邓鑫-升大学英文阅读背诵短文

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AdviceToAYoungManRemember,myson,youhavetowork.Whetheryouhandleapickorapen,awheel-barroworasetofbooks,diggingditchesoreditingapaper,ringinganauctionbellorwritingfunnythings,youmustwork.Ifyoulookaroundyouwillseethemenwhoarethemostabletolivetherestoftheirdayswithoutworkarethemenwhoworkthehardest.Don'tbeafraidofkillingyourselfwithoverwork.Itisbeyondyourpowertodothatonthesunnysideofthirty.Theydiesometimes,butitisbecausetheyquitworkatsixintheevening,anddonotgohomeuntiltwointhemorning.It'stheintervalthatkills,myson.Theworkgivesyouanappetiteforyourmeals;itlendssoliditytoyourslumbers,itgivesyouaperfectandgratefulappreciationofaholiday.Thereareyoungmenwhodonotwork,buttheworldisnotproudofthem.Itdoesnotknowtheirnames,evenitsimplyspeaksofthemas“oldSo-and-So'sboy”.Nobodylikesthem,thegreat,busyworlddoesn'tknowthattheyarethere.Sofindoutwhatyouwanttobeanddo,andtakeoffyourcoatandmakeadustintheworld.Thebusieryouare,thelessharmyouwillbeapttogetinto,thesweeterwillbeyoursleep,thebrighterandhappieryourholidays,andthebettersatisfiedwilltheworldbewithyou.—RobertJonesBurdetteNOTES1.sonn.:youngman年轻人2.havetov.phr.\must必须3.pickn.\asharp-pointedirontoolusedindigging锄头4.wheel-barrow〃.：asmallvehiclewithonewheelandtwohandles,usedformovingsmallloads手推车5.asetofbooksn.phr.:asetofaccounts——套帐簿6.ditchn.:achanneldugintheground沟7.paper〃.：newspaper报纸8.auctionn.:apublicsaleinwhichgoodsaresoldtothehighestbidder拍卖9.funnya.:interesting有趣的10.overwork〃.：toomuchwork工作过劳11.onthesunnysideofthirtyprep.phr.:belowthirtyyearsofage三十岁以内12.quitv.:stop停止13.intervaln:thetimebetweenevents间隔时间14.theworkgivesyouanappetiteforyoumeals=theworksharpensyourdesireforfood工作会增加你的食欲15.itlendssoliditytoyourslumbers=theworkmakesyousleepsoundly工作会使你安然入睡16.itgivesyouaperfectandgratefulappreciationofaholiday=theworkmakesyouhaveagoodenjoymentofaholidaywithmuchsatisfaction工作会使你心满意足地享受假日17.theworldisnotproudofthem=theworlddosenotfeelitselfgreatlyhonoredbythem这世界并不以有他们为荣18.So-and-So//.:acertainperson某人19.findoutv.phr.:thinkclearly;understand想清楚；明了20.takeoffyourcoatv.phr.:keepupyourspirits脱下你的外衣，意即提起你的精神

11.makeadustintheworldv.phr.:becomeprominentintheworld.扬名于世2.the...the...conj.phr.:byhowmuch....bysomuch.愈….愈..・・3.apttogetintoa.phr.:liabletosuffer.易于遭受4.thebrighterandhappieryourholidays=thebrighterandhappierwillbeyourholidays.EarlyRisingGetup,littlesisters;themorningisbright,Andthebirdsareallsingingtowelcomethelight.Thebudsareallopening;thedew'sontheflower;Ifyoushakebutabranch,see,therefallsashower.Bythesideoftheirmothers,look,underthetrees,Howtheyounglambsareskippingaboutastheyplease;Andbyallthoseringsonthewater,Iknow,Thefishesaremerrilyswimmingbelow.Thebee,Idaresay,hasbeenlongonthewing,Togethoneyfromeveryflowerofspring;Forthebeeneveridles,butlaborsallday,Thinkingtoworkisbetterthantoplay.Thelark'ssinginggaily,itlovesthebrightsun,Andrejoicesthatnowthegayspringhasbegun.Forthespringissocheerful,Ithink'twouldbewrong,Ifwedidnotfeelhappytohearthelark'ssong.Getup;fbrwhenallthingsaremerryandglad,Goodchildrenshouldneverbylazyorsad.ForGodgivesusdaylight,dearsisters,thatweMayrejoicelikethelark,andmayworklikethebee.NOTES1.dew's=dewis2.butad,:only仅3.showern.\ashortfallofrain阵雨4.skip(ping)v.:jump(ing);leap(ing)lightly也K跃5.onthewingprep,phr.:flying在飞6.lark's=larkis7.gailytzJv.:merrily快乐地8.rejoicev.:beglad;behappy欣喜；快乐9.,twould=itwould10.daylight〃.:daytime日间；白昼ChoiceofCompanionsAgoodcompanionisbetterthanafortune1,forafortunecannotpurchasethoseelementsofcharacterwhichmakecompanionshipsablessing3.Thebestcompanionisonewhoiswiserandbetterthanourselves,forweareinspired4byhiswisdomandvirtue5tonoblerdeeds.

2Keepgoodcompany6,andyoushallbeoneofthenumber,saidGeorgeHerbert7."Amanisknownbythecompanyhekeeps8/9Charactermakescharacterintheassociationsoflife9fasterthananythingelse.Thisfactmakesthechoiceofcompanionsinearlylifemoreimportanteventhanthatofteachersandguardians.10Companionshipiseducation,goodorbad;itdevelopsmanhoodorwomanhood,11highorlow;itliftsthesoulupwardordragsitdownward;itministersto-virtueorvice.Sowvirtue,andtheharvestwillbevirtue.Sowvice,andtheharvestwillbevice.Goodcompanionshelpustosowvirtue;evilcompanionshelpustosowvice.—WilliamMakepeaceThayerNOTES1.fortunen.\agreatdealofmoneyorproperty钱贝才2.companionshipn.\association;friendship交友；友谊3.blessingn.:happiness幸福4.inspiredv.:encouraged鼓舞；激励5.virtuen.:moralgoodness美德。6.keepgoodcompanyv.phr.:associatewithgoodmen结交好人7.GeorgeHerbert(1593-1633):anEnglishpoet赫伯特，英国诗人8.thecompanyhekeeps=thepersonswithwhomheassociateshimself所结交的人619.associationsoflifen.phr.:society社交10.guardian〃.：onewhoguardsorcaresforanotherperson监护人11.manhoodorwomanhoodn.\characterofamanorawoman人品12.ministertov.phr.:givehelpto;contributeto助成FranknessFranknessisthechildofhonestyandcourage.Sayjustwhatyoumeantodo,oneveryoccasion-.Ifafriendasksafavor3,youshouldgrant4it,ifitisreasonable5;ifnot,tellhimplainly6whyyoucannot.Youwouldwrong7himandwrongyourselfbyequivocation8ofanykind.Neverdoawrongthingtomakeafriendorkeepone.Themanwhorequiresyoutodosoisdearlypurchasedatasacrifice.Dealkindlybutfirmlywith9allyourclassmates.Youwillfinditthepolicywhichwears10best.Aboveall",donotappeartootherswhatyouarenot.[2.・・Ifyouhaveanyfaulttofindwithanyone,tellhim,notothers,ofwhatyoucomplain.Thereisnomoredangerousexperiment13thanthatofundertaking14todoonethingbeforeaman'sfaceandanotherbehindhisback.Weshouldsayanddonothingtotheinjury15ofanyone.Itisnotonlyamatterofprinciple16,butalsothepathofpeaceandhonor.—RobertE.LeeNOTES1.franknessn.:candidness;outspokenness坦白；率直2.occasionn.\timelyopportunity时机3.favorn.\kindness;friendlyregard恩惠；眷顾

31.grantv.:allow;give允许；给2.reasonablea.:proper;rational正当的；合理的3.plainlyad.:frankly坦白地4.wrongv.:doinjusticeto得罪5.equivocationn.:usingexpressionsofuncertainmeaning支吾其辞6.dealwithv.phr.:treat对待7.wearv.:endure持久8.aboveallad.phr.:morethanall;aboveeverythingelse最要者9.haveanyfaulttofindwithv.phr.:criticizeunfavorably;blame指摘；责备10.experimentn.\practicaltest试验11.undertaking(undertake)v.:promising(promise)允许12.injury〃.：damage损害13.principlen.\moralprinciples节操；道义HomeWhatmakesahome?Loveandsympathy1andconfidence.2Itisaplacewherekindlyaffections3existamongallthemembersofthefamily.Theparentstakegoodcareoftheirchildren,andthechildrenareinterestedintheactivities4oftheirparents.Thusallofthemareboundtogetherbyaffection5,andtheyfindtheirhometobethecheeriestplaceintheworld.Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethan6abodywithoutasoulisaman.Everycivilized7personisasocialbeing.8Nooneshouldlivealone.Amanmaylead9asuccessfulandprosperous10life,butprosperity11alonecanbynomeans12insurehappiness.Manygreatpersonages13intheworldhistoryhaddeepaffectionsfortheirhomes.Yourhomemaybepoorandhumble,butyourdutyliesthere.Youshouldtrytomakeitcheerfulandcomfortable.Thegreaterthedifficulties,the14richerwillbeyourreward.Ahomeismorethan15afamilydwelling.16Itisaschoolinwhichpeoplearetrainedforcitizenship.17Amanwillnotrendergoodservicetolshiscountryifhecandonothinggoodfor19hishome;forinproportionas20heloveshishome,willhelovehiscountry.Thehomeisthebirthplace21oftruepatriotism.22Itisthesecret23ofsocialwelfareandnationalgreatness.Itisthebasisandoriginofcivilization.NOTES1.sympathyn.\fellow-feeling同情2.confidencen.:firmtrust信任3.affection(s)n.:tenderfeeling(s);love深情4.activityn.:action活动5.affectionn.:love情爱；爱6.nomore...thancon/,p/ir.:just...as只不过是・・•；正如・・・7.civilizeda.:cultured文明的；有教养的

