BEC中高级写作精华

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第一讲BEC写作概述BEC写作简介:写作考试共进行45分钟,占总成绩的25%,小作文占10分,大作文占20分。1、写作目的与要求Canmakenotesthatareusefultobothhim/herselfandtocolleagues.Canwritemostlettershe/sheis1ikelytobeaskedtodo;sucherrorsasoccurwi11notpreventunderstandingofthemessage.Canwriteasimplereport.2、测试题型分析题型:商务便条类;商务便函类;商务书信类;商务报告类3、BEC写作评分标准注意:content;accuracy;conciseness第二讲BEC写作的语言、语法、组织和文体

1第二部分18或20分14或16分10或12分第二讲BEC写作的语言、语法、组织和文体第一节BEC作文评分标准级第别ー部分5全部完成答题要求•所有内容点都已包括在内并在答题要求允许的情况下加以发挥°式•语言规范、自然;错误最少,均属小错。;:乂•多样化的语言结构和丰富的词汇量。豐•组织效果好,注意前后呼应。力•语域和格式完全适当。给读者的印象极佳。4较好的完成答题要求•所有内容点都处理得不错。•大体准确;运用复杂语言时有错误。时•结构合理,用词准确。;ぐ•大体上组织较好,注意逻辑关系。力•语域和格式总体来说适当。给读者的印象良好。3尚能达到答题要求•所有的主要内容点已包括进去,遗漏了一些次要的内容。•出现ー些错误,但不妨碍交流。5或•结构和词汇掌握范围适度。6分•组织和安排总的来说令人满意。•语域和格式尚可,虽然并不完全成功。给读者的印象较好。2不能完全达到答题要求•遗漏了一些主要的内容点或者处理得不充分,可能有些不切题。•有时错误影响清楚交流,错误较多,使读者感到迷3或惑。4分•结构、词汇掌握范围有限。•内容条理不清、不连贯,造成理解困难。•语域和格式不适当。给读者的印象不佳。

21未能达到答题要求•显著的内容遗漏或大量内容不相关,可能由于误解题目要求。•严重不规范,经常出现基本错误。1或2或•题目要求的结构和词汇几乎没有提到。2分4分•缺乏组织,造成交流失败。•几乎没有使用适当的语域和格式。给读者的印象极差。0什么要求也没达到。字数少于所需字数的25%,或是完全不能辨认或是完全不切题。万万评分五个方面:structure&contentlanguagevocabularyorganization第二节商务英语写作的一般特点与基本要求I,内容的完整性11.语言:6c原则12准确(correctness)(1)恰当的语言风格(2)准确的措词和信息(3)正确的语法和标点符号(4)正确的拼写13清楚(Clarity)(1)逻辑布局(logicalorganization)常用的逻辑布局方法包括:因果关系时间顺序序列顺序一般到特殊特殊到ー般(2)合理构架句群与段落(wel1-writtensentences¶graphs)合理安排句子和段落的结构与长度,把各种长短句、简单句复杂句组合成长度适中的段落。(3)统一性与一致性(unity&coherence)每ー个段落都要围绕ー个论点从不同方面进行论证。而每ー个段落中都要有一个主题句,其它句子都围绕它进行论证。句与句,段与段都

3要前后呼应,首位连贯。(4)强调(Emphasis)①位置:重要内容放句首。②重复:简单地重复表达某一部分。③数量:利用较多篇幅讨论某一观点。④技巧:大写、加下划线等技巧⑸避免在同一个句子中使用意义不同的同一个字。3.简洁(Conciseness)(1)使用简洁的语言(2)少用陈词滥调(3)免冗长的表达方式和不必要的重复(4)删改无关紧要的成份(5)多使用主动语态的句子结构以明确表达意思。4.具体(Concreteness)尽可能将agreatdealoftime,bad,large,good,sma11,around,old,convenient,young,little,majority,minority,most,less量化(1)尽可能地提供明确、具体的信息。(2)使用具体词汇5.完整(Completeness)6.礼貌(Courtesy)(1)使用礼貌友好的词汇(2)采用体谅对方的写作态度(3)措辞得体,避免采用消极性的词汇或句式(4)避免使用有性别歧视之嫌的词语(5)及时答复III.结构:注意连贯和衔接1.连贯(coherence)常见连接词有:表示罗列增加First/Firstofall/Aboveal1/Tobeginwith,Besides/What'smore/Inaddition/Furthermore/Moreover/Additionally,Finally/Lastbutnotleast,Foronething...foranother...,On(the)onehand...ontheotherhand,Especially/Inparticular,表示时间顺序now,atpresent,recently,

4after,afterwards,afterthat,afterawhile,inafewdays,atfirst,inthebeginning,tobeginwith,later,next,fina1ly,immediately,soon,suddenly,a11ofasudden,atthatmoment,assoonas,themomentformnowon,fromthenon,atthesametime,meanwhile,till,not...unti1,before,after,when,while,asduring,表示解释说明now,inaddition,forexample,forinstance,inthiscase,moreover,furthermore,infact,actually表示转折关系but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,incontrast,despite,inspiteof,eventhough,except(for),instead,ofcourse,afterall,表示并列关系or,and,also,too,notonly...butalso,aswel1as,both...and,either...or,neither...nor表示因果关系because,becauseof,since,nowthat,as,thanksto...,dueto...,therefore,asaresult(of),otherwise,so...that,such...that表示条件关系as(so)longas,onconditionthat,if,unless表示让步关系though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,whether...or...,however,whoever,whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,nomatterhow(who,what,which,where,when,whom)表示举例forexample,forinstance,suchas...,take...forexample表示比较besimilarto,similarly,thesameas,incontrast,comparedwith(to)...just1ike,justas,表示目的forthisreason,,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto,表示强调indeed,infact,surely,certainly,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,obviously,aboveal1,表示概括归纳inaword,inshort,inbrief,onthewhole,genera1lyspeaking,inmyopinion,asfarasIknow,Aswea11know,ashasbeenstated,asIhaveshown,finally,at

5last,insummary,inconclusion,1.衔接(cohesion)返指(referringback)例如:A.Davisopenedadoor."Hereisyourroom.Iamafraiditisabituntidy."Hepickedadirtyhandkerchiefoffthefloorandstuffeditinadrawer.B.Thekeepercamelopingsoftlyupthelanewiththedogpaddingathisheelsandwewatchedthemthroughthehedgeastheywentby.第三节商务英语写作的文体风格关于文体,还应该注意:注意自己在题目中的身份从来不要用And引导ー个句子。不需要括号不要缩写不要引用イ、要one-wordsentence.不要使用口语谚语、不要使用比喻不要使用修辞性的句子。

