真题演练演练真题真题演练英语四级真题考研英语真题

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真题演练2006年6月英语四级真题PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheetl.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HighwaysEarlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetsandroadsintheU.S.weremadeofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks.Builtforhorse,carriage,andfoottraffic,theywereusuallypoorlycaredforandtoonarrowtoaccommodate(容纳)automobiles.Withtheincreaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike(收费公路)companiesunderlocalauthoritiesbegantospringup,andby1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads.Manywerebuiltusingspecificationsof19thcenturyScottishengineersThomasTelfordandJohnMacAdam(forwhomthemacadamsurfaceisnamed),whosespecificationsstressedtheimportanceofadequatedrainage.Beyondthat,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,weightrestrictions,orcommercialsigns.DuringWorldWarI,roadsthroughoutthecountrywerenearlydestroyedbytheweightoftrucks.WhenGeneralEisenhowerreturnedfromGermanyin1919,afterservingintheU.S.Army'sfirsttranscontinentalmotorconvoy(车队)，henoted:uTheoldconvoyhadstartedmethinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,butGermany'sAutobahnormotorwayhadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland.”Itwouldtakeanotherwarbeforethefederalgovernmentwouldactonanationalhighwaysystem.DuringWorldWarII,atremendousincreaseintrucksandnewroadswererequired.Thewardemonstrateshowcriticalhighwaysweretothedefenseeffort.Thirteenpercentofdefenseplantsreceivedalltheirsuppliesbytruck,andalmostallotherplantsshippedmorethanhalfoftheirproductsbyvehicle.Thewaralsorevealedthatlocalcontrolofhighwayshadledtoaconfusingvarietyofdesignstandards.Evenfederalandstatehighwaysdidnotfollowbasicstandards.Somestatesallowedtrucksupto36,000pounds,whileothersrestrictedanythingover7,000pounds.Agovernmentstudyrecommendedanationalhighwaysystemof33,920miles,andCongresssoonpassedtheFederal-AidHighwayActof1944,whichcalled

1forstrict,centrallycontrolleddesigncriteria.Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeenhailedasoneofthegreatestpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.Tobuildits44,000-milewebofhighways,bridge,andtunnels,hundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemanygeographicfeaturesofthecountry:mountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,desserts,andplains.Variablesincludedtheslopeoftheland,theabilityofthepavementtosupporttheload,theintensityofroaduse,andthenatureoftheunderlyingsoil.Urbanareaswereanotherproblem.Innovativedesignsofroadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,andinterchangesthatcouldrunthroughorbypassurbanareassoonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerica.Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayedbridgessuchasHaleBoggsinLouisianaandtheSunshineSkywayinFlorida,andremarkabletunnelslikeFortMcHenryinMarylandandMt,BakerinWashington,metmanyofthenation'sphysicalchallenges.Trafficcontrolsystemsandmethodsofconstructiondevelopedundertheinterstateprogramsooninfluencedhighwayconstructionaroundtheworld,andwereinvaluableinimprovingtheconditionofurbanstreetsandtrafficpatterns.Today,theinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityintheU.S.andtheU.S.withCanadaandMexico.Builtwithsafetyinmind,thehighwayshavewidelanesandshoulders,dividingmediansorbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,curvesengineeredforsafeturns,andlimitedaccess.ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.S.roads(0.86deathsper100millionpassengermilescomparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads).ByopeningtheNorthAmericancontinent,highwayshaveenabledconsumergoodsandservicestoreachpeopleinremoteandruralareasofthecountry,spurredthegrowthofsuburbs,andprovidepeoplewithgreateroptionsintermsofjobs,accesstoculturalprograms,healthcare,andotherbenefits.Aboveall,theinterstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheycherishmostpersonalfreedomofmobility.Theinterstatesystemhasbeenanessentialelementofthenation'seconomicgrowthintermsofshippingandjobcreation:morethan75percentofthenation'sfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck;andmostproductsthatarrivebyrailorairuseinterstatesforthelastlegofthejourneybyvehicle.NotonlyhasthehighwaysystemaffectedtheAmericaneconomybyprovidingshippingroutes,ithasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,andshoppingcenters.Ithasallowedtherelocationofmanufacturingplantsandotherindustriesfromurbanareastorural.Bytheendofthecenturytherewasanimmensenetworkofpavedroads,residentialstreets,expressways,andfreewaysbuilttosupportmillionsofvehicles.ThehighwaysystemwasofficiallyrenamedforEisenhowertohonorhisvisionandleadership.Theyearconstructionbeganhesaid:Together,theunitedforcesofourcommunicationandtransportationsystemsaredynamicelementsintheverynamewebear—UnitedStates.Withoutthem,wewouldbeamereallianceofmanyseparateparts.w注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.Nationalstandardsforpavedroadswereinplaceby1921.2.GeneralEisenhowerfeltthatthebroadGermanmotorwaysmademoresensethanthetwo-lanehighwaysofAmerica.3.Itwasinthe1950thattheAmericangovernmentfinallytookactiontobuildanationalhighwaysystem.4.Manyoftheproblemspresentedbythecountry'sgeographicalfeaturesfoundsolutionsininnovativeengineeringprojects.5.Inspiteofsafetyconsiderations,thedeathrateoninterstatehighwaysisstillhigherthanthatofotherAmericanroads.

21.TheinterstatehighwaysystemprovidesaccessbetweenmajormilitaryinstallationsinAmerica.2.Servicestations,motelsandrestaurantspromotedthedevelopmentoftheinterstatehighwaysystem.3.Thegreatestbenefitbroughtaboutbytheinterstatesystemwas.4.Trucksusingtheinterstatehighwaysdelivermorethan.5.TheinterstatesystemwasrenamedafterEisenhowerinrecognitionofPartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.EINinoisthenamegiventothemysteriousandoftenunpredictablechangeintheclimateoftheworld.Thisstrange_47_happenseveryfivetoeightyears.ItstartsinthepacificOceanandisthoughttobecausedbyafailureinthetradewinds(信风)，whichaffectstheoceancurrentsdrivenbythesewinds.Asthetradewindslessenin_48_,theoceantemperaturesrise,causingthePerucurrentflowinginfromtheeasttowarmupbyasmuchas5℃.Thewarningoftheoceanhasfar-reachingeffects.Thehot,humid(潮湿的)airovertheoceancausessevere_49_thunderstorms.TherainfallisincreasedacrossSouthAmerica,_50_floodstoPeru.IntheWestPacific,therearedroughtsaffectingAustraliaandIndonesia.Sowhilesomepartsoftheworldprepareforheavyrainsandfloods,otherpartsfacedrought,poorcropsand_51_.EINinousuallylastsforabout18months.The1982-83EINinobroughtthemost_52_weatherinmodemhistory.Itseffectwasworldwideanditleftmorethan2,000peopledeadandcausedovereightbillionpounds_53_ofdamage.The1990EINinolasteduntilJune1995.Scientists_54_thistobethelongestEINinofor2,000years.Nowadays,weatherexpertsareabletoforecastwhenanEINinowill_55_,buttheyarestillnot_56_surewhatleadstoitorwhataffectshowstrongitwillbe.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答A)estimateI)completelyB)strengthJ)destructiveC)deliberatelyK)starvationD)notifyL)bringingE)tropicalM)exhaustionF)phenomenonN)worthG)stableO)strikeH)attraction

3SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Communicationstechnologiesarefarfromequalwhenitcomestoconveyingthetruth.Thefirststudytocomparehonestyacrossarangeofcommunicationsmediahasfoundthatpeoplearetwicelikelytotellliesinphoneconversationsastheyareinemails.Thefactthatemailsareautomaticallyrecorded一andcancomebacktohaunt(困扰)you一appearstobethekeytothefinding.JeffHancockofCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork,asked30studentstokeepacommunicationsdiaryforaweek.Inittheynotedthenumberofconversationsoremailexchangestheyhadlastingmorethan10minutes,andconfessedtohowmanyliestheytold.Hancockthenworkedoutthenumberofliesperconversationforeachmedium.Hefoundthatliesmadeup14percentofemails,21percentofinstantmessages,27percentofface-to-faceinteractionsandanastonishing37percentofphonecalls.Hisresults,tobepresentedattheconferenceonhuman-computerinteractioninVienna,Austria,inApril,havesurprisedpsychologists.Someexpectede-mailerstobethebiggestliars,reasoningthatbecausedeceptionmakespeopleuncomfortable,thedetachment(非直接接触)ofemailingwouldmakeiteasiertolie.Othersexpectedpeopletoliemoreinface-to-faceexchangesbecausewearemostpracticedatthatformofcommunication.ButHancocksaysitisalsocrucialwhetheraconversationisbeingrecordedandcouldbereread,andwhetheritoccursinrealtime.Peopleappeartobeafraidtoliewhentheyknowthecommunicationcouldlaterbeusedtoholdthemtoaccount,hesays.Thisiswhyfewerliesappearinemailthanonthephone.Peoplearealsomorelikelytolieinrealtime—inaninstantmessageorphonecall,say一thaniftheyhavetimetothinkofaresponse,saysHancock.Hefoundmanyliesarespontaneous(脱口而出的)responsestoanunexpecteddemand,suchas:"Doyoulikemydress?”Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57.Hancock'sstudyfocuseson.A)theconsequencesoflyinginvariouscommunicationsmediaB)thesuccessofcommunicationstechnologiesinconveyingideasC)people'sreferencesinselectingcommunicationtechnologiesD)people'shonestylevelsacrossarangeofcommunicationsmedia58.Hancock'sresearchfindingsurprisedthosewhobelievedthat.A)peoplearelesslikelytolieininstantmessagesB)peopleareunlikelytolieinface-to-faceinteractionsC)peoplearemostlikelytolieinemailcommunicationD)peoplearetwiceaslikelytolieinphoneconversations

459.Accordingtothepassage,whyarepeoplemorelikelytotellthetruththroughcertainmediaofcommunication?A)Theyareafraidofleavingbehindtracesoftheirlies.B)Theybelievethathonestyisthebestpolicy.C)rrheytendtoberelaxedwhenusingthosemedia.D)Theyaremostpracticedatthoseformsofcommunication.60.AccordingtoHancock,thetelephoneisapreferablemediumforpromotingsalesbecause.A)salesmencantalkdirectlytotheircustomersB)salesmenmayfeellessrestrainedtoexaggerateC)salesmencanimpresscustomersasbeingtrustworthyD)salesmenmaypassoninstantmessageseffectively61.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A)honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsB)moreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployeesC)suitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesD)emailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompanyPassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?InthewakeoftheSept.11attacksthesequestionshaveneverseemedmorepressing.OnDec.11,2001,aspartoftheefforttoincreasehomelandsecurity,federalandlocalauthoritiesin14statesstaged“OperationSafeTravel"-raidsonairportstoarrestemployeeswithfalseidentification.InSaltLakeCitytherewere69arrests.Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers'illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.MayorAndersonsaidthosefeelingswerejustifiedtoacertainextent.t4We'resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we'regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit'sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou'redisposable.Therearewholefamiliesbeinguprootedforallofthewrongreasons,“Andersonsaid.IfSept.11hadneverhappened,theairportworkerswouldnothavebeenarrestedandcouldhavegoneonquietlylivinginAmerica,probablyindefinitely.AndCastro,amanagerataBen&Jerry'sicecreamshopattheairport,hadbeenworking10yearswiththesamefalseSocialSecuritycardwhenshewasarrestedintheDecemberairportraid.Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation(驱逐出境).Castro'scaseiscurrentlywailingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry's.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。62.Accordingtotheauthor,theUnitedStatesclaimstobeanation.A)composedofpeoplehavingdifferentvaluesB)encouragingindividualpursuitsC)sharingcommoninterestsD)foundedonsharedideals63.HowdidtheimmigrantsinSaltLake

5Cityfeelabout^OperationSafeTravel''?A)Guilty.B)Offended.C)Disappointed.D)Discouraged64.Undocumentedworkersbecamethetargetof“OperationSafeTravel''because.A)evidencewasfoundthattheywerepotentialterroristsB)mostofthemworkedatairportsunderthreatofterroristattacksC)terroristsmighttakeadvantageoftheirillegalstatusD)theywerereportedlyhelpinghideterroristsaroundtheairport65.Bysaying"...we'regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare''(Para4),MayorAndersonmeans"''.A)wewillturnablindeyetoyourillegalstatusB)wewillexaminethelawsinadifferentwayC)thereareotherwaysofenforcingthelawD)theexistinglawsmustnotbeignored66.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?A)Shewillbedeportedsooneroflater.B)Sheisallowedtostaypermanently.C)Hercasehasbeendropped.D)Herfateremainsuncertain.答案PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.N2.Y3.Y4.Y5.N6.NG7.N8.personalfreedomofmobility9.75percent10.hisvisionandleadershipPartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionA47-51：FBELK52-56：JNA〇ISectionB57-61：DCABC62-66：DBCAD答案详解PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步(略)第二步略读文章、把握大意本文是•篇关于美国高速公路发展状况的说明文。文章在第一至第三自然段提出了问题:美国20世纪初修建的公路已经过于陈旧,该如何满足汽车エ业和军事方面的需求?接下来,文章在第四、五自然段提出了解决方案,即建立州际高速公路。最后的第六至第九自然段,文章对州际高速公路给予了肯定的评价。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干线索:nationalstandards；by1921原文定位:第二自然段:1)...by1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads.

62)Beyondthat,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,weightrestrictions,orcommercialsigns.辨析：由原文可知,直到1921年,美国オ有了387,000英里长的公路(pavedroads),但是,除此以外并不存在所谓的国家标准(nationalstandards)对公路的规模、承重限制或商业广告等有所限定。因此,本题说法与原文相悖。1.Y题「线索:GeneralEisenhower：broadGermanmotorways原文定位:第二自然段:"Theoldconvoyhadstartedme…Germany'sAutobahnormotorwayhadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland."辨析:在原文中，艾森豪威尔(GeneralEisenhower)认为双车道高速路(two-lanehighways)有其好的一面,但德国的汽车高速公路却更宽阔,更富于理智。因此,本题可判断为正确。2.Y题干线索:inthe1950s：tookaction原文定位:第四自然段:Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeenhailedasoneofthegreatestpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.辨析：原文告诉我们,1956年第一条州际高速路终于投入使用,而这也被视为20世纪美国最伟大的公共设施之一。因此,本题是对原文意思的转述,故正确。3.Y题干线索:geographicalfeatures原文定位:第四自然段:1)Considerthemanygeographicfeatures...andplains.2)Innovativedesigns...weavetheirwayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerica.辨析:在修建高速公路时,美国纷繁多样的地理特征(如山脉、峭壁、湿地、河流、沙漠等)造成了诸多麻烦。多亏了对道路、隧道、桥梁等极具创意的设计(innovativedesigns)»最终让高速路遍布全美(weavetheirway)。因此本题正确。5.N题干线索:thedeathrateoninterstatehighway原文定位:第六自然段：ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.S.roads.辨析：原文明确指出,美国高速路上的死亡率只是其他公路的一半。因此,本题的说法与原文不符。6.NG题干线索:majormilitaryinstallations原文定位:Thewardemonstrateshowcriticalhighwaysweretothedefenseeffort.辨析:原文只提到二战中高速公路对防御措施的重要性(howcritical..tothedefenseeffort),但并未指明高速公路为美国主要军事据点(majormilitaryinstallations)提供通道。因此,本题信息在原文没有明确指出,故为NG。7.N题干线索:Servicestations；motelsandrestaurants原文定位:第ハ自然段:Notonly...ithasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,andshoppingcenters辨析：原文提到,美国高速公路的发展不近带动了经济的繁荣,同时也带动了周边的服务站、旅舍、饭馆和购物中心的发展。由此可知,本题颠倒了因果关系,故不正确。