41.beingn.:person人2.leadv.:live过(生活)3.prosperousa.:favorable;wealthy顺利的；富裕的4.prosperityn.:success;wealth成功；富裕5.bynomeansad.phr.:certainlynot决不6.greatpersonagesphr.:greatmen伟人7.the...theconj.phr.:byhowmuch...bysomuch愈…愈…8.morethanconj.phr.\moresignificantthan.其意义尤甚于9.dwellingn.\ahousetolivein住宅；寓所10.citizenshipn.\conditionofbeingacitizen公民资格11.renderservicetov.phr.:serve对・・•效劳12.goodfora.phr.\beneficialto有益于13.inproportionasconj.phr.:tothedegreethat与.••成比例14.birthplace/?.:placeofone'sbirthorofathing'sorigin诞生地；起源地15.patriotismn.:loveandsupportofone'scountry;spiritofapatriot爱国心、；爱国精“申16.secretn.:hiddenreasonorexplanation秘诀PeaceTodayweseekamoralbasis1forpeace.Itcannotbearealpeaceifitfailsto2recognize3brotherhood4.Itcannotbealastingpeaceifthefruitofitisoppressionorstarvation5,orcrueltyorhumanlifedominatedbyarmedcamps6.Itcannotbeasoundpeaceifsmallnationsmustliveinfearofpowerfulneighbors.Itcannotbeamoralpeaceiffreedomfrominvasion7issoldfortribute8.Itcannotbeanintelligentpeaceifitdenies9freepassageto10thatknowledgeofthoseidealswhichpermitmentofindcommonground.11Itcannotbearighteous12peaceifworship13ofGodisdenied.Peace,nolessthan14war,mustofferaspiritofcomradeship,15aspiritofachievement,aspiritofunselfishness,andindomitable16willtovictory.Peacecanendureonlysolongas1'humanityreallyinsistsupon1sit,andiswillingtoworkforitandsacrificeforit.—FranklinD.RooseveltNOTES1.moralbasisn.phr.:spiritualfoundation精神基础2.failtov.phr,:beunableto不能3.recognizev.:admit承认4.brotherhoodn.:fraternity兄弟之爱；人类博爱5.starvationn.\sufferingfromhunger"L饿6.dominatedbyarmedcampsv.phr.:controlledbyarmedforces为武力所支ft1

51.freedomfrominvasionn.phr.:freedomexemptfromaggression免于侵略的自由2.soldfortributev.phr,:soldasanoffering当作献礼出卖3.denyv.:refuse拒绝4.freepassageton.phr.:thewaythatleadstothefreedomof;freelysecuring通往・••的自由之路，意即自由获取5.commongroundn.phr.:commonfoundation,implyingequalstandpoint共同基础，有平等立足点之意6.righteousa.:just正义的7.worshipn.:reverence崇拜；崇敬8.nolessthanconj.phr.:justas正如9.comradeshipn.:goodfellowship友谊10.indomitablea.:unyielding不屈不挠的11.solongasconj.phr.:ifonly祇要12.insist(up)onv.phr.:persistin坚持DutyTheverybestkindofmandoeswhathnoughttodo.Thereisbutonecowardice1;itisnotdoingone'sduty.Thereisbutonefailure,thefailuretodischargeanobligation.2Thereisbutonesin,3notdoingwhatoneoughttodo.ThebiggestwordinthelanguageisDUTY.Themanwhokeepsitbrightwithinhim4isarealman.Thereissomuchofthesuperfluous5amongus,andsomuchgoodnessthatisbutinterestingmeanness.Itisbettertobehonestthantobeattractive.6Itisbettertobeloyal7thantobeafectionate.8Itisbettertotellthetruththantolieentertainingly.9Itisbettertohavealittleefficiency10thanalotof11knowledge.Itisbettertoearnyourliving12andtakeyourselfoffotherpeople'sback13thantobeasaint14ora.15genius.Itisbettertodoonegoodactthantospeakmanygoodwords.Oneearneddollarisworthmorethanathousandgiventoyou.Thosepersonswholovetodoeverythinggoodbutthat16whichtheirdutyrequiresareindeedfoolishanddespicable.17,18io・・・•20•••Dutyistheeggofallgoodness.Withoutitreligionishypocrisy,loveispoison,activityuseless,kindnesscruelty,21andeverygoodqualityisaredapplefullofworm22meat.—F.CraneNOTES1.cowardice〃.：lackofcourage懦怯2.thefailuretodischargeanobligationn.phr.:nottoperformaduty不尽责3.sinn.:aseriousfailure罪过

61.keepsitbrightwithinhimv.phr.\keepsdutyconspicuousinhismind责任显然在心'2.superfluousa.:needless;unnecessary不必要的3.attractivea:engaging;pleasing动人的；令人喜爱的4.loyala.:trueandfaithful忠诚的5.affectionatea.:loving;tender亲爱的；亲切的6.entertaininglyad.:amusingly悦人地；有趣地7.efficiencyn.:capability才能8.alotofa.phr.:much许多的9.earnyourlivingv.phr.:makeyourliving;obtainyourlivelihood自行谋生10.takeyourselfoffotherpeople'sbackv.phr.

7otdependonothers不依赖他人11.saint〃.：aholyperson圣人12.geniusn.apersonwithuncommonintellectualfaculties天才13.butthatconj.phr.:exceptthething除・・・之事外14.despicablea.:contemptible可鄙的15.eggn.\root;source根源16.goodnessn.:virtue美德17.hypocrisy〃.：pretenseofvirtueorgoodness伪善18.activityuseless,kindnesscruelty=activityisuseless,kindnessiscruelty.19.wormy。.：eatenbyworms虫蛀的FacetheObstaclesIpreach1toyou,mycountrymen,thatourcountrycallsnotfor2thelifeofease,3butforthelifeofstrenuousendeavor.4Thetwentiethcenturylooms5beforeusbigwiththefateofmanynations.Ifwestandidlyby,6ifweseekmerelyswollen,7slothful8easeandignoble9peace,ifweshrinkfrom10thehardcontests11wheremenmustwinatthehazardof12theirlivesandattheriskof13alltheyholddear,thenthebolderandstrongerpeoplewillpassby14usandwillwinforthemselvesthedomination15oftheworld.Letusthereforeboldlyfacethelifeofstrife,resolute16todoourdutywellandmanfully;17,1Qresolutetoupholdrighteousnessbydeedandbyword;resolutetobebothhonestandbrave,toservehighideals,yettousepracticalmethods.Aboveall,19letusnotshrinkfromstrife,moralorphysical,withinorwithoutthenation,provided20wearecertainthestrifeisjustified21;foritisonlythroughstrife,throughhardanddangerousendeavor,thatweshallultimately22winthegoaloftruenationalgreatness.—TheodoreRooseveltNOTES1.preachv.:giveearnestadvice劝导2.callforv.phr.:demand;require要求;需要3.lifeofeasen.phr,:comfortablelife安逸的生活4.lifeofstrenuousendeavorn,phr.:industriouslife勤奋的生活

81.loomv.:appearindistinctly隐现2.standidlybyv.phr.:tobeinactivespectators袖手旁观3.swollen(p.p.ofswell)a.:excessive过度的4.slothfula.:lazy;indolent怠隋的5.ignoblea.:dishonorable;shameful不名誉的；可耻的6.shrinkfromv.phr.:drawbackfrom;flinchfrom退缩；畏缩7.hardcontestsn.phr.:arduousstruggle艰苦的奋斗8.atthehazardofprep.phr.:runtheriskof冒・・•之险9.attheriskofprep,phr.:staking以…为赌注10.passbyv.phr.:disregard不顾11.dominationn.:control;rule统治12.resolutea.:bedetermined坚决的13.manfullyad.:bravely刚勇地14.upholdrighteousnessbydeedandbywordn.phr.:supportjusticebyactionandbyspeech以言行维护正义15.aboveallad.phr.:aboveeverythingelse;mostimportantofall尤要者；最要者16.providedconj.:onconditionthat;incase假若17.justifieda.:provedtoberight证明为正当18.ultimatelyad.:finally;atlast最后OnKnowledgeThereisadifferencebetweenknowledgeandwisdom,butwithouttheonetheothercannotbegained.Wecannothaveaharvestofwheatwithoutseedandskillofcultivation1.Knowledgeistherootofwisdom;wisdomistheripefruitofknowledge.Theloveofknowledgehasbeencharacteristic2ofmostgreatmen.Theynotonlylovedknowledgebuttheywerewillingtoworkhardtoattainit.Whenamanwinssuccess,peoplesay,“HeisageniuButtherealcauseforhissuccesswasthattheloveofknowledgeledto4theefforttoobtainit.Usefulknowledgeistheknowledgewhichisofbenefitto5ourselvesandtoothers,andthatisthemostimportantwhichisthemostuseful.Itisthebeliefofmanypeoplethatknowledgeisbetterthanriches6,andthatitspossession7bringsmorecomforttotheownerthananythingelse.Thepowerofintellectualknowledge8,withouttheownerofmoralprinciple9,oftentendstol()evil.Characteristhecriterion"ofknowledge.Notwhatamanhas12,butwhatheis13,isthequestion.Thequalityofsoulismorethan14thequantityofinformation15.Ifwehavenoblepurpose,ourintellectualattainments16willnaturallyturntovisitedvariouspartsofmyowncountry—themightylakes,likeoceansofliquidsilver;thetheloftiestuses.