6第三讲商务便函I.商务便函的内容与特点商务便函（memorandum,简写Memo）是同一商业组织内部广泛使用的书面联系方式。它可以在同事之间、上下级之间、部门与部门之间使用。商务便函的内容通常包括:传达指示、发布通知、任命职务、了解情况、要求合作、汇报工作、提出建议、发表看法、探讨问题或节日安排等。注:凡是与公司外部进行正式的商务联系,必须用正规的商务书信。II.商务便函的结构与格式一般公司企业往往都印有按照自己公司风格的商业便函。虽然排列格式不一,但基本组成部分是ー样的。请看下面的例子:InterofficeMemoTo:（收信人）From:（发信人）Date:（日期）Subject:（事由）Message:（正又）商务便函一般由以下几个部分组成:①MemoMemo是Memorandum缩写,因此也可以用Memorandum,此外还有Interna1Memorandum和InterofficeMemorandum,其意思都是ー样的。②To这ー标题后面应写收信人的姓名与职衔,姓名前可以用尊称或不用。如:To：Mr.JohnSmith,SalesManager③From这ー标题后应写发信人的姓名与职衔：职衔可根据需要决定写或不写,但姓名前不要用尊称。如:From:JohnSmith,GeneralManager④Date日期的写法同书信里日期写法的要求完全一样,不要用数字来表示月份。⑤Subject这ー标题后是写事由的,即用ー个或几个词汇简单概括便函的内容,以便查阅。事由必须简洁明了,不要用完整的句子,如:ChangesinTravelAdvanceFormPromotionofStaffVacationSchedule

7ParticipationinTrainingProgrammes③Message正文常常不需要注明这ー标题。正文与一般书信有所不同,可长可短,往往使用简短地句子和段落。有时只有一句话,有时有好几个段落。为了使阅读者一目了然,各段前还可以写上序号。便函的内容虽然丰富,但它不像商务书信那样讲究措辞,那样注意开头与结尾的表达,只要意思表示清楚即可。⑦除了上述6个部分,商务便函还可以根据实际需要在末尾增加发信人的姓名首字母、附件、副本抄送等。SCHOOL~0FENGLISHFORBUSINESSMEMORANDUMTo:Mr.Kingswick,CourseCoordinatorFrom:BarnsbyCampbelDate:19November,1995Subject:LessonPlanfor28NovemberLectureTo:Mr.Kingswick,CourseCoordinatorFrom:BarnsbyCampbelDate:19November,1995Subject:LessonPlanfor28NovemberLectureIintendtoteachmemowritinginmynextlecture.Iplantocoverthefollowing1.InsideAddressThisisomittedinplans:amemo.Asinternalcommunicationthereasonisobvious.2.GreetingItismerepolite'toputMr.,Mrs.orMsbeforeandtheofficeafterthenameoftherecipientYoumaysometimesaddressthereadersasagroup.3.Subject

8Thisisaphrasetotel1thereaderwhatthememoisabout.SometimesonlythephraseisgivenwithoutthewordSubjectbeforeit.4.BodyTheseshouldbeshort,lessthan101ines,andconcentrateononlyoneparagraphoneideaeach:Sometimesformemoswiththreeormoreparagraphs,itisadvisabletobegineachwithaheadingincapitalletterstotel1whattheparagraphisabout.Anotherpracticeisnumberingtheparagraphsforeasyreferencelateron.5.CarboncopyThisiswrittenasc.c.forshort.Asinaletter,itliststhepersonswhoarealsoreceivingthememo.6.SignatureOnlytheinitialisneeded,Theofficeandnameinprintofthewriterareomitted.Inmorecasua1memosthereisnosignatureata11.Anythoughtonmynotes?Anythingtoadd?Letmeknowatteabreak.c.c.Mr.P.L.Ducke,TrainingOfficerIII.商务便函写作的基本要求•倾向于用非正式的、口语化的语言。但给上级的便函语言要正规些。•内容可长可短,但必须紧扣主题,切忌在一封便函中讨论几个不通的话题。•用数码标明段落。层次、问题或用表格等形式有助于那人的清晰明了。•常常在ー开头将写作目的和盘托出,中间就开头提及的事情进行详细阐述,结尾往往提出要求或征求意见。IV.商务便函分类范例1.告知信息类tell/notify/mention/express/inform/explain/note/report/adviseIamwritingtotel1/informyouthatIamwritingtoexplain....(tel1yourbosswhyyoucannotattend)Iamwritingtoexpress(myregret)例题2：Youarethetrainingmanagerofacompanywhichhaswonalargeexportorder.Youhavebeenaskedtoorganiseforeignlanguagetrainingforsomeofyourstaff.

9Writeamemoof40-50wordstostaff:explainingwhythecoursesarenecessarysayingwhichmembersofstaffshouldattendannouncingwhenthecourseswi11start【范文】InternalMemorandumTo:Al1StaffDate:1March2005From:theTrainingManagerSubject:ForeignLanguageTrainingCourseIwasaskedtoorganiseaforeignlanguagetrainingcoursebecauseofthelargeexportorderwereceivedrecently.11wi11starton15Marchandwi11last2weeks.Thosewhowi11dealwithordersshouldattendthiscourse.2.布置安排类例题:YouareHeadofResearchforaninternaliona1carmanufacturer.YouhavetomakeanurgenttriptomorrowtovisitPierreBlanco,acolleaguewhoworksforasubsidiary.Writeamemoof40-50wordstoyoursecretary:tel1ingherwhoyouaregoingtoseeandwhenaskinghertobookflightticketsandaccommodationtellingherwhatworkyouwould1ikehertodoinyourabsence.相关词汇:subsidiary,parentcompany,holdingcompany,affiliate,branch,headquarters,representativeoffice【范文】MemorandumTo:Date:From:Subject:IneedtohaveanurgentmeetingwithPierreBlancoofourParisofficetomorrow.PleasebookareturntickettoParisandahotelroomformeassoonaspossible.Duringmyabsence,pleasekeepmeinformedoftheprogressoftheproject.Ifthereisanythingurgent,givemeaphonecall.3.征求意见类例题:YouareaProjectTeamLeader.Youhavehadtopostponeyournextprojectmeetingbecausesomeofthemembersofyourteamwi11beabroad.Writeamemoof40-50wordstoyourprojectteam:

10informingthemofthepostponingandgivingthereasonstatinganewdateandtimeforthemeetingrequestingsuggestionsfortheagenda.相关词汇:postpone;delayagenda,schedule,timetable［范文］MemorandumTo:Date:From:Subject:Iamwritingtoinformyouthatthenextprojectmeetingwi11bepostponed.Becauseseveralteammemberswi11beabroadforanotherproject,wewi11holdournextmeetingon1August,startingfrom9am.Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanysuggestionsastotheagendaofthemeeting.最后一句话可以替换为:Doyouhaveanysuggestionsregardingtheschedule?Iwelcomeyoursuggestionsconcerningthetimetable.4«求助申请类Youhavelostyourcalculator,andyouwanttoorderanewone.Youneedtomakeawrittenrequesttoyoursupervisor,AnnRay.Writeamemoof40-50wordstohersayingthatyouneedareplacementexplainingwhathappenedtotheoldoneaskinghertoapprovetherequest【范文】MemorandumTo:Date:From:Subject:Iamwritingtoapplyforareplacementcalculator.Ifoundtheoldonemissingaftertheclientmeetingyesterday.Asacalculatorisessentialtomydailywork,couldyoukindlyapprovethisrequest?