75.personalfreedomofmobility题干线索：thegreatestbenefit原文定位:第七自然段:Aboveall,theinterstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheycherishmostpersonalfreedomofmobility.辨析:本题时对原文出处的同义转述,即,州际高速公路对每个人带来的最难能可贵的好处是“最灵活的个人机动性”。答案由此而来。6.75percent题干线索:truck；delivermorethan原文定位:第八自然段:...morethan75percentofthenation'sfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck;辨析:由题干线索,我们可以很快找到原文出处,从而知道,全国超出百分七十五的货物运输是由卡车送达。7.hisvisionandleadership题干线索:renamed；Eisenhower原文定位:最后一自然段:ThehighwaysystemwasofficiallyrenamedforEisenhowertohonorhisvisionandleadership.辨析:本题的inrecognitionof(以资纪念)是对原文tohonor(以示尊敬)的转述,答案因此而来。

8第四步（略）PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意文章对厄尔尼诺现象做了简单的介绍,包括其起源、影响和危害、周期及如今我们对厄尔尼诺现象的掌控情况。第二步:词性分析名词:strengthカ气phenomenonexhaustion筋疲力尽动词:estimate估计notify通报strike打击形容词:tropical热带的stable稳定的worth值钱的;值得的副词:deliberately故意地;精心地现象attraction吸引starvation饥饿strike罢エ;打击worth价值bringing引起（现在分词）destructive破坏性的completely完全地第三步:综合分析47.phenomenon空格前为ー形容词,其后的happens为单数。可推知,空格处为ー单数名词。从前文可知,空格处名词应指代厄尔尼诺这种现象,因此为phenomenon。48.strength从主谓搭配来看,空格处应描绘信风在哪方面减弱（thetradewindslessen）,选项中剩下的五个名词中能形容风力减弱的只有strength〇49.tropical选项中能修饰名词thunderstorms（雷暴）的形容词,并且和闷热、潮湿的空气气候现象相联系的只有tropical,选项中其他两个形容词destructive,ljsevere意思重复,而stable不用来修饰thunderstorms。50.bringing空格处显然为伴随状态,起补充说明作用。选项中只有动词的现在分词形式符合题意,bringing为正确选项。51.Kwhile前后两分句形成结构上和语义上的对比,从选项中剩下的四个名词中选出能和drought（干旱）、poorcrops（农作物歉收）构成语义上的顺承关系的名词是starvation〇52.destructive空格处需要一名词。从后一句话对其带来影响的描述（2,000peopledead），可从两个候选形容词中选出destructive,意为:1982至1983年的厄尔尼诺造成了近代史上最具灾难性的天气。53.worth空格处需要一名词,以与eightbillionpounds搭配修饰damage,选项中worth符合题意,意为:80多亿英镑的损失。54.estimate空格处需要一动词。在三个候选项中,可先排除notify,因其为不及物动词,后接介词of,接着根据句意可排除strike,estimate符合题意,意为:科学家们估计,这是2000年以来厄尔尼诺周期最长的ー次。55.strike空格处需要,动词。与54题原因ー・致,可先排除notify。由于主语为厄尔尼诺,选strike与题意相符,意为:气象专家能预测厄尔尼诺何时来袭。56.completely从空格后的形容词sure可知此处填ー副词。选项中两个副词completely和deliberately,很容易能选completely为正确选项。

9SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文主要对通过各种通讯手段传达信息的真实性进行了探讨。文章以ー个关于通讯媒介诚信度的研究结果为例,引出话题:人们在面对面交流时还是在非直接接触的交流时更容易撒谎。接下来,文章继续深入,以纽约州伊瑟佳市康奈尔大学的JeffHancock教授的研究成果来论证说明，相较于其他即时通讯如电话、谈话而言,人们在诸如电子邮件等非直接交流过程中更容易撒谎。JeffHancock教授分析了造成这ー现象的原因,同时表明将继续深入研发,以期将研究成果用于设计公司雇员间最理想的交流方式。第二步:理解问题、定位选项47.D题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位:第一自然段:Thefirststudytocomparehonestyacrossarangeofcommunicationsmedia...astheyareinemails.分析：本题意在考察Hancock教授研究的中心何在。从原文可知，Hancock教授的这ー研究致カ于“比较人们在各种通讯媒介中的诚实度”,即为D选项所表述的意思。而A选项“人们利用各种通讯媒介撒谎的后果”在原文未曾提及，B选项“通讯科技在传达人际观点上的成功”则只在第一自然段段首出现过，但这并非Hancock教授研究的中心。至于C选项“人们在挑选通讯科技时的参考对象”也没有在文章中出现。48.C题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位：1）第二自然段：…andanastonishing37percentofphonecalls.2）第二自然段:Othersexpectedpeopletoliemoreinface-to-faceexchangesbecausewearemostpracticedatthatformofcommunication.分析:Hancock教授的研究发现，人们在电话或面对面交流时最容易撒谎，因此，他的这ー发现让很多心理学家大吃ー惊。心理学家们的观点分为两派，一派认为人们在电邮等非接触媒介中更易撒谎，另一派则认为面对面交流时人们更易撒谎。因此，Hancock教授的发现显然让前者大吃ー惊。因此，答案为C选项。A选项在文章中未曾提及，B选项与文章意思相悖，而D选项则是Hancock教授的研究结果之一。49.A题型判断：本题为细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位：第四自然段：Peopleappeartobeafraidtoliewhentheyknowthecommunicationcouldlaterbeusedtoholdthemtoaccount,hesays.分析：本题意在考核人们之所以在使用某种通讯工具（如电邮等）时更容易讲实话的原因。从原文可知，人们担心自己的通话会留下证据，所以更倾向于讲实话。由此可见，A选项为正确答案。至于B选项“人们认为诚实是最好的良方”，C选项“人们在使用这些通讯工具时更放松”和D选项“他们在那些交流形式中更加训练有素”在文中都未曾提及。50.B题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干ー句式可知。原文定位:第六自然段：Forinstance,thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth.分析:由Hancock的研究结果可知,销售人员与客户联系时最好采用电话方式,因为在

