生timewithconversationorotheractivitythathasno[25]I【参考'答案：visible学生得分：0.8查看得分明细】beneficialoutcome.TheAmericanattitudetowardtimeisnot[26]1【参考答案：necessarily学生得分：0.9查看得分明细】sharedbyothers,especiallynon-Europeans.Theyaremorelikelytoregardtimeas[27]【参考答案：somethingthatissimplytherearoundthem,notsomethingtheycanuse学生得分:0.0查看得分明细】.OneofthemoredifficultthingsmanystudentsmustadjusttointheStatesisthenotionthattimemustbesavedwheneverpossibleandusedwiselyeveryday.Inthiscontext[28][参考答案：thefastfoodindustrycanbeseenasaclearexampleofAmericanculturalproduct学生得分：0.0查看得分明细】.McDonald*s,KFC,andotherfastfoodestablishmentsaresuccessfulinacountrywheremanypeoplewanttospendtheleastamountoftimepreparingandeatingmeals.AsMcDonald*srestaurants[29]【参考答案：spreadaroundtheworld,theyhavebeenviewedassymbolsofAmericansocietyandculture学生得分：0.0查看得分明细】，bringingnotjusthamburgersbutanemphasisonspeed,efficiency,andshinycleanliness.听长对话Directi0/75;Inthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.[题数:7;分数：7分；参考时间：5分37秒]”Sectionl
10.V30.•J[A]Tomakeabusinessreporttothewoman.FT1「J[B]Tobeinterviewedforajobinthewoman*scompany.[C]Toresignfromhispositioninthewoman1scompany.n「、J[D]Toexchangestockmarketinformationwiththewoman.【参考答案】：B【学生得分】:1.0V31.•[A]Heisheadofasmal1tradingcompany.n「、J[B]Heworksinaninternationalinsurancecompany.J[C]Heleadsateamofbrokersinabigcompany.
11i[D]Heisapublicrelationsofficerinasmallcompany.【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：1.0V32.•[A]ThewomanthinksMr.Saundersisaskingformorethantheycanoffer.[B]Mr.Saunderswillshareonethirdofthewoman*sresponsibilities.[C]Mr.Saundersbelievesthathedeservesmorepaidvacations.ThewomanseemstobesatisfiedwithMr.Saunders*pastexperience.【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：1.0Section2[A]She'sworriedabouttheseminar.[B]Themankeepsinterruptingher.[C]Shefindsittoohard.[D]Shelacksinterestinit.【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：1.0V34.dl[A]Thelecturersareboring.J[B]Thecourseispoorlydesigned.
12P]一J[C]SheprefersPhilosophytoEnglish.[D]Sheenjoys1iteraturemore.【参考答案】：C【学生得分】:1.0V35.•°[A]Karen*sfriend.FTJ[B]Karen*sparents.[C]Karen*slecturers.J[D]Karenherself.【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：1.0X36.。FTr_J[A]Changinghermajor.已i[B]Spendinglessofherparents*money.LJ[C]GettingtransferredtotheEnglishDepartment.[D]Leavingtheuniversity.【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.0阅读理解Directionsthissectiontherearesomepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished
13statementswithfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).Youaresupposedtoreadthepassageandmakethebestchoicetocompleteeachquestionorunfinishedstatement.Thentypetheanswerintheblankonthewebpage.[题数：10;分数：20分；参考时间:20分。秒]••Passage1Communicationstechnologiesarefarfromequalwhenitcomestoconveyingthetruth.ThefirststudytocomparehonestyacrossarangeofcommunicationsmediahasfoundthatpeoplearetwiceaslikelytotellliesinphoneconversationsastheyareinemaiIs.Thefactthatemailsareautomaticallyrecorded-andcancomebacktohaunt(困扰)you-appearstobethekeytothefinding.JeffHancockofCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork,asked30studentstokeepacommunicationsdiaryforaweek.Inittheynotedthenumberofconversationsoremailexchangestheyhadlastingmorethan10minutes,andconfessedtohowmanyliestheytold.Hancockthenworkedoutthenumberofliesperconversationforeachmedium.Hefoundthatliesmadeup14percentofemails,21percentofinstantmessages,27percentofface-to-faceinteractionsandanastonishing37percentofphonecalls.Hisresults,tobepresentedattheconferenceonhuman-computerinteractioninVienna,Austria,inApril,havesurprisedpsychologists.Someexpectedemailerstobethebiggestliars,reasoningthatbecausedeceptionmakespeopleuncomfortable,thedetachment(非直接接触)ofemailingwou1dmakeiteasiertolie.Othersexpectedpeopletoliemoreinface-to-faceexchangesbecausewearemostpractisedatthatformofcommunication.ButHancocksaysitisalsocrucialwhetheraconversationisbeingrecordedandV37.Hancock*sstudyfocuseson.J[A]theconsequencesoflyinginvariouscommunicationsmediaLrrJ[BJthesuccessofcommunicationstechnologiesinconveyingideasJ[C]peoplespreferencesinselectingcommunicationstechnologiesJ[I）」people,shonestylevelsacrossarangeofcommunicationsmedia【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.0【题目解析】：答案可在第1段第2句中找到。这句话意为：比较在使用多种交流媒介时诚实程度的第一项研究发现.人们在电话中说谎的可能性是在电子邮件中的两倍。这里提到的研究就是Hancock的研究。故选项D（在多种交流媒介中人们的诚实程度）是答案。V38.Hancock'sresearchfindingsurprisedthosewhobelievedthat.J[A]peoplearelesslikelytolieininstantmessagesLr-iJ[B]peopleareunlikelytolieinface-to-faceinteractions