11第四讲商务便条I.商务便条的内容与特点商务便条则是一种最简易的非正式的书面联系形式,其内容多是当天或近日内要办的事。便条的形式简单,所用语言更加口语化,往往寥寥数语,直接告知对方某件事情或要求对方做什么。商务便条多用于同事之间,语气没有商务便函正式。通常在无法当面通知或电话联系的情况下使用。常见内容有:临时通知、请求、询问。留言、转述电话留言等。II.商务便函的结构与格式商务便条一般有四个组成部分:日期、称呼、正文、签名。ー些公司有印好的便条笺。如:MessageTo:Date:Message:商务便条的称呼比较随便,可直呼其名,如:Mary,Tom,也不用结尾敬语。但在较为正式的场合,如写请假条给上司,最好用敬语,如：DearMr.Smitho签名写在右下方,只写名字,不写信,有时也用姓名缩写。商务便条的格式不规范,那人尽可能简单。一段话或一句话,甚至不用完整的句子,只要把意思表达清楚就可以了。便条的文字通俗而口语化。一般可省去“I”的自称和系动词。例1:请假ThursdayTo:Mr.SlaterIamsorrytotellyouthatIwon'tbeabletogototheofficetodayduetoasuddendizziness.SoIhavetoaskforaday'ssickleave.SusanDulles

12例2:让秘书通知推迟约会9a.m.MissWang,I'vegotanurgentmeetingtoday.Pleasecontacttheapplicantstopostponetheinterviewstillfurthernotice.DS例3:安排工作To:Mr.RichardsonMessage:PleasesendalettertoNavesLimoninC.R.Findout:Aretheysatisfieswiththeorder?Canweprovideanyafter-salesadvice?Encouragerepeatorder.III.商务便条写作的基本要求倾向于用非正式的、口语化的语言。但给上级的便函语言要正规些。内容可长可短,但必须紧扣主题,切忌在一封便函中讨论几个不通的话题。用数码标明段落。层次、问题或用表格等形式有助于那人的清晰明了。常常在ー开头将写作目的和盘托出,中间就开头提及的事情进行详细阐述,结尾往往提出要求或征求意见。IV.商务便条范例例题:Youwouldliketogotoaseminaronpresentationskills.Writeanemai1of40-50wordstoyour1inemanager:requestingtimeoffworktogototheseminarsayingwhentheseminarisexplainingwhyyouwanttogo相关词汇:1ineandstaffmanagement,1inemanager,staffmanager句型:MayIhaveyourpermissiontodostho?To:NickJohnsonSubject:PresentationSkillsSeminarIwould1iketoattendaseminaron3Apri1.11isaboutpresentationskills.SinceIhavetomakemanypresentationstocustomers,thisseminarwi11beveryuseful.Couldyoutel1meifit'spossibletotaketimeoffworktoattendthisseminar?Thanks

13Angela例题:推荐建议类Yourcompany'sSalesDepartmenthasaskedyoutogiveatalknextFridayonyourmostrecentproject.Writeanemai1toMrs.JayintheSalesDepartment:agreeingtogivethetalkandsuggestingatimesayingwhatequipmentyouwi11needrequestinginformationabouttheparticipants.To:AnnaJaySubject:TalkNextFridayIwould1iketogivethetalksuggestedbyyouandIthink9.30am,afterthebreak,wouldbetheperfecttime.Requiredequipment:—OverheadProject一FlipchartwithPensPleasegivemesomeinformationaboutthepeopleparticipating.Renate

14第五讲商务信函写作第一节商务信函的内容与格式I.商务信函的内容商务信函是企业对外进行联系的书面手段。商务信函涵盖广泛,种类繁多,主要包括推销函、讯价函、报价函、订货函、催款函、投诉函、索赔函、邀请函、道歉函、致谢函、申请函、应征函等。II.商务信函的组成部分商务信函一般由7个部分组成。下面依次介绍:1.信头(letterhead)大多数公司一般都有用印有信头的特制信笺,多数印在信笺上方的正中。2.日期(date)写法有英式和美式两种。英式写法是按日、月、年的次序;美式写法是按月、日、年的次序。尽量避免用数字写日期的方式。3.信内地址(insideaddress)包括收信人的姓名和地址。一般写在信笺的左上角。分数行来写。4.称呼(salutation)如:DearMr.MorrisDearSirs/MadamsDearMembersofFederationofTradeUnionDearProgramDirector5.正文(body)首先,表明写信人收到对方的来信或来电,或是作自我介绍,或是扼要说明写作目的。然后,用主要篇幅阐明所要表达的内容。结尾,表达写信人希望早日收到回信或回复。正文要求简明扼要,条例清楚,段落不宜太长,尽量一段一意。6.结尾敬辞(complimentaryclose)结尾敬辞的选择要视通信者之间的关系和写信目的而定,应该同称呼相吻合。参看下表:SalutationDearSirs/MadamDearProfessorCloseYoursfaithfullyYourstrulyCommentforma1LeeYoursrespectfullyDearMs.JacksonTomYourssincerelyinforma1MydearChirsBestwishes/regardsWithlotsoflove7.签名(signature)

15在打印体的上方签名。以上7个部分是商务信函的必要组成部分。以下部分可以根据实际工作的需要,有选择地增减。1.事由(Subject)写信人为了突出改信的目的,或是为了使收信人迅速领悟来信的意图,可以采用标题的形式写明信函的主旨。事由写在称呼的下一行、正文上方的中间位置。一般不超过一行。第一个词和关键词的首字母要大写。前面可以冠以“Subject”或"Re"(withreferenceto)的缩写。例:Subj.:CancellationoftheOrder(No.205)2.附件(Enclosure)商务信函后常附有其它文件,如产品目录、价目表、订单、发票等,这就需要在信笺的左下角,签名下方二至三行处注明Enc.或Enc.。若附件不止ー个,用Encs.或Encls.。3.抄送(CarbonCopy)如果写信人需要将该信交给收信人之外的其他相关个人或部门,可以在附件下方写上C.C.字样,然后再写抄送个人或部门的名称。例:C.C.GeorgeAlexanderC.C.After-salesServiceDept.4.附言(Postscript)附言的使用要慎重。它是用来强调信中谈及的要点,或补充说明某ー问题。语言要简练,一般写在信笺的最下端,抄送的下方。附言前可加上P.S.或PS。例：P.S.DiscountsareavailableforVIPclients.111.商务信函的格式及例题1.平头式(BlockVersion)【范文】

16DearSirorMadam,Wewelcomeyoutheorderaboveorder.Thepricesyoumentionedareoldones.Thecurrentpricesshouldbe5%higher.However,weacceptyourorderandwishtoassureyouthatdeliverywi11bemadeimmediatelywereceiveyourL/C.OurT-shirtsandknittingwaresenjoyfavourablereceptionintheworldmarketbecauseoftheirfinequalityandexcellentcraftsmanship.favourablyonourbesttoreliabi1ity.Nowonderyourcustomershaveremarkedourproducts.Youmaybesurethatweshal1domaintainourreputationforqua1ityandWeencloseaquotationforsummerwares,suchasbathingsuits,a11cottonvestsandshal1bepleasedtoreceivefurtherordersfromyou.Yoursfaithfully,EdwardWhite2.缩行式(IndentedVersion)【范文】October30,2005MessersSamsonGhadbanCo.,Ltd.15HornsAvenue,TripoliLebanon.DearSirorMadamThankyouforreplyingsopromptlytoour1ightweightextinguishersandalsoforyourofferdemonstration.enquiryfortoarrangeaOurgeneralmanagerandourofficemanagerwi11bothbeabletomeetMrBurtonatanytimeduringthemorningorafternoonofThursday,November10th.11wouldbehelpfulif