9—W.F.MarkwickandW.A.SmithNOTES1.cultivationn.\tilling种植。2.characteristica.\indicatingthecharacterof表明…的特性。3.geniusn.:apersonwithuncommonintellectualfaculties天才4.led(ptoflead)tov.phr.:giveriseto;caused弓I起；导致5.ofbenefittoa.phr.:goodfor有利于；有益于。6.richesn.:wealth财富。7.possessionn.\holding保有。8.intellectualknowledgen.phr.\knowledge智识。9.moralprinciplen.phn:morality道德。10.tendtov.phr.:leadto导致11.criterionn.:standardofjudgment判断的标准。12.whatamanhas=aman'sknowledge一个人的学识。13.whatheis=hischaracter他的品格。14.morethanconj.phr.\moreimportantthan较...重要。15.informationn.:knowledge知识；见闻。16.attainment(s)n.\achievement(s)造i旨。17.turntov.phr.:resultin;leadto终归；导致Irving"sAccountofHimselfIwasalwaysfondofvisitingnewscenesandobservingstrangecharactersandmanners.2EvenwhenamerechildIbeganmytravels,andmademanytoursofdiscoveryintoforeignparts3andunknownregionsofmynativecity.AsIgrewintoboyhood,Iextendedtherangeofmyobservations.Myholidayafternoonswerespentinrambles4aboutthesurroundingcountry.Imademyselffamiliarwithallitsplacesfamousinhistoryorfable.5Ivisitedtheneighboringvillages,andaddedgreatlytomystockofknowledgebynotingtheirhabitsandcustoms,andconversingwiththeirsagesandgreatmen.Ievenjourneyedonelongsummer'sdaytothesummit6ofthemostdistanthill,fromwhenceIstretchedmyeyeovermanyamileofTerraIncognita,7andwasastonishedtofindhowfastaglobeIinhabited.Thisramblingpropensitystrengthenedwithmyyears.Booksofvoyagesandtravelsbecamemypassion10;and,indevouringtheircontents,mountains,withtheirbrightaerialtints;thevalleys,teeming17withwildfertility;thetremendous18cataracts,19thunderingintheirsolitudes20;theboundlessplains,wavingwithwildspontaneous21verdure;thebroad,deeprivers,rollinginsolemnsilencetotheocean;thetrackless22forests,whereIneglectedtheregularexercisesoftheschool.Howwistfully12wouldIwanderaboutthepierheads13infineweather,andwatchthepartingships,boundto14distantclimes15!WithwhatlongingeyeswouldIgazeaftertheirlesseningsails,andwaftmyselfinimaginationtotheendsoftheearth16!vegetation23putsforth24allitsmagnificence25;theskies,kindling26withthemagicofsummercloudsandglorioussunshine.NeverneedanAmericanlookbeyondhisowncountryforthesublimeandbeautifulofnaturalscenery.—WashingtonIrving

10NOTES1.Irving:WashingtonIrving(1783-1859),aneminentAmericanwriter.欧文，美国名作家。2.mannersn.:habitsandcustoms;prevailingcustomsofapeople风俗习'惯。3.foreignpartsn.phr.:remoteplaces偏僻的地方。4.ramblen.:roam;stroll漫游。5.fablelegendarytales传说。6.summitn.\thehighestpoint;top顶巅；绝顶。7.TerraIncognita(Latin):unknownland未发现的地方(拉丁文)8.propensity〃.：inclination性癖。9.strengthenwithmyyearsv.phr.:everpromotewithmyage与年俱进。10.passion〃.：objectoflove;thatwhichcommandsdeepinterest酷爱之物。11.devour(ing)theircontentsv.phr.:read(ing)suchbookswitheagerness爱读这类书籍。12.wistfullyad.:longingly渴望地。13.pierheadn.\wharf码头。14.boundtov.phr.:tobedestinedfor开往。15.climen.:region(poetic)地方(多用于诗中)16.waftmyselfinimaginationtotheendsoftheearth=carrymyselfinfancytotheendsoftheearth神往天涯17.teeminga.:bounding充满18.tremendousa.:wonderful惊人的19.cataractn.:greatwaterfall大瀑布20.solituden.\lonelyplace寂寞的地方21.spontaneousa.:growingnaturallywithoutcultivation自生的22.tracklessa.:untrodden无人迹的23.vegetationn.\plantsingeneral植物；草木24.putforthv.phr.:topresenttonotice表现25.magnificencen.:grandness;splendidness庄严；华丽26.kindlinga.:becomingbright显有光辉的YouareWhatYouDoIfthepasthastaughtusanythingitisthateverycausebringsitseffect,everyactionhasaconsequence1.Thisthought,inmyopinion,2isthemoralfoundation3oftheuniverse4;itappliesequallyinthisworldandthenext5.WeChinesehaveasaying6:"Ifamanplantsmelons,hewillreapmelons;ifhesowsbeans,hewillreapbeans.7?,Andthisistrueofeveryman'slife:goodbegetsgood,andevilleadstoevil8.Trueenough,thesunshinesonthesaint9andthesinner10alike,andtoooftenitseemsthatthewicked11wax

11andprosper12.Butwecansaywithcertitude13that,withtheindividual14aswiththenation,theflourishing15ofthewickedisanillusion16,for,unceasingly17,lifekeepsbooksonusallls.Intheend,19weAreallthesumtotal20ofouractions.Character21cannotbecounterfeited22,norcanitbeputon2'andcastoff24asifitwereagarment25tomeetthewhimofthemoment26.Likethemarkingsonwood27whichareingrained28intheveryheartofthetree,characterrequirestimeandnurture29forgrowthanddevelopment.Thusalso,daybyday30,wewriteourowndestiny31,forinexorably32webecomewhatwedo.This,Ibelieve,isthesupremelogic33andthelawoflife.一MaylingSoongNOTES1.consequencen.:result结果2.inmyopinionprep,phr.:Ithink我认为3.moralfoundationn.phr.\spiritualbasis精神基础4.universe〃.：theworld宇宙5.thenextn.phr.:thefutureworld将来的世界6.saying〃.：popularphrase俗话7.“Ifamanplantsmelons,hewillreapmelons;ifhesowsbeans,hewillreapbeans"=Onewillreapasonehassown.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆8.goodbegetsgood,andevilleadstoevil=Goodproducesgood,andevilproducesevil.善有善报,恶有恶报9.saint〃.：aholyperson圣人10.sinnern.:onewhosins罪人11.thewickedn.phr.\badmen恶人12.waxandprospern.phr.:beself-satisfiedandprosperous志得意满13.saywithcertitudev.phr.:saywithcertainty断言14.individualn.:asingleperson个人15.flourish(ing)v.:prosper(ing)得志16.illusionn.:unrealimage幻象17.unceasinglyad.:continually不断地18.lifekeepsbooksonusall=lifekeepsaccountsofmeritsandfaultsonallofus生命对于我们大家都保有功过记录19.intheendad.phr.\atlast最后。20.sumtotaltotalamount总和；总结果21.charactern.:man^nature本性。22.counterfeitv.:forge;pretend伪造23.putonv.:bedressedin穿上

121.castoffv.phr.:takeoff脱去2.garmentn.:dress衣月艮3.meetthewhimofthemoment=tosatisfytheoddfancyordesireofthemoment满足——时的奇想27.markingsonwoodn.phr.:streaksofatree树纹28.ingrainv.:deeplysinkinto深入29.nurturen.:rearing;education养育；教养30.daybydayad.phr.:dayafterday逐日31.destinyn.\fate命运32.inexorablyad,:surely必然。33.supremelogic几phr.:highestreasoning最高的逻辑。NapoleonBonaparte1Napoleonwasamanwho,ineachmomentandemergency,knewwhattodonext.Fewmenhaveanynext;theylivefromhandtomouth;'withoutplan,and,aftereachaction,waitforanimpulse4fromabroad，.Napoleonhadbeenthefirstmanoftheworld,ifhisendshadbeenpurelypublic.Hewasfirm,sure,self-denying6,self-postponing,7sacrificingeverythingtohisaim-money,troops,generals,andhisownsafetyalso;notmisled8,lifecommonadventurers9,bythesplendor10ofhisownmeans11,"Incidents12oughtnottogovernpolicy,Mhesaid,“butpolicyincendents1Hisvictorieswereonlysomanydoors,andheneverforamomentlostsightof11hiswayonward",inthedazzle16anduproar17ofthepresentcircumstance.Heknewwhattodo,andheflewtohismark18.Intheplentitudeofhisresources19,everyobstacleseemedtovanish20."ThereshallbenoAlps21/9hesaid;andhebuilthisperfectroad,climbingbygradedgalleries22theirsteepest23precipices24,untilItalywasasopentoParisasanytowninFrance.Havingdecidedwhatwastobedone,hedidthatwithmightandmain.Hefoughtsixtybattles.Hehadneverenough.Eachvictorywasanewweapon.<6Mypowerwouldfall,wereInottosupportitbynewachievements26.Conquest27hasmademewhatIam,andconquestmust•・•28,,maintainme.BeforehefoughtabattleBonapartethoughtlittleaboutwhatheshoulddoincaseof29successbutagreatdealaboutwhatheshoulddoincaseofreverseoffortune30.Thesameprudence31andgoodsense32markedallhisbehavior33.—RalphWaldoEmersonNOTES1.NapoleonBonaparte(1769-1821):Frenchgeneralandemperor(1804-1815)拿破仑，法国皇帝2.emergencyn.:asuddenandurgentoccasiondemandingimmediateaction紧急之际3.livefromhandtomouthv.phr.:liveimprovidently不虑后事4.impulsen.\push推动5.fromabroadprep.phr.:fromoutside夕卜界的