10电话里往往可以夸大事实,尽量吹嘘产品的优点,因此B选项“销售员在夸夸其谈时毫无限制”为正确答案。其余三个选项都未曾提及。47.C题型判断：本题是推断题。从题干itcanbeinferredfrom可知。原文定位：第六自然段：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.分析:文章末尾,Hancock教授希望他的研究能帮助公司找到员工交流最好的方式。接下来,文章举了两个例子：销售人员借助电话可以夸张产品有点，但是,像业绩评估等需要诚实不欺的地方则最好选用电邮。这告诉我们,不同的交流沟通目的应当选择不同的通讯设备和沟通手段。因此，答案为C选项。其他三项都不是文章末段的主旨所在。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文围绕美国的“安全旅行实施计划”展开阐述。''9.U”事件以后,美国的安全问题被成了全国关注的焦点,为了杜绝类似恐怖事件的发生，美国政府在2001年12月启动了“安全旅行实施计划”,逮捕了一批持假身份证或社保证在机场工作的移民。这ー举动引起了各方面的关注,也引起了各种各样的争论。最直接的影响则在于,被捕的非法移民每天生活在被驱逐出境的威胁中。第二步:理解问题、定位选项48.D题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位:第一自然段：Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood....分析：文章开门见山告诉我们,美国自诩为建立在共同理想（ideals）而非血缘（sharedblood）的基础上。因此，D选项为正确答案。A选项“建立在不同价值理念基础上”与原文意思不符,B选项“鼓励个人追求”在原文中未曾提及，C选项“建立在共同利益基础上”也为提及。49.B题型判断：本题为细节题和语义题的结合。原文定位：第三自然段：ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.分析：对于政府因推行“安全旅行实施计划”在盐湖城逮捕了69人，当地人特别是移民被激怒了（angered）。因此，本题意在寻找angered的同义词。A选项意为“有负罪感的”，B选项“被惹怒的”，C选项“失望的”，D选项意为“失望的”。由此可见，C选项为最佳答案。50.C题型判断:本题是细节题。原文定位:第二自然段：Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers'illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.分析：由原文可知,政府’‘安全旅行实施计划”之所以将盐湖城那些没有合法身份的エ人作为目标对象,是因为他们更容易因其非法身份被恐怖分子勒索、利用。因此,C选项“恐怖分子可能会利用他们的非法身份”符合原文意思。而A选项”有证据显示,他们是潜在的恐怖分子”和D

11选项“据报告，他们对机场周围的恐怖分子提供过帮助”则与原文相悖，原文只提到逮捕的人都是恐怖分子。B选项“他们中大多数人都冒着恐怖袭击的危险在机场工作”在原文未曾提及。47.A题型判断：本题是语义题。从题干bysaying…means可知。原文定位：第四自然段：We'resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we'regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare分析:本题其实是考核我们对looktheother在文章中的意思。该短语原为“故意朝另外一方看”，结合文章上下文我们可知，盐湖城的Anderson市长称当地移民的激愤从某种程度上是可以理解的,但是，他依然希望他们继续留在那些地方（如机场），因为地方当局可以在法律规章下故意朝另一方看（意即故意钻合法的空子,睁ー只眼闭ー只眼）。因此A选项最符合该意思。B选项“我们将用不同方法验证法律”，C选项“另有其他执法手段”和D选项“不能对现行法律置若罔闻”都曲解了原文意思。48.D题型判断：本题为细节题和推断题的结合。从题干whatdowelearn可知。原文定位:最后一自然段：Castro'scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,...andshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry's.分析：整篇文章都在讨论如何安置那些持有非法身份和社保证的移民问题，而被涉及到的人所惴惴不安的就是他们有可能被遣返回国，而Castro的事件只是其中一个案例。文章告诉我们，Castro的案子仍未结案（waitingtobesettled）,目前她能做的只是等待，尽管政府目前通过她的申请，允许她暂回其原工作岗位。由此可见，Castro的去留问题仍然是悬而未决,故答案为D选项。第三步:（略）

122006年12月英语四级真题PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheetl.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.SixSecretsofHigh-EnergyPeopleThere'sanenergycrisisinAmerica,andithasnothingtodowithfossilfuels.Millionsofusgetupeachmorningalreadywearyoverthedayholds.justcan'tgetstarted/,Peoplesay.Butit'snotphysicalenergythatmostofuslack.Sure,wecouldalluseextrasleepandabetterdiet.Butintruth,peoplearehealthiertodaythanatanytimeinhistory.Icanalmostguaranteethatifyoulongformoreenergy,theproblemisnotwithyourbody.Whatyou'reseekingisnotphysicalenergy.It'semotionalenergy.Yet,sadtosaylifesometimesseemsdesignedtoexhaustoursupply.Weworktoohard.Wehavefamilyobligations.Weencounteremergenciesandpersonalcrises.Nowondersomanyofussufferfromemotionalfatigue,akindofutterexhaustionofthespirit.Andyetweallknowpeoplewhoarefilledwithjoy,despitetheunpleasantcircumstancesoftheirlives.EvenasachildIobservedpeoplewhowerepoorordisabledorill,butwhononethelessfacedlifewithoptimismandvigor.ConsiderLauraHillenbrand,whodespiteanextremelyweakbodywrotethebest-sellerSeabiscuit.Hillenbrandbarelyhadenoughphysicalenergytodragherselfoutofbedtowrite.Butshewasfueledbyhavingastoryshewantedtoshare.Itwasemotionalenergythathelpedhersucceed.Unlikephysicalenergy,whichisfiniteanddiminisheswithage,emotionalenergyisunlimitedandhasnothingtodowithgenesorupbringing.Sohowdoyougetit?Youcan'tsimplytellyourselftobepositive.Youmusttakeaction.Herearesixpracticalstrategiesthatwork.1.Dosomethingnew.Verylittlethat'snewoccursinourlives.Theimpactofthissamenessonouremotionalenergyisgradual,buthuge:It'slikeatirewithaslowleak.Youdon'tnoticeitatfirst,buteventuallyyou'llgetaflat.It'suptoyoutoplugtheleak一eventhoughtherearealwaysadozenreasonstostaystuckinyourdullroutinesoflife.That'swhereMaura,36,awaitress,foundherselfayearago.Fortunately,Maurahadalifeline—agroupofwomenfriendswhomeetregularlytodiscusstheirlives.TheirlivelydiscussionsspurredMauratomakesmallbutneverthelesslifealteringchanges.Shejoinedagyminthenexttown.ShechangedherlookwithashorthaircutandnewblackT-shirts.Eventually,Mauragatheredthecouragetoquitherjobandstartherownbusiness.

13Here'sachallenge:Ifit'ssomethingyouwouldn'tordinarilydo,doit.Tryadishyou'venevereaten.Listentomusicyou'dordinarilytuneout.You'lldiscoverthesesmallthingsaddtoyouremotionalenergy.1.Reclaimlife'smeaning.Somanyofmypatientstellmethattheirlivesusedtohavemeaning,butthatsomewherealongthelinethingswentstate.Thefirststepinsolvingthismeaningshortageistofigureoutwhatyoureallycareabout,andthendosomethingaboutit.AcaseinpointisIvy,57,apioneerininvestmentbanking.t4ImistakenlybelievedthatallthemoneyImadewouldmeansomething."shesays."ButIfeellost,likea22-year-oldwonderingwhattodowithherlife?'Ivy'ssolution?ShestartedaprogramthatshowsWallStreetershowtodonatetimeandmoneytopoorchildren.Intheprocess,Ivyfilledherlifewithmeaning.2.Putyourselfinthefunzone.Mostofusgrown-upsareseriouslyfun-deprived.High-energypeoplehavethesameday-to-dayworkastherestofus,buttheymanagetofindsomethingenjoyableineverysituation.ArealestatebrokerIknowkeepsherselfamusedonthejobbymentallyredecoratingthehousessheshowstoclients.UIloveimaginingwhateventhemostrun-downhousecouldlooklikewithyalittletenderlovingcare,"shesays."It'sachallenge—andtheleastdesirablepropertiesareusuallythemostfun."Wealldefinefundifferently,ofcourse,butIcanguaranteethis:Ifyouputjustabitofitintoyourday,youenergywillincreasequickly.3.Bidfarewelltoguiltandregret.Everyone'spastisfilledwithregretsthatstillcausepain.Butfromanemotionalenergypointofview,theyaredeadweightsthatkeepusfrommovingforward.Whiletheycan'tmerelybewilledaway,Idorecommendyouremindyourselfthatwhateverhappenedisinthepast,andnothingcanchangethat.Holdingontothememoryonlyallowsthedamagetocontinueintothepresent.4.Makeupyourmind.Sayyou'vebeenthinkingaboutcuttingyourhairshort.Willitlookstylish—ortooextreme?Youendlesslythinkitover.Havingthedecisionhangingoveryourheadisahugeenergydrain.Everytimeyoucan'tdecide,youburdenyourselfwithalternatives.Quitthinkingthatyouhavetomaketherightdecision;instead,makeachoiceanddon'tlookback.5.Givetoget.Emotionalenergyhasakindofmagicalquality:themoreyougive,themoreyougetback.Thisisthedifferencebetweenemotionalandphysicalenergy.Withthelatter,youhavetogetittobeabletogiveit.Withtheformer,however,yougetitbygivingit.Startbyaskingeveryoneyoumeet,"Howareyou?"asifyoureallywanttoknow,thenlistentothereply.Betheonewhohears.Mostofusalsoneedtosmilemoreoften.Ifyoudon'tsmileatthepersonyoulovefirstinthemorning,you'resuckingenergyoutofyourrelationship.Finally,helpanotherperson一andmakethehelpreal,concrete.Giveamassage(按摩)tosomeoneyoulove,orcookherdinner,Then,expandthecircletowork.Tryaskingyourselfwhatyou'ddoifyourgoalweretobehelpfulratherthanefficient.Afterall,ifit'struethatwhatgoesaroundcomesaround,whynotmakesurethatwhat'scirculatingaroundyouisthegoodstuff?