17MrBurtonwouldwriteorphonetoletmayexpecthim.Yoursfaithfully,JohnBlackusknowatwhattimewe3.例题例题1Youaretheownerofaclothingfactory.Acustomerhassentyoualettersummarisingarecentnegotiation.Youhavewrittensomenotesontheletter.Writea120-140wordreplytothebuyerusingtheletterandyournotes.MrsPMirzaLahoreTextiles6OceanRoadLahoreSoarewe!DearParveen।11wasgoodtoseeyouagainlastweekandwe「whichcolours?Jdthatyoursilkblouseswi11beincludedinourwintercatalogue.Aspromised,1istedbelowarethepoint，agreedatthemeeting.ThecontractisfortheShebarangeofsilkblousesinthreecolours.Youwi11grantusexclusiveimportrightsfor,weaereed4ooo9ntheUK.Thequantitywi11be5,000pieces,withafurtheroptionof3,000.ThepriceperpiecewiJ_L_be_^$5.65forthefirst5,000.Youwi11confirmthepricefortheop?TonTi~-354-»＜：,=f；1广，［$5.25tortheootionniecesIPaymentwi11bebyletterofcredit.Theinitia1orderwi11bereadyexfactoryby1August1999.Itrustyouwi11findthisinorde^.Ilookforwardtoyourwrittenconfirmationinduecourse.r~~~~~INotoossible-15thattheearliestBestregardsStephaniepowe11ChiefPurchaser

18J范文】DearStephanie,Thankyouforyourletterof1March.WearedelightedthattheShebarangewi11beinyourcatalogue.Thereare,however,somesmal1pointswhichneedclarifying.TheShebarangecomesinsixcolours.Pleaselookatthesamplesandconfirmwhichthreecoloursyouwould1ike.Youreferredtothefurtheroptionof3,000pieces.Ithoughtwehadagreedon4,000.Pleaseconfirmthecorrectfigure.Icarconfirmtheoptionalpieceswi11cost$5.25each.Unfortunately,duetoafullorderbook,weareunabletodeliverby1.8.99.Theearliestdatewouldbe15.8.99.Ihopethiswi11beacceptable.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Yourssincerely,ParveenMirza例题2Thecompanyyouworkforisexpandingrapidlyandislookingfornewpremises.YourManagingDirectorisinterestedinWatersideIndustrialPark,andhasaskedyoutowritealettertofindoutmoreinformation.ReadWatersideIndustrialPark5sadvertisementbelow,on

19whichyourManagingDirectorhasalreadymadesomenotes.Then,usinga11yourManagingDirector5shandwrittennotes,writeyourlettertoRosemaryBrownatWatersideIndustrialPark.Donotincludepostaladdresses.Write120-140words.イFinancialhelpavailableformanycompaniesmovingtothearea.イExcellentroadandrai11inkswitha11partsofthecountry./Skilledlabourforceformanufacturingorservicesectorbusiness.Foraninformationpack,pleasecontact:RosemaryBrownforthisWatersideIndustrialParkPhone(11)8008866Fax(11)3236644【范文】22JulyDearMrsBrownSubject:NewPremisesWithreferencetoyouradvertisementinthelocalnewspaper,Iwould1iketohavemoreinformationabouttheabove.

20Couldyoutel1uswhichotherfirmsareinthearea,andwhatarethesizesoftheunitsavailableforrental.Regardingthefinancialhelpmentioned,couldyouinformuswhowouldqualifyforitandhowtoapply.Anotherpointtoclarifyistheskilledwithotherareas.labourcostscomparedFinally,wewouldbegratefulifyouinformationpacktoouraddress.Welookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.YourssincerelyAlyaMaideencouldsendusthe例题3YourManagingDirectorhasaskedyoutoreplytotheletterbelowwhichisaboutaproposededucationa1visittoyourcompanybyaloca1school.Hehaswrittenhiscommentsontheletter.Writealetter(120-140words)totheheadteacherexplainingthechangestheManagingDirectorwould1iketomaketothevisit.SUNDSTROMTECHNICALCOLLEGERe:Educationa1VisitDearMr.Takahashi,Thankyouforyourrecentletteracceptingourrequestforaneducationalvisittoyourcompany.^^-^toomany-25maximumIhavesdqK&ittothestudentsconcernedaswel1astheteacherwhowi11accompanythem.Theyareagroupof35students,agedbetween17and18,andwi11betakingpartinthevisitaspartoftheircareersdevelopmentprogramme.Iwould1iketosug^QStFriday10thDecember.Thegroupwi11leavehereat9:00amandshouldbewithyouby9.45am.Mondayoffollowingweekbettertime'sfineIunderstand喪trainingofficeriswi11ingtogiveatalktothestudentsabmh\the

21company'strainingprogramme.Thiswi11beofconsiderablevalue,andIwonderedifitwouldbemosteffectiveatthebeginningofthevisit.Trainingofficernotavailableunti111:30Finally,woulditbepossibleforthestudentstotalktosomenewemployeesinaninftHmial'questionandanswer'session?No,sorry!Cannotreleaseemployeesfromduties.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldinformmeastowhethertheseproposalsaresuitableandwould1iketothankyouonceagainforyourco-operationwiththeschemefor'SchoolandBusinessLinks'../Pleaserequesttoconfirm\Yourssincerely,X^cirrangernentsbyphoneMrYamaguchi,Headteacher.【范文】DearMrYamaguchi,Thankyouforletterdated27July2005,inwhichyouputforwardsomesuggestionsfortheproposedvisittoourcompany.Thereare,however,afewchangeswhichIwould1iketomaketoyoursuggestions.****Inordertoconfirmtheabovearrangements,Isuggestthatwediscusstheseoverthetelephoneatyourearliestconvenience.Ilookforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yoursincerely,

22第二讲商务信函的分类范畴I.投诉信(Lettersofcomplaint)1.结构:投诉事由详述事件/投诉理由提出要求2.常用句型:compensate,indemnify,refund,apologiseIamwritingtocomplainabout...Iamnotsatisfiedwith...Imustthereforeinsistthat...3.例题(1)Yourecentlyattendedaone-daytrainingcourseonhealthandsafety.Youweredisappointedwiththecourseandyouhavedecidedtowritealetterofcomplainttothetrainingcompany.Readtheadvertisementbelow,whichgivesdetailsofthecourse.Youhavealreadymadesomenotesontheadvertisement.Then,usingal1yourhandwrittennotes,writeyourlettertoMoiraGeddingsatGBGCertificationServices.Donotincludeposta1addresses.Write120-140wordsonaseparatesheet.GBGCertificationServicesGoodforbusiness,goodforyou.Regardlessofwhetheryouareinamanufacturingorserviceindustry,youarerequiredbylawtooperateyourbusinessinamannerwhichissafeandhealthyforyourworkforce.Ourcourseswillhelpyouprovideasafeandlegallysoundworkingenvironmentforyourstaff.Ourone-daycoursesinclude:_l.,,,,,,.(trainerwassick;Experiencedandhighly-qualifiedtrainers，.r〇JrヽreolacementDoorHigh-qualityinformationpacksSmallgroups(maximum8people)PriceincludeslunchandrefreshmentsAllone-daycoursesrunMcndny-Pガセyfrom9.3。-1フQK、Formoreinformationcontact:MoraGeddingsGBGHouseSummerfieldRoadOxford0X84DNつ)ileofloosephotocopies!ヽ