133.self-denyingself-controlled克己的4.self-postponinga.:treatinghimselfasinferior,inimportancetoanother虚己彳寺人的5.misled(pasttenseofmislead)v.:ledintothewrongway;givenawrongidea导入歧途；生错误思想6.adventurern.:personwhoseeksadventures冒险者7.splendorn:.glory;brilliancy荣耀；显赫8.meansn.:status身份；地位9.incidentn.:casualhappening偶然事件10.“butpolicyincident”="butpolicyoughttogovernincidents”11.lostsighofv.phr.\ceasedtosee看不见12.hiswayonwardn.phr.:thewayaheadofhim他前面的路13.dazzlen.:bewilderment;confusion迷乱；纷乱14.uproarn,:tumult扰攘。15.flewtohismarkv.phr,:attainedhisend达到他的目的16.intheplentitudeofhisresourcesprep,phr.:underhiswits在他的多才多智之下17.vanishv.:disappear;passaway消失；消灭18.Alps/7.:amountainsysteminSouthEurope阿尔卑斯山19.galleryn.\longnarrowpassage狭长之通道20.steepa.:slopinggreatly峻山肖的21.precipicen.:cliff悬崖;绝壁22.withmightandmainad.phr.\withallhismight倾全力23.achievement〃.：somethingdonesuccessfully成就24.conquest〃.：victory胜利25.maintainv.:support支持26.incaseofprep,phr.:intheeventof倘若27.reverseoffortunen.phr.:badfortune逆运28.prudencen.:caution谨慎29.goodsensen.phr.\practicalwisdom;goodunderstandingandsoundjudgment见识30.behaviorn.:conduct行为TheManandtheOpportunityThelackofopportunityisevertheexcuseofaweak,vacillating-mind.Opportunities!Everylifeisfullofthem.Everylessoninschoolorcollegeisanopportunity.Everyexaminationisachanceinlife.Everybusinesstransaction3isanopportunity,anopportunitytobepolite,anopportunitytobemanly4,anopportunitytobehonest,anopportunitytomakefriends.Everyproofofconfidence5inyouisagreatopportunity.Everyresponsibilitythrustupon6yourstrengthandyourhonorispriceless7.Existence8istheprivilege9ofeffort,andwhenthatprivilegeismetlikeaman,opportunitiestosucceed10alongthelineofyouraptitude"willcomefasterthanyoucanusethem.Youngmenandwomen,whydoyoustandhereallthedayidle?Wasthelandalloccupiedbeforeyouwereborn?Hastheearthceasedtoyield12itsincrease13?Aretheseatsalltaken?thepositions14allfilled?thechancesallgone?Aretheresources15ofyourcountryfullydeveloped?Arethesecretsofnatureallmastered?Istherenowayin

14whichyoucanutilize16thesepassingmomentstoimproveyourselforbenefitanother?Don'twaitforyouropportunity.Makeit—makeitasNapoleon17madehis18inhundred“impossible"situations.Makeit,asallleadersofmen,inwarandinpeacehave,madetheirchancesofsuccess.Makeit,aseverymanmust19,whowouldaccomplishanythingworththeeffort20.Golden21opportunitiesarenothingtolaziness,butindustry22madethecommonestchancesgolden.——OrisonSwettMardenNOTES1.excusen.:pretext借口；托辞2.vacillatinga,:wavering游移不决的3.businesstransactionn.phr.:themanagingofbusiness事务的处理4.manlya.\manful有男人气概的5.confidence//.:firmtrust彳百任6.thrustuponv.phr.:imposedupon;forcedupon强力口7.pricelessa.:invaluable极为宝贵的8.existencen.:living生存9.privilegen,:specialright特权10.opportunitiestosucceedn.phr.:opportunitiestofollow接星重而来的机会11.aptituden.\ability;talent才能12.yieldv.:produce生产13.increaseproduct产物14.positionsn.\posts职位15.resourcesn.\sourcesofwealth富源16.utilizev.:makeuseof禾用17.Napoleon:NapoleonBonaparte(1769-1821),Frenchgeneralandemperor(1804-1815)拿破仑，法国皇帝18.asNapoleonmadehis=asNapoleonmadehisopportunity19.aseverymanmust=aseverymanmustmakehisopportunity20.worththeeffortprep,phr.:worthmakingefforts值得努力的21.goldena.:veryprecious;mostexcellent可贵的；绝好的22.industry几diligence勤勉CompanionshipofBooksAmanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionship1ofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthesametodaythatitalwayswas,anditwillneverchange.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulofcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackupon'usintimesofadversityordistress3.

15Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness;amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsolingusinage4.Menoftendiscovertheiraffinity5toeachotherbythelovetheyhaveeachforabook.Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion6.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathize7witheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andhe,inthem.*Agoodbookisoftenthebesturn9ofalifeenshrining10thebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofaman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksarethreasuries11ofgoodwords,thegolden12thoughts,which,rememberedandcherished1,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters14.BookspossessanessenceofimmortalityTheyarebyfar16themostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatues17decay,18butbookssurvive19.Timeisofnoaccount20withgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthors,minds,agesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividly21aseverfromtheprintedpage.Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththem,grievewiththem;theirexperiencebecomesours,andwefeelasifwewereinameasure22actorswiththeminthesceneswhichtheydescribe.—SamuelSmilesNOTES1.companionship〃.：friendship友谊2.turnitsbackuponv.phr,:abandon拾弃3.intimesofadversityordistressprep,phr.:intimesofmisfortunesorpoverty在患难或穷困时4.inageprep,phr.:inoldage老年时5.affinityn.:closerelationship亲密关系6.bondofunionn.phr.:unitingforce使人互相结合的力量7.sympathizev.:sharethefeelingorideasofanother同情8.andhe,inthem.=andhelivesinthem.9.urnn.\avasewithfootandroundbody,especiallyasancientlyforstoringashesofthedead有脚之圆形缸，古时以此缸盛人尸体之骨殖10.enshrining(enshrine)v.:inclosingorpreservingasinshrine保而藏之(如帝王驾崩，高僧圆寂之后，藏其遗骸于神龛中)11.treasury〃.：aplacewherevaluablethingsarekept宝库12.goldena.:precious;excellent宝贵的；卓越的13.cherishv.:holddear珍爱14.comfortern.:athingthatgivescomfort安慰物15.essenceofimmortalityn.phr.:thenatureofendlesslife不朽性16.byfarad.phr.\verymuch更甚17.statuen.\imageofapersoncarvedinstone雕像

161.decayv.:rot腐朽2.survivev.:continuetoexist继续存在3.ofnoaccounta.phr,:ofnoimportance无关重要的4.vividlyad.:inalivelymanner生动地5.inameasuread.phr,:insomedegree多少；有几分Lincoln1^Gettysburg2AddressFourscoreandsevenyearsago3,ourfathers4broughtforth5onthiscontinentanewnation,conceivedinliberty6,anddedicatedtotheproposition8thatallmenarecreatedequal9.NowweareengagedinH)agreatcivilwar,testingwhetherthatnation,oranynationsoconceivedandsodedicated,canlongendure11.Wearemetonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofthatfield12asafinalresting-place13forthosewhoheregavetheirlives14thatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.Butinalargersensewecannotdedicate,wecannotconsecrate16,wecannothallow17thisground.Thebravemen,livinganddead,whostruggledhere,haveconsecrateditfaraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract18.Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongremember,whatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.Itisforus,theliving,rathertobededicatedheretotheunfinishedworkwhichtheywhofoughtherehavethusfar19sonoblyadvanced.Itisratherforustobeherededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus—thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheygavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion20,一thatweherehighlyresolvethatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain,一tatthisnation,underGod,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom,—andthatgovernmentofthepeople21,bythepeople22,forthepeople23,shallnotperish24fromtheearth.—AbrahamLincolnNOTES1.Lincoln:AbrahamLincoln(1809-1865),16lhpresidentoftheUnitedStates(1861-1865)林肯，美国第十六任总统2.Gettysburg:atowninPennsylvania,alsothesiteofacrucialbattleoftheCivilWarin1863盖茨堡，美国宾夕法尼亚州。一个历史名镇，一八六三年南北战争时曾为战场3.fourscoreandsevenyearsago:eighty-sevenyearsago,herereferringtotheyear1776,whentheUnitedStatesofAmericadeclareditsindependence八十六年前，此指1776年美国宣布独立时。4.fathersn,:forefathers祖先。5.brought(pasttenseofbring)forthv.phr.\gavebirthto缔造；产生6.(be)conceivedinlibertya.phr.:havinglibertyasanidealofthenation以自由为理想7.(be)dedicatedtoa.phr,:(be)devotedto献身于8.proposition〃.：statement;assertion主张；信条9.thatallmenarecreatedequal:thatallmenarebornequal,oneoftheself-evidenttruthsmentionedintheDeclarationofIndependence美国独立宣言明白揭示的真理：“人类是生而平等的”。10.(be)engagedina.phr.:(be)occupiedin从事于