14couldbereread,andwhetheritoccursinrealtime.Peopleappeartobeafraidtoliewhentheyknowthecommunicationcouldlaterbeusedtoholdthemtoaccount,hesays.Thisiswhyfewerliesappearinemailthanonthephone.Peoplearealsomorelikelytolieinrealtime-inaninstantmessageorphonecall,say-thaniftheyhavetimetothinkofaresponse,saysHancock.Hefoundmanyliesarespontaneous（脱□而出的）responsestoanunexpecteddemand,suchas:*Doyoulikemydress?*Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemai1.O[C]peoplearemostlikelytolieinemailcommunicationnrrJ[D]peoplearetwiceaslikelytolieinphoneconversations【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：2.0【题目解析】：答案可在第3段第1、2句中找到。这两句的大意是：他的研究使心理学家大吃一惊。有的人原以为人们写电子邮件时最容易撒谎，他们推断说，欺骗使人不舒服，电子邮件因不需要直接接触会使撒谎变得容易•些。故选项C（人们在电子邮件交流中最可能撒谎）是答案。V39.Accordingtothepassage,whyarepeoplemorelikelytotel1thetruththroughcertainmediaofcommunication?[A]Theyareafraidofleavingbehindtracesoftheirlies.J[B]Theybelievethathonestyisthebestpolicy.J[C]Theytendtoberelaxedwhenusingthosemedia.LrrJ[D]Theyaremostpractisedatthoseformsofcommunication.【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.0【题目解析】：答案可在第4段第2、3句中找到。这两句意为：如果知道交流的内容事后能被用来要求他们解释，人们似乎就害怕撒谎。这就是为什么电子邮件中的谎言比电话中少的原因。选项A（他们害怕留下撒谎的痕迹）正确。V40.AccordingtoHancock,thetelephoneisapreferablemediumforpromotingsalesbecause
15J[A]salesmencantalkdirectlytotheircustomersrr[BJsalesmenmayfeelIessrestrainedtoexaggerateLrJ[C]salesmencanimpresscustomersasbeingtrustworthyLriJ[DJsalesmenmaypassoninstantmessageseffectively【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.0【题目解析】：答案在第6段第2句。该句意为：电话可能是销售的最好媒介。因为打电话时雇员可以夸大事实。可见，选项B（在夸大事实时推销员会感到受限制较少）是答案。V41.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatniJ[A]honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsJ[Bjmoreemployerswi11useemaiIstocommunicatewiththeiremployeesFTJ[C]suitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesLriJ[D]emailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：2.0【题目解析】：答案在第6段。这段的最后两句举了两个例子：推销最好用电话这个媒
16介.以诚实为重的工作评估最好用电子邮件。由此可见，选项C（针对不同的交流H的,应选择恰当的媒介）为正确选择。3±]Passage2feel[B]Offended.[D]Discouraged.Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?InthewakeoftheSept.11attacksthesequestionshaveneverseemedmorepressing.OnDec.11,2001,aspartoftheefforttoincreasehomelandsecurity,federalandlocalauthoritiesin14statesstaged"OperationSafeTravel*一raidsonairportstoarrestemployeeswithfalseidentification（身份证明）.InSaltLakeCitytherewere69arrests.Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers'illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmail（讹诈）byterrorists.ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.MayorAndersonsaidthosefeelingswerejustifiedtoacertainextent."We'resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we,regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit,sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou'redisposable.Therearewholefamiliesbeinguprootedforallofthewrongreasons,“Andersonsaid.IfSept.11hadneverhappened,theairportworkerswouldnothavebeenarrestedandcouldhavegoneonquietlylivinginAmerica,probablyindefinitely.AnaCastro,amanagerataBen&Jerry*sicecreamshopattheairport,hadbeenworking10yearswiththesameX42.Accordingtotheauthor,theUnitedStatesclaimstobeanation.J[A]composedofpeoplehavingdifferentvaluesLrrJ[BJencouragingindividualpursuitsLrrJ[C]sharingcommoninterestsLr-J[D]foundedonsharedideals【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.0【题目解析】：答案可从第1段第1句推出，该句意为：在一个不以共同血缘而以理想为纽带的国家中，谁应该被允许入境，在这里工作、生活?可推知选项D（建立在共同理想之上）为正确选择。这里define意为“为……的特性，是……的特色X43.HowdidtheimmigrantsinSaltLakeCityabout*OperationSafeTravel*?—Guilty.Disappointed.【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.0
17falseSocialSecuritycardwhenshewasarrestedintheDecemberairportraid.Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation（驱逐出境）.Castro,scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry*s.【题目解析】：答案在第3段，该段大意为：盐湖城的许多移民对这些逮捕事件感到愤怒.说他们感到自己仿佛遭到了处理商品一样的待遇。解本题的关键是知道offended和angered是同义词。X44.Undocumentedworkersbecamethetargetof“OperationSafeTravel*because.J[A]evidencewasfoundthattheywerepotentialterroristsLr-iJ[B]mostofthemworkedatairportsunderthreatofterroristattacksLriJ[C]terroristsmighttakeadvantageoftheirillegalstatusLr-iJ[D]theywerereportedlyhelpinghideterroristsaroundtheairport【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：0.0【题目解析】：答案在第2段最后一句，该句意为：当局说，没有证件的工人身份不合法，容易受到恐怖分子的讹诈。选项C（恐怖分F可能会利用他们的非法身份）完全符合这句话的意思。X45.Bysaying"...we*regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare”（Line2,Para.4）,MayorAndersonmeans.J[A]wewillturnablindeyetoyourillegalstatusLriJ[B]wewillexaminethelawsinadifferentway[C]thereareotherwaysofenforcingthelaw