23

24【范文】DearMrsGeddings,IwriteregardingatrainingcourseonhealthandsafetywhichIattended27November.WhenIbookedthiscourse,Ichoseyourcompanyasitcamehighlyrecommendedandthecoursesseemedtobeofahighstandard.Iwaspromisedanexperiencedtrainerbutunfortunatelyhewassickandthereplacementwasnotasgoodasexpected.Regardingtheinformationpacksthesewereonlyapileofloosephotocopies,whichwasnotpromised.Theclasswassupposedtobeabout8peoplebutinminetherewereabout15.Fina1ly,Ishouldmakeitclearthattheclassstarted1hourlate,andtheserved,wascold.lunchthatwasIamsureyoucanunderstandmydisappointment.Iwouldthereforebegladifyoucouldinvestigatethismatter.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yourssincerely,LisaKostevskaCabinAttendant⑵比较强烈投诉抗议信DearSirorMadamIamwritingabouttheMarchlastyear.heatingunityouinstalledforuson15Unfortunately,theheatingsystemexplodedon12Januarythisyear,andblewalargeholeintheroof,thusresultinginalargedamagetobothourworkshopandstocks.Ishouldliketoremindyouthatwewrotetoyouon9thDecemberlastyearbecauseitwasmakingastrangenoise,butyoudidnotgiveusareply.

25Wemustinsist,therefore,thatyoureplacetheheatingsystemimmediatelyandpayforourdamageworthUS$400,000.YourfaithfullyII.道歉信1.结构:表示歉意解释原因处理意见再次道歉2.常用句型Iamwritingtoapologisefor/aboutThiswasdueto...Unfortunately,wehavebeenunableto...1amsorryforanyinconveniencethishascaused.Icanassureyouthatwewi11...3.例题(1)Youarethesecretaryinacompanywhichmakesplastictableware.Yourbosshaslefttheletterbelowforyoutoanswer.Writealetterof120-140wordstoMs,Jerome,explainingthereasonforthedamagedgoods.Usetheinformationinherletterandthenotesfromyourboss.(Chris:pleasewritebac户toMsJeremewithヾQUALITYCAFETERIASINC.regrets；inustn'tlosethiscustomerNEWROADThanksHugh.MELBOURNE6October1997ThemanagerPlasticAPlentyCo.GoughIndustrialEstateMelbourneDearSirorMadam5yearstobeexact.\PLASTICTABLEWARE-Productnos.0821(forks)and7734(bowls)Wehaveusedyourcompanyasasuppliertoourrestaurantsforsevera1years,and

26untilrecentlythequalityofyourproductshasalwaysbeengood.However,on2Septemberthisyear,wetookdeliveryofsomeplastictablewarewhichwas〇タextremelypoorquality.Manyofthebowlswerechippedandseveraloftheforkswerebroken.Wecannotusetheminourcafeterias.Wewi11replacethemfreeofcharge.Idohopethatsuchadeliverywi11notberepeated,andthatyoursuppliestousinthefuturewi11againbeofhighqua1ity.If,however,wereceiveヽgfurtherfaultyplastictablewarefromyou,wewi11beobligedtoxfindanothersuppliertoprovideuswith600dswhichmeetourownXighstandardsIamsureyouwi11beabletoprovideuswithasatisfactoryexplanation.SodoI!Itwasthefaultypackingmachine(nowrepaired.)Tel1heritwon'thappenagainshe'sanexcellentCustomer,sopleaseofferourapologies.Yoursfaithfully,AnnJeremeRestaurantsDirector【范文】

27DearMsJeremyThankyouforyourletterof6October.Afterrestaurantsfor5years,Iwasextremelysorrytobatchofbowlsandforkswhichyoureceivedon2notofusua1qua1ity.supplyinghearthatSeptemberyourthewasAftercarefulinvestigation,wefoundthatthecauseoftheproblemwasafaultypackingmachine.Ithasnowbeenrepaired.Icanpromiseyouthatthistypeofproblemwi11nothappenagain.Accordingtothesalescontractbetweenus,wewill,course,replaceyourfaultydeliveryfreeofcharge.ofIwould1iketoofferourapologiesonceagainbeinganexcellentcustomer.andthankyouYourssincerely,(1)YouworkintheSalesDepartmentofaninternalionalcompany.ManuelaGarcia,animportantclient,isvisitingyourcompanyforaday.Therearesomechangestotheitineraryyousentherlastweek.Writealetterof120-140wordstoMsGarcia,usingtheorigina1itineraryandyourhandwrittennotes,informingherofthechanges.Proposeditineraryforone-dayvisitofManuelaGarciaWednesday20October11.OOMsGarciaarrivesonf1ight1B432fromMadridJohnSallistomeetMsGarciaatairport丄丄・クJOriginalarrivaltimetoooptimistic11.30ArrivalatcompanyJohnSallistogiveMsGarciaanintroductorytourof

28company12.30LunchatWhiteHartre-s-terar^nl(JohnSallis,CarolSn;ManuelaGarcia)JCarolcan'tn14.00Meetingjj^-bearfffooni1"""TCarolSnape,TomMeGarcia)15.30Coffeebreak16.OOProductpresentation(CarolSnape,TomMeGarcia)—Restaurantfull.It'snowtheSwanhotelipe,TomMcAlakeit.ExplainwhyAllister,SiGivesomedetails:A1lister;S11isterSueSmithleSmithManuelaLieSmithManuela18.OOJohnSallistotakeMsGarciaJohnhastogoearly.SuewilltakeManuelatotheairport.19.3OMsGarciadepartsonflight1B886toMadrid【范文】DearMsGarciaFurthertolastweek'scorrespondence,IamyouthatwehavetomakeafewchangestotheforWednesday20October.writingtoinformoriginalitineraryFirstly,inordertoallowplentyoftimeforyoutotravelfromtheairport,yourtourofthecompanywi11bes1ightlyshorterthanthehourwhichwehadoriginallyplanned.Secondly,pleasenotethatastheWhiteHartisfullonWednesday,lunchwi11beattheSwanHotel.CarolSnapewill,however,notbejoiningusduetoapreviousengagement.11hasbeenconfirmedthatTomMcAl1isterwi11aboutournewnatura1shampoorangeat16.00.toleaveearly,SueSmithwi11accompanyyouyoureveningflight.showthenewvideoAsJohnSallishastotheairportfor

29Sorryfortheinconveniencethatmighthavecaused,anyquestions,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme.IfyouhaveYourssincerely

30第三节商务信函常用句型(-)常用短语称为DearZ敬语YoursDearSirorMadamYoursfaithfullyDearMr./Mrs./Miss/MsSmithYourssincerelyDearJohnBestwishes(私人关系比较亲密)信的开头:Referringtopreviouscontact:Thankyouforyourletterof/dated....WithreferencetoFurthertoInreplytoStatingthereasonforwriting:about...confirmthatIamwritingtoenquiretotoinWeareinterestedin...apologisefor/about...replytoyour...andwewould1iketoknow...Thankyouforyourletterof(date),enquiringabout...伍谢(某日)询问有关……的来信Wehavereceivedyourletterof(date),enclosing...感谢(某日)的来信以及随信寄来的……如果写信的开头或者是信中要提到某件事情:withreferenceto...关于furtherto...继之后withregardto...关于Iamwritinginconnectionwith...我写信是为了Apointinyourlettergivesusgreatconcernthat…我们很关心您信中提到的……Regarding...关于告知好消息Iampleasedtotel1youthat...我很高兴的告诉你/通知你IamdelightedtoinformyouIamhappytoadviseyou...