171.endurev.:exist;last存续2.aportionofthatfieldn.phr.:apartofthatbattlefield那战场的一部分3.finalresting-placen.phr.:burial-place;cemetery葬地；墓地4.gave(pasttenseofgive)theirlivesv.phr.\sacrificedthemselves;diedfortheircountry牺牲生命；为国捐躯5.inalargersensead.phr.:broadlyspeaking依广义说6.consecratev.:setapartassacred奉为神圣7.hallowv.:regardasholy尊为神圣8.detractv.:reduceindegree减损9.thusfarad.phr.:tothisextent到如此地步10.gave(pasttenseofgive)thelastfullmeasureofdevotion=gavethelast,largestextentofdevoutness鞠躬尽瘁11.ofthepeoplea.phr.:belongingtothepeople民有的12.bythepeoplea.phr.:constitutedbythepeople民治的13.forthepeoplea.phr.:functioningforthewelfareofthepeople民享的14.perishv.:bedestroyedorruined毁灭TheLoveofBeautyTheloveofbeautyisanessentialpartofallhealthy1humannature.Itisamoralquality.Theabsenceofitisnotanassuredground2ofcondemnation3,butthepresenceofitisaninvariablesign4ofgoodnessofheart.Inproportionto5thedegreeinwhichitisfelt,willprobablybethedegreeinwhichnoblenessandbeautyofcharacterwillbeattained.Naturalbeautyisanall-pervadingpresence6.Theuniverse7isitstemple8.Itunfolds9intothenumberless10flowersofspring.Itwavesinthebranchesoftreesandthegreenbladesofgrass11.Ithaunts12thedepths13oftheearthandthesee.Itgleams14fromthehues15oftheshellandtheprecious16one.Andnotonlytheseminute17objects,buttheoceans,themountains,theclouds,theheavens,thestars,therisingandthesettingsun—alloverflow18withbeauty.Thisbeautyissoprecious,andsocongenial19toourtenderest20andnoblestfeelings,thatitispainfultothinkofthemultitudeofpeople21livinginthemidstof22itandyetremainingalmostblindto。'it.Allpersonsshouldseektobecomeacquaintedwith24thebeautyinnature.Thereisnotawormwetreadupon”,noraleafthatdancesmerrilyasitfallsbeforetheautumnwinds,buthasasuperiorclaim26uponourstudyandadmiration.Thepowertoappreciate27beautydoesnotmerelyincreaseoursourcesofhappiness—itenlargesoutmoralnaturetoo.Beautycalmsourrestlessness28anddispels29ourcares.Gointothefieldsorthewoods,spendasummerdaybytheseaorthemountains,andallyourlittleperplexities31andanxieties32vanish33.Listentosweetmusic,andyourfoolishfearsandpetty34jealousies3>passaway36.Thebeautyoftheworldhelpsustoseekandfindthebeautyofgoodness.

18NOTES1.healthya.:sound健全的；完善的2.assuredgroundn.phr.:certainreason一定的理由3.condemnation〃.：blame责难4.invariablesignn.phr.\certainsymbol——定的象征5.inproportiontoprep.phr.:accordingto按照6.anall-pervadingpresencen.phr.:spreadingeverywhere至ll处遍布的7.universen.\thewholeworld全世界8.temple/i.:dwellingplace居处9.unfoldv.:develop;spreadout展开10.numberlessa.:countless无数的11.bladesofgrassn.phr.:leavesofgrass草叶12.hauntv.:visitfrequently常至13.depththedeepestpart深处14.gleamv.:flash闪烁15.huen.:color;tint色；色彩16.preciousv.:beloved珍爱的17.minuteobjectsn.phr.:verysmallthings小物18.overflowv.:befilled充满19.congeniala.:agreeable;suited相投的；合宜的20.tenderesta.:mostsensitive最善感的21.themultitudeofpeoplen.phr.:thegreatnumberofpeople多数人们22.inthemidstofprep,phr.:among在...中23.blindtoa.phr.:incapableofappreciating不知24.acquaintedwitha.phr.:familiarwith和・・•熟悉25.treaduponv.phr.:setone'sfooton践踏26.claimn:demand要求27.appreciatev.:enjoy欣赏28.restlessnessn.:uneasiness不安29.dispelv.:driveaway驱散30.care(s)〃.：worries忧虑31.perplexityn.:puzzle困惑32.anxietyn.:concern;uneasiness焦虑；不安33.vanishv.:disappear消失34.pettya.:narrow-minded心地偏狭的35.jealousyn.\envy嫉妒

191.passawayv.phr.:ceasetoexist化为乌有OldSoldiersNeverDieMr.Presidentknowwarasfewothermennowlivingknowit,andnothingtomeismorerevolting9.Ihave,Mr.Speaker2,anddistinguished3membersoftheCongress:Istandontheisrostum4withasenseofdeephumility5andgreatpride.Iaddressyouwithneitherrancor6norbitterness7inthefadingtwilightoflife8withbutonepurposeinmind—toservemycountry.Mensincethebeginningoftimehavesoughtpeace.Variousmethodsthroughtheageshavebeenattemptedtodevise14aninternationalprocesstopreventorsettledisputesbetweennations.Militaryalliances,balancesofpower,leaguesofnations,allinturn'failed,leavingtheonlypathtobebywayof19thecrucible20ofwar.Oncewarisforceduponus,thereisnootheralternative21thantoapplyeveryavailable22meanstobringittoaswift23end.War飞veryobjectisvictory,notprolongedindecision.24Inwarthereisnosubstitute2>forvictory.IhavejustleftyourfightingsonsinKorea-.TheyhavemetallteststhereandIcanreporttoyouwithoutreservation2thattheyaresplendidineveryway，Itwasmyconstantefforttopreservethemandendthissavageconflict29honorablyandwiththeleastlossoftimeandaminimum30sacrificeoflife.Itsgrowingbloodshed31hascausedmethedeepestanguish32andanxiety3.Thosegallant34menwillremainofteninmythoughts35andinmyprayers36always.Iamclosingmy52yearsofmilitaryservice.WhenIjoinedtheArmy37,evenbeforetheturnofthecentury38,itwasthefulfilment39ofallofmyboyishhopesanddreams40.Theworldhasturnedovermanytimes41sinceItooktheoath42atWestPoint43,andthehopesanddreamshavelongsince44vanished45,butIstillremembertherefrain46ofoneofthemostpopularbarrackballad47ofthatdaywhichproclaimed48mostproudlythat“oldsoldiersneverdie,theyjustfadeaway4".''Andliketheoldsoldierofthatballad,Inowclosemymilitarycareer50andjustfadeaway,anoldsoldierwhotriedtodohisdutyasGodgavehimthelighttoseethatduty.Good-bye.—DouglasMacArthurNOTES1.President/?.:thepresidingofficeroftheSenate.参议I院议长2.Speakern.\thepresidingofficeroftheHouseofRepresentatives.众议院议长3.distinguisheda.:prominent杰出的4.rostrumn.\platform讲台5.humility〃.：humbleness谦虚6.rancor〃.：hatred怨恨7.bitterness〃.：sorrow悲苦8.inthefadingtwilightoflife=inthegraduallydimlightofmylife;inmyoldage在我渐趋暗淡的生命微光中；在我晚年迟暮的时候9.revoltinga.:disgusting令人厌恶的

201.advocatev.:pleadinfavorof主张2.abolitionn.\abolishing废除3.destructivenessn.\destruction破坏性4.foe/?.:enemy敌人5.devisev.:plan;thinkout设计；想出6.militaryalliancen.phr.:nationsalliedmilitarilybyagreementortreaty军事同盟7.balanceofpowern.phr.:theconditioninwhichthereisnocountryorgroupofcountriesmuchstrongerthananothercountryorgroupofcountries势力均衡8.leagueofnationsn.phr.:nationsuniteinaleaguetopromotepeaceandcooperation国际联盟18.inturnad.phr.\oneafteranother先后；相继19.bywayofprep.phr.\through经由20.cruciblen.:trial考验；苦难21.alternativen.:choice抉择22.availablea,:thatcanbeused可用的23.swifta.:quick迅速的24.prolongedindecisionn.phr.:beingunabletodecideforalongtime拖延不决25.substitute〃.：athingusedinsteadofsomethingelse代替物26.Koreann.:acountryinNortheastAsia韩国27.withoutreservationprep.phr.\freelyandfully直言不讳28.splendidineverywayv.phr.:verygoodinallrespects各方面的表现都很好29.savageconflictn.phr,:cruelwar残酷的战争30.minimuma.:leastpossible最少量的31.grow(ing)bloodshedv.phr.:increasinglysheddingofblood;unceasinglykillingofpeople流血日增；杀戮不断32.anguishn.:pain痛苦33.anxiety〃.：worry;uneasiness焦虑；不安34.gallanta.:brave英勇的35.thoughtsn.:care;concern系念36.prayer/?.:praying祈祷37.joinedtheArmyv.phr.:joinedtheAmericanArmy;enlistedintheArmy加入美国陆军；从军入伍38.theturnofthecenturyn.phr.:thecomingofthetwentiethcentury二十世纪至ll来之初39.fulfillmentn.:carryingout;satisfaction实现；满足40.myboyishhopeanddreams=hopeanddreamsinmyboyhood我童年时代的希望和梦想41.hastuiTiedovermanytimesv.phr.:haschangedmanytimes已儿经沧桑42.tooktheoathv.phr,:wassworn宣誓43.WestPointn.:theU.S.MilitaryAcademyatWestPoint西点军校44.longsincead.phr.:longago久已45.vanishv.:disappear;passaway消失