18[D]theexistinglawsmustnotbeignored【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：0.0【题目解析】：本题极难，难度超过往年考过的语义题。唯一的提示是第四段开头一句：Anderson市长说这些感觉在某种程度上是有道理的。据此可以认为市长是同情这些移民的遭遇的。然后援引市长原话：“有事实法律的其他方法”,也就是说还可以有变通的方法。A项“我们将对你们非法身份熟视无睹“，市长尽管抱有同情态度，但这样说显然过了。B项“我们将以•种不同方法审视法律”，文章讲述的不是法律审视层面，而是法律的实施层面。D项“现有法律不得被忽视”,也就是说完全照章办事，显然和市长的原意不吻合。所以A,B,D三项都不是恰当的选择。X46.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?LrJ[A]Shewillbedeportedsoonerorlater.LrJ[B]Sheisallowedtostaypermanently.Lr-iJ[C]Hercasehasbeendropped.LrJ[D]Herfateremainsuncertain.【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.0【题目解析】：答案在文章最后三句，这三句话的大意为：目前，她及家人生活在被驱逐出境的威胁中。Castro一案目前正等待解决。在等待结果期间，政府给予了她工作许可。她已经回到Bcn&Jerry，s冷饮店工作。由此可推断选项D（她的命运仍然未定）正确。快速阅读
19minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.［题数：10;分数：10分；参考时间：15分0秒］”国Passage1HighwaysV47.Nationalstandardsforpavedroadswereinplaceby1921.Earlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetsandroadsintheU.S.weremadeofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks.BuiltUNGforhorse,carriage,andfoottraffic,theywereusuallypoor1ycaredforandtoo【参考答案】：N【学生得分】:1.0【题目解析】：与第二段...andby1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads....Beyondthat,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,narrowtoaccommodate（容纳）automobiles.Withtheweightrestrictions,orcommercialsigns.相悖。V48.GeneralEisenhowerfeltthatthebroadGermanmotorwaysmademoresensethanthetwo-lanehighwaysofAmerica.increaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike（收费公路）companiesunderlocal□ne赃authoritiesbegantospringup,andby1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads.Manywerebuiltusingspecificationsof19thcenturyScottishengineersThomasTelfordandJohnMacAdam（forwhom【参考答案】：Y【学生得分】：L0【题目解析】：见第二段最后："Theoldconvoyhadstartedmethinkingaboutgood,twolanehighways»butGermany'sAutobahnormotorwayhadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrossthe1and.”V49.Itwasinthe1950sthattheAmericangovernmentfinallytookactiontobuildanationalhighwaysystem.EYCN
20themacadamsurfaceisnamed）,□NGwhose【参考答案】：Yspecifications【学生得分】：1.0stressedthe【题目解析】：见第四段开头：Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallyimportanceof1aunchcdin1956....adequatedrainage.BeyondV50.Manyoftheproblemspresentedbythecountry*sgeographicalthat,therewerefeaturesfoundsolutionsininnovativeengineeringprojects._nonationalstandardsforLYsize,weightrestrictions,orCNcommercialsigns.DuringWorldWarCNGI,roadsthroughoutthe【参考答案】：丫countrywere【学生得分】：1.0nearlydestroyed【题目解析】：见第四段中间・・・・hundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsbytheweightofandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemanygeographictrucks.Whenfeaturesofthecountry....Urbanareaswereanotherproblem.InnovativeGeneraldesignsof...soonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry....EisenhowerV51.Inspiteofsafetyconsiderations,thedeathrateoninterstatereturnedfromhighwaysisstillhigherthanthatofotherAmericanroads._Germanyin1919,afterservingin口YtheU.S.Army'sfirstEntranscontinentalmotorconvoy（车队），henoted:□NG“Theoldconvoy【参考答案】：Nhadstartedme【学生得分】：1.0thinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,but【题目解析】：.ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.S.roads相悖。Germany,sV52.TheinterstatehighwayssystemprovidesaccessbetweenmajorAutobahnormilitaryinstallationsinAmerica.motorwayhadmadeCvmeseethewisdomjYofbroaderribbonsLacrosstheland.”-NItwouldtake
21anotherwarbeforethefederal口NGgovernmentwould【参考答案】：NGactonanational【学生得分】：1.0highwaysystem.DuringWor1dWar【题目解析】：第七段提至ljhighways...providedpeoplewith...accesstoII,atremendousculturalprograms»healthcare,andotherbenefits,但.没有提到“providesincreaseintrucksaccessbetweenmajormilitaryinstallationsinAmerica**.andnewroadswereJ53.Servicestations,motelsandrestaurantspromotedthedevelopmentrequired.Thewar°，theinterstatehighwaysystem.demonstratedhow-criticalhighwaysweretothedefenseeffort.Thirteenpercentofdefenseplantsreceivedalltheirsuppliesbytruck,andalmostallotherplantsshippedmorethanhalfoftheirproductsbyvehicle.Thewar」YEN口\G【参考答案】：N【学生得分】：1.0(题目解析】：第八段提到…it(thehighwaysystem)hasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations*motels,restaurants»andshoppingcenters.恰好和本题的因果关系相反。54.Thegreatestbenefitsbroughtaboutbytheinterstatesystemalsorevealedthat1personalWA(：1freedomofmobi1itylocalcontrolofhighwayshadledtoaconfusingvarietyofdesignstandards.Evenfederalandstatehighwaysdidnotfollowbasic（参考答案］：personalfreedomofmobility【学生得分】：0.9查看得分明细【题目解析】：短文第七，八两段谈到美国州际公路带来的诸多益处，第七段最后旬的Aboveall,相当于题干的thegreatesto55.Trucksusingtheinterstatehighwaysdelivermorethan175percentofthenationtsfreightdeliveriesstatesallowedtrucksupto36,000pounds,whi1eothersrestrictedanythingover［参考答案］：75percentofthenation'sfreight【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题口解析】：见第八段第一句。56.TheinterstatesystemwasrenamedafterEisenhowerinrecognition7,000pounds.A1hisvisionof1iandleadershipgovernmentstudyrecommendeda【参考答案】：hisvisionandleadership