31WearepleasedtoinformyouthatWehavepleasureininformingyouthatWehavethepleasuretoappriseyouofWehavethehonourtoinformyouthat(of)坏消息Iregrettotellyouthat...很遗憾/很抱歉告诉你/通知你Iamsorrytoinformyou...Iamsorrytoadviseyouthat...Weregretthat...我们很遗憾说明能做与不能做的事情Weareunableto...我们不能Weareableto...我们能Wehavebeenforcedto...我们不得不说明原因Thiswasowingto...这是因为(多半为坏消息)Dueto...这是由于Asaresultof...这是的结果Becauseof...这是因为请求采取行动,如果紧急的话,可以加上后面的词组Pleasecouldyou...assoonaspossible请你尽快Wewouldbegratefulifyoucould...withoutdelay如果你能尽快……,我们将不胜感激Wewouldappreciateitifyoucould...immediately...如你能尽快……我们将不胜感激道歉Wemustapologizefor...我们必须为……表示我们的歉意Weapologizefor...我们必须为道歉Weareextremelysorryfor...我们为感到抱歉.询问信息Wewould1iketoknowabout/if...我们想了解有关Pleasecouldyougiveusfurtherdetailabout...请给我们更多有关的信息Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldletusknowabout/if,我们将不胜感激

32Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldinformusabout/if,我们将不胜感激轻度抱怨Unfortunately,然后直接说不幸的事情发生了,比如,Unfortunately,wehavenotyetreceivedyourpayment,wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldmakethepaymentsoon.提起注意(用在强烈抱怨中)Ishould1iketodrawyourattentionto(thefactthat)...我想提请你们注意Ishould1iketopointoutthat...我想指出Ishould1iketoremindyouthat...我想提醒你们Ihopethatitisnotnecessarytoremindyouthat…我希望没有必要提醒你们……警告Unless...除非......,否则我们将不得不……If...(not)...,wewi11beforcedto...如果不,我们将不得不…….(二)常用句型普通结尾:Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourreply/order/products/etc,期待收到你的答复,定单,产品等Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.期待你的来信提供消息类邮件的结尾Ihopethatthisinformationwi11helpyou.期待这些消息会对你有所帮助。Pleasecontactmeifyouneedanyfurtherinformation.Pleasedonothesitatetocontactmeifyouareneedanyfurtherinformation,如果需要更多,请随时联系我Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions.有什么问题,请有我联络。Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedanyfurtherinformation.如果需要更多的信息,请告诉我。道歉信结尾Pleaseacceptourapologiesonceagain.请接受我们的歉意Wehopethatthishasnotcausedyouanyinconvenience.我们希望

33这不会给你造成不便。私人商业信函,即关系比较非正式开头:Thankyouforyourletter/telephonecall/telex/fax.11wasapleasuretomeetyouat/on...11wasgoodtoseeyouagainat/on...hearfromyouagain)很高兴再次收到你的来信。11wasapitythat...(wedidnothavemoretimetotalkat/on...)Iamsorrythat...(Imissedyouwhenyouvisitedmyoffice)o如果需要,可以在上述四个形式之后加上说过或者没有说过的话,Itwasgoodtotalktoyouonthetelephonetoday.Iwassorrytohearthatyouhadnotbeensowell.今天能够在电话里和你交谈,真是太好了。听说你病了,我很难过。(11waspitythatImissedyouwhenyouvisitedmyofficelastweek.Iwouldhave1ikedtohaveheardal1yournews.很遗憾,上周你来我办公室时,我没能见到你。我很乐意听到有关你们的任何消息。主体要求提供消息:Iwaswonderingifyoucouldhelpme.我不知道你是否能帮我。提供消息:Ithoughtyoumightbeinterestedtohearthat…我想你可能会对……感兴趣。抱怨:Iamafraidwehaveasma11problem.恐怕我们有个问题告知坏消息:IamafraidIhavesomebadnews.恐怕,有些坏消息。结尾IlookforwardtoseeingyouagainnexttimeIamin…我期待着下次我在…时,与你见面。IfeveryouareinLondon,pleasegivemearingorcal1in.来伦敦时,给我打电话或来我公司坐坐。PleasegivemyregardtoDiannaSmith.请替我向Dianna问好。PleasepassmybestwishestoMr.Lund.Ihopethathehasnowrecoveredfromtheflu.请向兰德先生问好。我希望他早日康复

34第四节商务信函写作的基本要求信函要求:1.研究收信人的兴趣所在2.采用恰当的语气体谅对方的态度(You-Attitude)/自我为中心的态度(I-AttitudeorWe-Attitude)o3.语气自然真诚4.言简意赅5.有礼有节,善解人意ネL貌用语,如yourkindenquiry,youresteemedorder,yourvaluedcustom6•避免行文冗长7.避免陈词滥调8.措词精确有力(1)选用简单的词汇在书信中多使用单词而不是词组,在报告中词组应比单词使用频率高ー些。请比较:InsteadofSaywi11youbegoodenoughtopleaseinthenearfuturesoonatthepresenttimenowcometoadecisiondecideexpressapreferenceforpreferforthereasonthatbecause前面的语言报告表述多,后面的语言书信表述多。(2)保持词语释义的一致性(3)用词用确(4)措词具体、形象9.避免单调平乏(1)松散句与掉尾句(2)长句和短句(3)语序变化

3510.全盘布局(layout)Anopeningparagraphreferringtothepromisemade.Astatementthatthepromisehasnotbeenkept.Thatthedelayiscausingyourinconvenience.Aclosingparagraphrequestingcompletionwithoutfurtherdelay.11.重视开头和结尾段落开头部分:开头部分要恰到好处。不要使用否定性的或不礼貌的词语。要从对方的角度出发体谅对方(You-Viewpoint),而不能以自我为中心(1-Viewpoint)〇开始句一定要切合正题,不要东拉西扯,重复对方明知的信息。起首段落不宜太长。起首段落要前后一致,保证连贯性。开始句最好提一下上一次联系的情况,显得自然。结尾段落:明确指出希望对方采取的行动。如果对方不是行动的执行者,一定要指明动作的执行者是谁。说明该行动的具体实施细则。指明最后的期限。赞赏对方,但除非对方曾为你做过什么,否则不要随便道谢。避免使用消极性词汇。如若需要,表明愿意提供帮助的态度。结尾段落不宜过长。12.检查在签名之前,请参考下述问题,检查一下所写信函是否准确、恰当。布局是否合理?拼写是否正确?标点符号用得是否恰当?是否包含所有要点?所传递的信息是否准确?措辞是否简明、准确、礼貌?•语言是否自然、真诚?是否做到从对方角度出发,体谅对方?全文总基调是否合适?能否产生预期的效果?如果自己是收信人的话,是否愿意收到这样一封信?如果所有的答案都是“Yes”,那么就可以放心地签名寄送了。