2119.refrainn.\phraserepeatedregularlyinasong覆唱句20.barrackballadn.phr,:militarysong军歌21.proclaimv.:declare;announce宣称22.fadeawayv.phr.:withergradually渐渐凋衰23.militarycareern.phr.:militarylife军旅生涯KeepingPleasantHeisafoolwhocannotbeangry,butheisreallyawisemanwhowillnot1...Thehabitofkeepingpleasantisindeedbetterthananincomeofathousanddollarsayear.Thelifewithoutcheerfulnessisliketheseverewinterwithoutthesun.Wealllovecheerfulcompany2,butweareaptto"forgetthatcheerfulnessisahabitwhichcanbecultivatedbyall.Wefinditverydifficulttobegaywhenweareindistress4.Itrequiresgreatcourage.Weshouldneverforgetthattobecheerfulwhenitisnoteasytobecheerfulshowsgreatness.Thomy5maybeourway,buthowhappyistheconqueror9s6song!Theperfection7ofcheerfulnessconsistsinsthehappyframeofmind9.Itisdisplayed10ingoodtemper11andkindbehavior.Itarisespartlyfrompersonalgoodness12andpartlyfrombeliefinthegoodnessofothers.Itseesthegloryinthegrassandthesunshineontheflower.Itencourageshappythoughts,andlivesinanatmosphere13ofpeace.Itcostsnothing,andyetitisinvaluable14.Itblessesitspossessor15,andaffordsalargemeasureofenjoymenttoothers16.NOTES1.butheisreallyawisemanwhowillnot=butheisreallyawisemanwhowillnotbeangry2.companyv.:companions伴彳吕3.apttoa.phr.\inclinedto;liableto辄欲；易于4.distressn.:trouble;sorrow困苦；忧患5.thornyadj,:fullofthorns多荆棘的6.conqueror〃.：onewhoconquers;victor征服者；胜利者7.perfectionn.:virtue美德8.consistinv.phr.\liein在于9.frameofmindn.phr.:stateofmind;mood心情；心境10.displayv.:show显示11.tempern.\disposition性情12.goodness〃.：kindness;goodbehavior仁慈；善行13.atmosphere〃.：environment环境14.invaluablea.:exceedinglyvaluable;priceless非常宝贵的15.possessorn.:master;owner主人翁;所有者

221.affordsalargemeasureofenjoymenttoothers=givesmuchpleasuretoothers给予他人彳艮多'快乐LibertySomepeoplethinkthatlibertymeansnocontrol—thatafreepersonisonewhocandoashepleases,thatheisnotlikeahorseoranoxinbeingheldback,orpushedforwardorturnedthiswayorthat3.Itlibertymeanslicense4,thechancetodoasyouplease,thenthereisnosuchthingaslibertyinalltheworld.Inastateofanarchy：withnolaws,police,orgovernment,youmaycomeorgo,workorloaf6,stealorkill,butyouhavenorealliberty.Youareinconstantfearthatsomeonemaystopyouorrob7youorevenkillyou.Inasavagelandwheretherearenorulesofanykind,oronalonelyislandwherethereisnoonetoopposeyou,yourlibertiesarealmostalllost;youcandonothingworthwhile8;yourcircle9offreedomisuselessbecauseitissosmall.Ontheotherhand10,one'sopportunitiesaregreatestinsomeplacewheregovernmentisstrongandlawsaremanyandofficersarestrict.Liberty,then,isnotlicense.Licenseistheopportunitytoactregardlessof11otherpeople;libertyistheopportunitytoactinsuchawayasnottointerferewith12theopportunityofothers.Whenlicenseincreases,libertydecreases13.Itis,then,veryimportantthatallpeopleshouldunderstandandvalue14liberty,butfightagainstlicenseandthedisregard15oftherightsofothersastheywouldfightagainstacruelinvader16.—HenryBlairGraybiltNOTES1.pleasev.:wish;like愿；欲2.beingheldbackv.phr.\beingchecked被制止。3.turnthiswayorthat=turnthiswayorthatway.4.license〃.：excessoffreedom放任5.anarchyn.

23ogovernment无政府6.loafv.:spendtimeidly游惰；闲荡7.robv.:takesomethingawayfrombyforceorthreat抢劫8.worthwhilea.phr.:worththetimeorpains,whichitrequires值得9.circlen.:sphere范围10.ontheotherhandad.phr.:toexpressviewpointsfromanotheraspect另一方面说11.regardlessofprep.phr.\givingnoheedto不管；不顾12.interferewithv.phr.:hinder;clashwith妨碍；抵触13.decreasev.:reduce;becomeless减少14.valuev.:thinkhighlyof重视15.disregard〃,：neglect;slight忽视；轻蔑16.invadern.:personwhoentersasanenemy侵入者

24ThriftThrift1isthefoundationofallgreatness二Itisappliednotonlytomoneymatters,buttoeverythingelseinlife-thewiseuseofone'stime,ability,andenergy.Inshort3,thriftisthescientificmanagementofone'smoney,ofone'stime,ofone*saffairs,andofone'sself.Thriftisthebestwordforus.Itmakesfortune4.Ituplifts,character.Itimprovesthequalityoftheindividual6.Theexercise7ofthrifthasaveryhealthfulreaction8uponalltheotherfaculties9.Thehabitofthriftdenotesself-control10.Itisaproofthatamanisnotahopelessvictim11ofhisweakness.Itisaproofthatheisthemasterofhimselfaswellas12ofhisfinances13.Thriftisaneducator14.Athrifty"manthinksandplans.Hehasaprogramme16.Hehasacertainamountofindependence17.Ifyouhavecultivatedthrift,itmeansthatyouhavetheabilitytocontrolyourdesiresandthatyouaredevelopingsomeofthegrandesthumanqualities18—self-reliance19,independence,prudence20,andforesight21.22...23Weknowthatallgreatnationsarefoundedonthrift.TheancientRomanEmpiredegenerated*"andcametoanend21whenitceasedtobethrifty.Yetthriftdoesnotrequiresuperiorcourage.Itneedsnoferventresolution2^,butonlyalittlepatientself-denial26.AndBEGINisitsdevice27!NOTES1.thriftn.:economy;frugality节俭；俭约2.greatnessn.:qualityofbeinggreat伟大3.inshortad.phr.\infewwords简言之；要之4.fortune〃.:agreatdealofmoneyorproperty钱贝才5.upliftv.:improve提高6.individualn.\asingleperson个人7.exercise〃.：practice实行8.healthfulreactionn.phr.\helpfulreaction有助的反应9.facultyn.:ability自自力10.self-controln.\controlexercisedoverone'sself克己11.victimn.:personsacrificed牺牲者12.aswellasconj.phr,:andalso亦13.financesn.\money;privateincome钱财；个人所得14.educatorn.:teacher教师15.thriftya.:economical;frugal节俭的16.programmen.\planofwhatistobedone计戈U17.independencen.:freedomfromthesupport,controlorinfluenceofothers独立；自主18.grandesthumanqualitiesn.phr.:noblestcharacter最高尚的品德19.self-reliancen.\relianceonone'sownpower自恃20.prudence/?.:caution谨慎