22nationa1highwaysystemof33,920miles,andCongresssoonpassedtheFederal-AidHighwayActof1944,whichcalled【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题目解析】：见第九段第二句。forstrict,centrallycontrolleddesigncriteria.Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeenhailedasoneofthegreatestengineeringpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.Tobuildits44,000-milewebofhighways,bridges,andtunnels,hundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemanygeographicfeaturesofthecountry:mountains,steepgrades,wetland,rivers,desertsandplains.Variablesincludedtheslopeoftheland,the
23abi1ityofthepavementtosupporttheload,theintensityofroaduse,andthenatureoftheunderlyingsoil.Urbanareaswereanotherproblem.Innovativedesignsofroadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,andinterchangesthatcouldrunthroughorbypassurbanareassoonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerica.Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayedbridgessuchasHaleBoggsinLouisianaandtheSunshineSkywayinFlorida,andremarkabletunnelslikeFortMcHenryinMarylandandMt.BakerinWashington,metmanyofthenation,sphysicalchailenges.Trafficcontrolsystemsandmethodsofconstructiondevelopedundertheinterstateprogramsooninfluencedhighwayconstructionaroundtheworld,andwereinvaluableinimprovingthe
24conditionofurbanstreetsandtrafficpatterns.TodaytheinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityintheU.S.,andtheU.S.withCanadaandMexico.Builtwithsafetyinmind,thehighwayshavewidelanesandshoulders,dividingmediansorbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,curvesengineeredforsafeturns,and1imitedaccess.ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.S.roads(0.86deathsper100miIlionpassengermilescomparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads).ByopeningtheNorthAmericancontinent,highwayshaveenabledconsumergoodsandservicestoreachpeopleinremoteandruralareasofthecountry,spurredthegrowthofsuburbs,andprovidedpeoplewithgreateroptionsintermsofjobs,accesstoculturalprograms,healthcare,andother
25benefits.Aboveall,theinterstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheycherishmost,personalfreedomofmobility.Theinterstatesystemhasbeenanessentialelementofthenation,seconomicgrowthintermsofshippingandjobcreation:morethan75percentofthenation,sfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck;andmostproductsthatarrivebyrai1orairuse
26interstatesforthelastlegofthejourneybyvehicle.NotonlyhasthehighwaysystemaffectedtheAmericaneconomybyprovidingshippingroutes,ithasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,andshoppingcenters.IthasallowedtherelocationofmanufacturingplantsandotherindustriesfromurbanareastoruralBytheendofthecenturytherewasanimmensenetworkofpavedroads,residentialstreets,expressways,andfreewaysbuilttosupportmi11ionsofvehicles.ThehighwaysystemwasofficiallyrenamedforEisenhowertohonorhisvisionandleadership.Theyearconstructionbeganhesaid:“Together,theunitedforcesofourcommunicationandtransportationsystemsaredynamicelementsintheverynamewebear-UnitedStates.Withoutthem,wewouldbeamereallianceofmanyseparateparts.”选词填空DirectionszTherearesomeblanksinthefollowingpassagetakenfromcertaintextbooksandreadingmaterials.Fi11intheblankswithsuitablewordsfromthelistgivenbe1ow.Changetheformsofthewordswherenecessary.Pleasetypeyouranswersonthewebpage.［题数：10;分数：10分;参考时间：10分0秒］••S3Passage1A)estimateB)strengthC)deliberatelyD)notifyE)tropicalF)phenomenonG)stableH)attractionI)completelyJ)destructiveK)starvationL)bringingM)exhaustionN)worth0)strikeElNinoisthenamegiventothemysteriousandoftenunpredictablechangeintheclimateoftheworld.Thisstrange[57]I【4参考答案：F]happenseveryfivetoeightyears.ItstartsinthePacificOceanandisthoughttobecausedbyafailureinthetradewinds（信风），whichaffectstheoceancurrentsdrivenbythesewinds.Asthetradewindslessenin[58]I【〈参考答案：B],theoceantemperaturesrise,causingthePerucurrentflowinginfromtheeasttowarmupbyasmuchas5'C.