36第六讲商务报告第一节商务报告的内容与特点如果说商务便函与便条是企业内部员エ之间的书面联系手段,商务信函是企业对外进行书面联络的手段,那么,商务报告的功能则是兼而有之。换言之,商务报告既适用于企业面向外界得机构与人员所进行的业务往来,例如向公司股东们呈交的年度报告、分红配股报告等,亦适用于企业内部上下级之间、员エ之间的信息沟通,例如市场调查报告等。商务报告应用广泛,内容包罗万象,涉及了财务(Finance)、审计(Audit)、损益(Profits&Losses)、投资(Investment)、年度(Annua1)、生产(Production)、销售(Sales)、市场分析(MarketAnalysis),人事(Personnel)等。一般将商务报告的写作目的归纳为:提供信息(Information)这一般是下级向上级报告有关的活动安排、企划方案及遇到的困难等,使之能及时了解和掌握最新动向,并再次基础上作出相应的决策。如:有关办公大楼工程建设的进度报告。记录备查越来越多的企业倾向于把获得到的情报和信息进行永久性归档保存,以备将来查阅。例如:有关考察投资的可行性报告。提出建议(Recommendation)报告人再对提交的数据或信息进行分析和说明的基础上,提出自己的看法和建议,供决策人斟酌、采纳。说服劝导第二节商务报告的结构I.商务报告的标题1.标题应写为Reporton...,不用写为Report:2.应遵循以下原则：标题应涵盖面小(narrow)标题应具体适中(specific)标题应突显报告的重要性(significant)II.商务报告的结构及常用句型1.Introduction介绍写作背景,阐明报告要讨论的问题。常用句型

37Theaim/purpose/objectiveofthisreportisto...Thisreportsetsoutto/aimsto...Mr.Xhasaskedmetoreporttoinvestigate/evaluate/study/recommend/analyze/givefeedback/estimate/assess...Asrequestedby/Uponrequestof某人/某部门,Iamsubmittingthefollowingreportabout...As某人/某部门requestedonNovember12,Iamsubmittingthefollowingreporton...Hereisthereportconcerning...Wehavedoneasurveyshowingthat...1.Findings常用句型Accordingtotherecentmarketresearch/investigation/survey/thechartabove/thetableabove/undertaken,,Therecentvisit/investigation/surveyshowedthatThetable/chartabovetelIsusthatFromthechartshown,wefind/learn/noticethatThetable/chartaboveisshowingthat2.Conclusion常用句型11wasdecided/agreed/feltthat...Noconclusionswerereachedregarding...在有conclusion这个subtitle的情况下,就直接陈述结论Accordingtothefindingsabove,itcanbeconcludedthatFromthetableshown,itcanbeconcludedthatTherefore,itcanbeconcludedthat3.Recommendations1）写作中注意事项建议必须是建立在结论的逻辑基础上,是结论的合理引申。注意建议的合理性与层次性言之有据,前后呼应。言之有理,言之可行。数码标段,层次分明。2）常用句型注意:recommendation以及recommend后面要用动词原形（虚拟语气）。Wewouldrecommendthat...11issuggested/recommendedthat...

38ThefollowingaretherecommendationsBasedontheconclusion/analysisabove,werecommendthat/itcanbeconcludedthatWithreferencetothefacts/advantagesstatedabove,thefollowingrecommendationscanbemade...Somethingisrecommended,eg,Achangeofattitudeisrecommended.Amoreprofessiona1attitudewi11needtobeencouragedthroughtraining.Onthebasisoftheresults,Ihavethefollowingrecommendations:Onthebasisoftheanalysis,itisreasonabletohavethefollowingrecommendations:如果需要进ー步拓展,可以描述一下建议实施后可预期的进展或者景象。具体说法是,建议结束之后,sothat...或者thus...111.常用句型112述现象Inthepastfewdecades,thereisamarkedincrease/decreasein...Inrecentyearstherehasbeenadramaticchangein...Inthepastfewmonths,therehasbeenaboomin...Inthepastfewyears,...hasbeenontherise/decline.Withtherapiddevelopmentof...Withtheremarkableimprovementof...Withtheamazingadvanceof...Recently,theissueof...hasbeeninthelimelight.Recently,theproblemof...hasbecomethefocusofthepublicconcern.Recently,thequestionof...hascreptintothepublicattraction.113述观点11iscommonlythoughtthat...11isacommonsensethat...11isgenerallyacceptedthat...11

39isapopularbeliefthat...ItIt11is11isuniversallybelievedthat...isacommonmisconceptionthat...11iswidelyconceivedthat...isawidelyacknowledgedpointthat...11isprevalentlyassumedthat...anextensivelyheldopinionthat...Nowadays,agreatmanyofpeoplebelieve...Inthepopularview,...Nowadays,anoverwhelmingmajorityofpeoplethinkthat...Tothegeneralpublic,...Nowadays,anincreasingpercentageofpeopleholdthat...Inmostpeoplesmind,...3,分析原因Manyfactorshaveconvergedtocreatethecrisis/disaster.Thechange/phenomenonisattributable/ascribable/dueto...Thereareanumberofreasonsresponsibleforthephenomenoninquestion.Reelectingontheproblem/underdiscussion,wecansayforcertainthatitresultsfrom/cabbeattributedto...Wecanregard/perceivethechangeasamark/consequence/reelectionof...4.举例说明Thisassertioncanbetel1inglydocumentedby...Theopinion/claimispersuasivelysupportedbymanyinstancesinourdaily1ives.Acaseinpointis...Takethecaseof...5.得出结论Consideringthephenomenonandthedifferentattitudes,it'srational/naturalforustoconclude...short,weInconclusion/Insummary/Tosumup/Inaword/Inshould/mustdo...Takingallsensiblyarriveat6.提出建议Consideringshouldbetaken.thesefactorsintoconsideration,theconclusionthat...theproblem,itisapparentthat...wemaymeasures

4011disturbsmetolearnthat...11painsmetothinkthat...11torturesmetofindthat...