251.foresightn.\powertoseeorrealizebeforehand先见2.foundv.:builtup;established建立3.degeneratev.:decline衰颓4.cametoanendv.phr.ifell灭亡5.ferventresolutionn.phr.\intensedetermination非常的决心6.self-denialn.:self-control克己7.devicen.:method方策ATribute1ToTheDogThebestfriendamanhasintheworldmayturnagainst2himandbecomehisenemy.Hissonordaughterthathehasreared3withlovingcaremayproveungrateful4.Thosewhoarenearestanddearesttous,thosewhomwetrustwithourhappinessandourgoodname5,maybecometraitorstotheirfaith6.Themoneythatamanhashemaylose..Itfliesawayfromhim,perhapswhenheneedsitmost.Aman'sreputationmaybesacrificedinamomentofill-consideredaction.Thepeoplewhoarepronetofallontheirknees9todoushonor10whensuccessiswithusmaybethefirsttothrowthestoneofmalice11whenfailuresettlesitsclouduponourheads".Theoneabsolutelyunselfishfriendthatmancanhaveinthisselfishworld,theonethatneverdeserts1'him,theonethatneverprovesungratefulortreacherous14,ishisdog.Aman'sdogstandsby15himinprosperity16andinpoverty,inhealthandinsickness.Hewillsleeponthecoldground,wherethewintrywindsblowandthesnowdrivesfiercely,ifonlyhemaybenearhismaster'sside.Hewillkissthehandthathasnofoodtooffer;hewilllick18thewoundsandsoresthatcomefromencounterwiththeroughnessoftheworld.Heguardsthesleepofhispaupermaster22asifhewereaprince.Whenallotherfriendsdesert23,heremains.Whenrichestakewings24andreputationfallstopieces25,heisasconstantinhisloveasthesuninitsjourneys26throughtheheavens.Iffortunedrivesthemasterforth,anoutcasr7intheworld,friendlessandhomeless,thefaithfuldogasksnohigherprivilege28thanthatofaccompanyinghim,toguardhimagainst29danger,tofightagainsthisenemies.Andwhenthelastsceneofall30comes,anddeathtakesthemasterinitsembrace,andhisbodyislaidawayinthecoldground,nomatterifallotherfriendspursuetheirway34,therebythegravewillthenobledogbefound,hisheadbetweenhispaws,hiseyessadbutopeninalertwatchfulness35,faithfulandtrueevenindeath.—GeorgeGrahamVestNOTES1.tributen.:phrase赞颂2.turnagainstv.phr.:appose;becomehostileto反对;仇视。3.rearv.:bringup教养；养育4.ungratefula,:notthankfulforfavors忘恩负义的5.goodnamen.phr.:highreputation好名声6.becometraitorstotheirfaithv.phr.:betraytheirtrust背信7.ill-considereda.:unwise;notwellconsidered不智的；思虑不周的

261.pronetoa.phr.:incliedto;aptto性好；易于2.fallontheirkneesv.phr,:kneeldown跪下3.doushonorv.phr.:treatuswithrespect尊敬我们4.throwthestoneofmalicev.phr.:doharmtoaperson,especiallyinthedark投井下石；恶意中伤5.whenfailuresettlesitscloudsuponourheads=whenweareinadversity当我们在患难时6.desertv.:abandon;forsake离弃7.treacherousa,:disloyal;traitorous不忠的；背叛的8.standbyv.phr,:love;support爱戴；扶助9.prosperity〃.：wealth富裕10.wintrywindsn,phr.:coldwinds寒风11.lickv.:passthetongueover舔12.soren,:painfulspot痛处13.encountern.\combat;meeting抵挡；相遇14.roughnessn.:rudenessofbehavior粗暴行为15.paupermastern.phr.:poormaster穷主人16.desertv.:goaway离去17.whenrichestakewings=whenrichesflyaway当财去时18.reputationfallstopieces=reputationisruined名誉一败涂地19.journey/?.:atripfromoneplacetoanother旅程20.outcastn.tonewhoiscastout;anexile被弃者；流浪者21.privilegen.\specialrightenjoyedbyaperson特权22.guardagainstv.phr.\protestagainst防备23.thelastsceneofalln.phr.:thelastsceneofone'slife;death人生的最后一幕；死24.deathtakesthemasterinitsembrace=themasterisdead死神将主人抱在怀中，意即主人死了25.laidaway(pasttenseoflay)v.phr.:buried埋葬26.nomatterifconj.phr.:itmakesnodifferenceif不论是否27.pursuetheirwayv.phr.:goaway离去28.alertwatchfulnessv.phr.:vigilance警醒；慎防TheDelightsOfBooksBooksaretomankindwhatmemoryistotheindividual.Theycontainthehistoryofourrace,thediscoverieswehavemade,theaccumulated1knowledgeandexperienceofages;theypicture2forusthemarvels3andbeautiesofnature;helpusinourdifficulties,comfortusinsorrowandinsuffering,changehoursofwearinessintomomentsofdelight,store4ourmindswithideas,fillthemwithgoodandhappythoughts,andliftusoutofandaboveourselves5.Whenwereadwemaynotonlybekingsandliveinpalaces,but,whatisfarbetter,wemaytransportourselvesto6themountainsortheseashore,andvisitthemostbeautifulpartsoftheearth,withoutfatigue,inconvenience,or

27expense7.Preciousandpricelessaretheblessingswhichthebooksscatteraroundourdailypaths8.Wewalk,inimagination,withthenoblestspirits9,throughthemostsublimeandenchantingregions10.Macaulay11hadwealthandfame,rankandpower,andyethetellsusinhisbiographythatheowedthehappiesthoursofhislifeto12books.Inacharminglettertoalittlegirl,hesays:"Ifanyonewouldmakemethegreatestkingthateverlived,withpalacesandgardensandfinedinners,andwinesandcoaches,andbeautifulclothes,andhundredsofservants,onconditionthat13Ishouldnotreadbooks,Iwouldnotbeaking.Iwouldratherbeapoormaninagarret14withplentyof15booksthan16akingwhodidnotlovereading.H—JohnLubbockNOTES1.accumulateda.:collected累积的2.picturev.:describe描述3.marvels几：wonders奇观4.storev.:stock;furnish储存5.liftusoutofandaboveourselves=makeusbettermen提高我们使超凡入圣6.transportourselvestov.phr.:carryourselvesto将我们自身带往7.withoutfatique,inconvenience,orexpenseprep,phr.:withoutweariness,trouble,orcharge不感疲倦不便或糜费。8.Preciousandpricelessaretheblessingswhichbooksscatteraroundourdailypaths=Theblessingwhichbooksscatteraroundourdailypathsarepreciousandpriceless,(invertedsentence)9.thenoblestspirits=thehighestsouls,herereferringtothoseancientsagesandeminentliterateswhohadenlightenedus最高尚的灵魂，此处指着书立说启迪我人的诸古圣贤及文学家10.themostsublimeandenchantingregions=thenoblestandmostbeautifulplaces书中最高尚而优美醉人的境界11.Macaulay:Thomas'BabingtonMacaulay(1800-1859),anotedEnglishhistorianandstatesman麦考莱，英国著名历史家兼政治家12.owed...tov.phr.:beobligedto得之于；归功于13.onconditionthatconj.phr.tprovidedthat;if彳尚若14.garretn.\roomontopfloor阁楼15.plentyofa.phr,:many许多的16.wouldrather...thanconj.phr,:prefer...to宁愿…而不愿…Democracy"Democracy1ismorethan2liberty.Itis^esponsibility.^^Thepeopleofthiscountryhaveanunquestioned3faithindemocracy.Yetintoomanyinstances4,itisablind,irrational5,acquiredfaithwhichfailsto6recognize7theessentialcharacteristics8ofdemocracy.Inanarrowandyetprevailing9sense,democracyis“theruleofthemajority.1(b,Inabroaderandyetmoreprecise11sense,itis“thatorderintheorganizationofsocietybasedupon1*-respectfortheindividualsothateachmay

28putforth1'hisutmosteffort."Inotherwords14,democracyisasituationinwhichthereisequity"ofopportunityplusunity16.Individualfreedomisemphasized17,butatthesametimetheremustbesocializationofmind18.Wemayputsomemodifiers19beforetheworddemocracysoastoproducesuchtermsaspoliticaldemocracy,socialdemocracy,andeconomicdemocracy.Butthedominantfeatures20arecommontoall.Thetheoretical21basisofallofthemisthedoctrine22ofpopularsovereignty23;thepracticalvalueofallofthemliesinthesalvation^'ofthewholepeoplefromthecalamityofthedespotism-ofthefew;andthefinalobjectsofallofthemarejusticeandhappiness."Justice,becausenomanorclasswillbestrongenoughtowrong28others;happiness,becauseeachmanjudgingwhatisbestforhisowngood^9,willhaveachancetopursue30it/*NOTES1.democracyn.igovernmentbythepeople民主2.morethanconj.phr.:moresignificantthan其意义尤甚于3.unquestionedadj.:certain确实的4.instancen.\example;case实例5.irrationala.:unreasonable无理性的6.failtov.phr.:beunableto不能7.recognizev.:know认识8.essentialcharacteristicsn.phr.:mainqualities主要的特性9.prevailinga:popular;common流行的；普遍的10.theruleofmajorityn.phr.:obeyingthelargenumberofpeople服从多数11.precisea.:exact;accurate精确的；正确的12.(be)basedupona.phr.:(be)foundedon基于13.putforthv.phr.:exert尽力14.inotherwordsad.phr.:thatistosay换句话说15.equityn.:fairness公平16.unityn.:agreement一致17.emphasizev.:stress注重；强调18.socializationofmindn.phr.:cultivationofsocialspirit社交精神的培养19.modifiern,:adjectiveoradverb修饰词20.dominantfeaturesn.phr,:mostimportantcharacteristics最重要的特性21.theoreticala,:basedontheory理论的22.doctrinen.:principle;belief学理；信念23.popularsovereigntyn.phr.:supremepowerofthepeople人民的主权。24.lieinv.phr.:consistin在于25.salvationn.:saving;delivering救助；解救26.calamityn.:misfortune;disaster不幸；灾难27.despotismn.\tyranny专制；暴政28.wrongv.:treatunfairly虐待29.goodn.:benefit;welfare利益；幸福