27Thewarmingoftheoceanhasfar-reachingeffects.Thehot,humid（潮湿的）airoverthe|Eoceancausessevere[59]I参考答案：E]thunderstorms.TherainfallisincreasedacrossSouthAmerica,[60]I>N参考答案：L1floodstoPeru.IntheWestPacific,therearedroughtsaffectingAustraliaandIndonesia.Sowhilesomepartsoftheworldprepareforheavyrainsandfloods,otherpartsfacedrought,poorcropsand[61]I*【4参考答案：K].ElNinousuallylastsforabout18months.The1982-83ElNinobroughtthemost[62]IJ【〈参考答案：J】weatherinmodernhistory.Itseffectwasworldwideanditleftmorethan2,000peopledeadandcausedovereightbillionpounds[63]I【〈参考答案：N]ofdamage.The1990ElNinolasteduntilJune1995.Scientists[64]I〃【〈参考答案：A]thistobethelongestElNinofor2,000years.Nowadays,weatherexpertsareabletoforecastwhenanElNinowill[65]【4参考答案：O]，buttheyarestillIjnot[66]I[〈参考答案：I】surewhatleadstoitorwhataffectshowstrongitwillbe.【题H解析】：Fo由句子结构可知，空格处需要•单数名词来充当句子的主语。根据指示代词this可知，所需名词表示的应是前面提到的内容，即厄尔尼诺。由第一句话可知，厄尔尼诺是一种自然现象，故答案为phenomenon（现象）。B。由空格所在位置可知，所需词为名词，用以表示信风的一种特征，只有strength（力量，强度）符合这一要求。本句意为：由于信风力量减弱，海水温度上升，使得东部流过来的秘鲁洋流的温度上升达5摄氏度之多。Eo由空格所在位置可知，此处需要一形容词，进一步修饰thunderstorms。空格前的severe已经说明了这些暴雨很猛烈。因此不能再选与之意义相反的stable（稳定的）。而destructive与severe意思相近。用在此处就会意义重复。故只能选tropical（热带的），说明暴雨的性质。L。由句子结构可知，空格处需要-现在分词，与其后内容构成分词短语，表示结果。只有bringing符合要求。本句意为：整个南美洲的降雨增多，导致秘鲁的水灾。K。由句意可知.世界上有些地区在预防暴雨和洪水，而有些地区却面临着干旱、收成不
28好等问题。空格处所需词为名词，用来表示干旱地区人们面临的另一困难。干旱和收成不好的直接结果就是粮食不足，人们忍饥挨饿。故starvation（饥饿，挨饿）为答案。J。由空格所在位置可知，这里需耍一形容词，说明天气怎么样。由下文中提到的…2,000peopledeadandcausedovereightbillionpounds...damage可知.当时的天气破坏力很大，故destructive为答案。N»句意：其（1982至1983年间的厄尔尼诺现象）影响范围很广，导致2000余人死亡，损失达八十多亿英镑。选项中能用来表示损失价值的只有worth（价值……的东西）。A。根据句子结构，空格处需要一及物动词，充当句子的谓语。选项中共有三个动词：estimate（估计）、notify（通知）、strike（打，击，袭击）。只有estimate符合要求。notify后只能接表示人的名词或代词.表示通知的对象。strike与文意不符。本句意为：科学家估计这是2000年来厄尔尼诺现象持续时间最长的一次。O。由句子结构可知，空格处需要•不及物动词，与助动词will一起构成宾语从句whenanElNino…的谓语部分，说明厄尔尼诺现象怎么样。只有strike（侵袭，爆发）符合要求。Io由空格前的系动词are及其后面的形容词sure可知，此处需要一副词来表示程度，只有completely符合耍求.说明气象专家对于厄尔尼诺现象的起因和影响其强度的因素不能完全确定。完形填空Directions:1。thissection,youwillreadapassagewithsomeblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouIdchoosetheONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thentypethecorrespondingletteronthewebpage.［题数：20;分数：10分；参考时间：15分0秒］”Passage1Doyouwakeupeverydayfeelingtootired,orevenupset?Ifso,thenanewalarmclockcouldbejustforyou.Theclock,calledSleepSmart,measuresyoursleepcycle,andwaits67youtobeinyourlightestphaseofsleep68rousingyou.Itsmakerssaythatshould69youwakeupfeelingrefreshedeverymorning.Asyousleepyoupass70asequenceofsleepstates-lightsleep,deepsleepandREM(rapideyemovement)sleep-that71approximatelyevery90minutes.Thepointinthatcycleatwhichyouwakecan72howyoufeellater,andmay73haveagreaterimpactthanhowmuchorlittleyouhaveslept.Beingrousedduringalightphase74youaremoreV67.C[A]besidesJ[B]near®[C]for。[D]around【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：本题考的是固定搭配waitforsb.todosth.o在完形填空题中，固定搭配题一般难度都不大，不依靠上下文往往也能确定答案，因此一定要争取不丢分。