41第三节解读商务图表信息I.图表类题的分类1.分类表格（table）市场调查结果表（含本公司和Shikei的产品）TomatsuShikeValueformoneyReiiabi1ityAfter-salesserviceAvailabi1ityAdvertising*************♦***********饼状图（piechart）1999年绛各地区的博售总・（单位:百万美元）柱形图(barchart)IM1999年终鲁堆区的・修总・（単位,百万美元）RegIRegAR4IRegnr0100200MK)400500600700BOO9001000曲线图(linechart/graph)

421親-1995三个地区的MH总量（单位:百万美元）LBCDIDN.1■■!U?■ね＞IM819891990199119921993199419931.写作注意事项1）曲线图、柱状图:导入数据,同时注意语言多样性、2）饼状图:注意顺序II,概括图表信息的常用词组和表达方式1,上升趋势toincrease/anincreasetogouptogrow/agrowthtojump/ajumptoleap/aleaptoreachapeak/apeaktosoar/asoartorise/arisetoupsurge/anupsurgetoupswing/anupswing2,下降趋势tocollapse/acollapsetodeciine/adeciinetodrop/adroptodecrease/adecreasetofall/afalltogodowntoreachalowpoint/alowpointtoreduce/areduction2.程度升降程度较大agreatdeal/big/alotapparent/apparentlyclear/dearly

43considerable/considerablyimportant/importantlydramatic/dramatica1lygreat/greatlydrastic/drastica1lymarked/markedlymuchobvious/obviouslyfastquick/quicklyrapid/rapidlyremarkable/remarkablysharp,/sharplysignificant/significantlystrong/stronglysudden/suddenly升降程度较小abitalittlefractional/fractionallygentle/gentlygradua1/gradua1lyhardlylittles1ight/siightly/marginallyslow/slowlysmal1steady/steadily1.平稳状态tobehardlychangedtohavelittlechangetokeepsteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttoremainunchanged例句

44300-200-j100IOctoberNot«»b«rDeeanberOctobertoDecember.TrucksalesrosesteadilyfromOctoberNovoberDecanberAsteadyfallinsalesduringsharpincreaseinOctober.NovemberandDecemberfollowedtheOctoberNovonberDeenberTrucksalesdroppedduringNovemberbutDecembertoexceedOctobersales.increasedagaininOctoberNovonberDecnberTrucksaleshardlychangedthroughouttheperiod,s1ightincreaseinNovember.exceptforaAslowbutsteadyincreasewasfollowedbyasharpfallandanincreasetowardstheend.80

45OctoberNovenberDananherTrucksalesdroppeddowninOctober,butremainedunchangedfortherestoftheperiod.5,描述饼图的句型模版x%ofthe比较主体is/has/are/have比较主体中的一部分is/constitutes/accountsfor??%inthewholepiechart.比较群体中的一部分is/are??%inthepiechart做出比较The比较主体doubled/tripledin时鯉comparedwiththosein时间.A在XX期间增长了一倍/两倍。The比较主体in地点in时间isincontrasttoin地点in时间.A在XX期间的数量是XX,然而/同时,B在XX期间的数量是XXAisindirectproportiontoB=AisdirectlyproportionaltoB.AB成正比Aisininverse/reciprocalproportiontoB=Aisinversely/reciprocallyproportiona1toB.AB成反比。Ahas倍数asmany/much,比较主体asB.A是B的多少倍Ahasthesame比较主体asB.AB相同/相等

46第四节总结比例题I.商务报告的结构呈现如下特点:introductiondescription&analysise、ラnts,humanactivitiesVgraphsofpeople,places,institutionsofevents,seriesofoffigures,statisticsoftables,charts,evaluationcommendation&praisecriticism&blamevalue15drecommend/suggestofferingassessmentofworthorrecommendations,suggestions&advicethat...I'drecommend/suggestpeopleto...Mysuggestion/advicewouldwarningsII,注意四个方面:1.内容上,要选取重要信息,要导入数据2.结构上,要按照上面的套路,不要写流水账3.语言上,要多变,句式和选词都要多变4.语法上,要注意时态,一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成III,例题例题A:文字类题目Youworkforacompanythatsellselectricalgoods.YouhaverecentlyvisitedapotentialsupplierinSlovakia.Lookatthememoandyourhandwrittennotes.Writea120-140wordreportrecommendingwhetheryourcompanyshoulddealwiththesupplierornot.To:Alan

47From:GeorginaDate:16February2000Re:YourvisittoLudovaTechnologiesSlovenskoAlanHere5stheinformationaboutLudovaTechnologies.11isn'tmuch,rmafraid,butit'sal1wehave.Thecompanyis15yearsoldandemploysabout20people.11'slocatedinthesouthwestofSlovakia,ontheAustrianborder.Theymakeelectricalgoodssuchaspocketradios,butwe'renotreallysurewhatelse.CanyoufindouttheFeJJ^wingandwriteareportrecommendingwhatWeShou1ddo?QuitelowduetooldmachinesDon'tforgettomakeafinalrecommendation.Thefactory•Whataretheproduction^£aci1ities1ike?•WhatistheproductrkmcapacTty?ヽ^^Oldequipment,butmodernisationplannedProducts、、、•Whatistheproduct-<^nge^ike?>.QuitelowduetooldmachinesWiderange,goodqualityProductiontimes>•Howquicklycantheydeliver?Yourf1ightandhotelare^boQkedandMrpavolKukurawi11meetyouattheairportonFriday.Goodluck!Longdeliverytimes-explainwhy【范文】ReportonsuitabilityofLudovaTechnologiesSlovensko(LTS)IntroductionThisreportaimstoassesswhethertheSlovakiancompanyLudovaTechnologieswouldbeasuitablesupplierofelectricalgoods.

48FindingsArecentvisittothecompanyshowedthatitsfaci1itiesarequiteold,resultingina1imitedproductioncapacity.Despitethis,LTSproducesanextensiverangeofhigh-qualityproductsincludingradios,cassetterecordersandCDplayers.However,out-of-datemachinerythreemonths.Thismaychangetakesplace.meanswhendeliverytimesofuptotheplannedmodernisationConclusionLTSwouldnotbesuitablefordeliverylargeordersthatrequirequickRecommendationsItisrecommendedthatweremainincontactwithLTSandreconsiderasupplycontractoncethefactorymodernisationiscompleted.例题BYouworkforMarks&Spencer,Britain,sleadingretailer.Yourcompanyplanstoinvestinalocalretai1market.Youareaskedtoassessthelocalpurchasingpower.Readthefollowingpiechartwhichdemonstratestheloca1familyincomeaftertaxes.Usetheinformationinthecharttowriteareport(about100-120words)interpretingthechart,discussingtheprospectsofyourcompany5sinvestmentinthelocalretai1market,andexplainingtheconclusionyoureachfromtheinformationinthechartandhowthechartsupportsyourconclusion.LocalFamilyIncomeAfterTaxes

49【范文】Asyifollowingrepower.Asisthefamilyifamilyincomeaftertaxesfirst.一overI10.00037»purchasingrelatedtotheloca1ortmember12,Iamsubmittingthesmentoftheloca1ingpoweriscloselysnsibletolookintoFromthechartshown,wecanfindthatabout70%ofthefami1ieshaveanincomeover$5000,whileonlyabout30%ofthefami1ieshaveanincomeunder$5000.Thereforeitcanbeconcludedthatthelocalfamilyincomeisfairlyhigh,andaccordinglytheloca1purchasingpowermustbepotential.Onthebasisoftheanalysis,Ibelievethattheloca1retai1marketispromisingandtheinvestmentinthismarketwi11havebrilliantprospects.Sinceuptonowthereisn'tmuchinvestmentintheretailmarket,soIrecommendthatweinvestinitasquicklyaspossible.Theearlier,thebetter!