14注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.TheenergycrisisinAmericadiscussedheremainlyreferstoashortageoffossilfuels.2.Peoplethesedaystendtolackphysicalenergy.3.LauraHillenbrandisanexamplecitedtoshowhowemotionalenergycancontributetoone'ssuccessinlife.4.Theauthorbelievesemotionalenergyisinheritedandgeneticallydetermined.5.Evensmallchangespeoplemakeintheirlivescanhelpincreasetheiremotionalenergy.6.Theyfilledherlifewithmeaningbylaunchingaprogramtohelppoorchildren.7.Thereal-estatebrokertheauthorknowsistalentedinhomeredecoration.8.Peopleholdingontosadmemoriesofthepastwillfinditdifficultto.9.Whenitcomestodecision-making.Oneshouldmakeaquickchoicewithout.10.Emotionalenergyisinawaydifferentfromphysicalenergyinthatthemoreyougive,PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.ThefloodofwomenintothejobmarketboostedeconomicgrowthandchangedU.S.societyinmanyways.Manyin-homejobsthatusedtobedone_47_bywomen—rangingfromfamilyshoppingtopreparingmealstodoing_48_work—stillneedtobedonebysomeone.Husbandsandchildrennowdosomeofthesejobs,a_49_thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.Oraworkingwomanmayfaceacrushing"povertyoftime“andlookforhelpelsewhere,creatingopportunitiesforproducersoffrozenmeals,childcarecenters,drycleaners,financialservices,andthelike.Althoughthereisstillabigwage_50—betweenmenandwomen,theincomeworkingwomen_51_givesthemnewindependenceandbuyingpower".Forexample,womennow_52_abouthalfofallcars.Notlongago,manycardealers_53_womenshoppersbyignoringthemorsuggestingthattheycomebackwiththeirhusbands.Nowcarcompanieshaverealizedthatwomenare_54_customers.It'sinterestingthatsomeleadingJapanesecardealerswerethefirstto_55_payattentiontowomencustomers.InJapan,fewerwomenhavejobsorbuycars—theJapanesesocietyisstillverymuchmale-oriented.Perhapsitwasthe_56_contrastwithJapanesesocietythatpromptedAmericanfirmstopaymoreattentiontowomenbuyers.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答A)scaleI)potentialB)retailedJ)gapC)generateK)voluntaryD)extremeL)excessive

15E)technicallyM)insultedF)affordableN)purchaseG)situationO)primarilyH)reallySectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ReadingnewpeaksofpopularityinNorthAmericaisIcebergWaterwhichisharvestedfromicebergsoffthecoastofNewfoundland,Canada.ArthurvonWiesenberger,whocarriesthetitleWaterMaster,isoneofthefewwatercriticsinNorthAmerica.Asaboy,hespenttimeinthelargercitiesofItaly,FranceandSwitzerland,wherebottledwaterisconsumeddaily.Eventhen,hekeptawaterjournal,notingthebrandshelikedbest.4tMydogcouldtellthedifferencebetweenbottledandtapwater."Hesays.Butisplaintapwaterallthatbad?Notatall.Infact.NewYork'smunicipalwaterformorethanacenturywascalledthechampagneoftapwateranduntilrecentlyconsideredamongthebestintheworldintermsofbothtasteandpurity.Similarly,amagazineinEnglandfoundthattapwaterfromtheThamesRivertastedbetterthanseveralleadingbrandsofbottledwaterthatwere400timesmoreexpensive.Nevertheless,soft-drinkcompaniesviewbottledwaterasthenextbattlegroundformarketshare,despitethefactthatover25percentofbottledwatercomesfromtapwater:PepsiCo'sAquafinaandCoca-Cola'sDasaniarebothpurifiedtapwaterratherthanspringwater.Asdinersthirstforleadingbrands,bottlersandrestaurateurssalivate(垂涎)overtheprofits.Arestaurant'stypicalmark-uponwineis100to150percent,whereasonbottledwaterit'soften300to500percent.Butsincewaterismuchcheaperthanwine,andmanyofthefancierbrandsaren'tavailableinstores,mostdinesdon'tnoticeorcare.Asaresult,somerestaurantsareturningupthepressuretosellbottledwater.AccordingtoanarticleinTheStreetJournal,someofthemoreshamelesstacticsincludeplacingattractivebottlesonthetableforavisualsell,listingbrandsonthemenuwithoutprices,andpouringbottledwaterwithoutevenaskingthedinnersiftheywantit.Regardlessofhowit'ssold,thepopularityofbottledwatertapsintoourdesireforbetterhealth,ourwishtoappearcultivated,andevenalongingforlostpurity.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57.WhatdoweknowaboutIcebergWaterfromthepassage?A)Itisakindoficedwater.B)Itisjustplaintapwater.C)Itisakindofbottledwater.D)Itisakindofmineralwater.

1657.Bysaying"Mydogcouldtellthedifferencebetweenbottledandtapwater"(Para2),Wiesenbergerwantstoconveythemessagethat.A)plaintapwateriscertainlyunfitfordrinkingB)bottledwaterisclearlysuperiortotapwaterC)bottledwateroftenappealsmoretodogstasteD)dogscanusuallydetectafinedifferenceintaste59.The"fancierbrands"(Para5)refersto.A)tapwaterfromtheThamesRiverB)famouswinesnotsoldinordinarystoresC)PepsiCo'sAquafinaandCoca-Cola'sDasaniD)expensivebottledwaterwithimpressivenames60.Whyaresomerestaurantsturningupthepressuretosellbottledwater?A)Bottledwaterbringsinhugeprofits.B)Competitionfromthewineindustryisintense.C)Mostdinersfindbottledwateraffordable.D)Bottledwatersatisfieddiners'desiretobefashionable.61.Accordingtopassage,whyisbottledwatersopopular?A)Itismuchcheaperthanwine.B)Itisconsideredhealthier.C)Itappealstomorecultivatedpeople.D)Itismorewidelypromotedinthemarket.PassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuringdiseasetopreventingdisease—especiallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthybehaviors,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise.Thelineofthoughtinvolvedinthisshiftcanbepursuedfurther.Imagineapersonwhoisabouttherightweight,butdoesnoteatverynutritious(有营养的)foods,whofeelsOKbutexercisesonlyoccasionally,whogoestoworkeveryday,butisnotanoutstandingworker,whodrinksafewbeersathomemostnightsbutdoesnotdrivewhiledrunk,andwhohasnochestpainsorabnormalbloodcounts,butsleepsalotandoftenfeelstired.Thispersonisnotill.Hemaynotevenbeatriskforanyparticulardisease.Butwecanimaginethatthispersoncouldbealothealthier.Thefieldofmedicinehasnottraditionallydistinguishedbetweensomeonewhoismerely“notiirandsomeonewhoisinexcellenthealthandpaysattentiontothebody'sspecialneeds.Bothtypeshavesimplybeencalled"well".Inrecentyears,however,somehealthspecialistshavebeguntoapplytheterms"welFand"wellness"onlytothosewhoareactivelystrivingtomaintainandimprovetheirhealth.Peoplewhoarewellareconcernedwithnutritionandexerciseandtheymakeapointofmonitoringtheirbody'scondition.Mostimportant,perhaps,peoplewhoarewelltakeactiveresponsibilityforallmattersrelatedtotheirhealth.Evenpeoplewhohaveaphysicaldiseaseorhandicap(缺陷)maybe"well"inthisnewsense,iftheymakeanefforttomaintainthebestpossiblehealththeycaninthefaceoftheirphysicallimitations.ttWellness^^mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeoplecanachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.Peoplewhoarewellarelikelytobebetterabletoresistdiseaseandtofightdiseasewhenitstrikes.Andbyfocusingattentiononhealthywaysofliving,theconceptofwellnesscanhaveabeneficialimpactonthewaysinwhichpeoplefacethechallengesofdailylife.62.Todaymedicalcareisplacingmorestresson.A)keepingpeopleinahealthyphysical