29likelytowakeupenergetic.68.SIeepSmart75thedistinctpatternofbrainwaves76duringeachphaseofsleep,viaaheadbandequipped77electrodes（电极）andamicroprocessor.Thismeasurestheelectricalactivityofthewearer*sbrain,inmuchthe78wayassomemachinesusedformedicalandresearch79,andcommunicateswirelesslywithaclockunitnearthebed.You80theclockwiththelatesttimeat81youwanttobewakened,andit82duly（适时地）wakesyouduringthelast1ightsleepphasebeforethat.The83wasinventedbyagroupofstudentsatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland84afriendcomplainedofwakinguptiredandperformingpoorlyonatest.85sleep-deprivedpeopleourselves,westartedthinkingof86todoaboutit,*saysEricShashoua,arecentcollegegraduateandnowchiefexecutiveofficerofAxonSleepResearchLaboratories,acompanycreatedbythestudentstodeveloptheiridea.J[A]upon@[B]beforeC[C]towards匕[D]till【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：由空格所在句的句意“这种叫做SleepSmart的闹钟能测量睡眠周期.并且一直等到睡眠最浅时才叫醒你”可知，此处需选介词beforeoV69.向[AJensureUrrJ[B]assureLrri[C]requireJ[D]request【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：本题为形近词ensure和assure的辨析题。ensure意为“保证”，强调确保某事一定会发生。如:Hiswifeensuredthathetookallhispillseverydayassure意为“使确信，使放心；向……保证”，暗含有使他人不要担心的意思。如：Momassuredusthateverythingwouldbeallright.故答案为A。此句意为：其制造者说这样会保证你每天早上起来感觉精神饱满。V70.[A]through[B]into
30J[C]aboutC[D]on【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：本题考查的是固定搭配。pass与through搭配时意为“经过，经历”，符合句意。故答案为A。V71.J[A]revealsJ[B]reversesLrrJ[C]resumesPJ[Dlrepeats【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：山句意“睡觉时你会经历一系列的睡眠状态……这一系列的睡眠状态大约每90分钟就会……”可知，答案应为repeatsoV72.「[A]effectJ[B]affect匕[C]reflectJ[D]perfect【参考答案】：B【学生得分】:0.5【题目解析】：本题考查的是形近词辨析。根据题意和空格所处位置，本题需要•表示“影响”的动词。affect意为“影响”.为动词:而effect表示“结果，影响'’时为名词。故答案为B。
31V73.J[A]alreadyJ[B]evernrrJ[C]never,[D]even【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：空格所在的分句与前一分句构成递进关系，由空格所处的位置可知，此处需要一副词，只有选项D符合要求。V74.[Ajmeans，[B]marksC[C]saysLrJ[D]dictates【参考答案】：A【学生得分】:0.5【题目解析】：根据题意，这里需要一表示解释意义的谓语动词，故答案为means。该词是近几年的四级常考词，本次考查的是该词最基本的意思——意味着。V75.[B]relievesO[C]records，[D]recalls【参考答案】：C【学生得分】:0.5
32【题目解析】：空格处需要一谓语动词，表示主语SleepSmart的工作原理，因其后宾语为“独特的脑电波模式”，故答案应为records（记录）。V76.Lr1J[A]proceededI.BJproducedLriJ[C]pronouncedJ[D]progressed【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：此处需•过去分词，用以修饰前面的宾语。由于宾语为“独特的脑电波模式“，因此答案为produced（被产生.的）。V77.C[A]byU[B]of@[C]withL.,J[D]over【参考答案】：c【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：本题考查的是固定搭配beequippedwith（装备有），故答案为CoV78.HrrJ[A]familiarC[B]similarC[C]identical
33FlrnJ[D]same【参考答案】：D【学生得分】:0.5【题目解析】：本题考查的是固定搭配thesame...as,故答案为DoV79.,[A]findingsLriLB]prospectsLrri[C]proposalsrrJ[D]purposes【参考答案】：D【学生得分】:0.5【题目解析】：本题考查的是固定搭配for…purposes（为了的目的）,故答案为DoV80.J[A]prompt自[Bjprogram[C]plug[D]plan【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.5【题口解析】：根据题意，此处需一表示“设定（时间）”的动词，而program作动词时就表示“计戈”，设定此句意为：你给闹钟设定最迟时间，…….因此，答案为B。V81.J[A]where
34,[B]this®[C]whichC[D]that【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：空格处需一定语从句引导词,由于该空前有一介词at,所以应选which。此处定语从句的先行词为thelatesttime..V82.rr,[A]then,[B]alsoJ[C]almostC[D]yet【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】:连词and后引出的是前面行为（你给闹钟设定最迟时间）产生的结果，根据题意及空格所在位置，应选副词then。此句意为：你给闹钟设定你想被叫醒的最迟时间，那么，它就会在此之前当你处于最后浅睡阶段时适时地叫醒你。V83.,[A]claimLrrJ[B]conclusionJ[C]conceptLriJ[D]explanation【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：空格所在位置需要一主语，而
35且该主语指的是前面有关新式闹钟的情况，所以应选表示“观念，思想”的concept。V84.Lr-iJ[A]once@[B]after,[C]sinceC[D]while【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.5【题H解析】：很明显，此处需要•连词，体现前后两句之间的时间关系，由句意可知，前面的主句说明的情况发生在从句所提到的事件之后，故答案为B。V85.[A]Besides[B]Despite
36单句翻译（汉译英）Directions:
37thissectionyouarerequiredtotranslatesomeChinesesentencesintoEnglish.Typeyourtranslationonthewebpage.［题数:5;分数:5分;参考时间：10分0秒］”J[C]To口[D]As【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：空格处应有一介词短语作状语，根据句意所需词应为表示“角色、身份、状态”的词，只有as符合耍求，因此为答案。V86.®[A]whatC[B]howc[C]whetherC[D]when【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：0.5【题目解析】：由空格所在位置可知，所需词与后面的动词do有逻辑上的动宾关系，选项中只有what可作动词的宾词，故答案为A。此句意为：作为缺少睡眠的人，我们自己也开始思考如何解决这一问题。87.Havingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble（找到去历史博物馆的路）.findingthewaytothehistoryA|
38【参考答案】：findingthewaytotheHistoryMuseumQ【学生得分】：0.9查看得分明细【题目解析】：此句考查的是have（no）troubledoingsth,这一结构,又如：Ineverhaveanytroublegettingtosleep.have（no）trouble后如果接名词，则要和介词with搭配使用，如:They'rehavingalotoftroublewiththenewbaby.88._（为了挣钱供我上学），Motheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.IordertofinancemystudydI【参考答案】：Inordertofinancemyeducation/studiesatschoolo【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题目解析】：此句考查对finance一词的理解和使用，finance用作动词时.意为“提供资金给，为筹措资金“，如：Samfinancedhisstudiesatamedicalschoolbylaboringallsummer.3289.Theprofessorrequiredthat(我们交研究报告)byWednesday.weshouldhandinourresearch□山［参考答案］：wehandintheresearchreport(s)o【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题H解析】：此句考杳语法点：动词require后的宾语从句用虚拟语气形式.即谓语部分为should+动词原形，其中的should通常可省略。-+90.Themoreyouexplain,（我愈糊涂）.themoreconfusedIamdI（参考答案］：themoreconfusedIam。
39【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题目解析】：此句考查的是themore…，themore…结构。当某人感到困惑、糊涂时，用beconfused,如：Iamtotallyconfused.Couldyouexplainthatagain?当某事含糊不清、令人困惑时。可用beconfusing»如:TheinstructionsweresoconfusingthatI'vedoneitallwrong.88.Thoughaskilledworker,（他被公司解雇了）lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.hewasfiredbythecompany山广【参考答案】：hewasfiredbythecompanyo【学生得分】：0.8查看得分明细【题目解析】：此句考查fire的被动语态形式。fire在此句中意为“开除，解雇”，如：Theyfiredherfbrstealingfromthecompany.命题作文Directions;Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthegiventopic.Yourcompositionshouldmeettheword1imitsetbythetestsyllabusatthislevel.Youshouldbaseyourcompositionontheout1inesprovidedandthentypeyourcompositionintheboxbelow.［题数:1;分数:12分;参考时间:30分。秒］・•-1±J89.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayentitled"OnStudentsSelectingTheirLecturers*.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、有些大学允许学生自主选择某些课程的任课老师2、学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素3、学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题NowadaysstudentsinsomeHoweverthereareseveral【参考答案】：OnStudentsSelectingTheirLecturersCollegestudentsoftencomplainthatsomecoursestheyhaveareverydullandsometeachersdonotliveuptotheirexpectations.Nowtheyhaveachoice—theymaylegitimatelyavoidsuch
40coursesandteachers,assomeuniversitiesnowallowtheirstudentstoselectthelecturersofsomecourses.Studentsoftenconsiderthefollowingfactorswhenselectingtheirlecturers.First,theacademicbackgroundofthelecturer.Theywouldexpectthelecturertobeanexpertinthefieldoftheirstudy.Second,theteachingmethodofthelecturer.Teacherswhoemployinnovativeteachingmethodsareusuallywelcomedbystudents.Third,thecharacterofthelecturer-whetherheorshehasagoodsenseofhumorornot.Allowingstudentstoselecttheirlecturersmaybringbenefitsaswellasproblems.Ontheonehand,withgreaterpressureincompetition,teachersarecompelledtoworkhardertokeeptheirstudentsinclass.Ontheotherhand,studentsdonotalwayshavetherightjudgmentastowhetherthelecturerisagoodoneornot.Quiteoftentheychooseateacheronlybecausetheteachercantellalotofjokesinclass,whicharenotalwaysrelevanttothecourse.Asaresult,studentsmayendupwithmanyamusingbutmeaninglesslectures.Moreover,somestudentsevenselectalecturerbecauseheorsheisgood-looking,orhasanicevoice.Ofcoursethisisnotonlyunfairbutalsounreasonable.Perhapscollegesshouldsetsomelimitsaswellwhileallowingstudentstoselecttheirlecturers.