291.pursuev.:trytoget追求PerseveranceNapoleon1declared2,44Victorybelongstothemostpersevering。.“Uponcarefulstudy4wefindperseverancedependsuponthreethings-purpose,will,andenthusiasm5.Hewhohasapurposeisalwaysconcentrating6hisforces.Bythewill,thehopeandtheplanarepreventedfromevaporatingintodreams'."Enthusiasmkeepstheinterestup8,andmakestheobstaclesseemsmall.Lifeisinasense9abattle.Themanwhothinkstogeton10bymeresmartness"andbyidling12meetsfailureatlast.Perseveranceisthemasterimpulse13ofthefirmestsouls,andholdsthekeytothosetreasure-houses14ofknowledgefromwhichtheworldhasdrawnitswealthbothofwisdomandofmoralworth.Greatmenneverwaitforopportunities;theymakethem.Theyseizeupon15whateverisathand16,workout17theirproblem,andmaster1sthesituation.Thegreatestthingamancandointhisworldistomakethemostpossibleoutof19thestuff20thathasbeengiventohim.Thisissuccessandthereisno

30other.Oneoftheimportantlessonsoflifeistolearnhowtogetvictoryoutofdefeat.Ittakescourageandstamina21,whenmortified22byhumiliatingdisaster3,toseekintheruinstheelementsoffutureconquest.Yetthismeasures24thedifferencebetweenthosewhosucceedandthosewhofail.Wecannotmeasureamanbyhisfailures.Wemustknowwhatusehemakesofthem.Themanwhohasnotfoughthiswayupward-anddoesnotbearthescarofdesperateconflictdoesnotknowthehighestmeaningofsuccess.NOTESi.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.Napoleon:NapoleonBonaparte(1769-1821),Frenchgeneralandemperor(1804-1815)拿破仑，法国皇帝declarev.:sayemphatically确说；断言themostperseveringa.phr.:thepersonofmostwonderfulperseverance最有毅力的人uponcarefulstudyprep.phr.:asaresultofcarefulstudy根据仔细的研究enthusiasmn.:zeal热诚concentratev.:bringtogether;focus集中preventedfromevaporatingintodreamsv.phr.:nottobeturnedintodreams不致化为梦幻keepstheinterestupv.phr.:maintainstheinterestinasensead.phr.:inacertainsense;sotospeakgetonv.phr.:prosper;succeed发达；成功smartnessn.\cleverness聪明；伶俐idling(idle)v.:becomingidle怠惰；闲散masterimpulse〃.phr.:chiefpush主要的奋力treasure-housen.:treasury宝库seizeuponv.phr.\grasp把握athandprep.phr,:closeby靠近的workoutv.phr.\solve解决masterv.:control;conquer致胜outofprep.phr.\from从.••之中stuffn.:material材料staminan.\endurance忍耐mortifiedtz.:humiliated屈辱的；贬抑的humiliatingdisastern.phr.\humblingmisfortunemeasurev.:estimate;judge估量；羽J断fighthiswayupwardv.phr.\advancebystrugglesscarn.:wound仓ll伤保持兴趣就某种意义说；可这样说令人自卑的灾祸奋斗而进desperateconflictn.phr.:hopelessstruggle绝望的挣扎TheBestPatriotismThegerm1ofthebestpatriotismisinthelovethatamanhasforthehomeheinhabits,forthesoilhetills2,forthetreesthatgivehimshade,andthehillsthatstandinhispathway3.Iteachmysonto

31loveGeorgia-tolovethesoilthathestandson-thebroadacresthatholdhersubstance,thedimplingvalleys7inwhichherbeautyrests,theforeststhatsinghersongsoflullaby8andofpraise,andthebrooksthatrunwithherripplinglaughter9.Theloveofhome—deep-rooted1°andabiding11—lodged12intheheartofthecitizen,isthesavingprinciple13ofourgovernment.Thisloveshallnotbepentup14orprovincial15.Thehomeshouldbeconsecrated16tohumanity,andfromitsrooftree17shouldflytheflagoftheRepublic.Everysimplefruitgatheredthere,everysacrificeendured,andeveryvictorywon,shouldbringbetterjoyandinspiration18intheknowledgethat19itwilldeepenthegloryofourRepublicandwidentheharvestofhumanity.Exalt20thecitizen.Asthestateistheunitofthegovernment,heistheunitofthestate.Teachhimthathishomeishiscastle,andhissovereigntyrestsbeneathhishat21.Makehimself-respecting22,self-reliant",andresponsible.Lethimleanon~thestatefornothingthathisownarmcando,andonthegovernmentfornothingthathisstatecando.Lethimcultivateindependencetothepointofsacrifice,andlearnthathumblethingswithunbutteredliberty25arebetterthansplendors26boughtwithitsprice.Lethimneithersurrenderhisindividualitytogovernment27normergeitwiththemob28.Lethimeverstanduprightandfearless29,afreemanbornof30freemen,sturdy31inhisownstrength,doweringhisfamilyinthesweatofhisbrow32,lovingtohisstate,loyaltohisRepublic,earnestinhisallegiance33whereveritrests.—HenryW.GradyNOTES1.germ〃.：origin;source渊源；根源2.tillv.:cultivate;plow耕种3.pathwayn.\path小径；小路4.Georgian.\astateoftheUnitedStates,alsothewriter,nativeplace美国乔治亚洲，本文作者之家乡5.standon:setfooton立足6.substancen.\products产物7.dimplingvalleys:hollowvalleysasdimples浅笑的山谷8.lullabyn.:asoft,gentlesongforlullingababytosleep催眠歌9.ripplinglaughter:ripplesasthesoundoflaughing以潺潺的溪水声喻为起落不定的笑声10.deep-rootedadj,:firmlyimplanted根深蒂固的11.abidingp.a..:lasting;steadfast持久的；不变的12.lodgedp.a..:kept;remained深藏；长留13.savingprinciple:relianceforsurvival备患图存的凭借14.bepentup:beconfined被禁于一隅15.provincialadj.:local;narrow地域的；偏狭的16.consecratev.:delicate奉献17.rooftreen.:theridgepoleofaroof屋顶18.inspirationn.\encouragement鼓舞；激励19.intheknowledgethat:whenoneknowsthat在知道・・・

321.exaltv.:praise赞扬2.hissovereigntyrestsbeneathhishat:hissupremepowerrestsonhimself统治权就在他自己身上。3.self-respectingadj.:showingself-respect自尊的4.self-reliantadj.:relyinguponhimself自靠的5.leanon:dependupon依靠6.unbarteredliberty:libertythatcannotbetraded不可买卖的自由7.splendorn.:glory荣华8.surrenderhisindividualitytogovernment:beentirelysubjecttogovernment事事听从于政府。9.mergeitwiththemob:gowiththecrowd与群众同流合污10.standuprightandfearless:behonestandundaunted正直无畏11.bornof:sprungfrom为…所生12.sturdyadj.:strong;firm强健的；坚强的13.doweringhisfamilyinthesweatofhisbrow:supportinghisfamilywithhishardlabor以辛劳所得供养他的家庭。14.allegiance//.:loyalty,submission忠顺TheWarforDemocracyTheworldmustbemadesafefordemocracy1.Itspeacemustbeplanteduponthetestedfoundationsofpoliticalliberty.Wehavenoselfishendstoserve.Wedesirenoconquest2,nodominion3.Weseeknoindemnities4forourselves,nomaterialcompensation5forthesacrificesweshallfreely6make.Weshallbesatisfiedwhenthoserightshavebeenmadeassecureasthefaithandthefreedomofnationscanmakethem.Thereare,itmaybe,manymonthsoffierytrial7andsacrificeaheadof8us.Itisafearful9thingtoleadthisgreatpeacefulpeopleintowar,intothemostterribleanddisastrous10ofallwars,civilizationitselfseemingtobeinthebalance1LButtherightismorepreciousthanpeace,andweshallfightforthethingswhichwehavealwayscarriednearestourhearts—fordemocracy,fortherightofthosewhosubmittoauthority~tohaveavoiceintheirowngovernments,fortherightsandlibertiesofsmallnations,forauniversal14dominionofrightbysuchaconcert15offreepeoples,asshallbringpeaceandsafetytoallnationsandmaketheworlditselfatlastfree.Tosuchataskwecandedicate16ourlivesandourfortunes,everythingthatweareandeverythingthatwehave,withtheprideofthosewhoknowthatthedayhascomewhenAmericaisprivileged19tospendherbloodandhermightfortheprinciplesthatgaveherbirthandhappinessandthepeacewhichshehastreasured^.Godhelpingher,shecandonoother.—WoodrowWilsonNOTES1.democracy〃.：governmentbythepeople.民主。2.conquestn.：subjugationbyforce.征月艮。3.dominionn.:powertorule.统治权。4.indemnitiesn.:moneypaidtoavictorinwar.赔款。

331.compensation〃.：somethinggiventomakeupforlossorinjury.赔偿。2.freely:generously.慷慨地。3.fierytrial:severetest.严酷的考验。4.aheadof:before.在…面前。5.fearfuladj,:dreadful.可怕的。6.disastrousadj.:calamitous.多灾难的；不幸的。7.inthebalance:atstake.滨于危险。8.authorityn..:governmentoffice.当局。9.voice:rightofexpressingone'sopinion.发言权10.universaladj.:ofall.普遍的。11.concertn,:agreement.一致。12.dedicatev.:devote.献身。13.fortunes:properties.财产。14.pride:glory.荣耀。15.privilegedp.a.:highlyhonored.很荣幸的。16.treasurev.:valuehighly.珍视。longadvocated10itscompleteabolition11,asitsverydestructiveness12onbothfriendandfoe13hasrenderedituselessasameansofsettlinginternationaldisputes.