17conditionB)monitoringpatients'bodyfunctionsC)removingpeople'sbadlivinghabitsD)ensuringpeople'spsychologicalwell-being63.Inthefirstparagraph,peopleareremindedthat.A)goodhealthismorethannotbeingillB)drinking,evenifnottoexcess,couldbeharmfulC)regularhealthchecksareessentialtokeepingfitD)preventionismoredifficultthancure64.Traditionally,apersonisconsidered"well''ifhe.A)doesnothaveanyunhealthylivinghabitsB)doesnothaveanyphysicalhandicapsC)isabletohandlehisdailyroutinesD)isfreefromanykindofdisease65.Accordingtotheauthor,thetruemeaningof"wellness''isforpeople.A)tobestsatisfytheirbody'sspecialneedsB)tostrivetomaintainthebestpossiblehealthC)tomeetthestricteststandardsofbodilyhealthD)tokeepaproperbalancebetweenworkandleisure66.Accordingtowhattheauthoradvocates,whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplewouldbeconsideredhealthy?A)Peoplewhohavestrongmusclesaswellasslimfigures.B)PeoplewhoarenotpresentlyexperiencinganysymptomsofdiseaseC)Peoplewhotrytobeashealthyaspossible,regardlessoftheirlimitations.D)Peoplewhocanrecoverfromillnessevenwithoutseekingmedicalcare.

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19答案PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.N2.N3.Y4.N5.Y6.Y7.NG8.moveforward9.lookingback10.themoreyougetbackPartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA47-51：OKGJC52-56：NMIHDSectionB57-61：CBDAB62-66：CADBC答案详解PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）解题思路第一步（略）第二步略读文章、把握大意本文就如何保持充沛的精力和阳光的心情提出了六点建议。文章在第一至第四自然段谈及了美国目前面临的“情感能源危机”,告诉我们,情感的调适比体能的调整更加重要。接着,文章针对何种环节“情感能源危机”为我们提供了六点切实可行的建议,即:1）尝试新鲜东西;2）重拾生活的意义;3）没事偷着乐;4）向内疚和懊悔说拜拜;5）不要优柔寡断;6）有舍才有得。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干线索;energycrisis；fossilfuels原文定位;第一自然段:There'sanenergycrisisinAmerica,andithasnothingtodowithfossilfuels辨析;原文开门见山明确告诉我们，美国现在面临着ー种能源危机，但这种能源危机却和石油燃料毫无关联。因此，本题说法与原文相悖。2.N题干线索;lackphysicalenergy原文定位;第一自然段;Butit'snotphysicalenergythatmostofuslack.辨析:文章告诉我们，尽管我们身倦体乏,但我们缺乏的并不是体力。因此,本题说法与原文不符,故不正确。3.V题干线索;LauraHillenbrand；emotionalenergy原文定位;Hillenbrandbarelyhadenoughphysicalenergytodragherselfoutofbedtowrite.,•,Itwasemotionalenergythathelpedhersucceed.辨析;原文提到的LauraHillenbrand身体非常虚弱,但每日还是挣扎着下床写作，后来推出了畅销书Seabisc“ア。文章分析到,其成功的原因正是源于情感能源的支持。因此,本题说法与原文相符，故正确。4.N题干线索:inherited；geneticallydetermined原文定位:第四自然段:...emotionalenergyisunlimitedandhasnothingtodowithgenesorupbringing辨

20析:文章明确告诉我们,体能是有限的,而且会随着年龄渐长而逐渐衰退。但是,情感能源却与之不同,既不受基因限制,也与教养无关。因此,本题认为情感能源是取决于基因的遗传因素,与原文不符。1.Y题干线索:smallchange；increase原文定位:Dosomethingnew部分第三自然段:You'lldiscoverthesesmallthingsaddtoyouremotionalenergy.辨析:文章在这・部分鼓励我们尝试新的东西和挑战,给自己的生活注入新鲜的元素。在该部分末尾,文章告诉我们：我们会发现这些小小的改变会提高自己的情感能源。因此,本题说法正确。2.V题干线索:meaning；program；poorchildren原文定位:Reclaimlife'smeaning部分第二自然段:ShestartedaprogramthatshowsWallStreeters...poorchildren.Intheprocess,Ivyfilledherlifewithmeaning.辨析:文章以Ivy的例子看诉我们,要重新审视生活的意义。Ivy曾以赚钱为生活的唯一目标,但后来却陷入了迷惘,看不清生活的意义所在。因此,她发起了一个活动,游说华尔街人士为贫困儿童捐资和提供援助。文章总结说,Ivy通过这・活动让生活充满了新的意义。因此,本题说法是对文章的一个总结。故正确。3.NG题干线索:real-estate；homeredecoration原文定位:Putyourselfinthefunzone部分:ArealestatebrokerIknowkeepsherselfamusedonthejobbymentallyredecoratingthehousessheshowstoclients.辨析：文中提到的这位房地产经纪人在向客户推荐每一间房子时,都会在自己脑海中勾勒出自己的装修方案,这种小小的快乐让她非常满足。但是,文章并未明确告诉我们,这位经纪人非常具有家装天赋。因此,本题可判断为NG。4.moveforward题干线索:sadmemoriesofthepast原文定位:Bidfarewelltoguiltandregret部分:Butfromanemotionalenergypointofview,theyaredeadweightsthatkeepusfrommovingforward.辨析：由原文可知,沉湎于对过去的懊悔和无奈,只会像沉甸甸的大山压在我们心里,让我们无法前进。因此，本题对原文意思进行了转述,故答案为moveforward。5.lookingback题干线索:decision-making原文定位：Makeupyourmind部分第三自然段:Quitthinkingthatyouhavetomaketherightdecision;instead,makeachoiceanddon'tlookback.辨析：由原文可知,面临抉择时优柔寡断也会给情绪增加压カ。因此,文章劝诫我们,勿需担心抉择是否正确,相反,应该当机立断、不再瞻前顾后。因此,本题应填入lookingback为宜。6.themoreyougetback题干线索:themoreyougive原文定位：Givetoget部分第一自然段:Emotionalenergyhasakindofmagicalquality:themoreyougive,themoreyougetback.Thisisthedifferencebetweenemotionalandphysicalenergy.辨析：文章该部分首句明确告诉我们,情感能源有种近乎魔力的特制：你给予别人的越多,得到的也久越多。文章接着告诉我们,这正是情感能源和体能的区别所在。因此,本题应填入themoreyougetback〇第四步（略）

21PartIVReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意本文讲的是随着妇女社会地位和职场地位的变化,汽车生产、销售市场也发生了•系列的变化。本文前半部分勾勒了妇女在当前社会的地位变化:妇女不再仅仅局限于家务琐事,而是走出家庭、走进社会。后半部分，文章主要描述了汽车市场也开始着手招徒潜在的女性顾客，而日本汽车生产商则在这方面走在了全世界的前面，尽管日本社会如今依然是男性占主导地位。第二步:词性分析名词:scale刻度:等级situation情境potential潜能gap缺ロ,差距purchase购买动词:retailed零售（过去式或过去分词）generate产生insulted侮辱（过去式或过去分词）purchase购买形容词:extreme极端的affordable可提供的voluntary志愿的excessive过度的potential潜在的副词:technically技术上地really真正地primarily基本地:主要地第三步:综合分析47.primarily空格前为ー动词的过去分词，后面为一个介词短语，可推知，空格处应填入ー个副词。候选的三个副词中，primarily从意思上最吻合，指过去许多家务“主要地”是由女性承担。而technically和really从意思上不搭配。48.voluntary修饰名词的应为形容词，因此，空格处应填入，个形容词。形容词备选项共有四个,从句意上分析，voluntary与work在此处搭配最为合适，意指“妇女从事的志愿者义务工作”。extreme和affordable•般不与work搭配，而excessive在此处意思不吻合。49.situation由本句句式可知，逗号后的部分应该为前面的同位语，起补充说明的说明。因此，空格处应填入一个可数名词的单数。上文讲到“丈夫和孩子现在开始做其中一些工作”，可见，这是ー种新的转变和情况。因此,situation为最佳答案。scale,purchase和gap从意思上不符合,potential为不可数名词,故不选。50.gap空格前的wage充当定语，可见，空格处应填入一个可数名词单数。在剩下的四个选项中,排除不可数名词potential,purchase•般不和wage搭配。由between可知，原文在男女之间就エ资的某个层面做比较，而不是进行等级划分。因此，排除scale,则gap为最佳答案，意指“エ资差别”。51.generate从语法角度判断，空格所在的定语从句却少动词谓语。从主谓搭配一致性而言,空格处的动词应为复数动词的・般现在时态，因此，四个候选项中的retailed和insulted被排除，面income不与purchase搭配，因此，答案为generate,意指“女性创造的收入”。52.purchase从主语women和时间副词now可知,空格处应为复数动词的・般现在时态,因此,剩下的三个动词选项中只有purchase符合要求,意指“妇女购买的汽车数量几乎占了汽车总销售量的五成”。53.insulted从时间状语notlongago和主语cardealers可以判断,空格处应为动词的一般过去时态。剩下的两个动词选项中,retailed不能和womenshoppers搭配指"零售妇女买家”,因此,答案为insulted,意指‘‘不久前许多汽车经销商还羞辱过妇女买家,要么对她们不理不睬，要么劝她们下次和老公一道再过来看”。54.potential修饰名词customers的应为形容词。在剩ド的四个形容词选项中，affordable不与customer搭配，excessive一般形容"度”和"量”,也不适宜与customer搭配。extreme指"行为举止、思想的过激和极端”，不应该是汽车厂家现在对女性顾客的定位。potential则是最好选择,

22指"现在许多汽车厂家意识到了女性是潜在的汽车消费者。”47.really空格处应填入一个副词，对后面的payattention起修饰作用。副词选项还剩ドtechnically和really两个，如果选前者，则下文应该交代日本的汽车商如何从技术角度为女性着想，但下文并未有此描述。因此，此处选择really,意指"日本一些主要的汽车经销商最先开始真正关注女性顾客。”48.extreme空格后的contrast显然应该为名词,因此，这个强调句型中的空格处应该填入ー个形容词来修饰contrast。从上文可知，日本现在依然是以男性为主导，但是日本的汽车商却最先关注女性购买群体，可见,这两种现象构成了一种非常极端的对比。因此，extreme为最佳选项。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文以•种在北美颇有盛名的瓶装水品牌IcebergWater开篇,引出了对瓶装水与自来水、酒孰优孰劣的比较。在对瓶装水的受欢迎程度进行描述的基础上，文章也肯定了某些自来水在水质和口感上的优势所在。接着，文章着重分析了某些昂贵的瓶装水在饭店大行其道的现象和原因。最后,文章总结了瓶装水之所以受我们热烈追捧的三点原因。第二步:理解问题、定位选项57.C题型判断:本题为推断题。由题干—whatdoweknow可知。原文定位:1)第一・自然段:Reading...fromicebergsoffthecoast...Canada.2)通读全文分析:从IcebergWater的拼写方式,我们可以大胆推测这是某种专有品牌，因此可以排除B选项"某种自来水”,因为自来水一般没有品牌可言。从第一自然段中的“harvested...offthecoasJ,我们可以进ー步推断出,这种物品采取自加拿大纽芬兰岛海洋中的冰川,因此可以排除A选项“某种冰镇水”和D选项"某种矿泉水”。同时，浏览完全文后我们发现，整篇文章谈论的都是"瓶装水”(bottledwater)之所以流行的原因。由此,我们可以大胆推断答案为C选项"某种瓶装水”。58.B题型判断:本题为语义题与推断题的结合。由题干bysaying…toconveythat可知。原文定位:第二自然段:Asaboy,hespenttimeinthelargercities...wherebottledwaterisconsumeddaily....journal,notingthebrandshelikedbest.分析：要解答好此题，应从引语处的上文寻求证据。上文告诉我们，Wiesenberger打小就在意大利、法国和瑞士的大城市中游历,而在那些地方,瓶装水是常见的日用消费品。同时,Wiesenberger还将自己最钟爱的瓶装水品牌记录在日志中。可见,他自诩说“连我家的狗都能区分出自来水和瓶装水”应当是表现其对瓶装水的拥护和喜爱。因此,答案应为B选项“瓶装水优于自来水”。A选项“纯自来水不宜饮用”在文中未曾提及，C选项“瓶装水更符合狗的味口”只是引语的表面意思,而D选项“狗通常能辨别细微的味道差别”则将意思夸大了。59.D题型判断:本题是语义题。由题干referto可知。原文定位:第五自然段：Butsincewaterismuchcheaperthanwine,andmanyofthefancierbrandsaren'tavailableinstores,mostdinesdon'tnoticeorcare.分析：上文提到，酒的利润是100-150%,而瓶装水的利润是300-500%,但是，水的价格比酒依然低许多。因此，从句意顺承的角度来判断,fancierbrands应该为某种水,故可排除B选项“普通