【学生得分】：8.5查看得分明细【题目解析】："新四级'’考试的神秘面纱终于在6月24日揭开了。虽然题型、流程有所变化，但作文部分(作文原题附文后)却无明显改变，仍要求在30分钟的时间内写一篇120词的短文，内容还是与学生的学习和生活相关，题目是"OnStudentsSelectingTheirLecturers'',并给出了写作提纲。下面我们一起来看看怎么写好这篇作文。我们不妨按照提纲也把文章分三部分来写，或者干脆写成三段，这是最稳妥、有效的写法。那么，第一段应说明“有些大学允许学生白主:选择某曲课程的任课老师”这一点。其实，这一段的作用就是引出话题，应该考虑如何更自然地引出话题，比如可以说“学生们经常抱怨说有些课程没什么意思”或者”任课教师使他们失望“，因此有的学校允许学生选择某些课程的任课老师。一个好的引子耍能吸引读者的注意.并与话题密切相关。我们来看下面这个开头：Collegestudentshavemorefreedomnow.Theyareallowedtoliveoffcampus,todate,andeventomarryduringtheircollegeyears.Nowtheyhaveanotherfreedom:Insomeuniversities,studentsareallowedtoselecttheirlecturers.这个开头也有引子.谈到大学生拥有越来越多的自由，甚至有选择老师的自由。应该说，这个引子同话题有一定的关联性.但说学生拥有更多自由，如被允许住在校外、谈恋爱，甚至结婚，这与话题的关联性就不强。好的引子要求的确很高，那么我们不妨简单一些。对要引出的话题直接加以说明，即陈述一个事实：“有些大学允许学生自主选择某些课程的任课老师”(Someuniversitiesnowallowstudentstoselectthelecturersofsomecourses.或Collegestudentsinsomeuniversitiesarenowallowedtoselectthelecturersofsomecourses.)。然后，可以对此做法加些说明，比如：Thisnewpolicyiswarmlyembracedbythemajorityofstudents,butitalsoleadstomanydisputesamongteachers.或Studentsnolongerhavetogotothecoursestheyhavenointerestin。Orfaceateacherthattheydislike.这样.第一段的内容就显得丰满一些。如果觉得这部分的说明也难，那么就直接陈述吧，虽然略显突兀，但也不错。第二段要说明“学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素这一段从内容上来看较容易，因为学生都能够设身处地想象一下，如果自己来选择老师会用什么标准.比如：教师的学术背景(academicbackground)、资历(qualifications)、教学方法(teachingmethod/methodology),工作态度(attitudestowardwork)、个性(character/personality)等等。从技术层面来讲，我们一般可以列举三条左右的因素，如果第一句是这样写的：“Students
41oftenconsiderthefollowingfactorswhenselectingtheirlecturers.那么后面列举的因素最好都用名词结构。如：First,theacademicbackgroundofthelecturer.Second,theteachingmethodofthelecturer.Third,thecharacterofthelecturer.从语法上来说，这三个句子都不是完整句子，而是片语(sentencefragment),在写作中•般应避免，但在这里能很好地说明具体的factors,对应的是factors一词，显得言简意赅。如果对这种写法没把握.就不要强求，用完整句来表达也是完全可以的。如：First,agoodteachershouldhaveasoundacademicbackground.Second,agoodteachershouldemployaninnovativeteachingmethodinclass.Third,agoodteachershouldhaveagoodsenseofhumor.切记：列举时最好使用平行结构(parallelstructure),即相似的句法结构，要么都用完整句，要么都用片语，不要把两者混合起来使用。在每•个要点后，都可加上一、两句简短说明.这样内容就会更充实。第三段说明“学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题:恐怕考生最熟悉、最拿手的就是对优缺点的分析了，从技术层面上看.很多作文都用得上这样的分析技巧。关于优缺点的表达法很多，比如：advantages/disadvantages,merits/demerits>strengths/weaknessesstrongpoints/weakpointso在讲到一个可能会带来益处同时也会产生问题的做法时，benefits/problems显得更恰当。我们可以用ontheonehand/Ontheotherhand这一对表达法来分别说明益处和问题。在具体内容上.可以分别说明两、三个益处和两、三个问题，比如：Ontheonehand,thepolicyproducesmanybenefits,notonlyforthestudents,butfbrtheteachersaswell.Studentsonlyattendthelecturesthattheyenjoy,sotheyarewillingtoputmoreeffortsinthecourse.Teacherswillfeelthecompetitionfromtheircolleaguesandwilltrytheirbesttoimprovetheirownteachingskills.Ontheotherhand,itmayalsobringsomeproblems.Studentsmaylacktheabilitytojudgewhetheralecturerisgoodornot.Quiteoftentheyputhumoraboveeverythingelseandregardateacherwhocantellalotofjokesntomaketheclassalive**asagoodone,althoughmanyofthejokeshavenothingtodowiththecourse...当然，只说一个靛处和一个问题也未尝不可，没仃人要求你穷尽所有的益处和问题！在讲完益处和问题后，文章实际上就可以结束了。不过，既然讲到了问题，不妨加一、两句评论，指出可能的解决方法，这样在逻辑结构上就更完美。比如.我们可以写：学校也许可以在学生选择任课老师问题上加一些限制条件等。综上所述，一篇好的四级作文首先要按照题意严格根据提供的提纲来进行结构布局，在具体的写作过程中，考生可根据自己的词汇量及对表达法的掌握情况对想表达的内容进行取舍。我们既可以像上面分析的那样写出言简意赅的文章，也可以对文章内容进行充实，写出更漂亮的文字。