23商店不贩售的昂贵酒”和选项C“百事旗下Aquafina饮料的和可口可乐旗下的Dasani饮料”。再结合上下文分析,正是由于水的价格整体比酒便宜,所以很多食客在就餐时都未曾留心这些在ー般小店买不到的昂贵的水，因此可能会多花很多冤枉钱。故D选项“有着令人过目难忘名字、昂贵的瓶装水”为正确答案。A选项“来自于泰晤士河的自来水”则完全不相关。59.A题型判断：本题为细节题。由题干句式可知。原文定位：第五自然段:Asdinersthirstforleadingbrands,bottlersandrestaurateurssalivateovertheprofits.分析：题目出现处的‘'asaresult”为我们提供了线索,因此,我们只需在“asaresuh”前面寻找,就能找到造成这种局面的原因。文章明确告诉我们：由于食客们对名牌都有着渴求,因此瓶装水生产商和饭店都对其中的利润垂涎三尺。可见，ー些饭店顶着压カ都要出售瓶装水实在是为利所趋,因此,答案为A选项“瓶装水会带来巨额利润”。B选项“来自酒业的竞争十分激烈”与题目毫无关联,C选项“大多数食客发现瓶装水价格在可承受范围内”和D选项“瓶装水满足了食客们追逐时尚的需求”在文中并未提及。60.B题型判断：本题是细节题。山题干accordingto可知。原文定位：最后一自然段:Regardlessofhowit'ssold,thepopularity...forbetterhealth,ourwishtoappearcultivated,andevenalongingforlostpurity.分析：文章明确告诉我们，无论瓶装水以何种方式售卖,它都赢得了我们的支持,因为它既满足了我们对健康的渴求，也能让我们看上去更像受过良好教育,甚至还能唤醒我们对遗失的纯真的渴望。A选项“瓶装水比酒便宜”不是文章提及的原因。C选项“瓶装水更吸引有教养的人”混淆了文章中的逻辑关系。D选项“瓶装水的市场推广范围更广”在文中未曾提及。因此，答案为B选项“人们认为瓶装水更健康”。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本章主要围绕什么是“健康”（Wellness）展开阐述和议论。文章告诉我们,那些看上去“没有生病”的人其实远远谈不上健康，而目前对于健康的定义已经从“没有生病”转向“主动寻求健康”,健康实质上更多的是ー种为了健康而努力追求的理念,而不仅仅是某种状态而已。第二步:理解问题、定位选项61.C题型判断:本题是细节题。由题「句式可知。原文定仪:第一自然段:...thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshifting...changingourmanyunhealthybehaviors....分析：文章开门见山指出,医疗护养的重心已经从治病转移到了防治,即,改变我们的许多不健康的生活习惯。因此，只有C选项”去除人们的不良生活习性”オ是原文意思的同义替换，故答案为C。而A选项“让人们保持健康的身体状态”则应是当前医疗护养的目的,B选项“监控病人的身体技能”和D选项“确保人们的心理健康”在文中都未曾提及。62.A题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位：第一自然段：Thispersonisnotill.Hemaynotevenbeatriskforanyparticulardisease.Butwecanimaginethatthispersoncouldbealothealthier.分析:为了说明预防的重要性，文章在第一自然段以某人为例列举了许多看似正常，却有患病可

24能的症状。对此类人,文章说道，他“没有生病，也没有罹患任何特定疾病的危险”。接着，文章用but进行转折告诉我们，我们还可以假定这个人可能很健康。因此，A选项“我们还得提醒人们，健康身体还是比仅仅没有生病的情况多”是对文章意思的同义转述，故为正确答案。B选项“喝酒，即使没有过度，都会有害健康”，C选项’‘定期体检有助于保持健康”和D选项“预防难于治疗”在原文中都未曾提及。59.D题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干句式可知。原文定位：第二自然段：1)Thefieldofmedicinehasnottraditionallydistinguished...hebody'sspecialneeds.2)Inrecentyears...thosewhoareactivelystrivingtomaintainandimprovetheirhealth.分析：本题考察我们对文章两句细节的把握。原文第一处细节谈到医学领域传统上没有区分开那些仅仅是“没有生病”的人和另外一些“身体特棒,而且主动关心身体需要”的人。由此可知,对于什么叫“well”有两种截然不同的看法。原文第二处细节告诉我们，近来，健康专家们倾向于将后者称为“weU”。因此,前者“没有生病”应该是传统意义上对“well”的定义。故D选项“没有任何病患”作为对原文意思的转述,是本题的最佳答案。60.B题型判断：本题是语义题。从题干themeaning可知。原文定位：第二自然段：“Wellness"mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeoplecanachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.分析：本题虽为语义题，但实质上是一道简单的细节考察题。对于何谓“wellness”，文章给出的解释是：它不是人们能够达到的某种状态,而是人们渴望企及的某种理念。因此，“wellness”应该是B选项所说的“人们保持最佳健康可能性的渴望”。而A选项“人们尽量满足身体特定需求”,B选项“满足保持身体健康的最严格的标准”和D选项“在工作与体闲两者间保持适度平衡”都谈论的是某种状态，没有揭示“wellness”所指的那种理念。61.C题型判断:本题是推断题。从题干whichof可知。原文定位：第二自然段：“Wellness"mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeoplecanachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.分析：本题其实是65题考察点的延伸。本题要求我们选择哪些人是健康的人群，实质上也是考察我们对“wellness”定义的了解,因此,C选项“那些不顾自身限制而尽力保持健康的人”符合文章对“wellness”是ー种理念和努力的定义，因此为正确答案。A选项“那些有强壮肌肉或苗条身段的人”在文中未曾提及。B选项“那些目前尚未呈现出任何疾病症状的人”是传统意义上的“wellness”，而D选项“那些无需寻求医疗养就能从并重痊愈的人”也在文中没有提及。第三步:（略）

25仿真模拟ModelTestOnePartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.WindowsVistaFeatures[字数:1188难易程度:★★★[Easier,safer,andmoreentertaining•••anytimeandanywhereLookingfordetails?HerearethreewaysyoucanexplorethefeaturesinWindowsVista:CommunicationIt'snowsaferandeasiertoconnectwiththepeoplewhomattermost一you'vegotawealthofoptionswithWindowsVista.•SeethesitesinawholenewwayTogether,WindowsVistaandWindowsInternetExplorer*7canhelpreducethenumberofopenwindowsyouneedandmakeiteasiertochoosetheoneyouwant.Browsemultiplewebpagessimultaneouslyinasinglewindowusingtabbedbrowsing,orusetochooseawebpagefromahandythumbnailviewofallopenpages.Bestyet,justclick“print“foranink-and-paperrenditionofexactlywhatyouseeonanygivenpage.It'sneverbeeneasier•Setyourownrulesforyourkids'PCtimeTheParentalControlsbuiltintoWindowsVistahelpyourkidsusethePCmoresafelyandproductively.Monitorusage,settimelimits,setbrowsingandprogramcontrols,andretrievedetailedactivityreportswithease.Everyfamilyandeverychildisdifferent,andparentalcontrolsenableyoutocreatecustomusageprofilestailoredtoeachchild'sagelevelandinterests.Aschildrengrowandmature,youcanmodifytheirprofilesaccordingly.•Keepyourselfsafewhileyoumanageyoure-mailIfyou'relikemostpeople,usinge-mailisoneofyourmostimportantcomputeractivities;itenablesyoutokeepintouchwithfamily,friends,andcolleaguesacrosstownoraroundtheworld.Asthepopularityandimportanceofe-mailhavegrownovertheyears,annoyancesandriskshavealsoemerged.Theseincludejunkmail,virusesdeliveredthroughe-mailandattachments,andattacksaimedatacquiringyourpersonalinformationandenablingcriminalstostealyouridentity.WindowsMailaddressestheseseriousconcernswhileaddingnewfeaturesthatenableyoutosearchandmanagetheincreasinglylargenumberofmessagesyoureceive.WindowsMailisdesignedtoenableyoutoeasilyreadyoure-mailwhilehelpingkeepyousafe,andtomakeallofyoure-mailcommunicationfunandhassle-free.•ProductivityTimeisprecious.Morethanever,youneedanoperatingsystemthat'ssimple,intuitive,andevenfun—so

26youcanzipthroughtasksanddevotemoretimetothethingsthatmattermostinyourlife.•SafeguardyourdataHelpkeepyoursystemsafefromdatalossusingScheduledandNetworkBackup,availableintheHomePremium,Business,andUltimateeditionsofWindowsVista.Automaticallyscheduledbackupsandyourchoiceofbackupdestinationshelpyoutorecoveryourdataintheeventofhardwarefailure.It'seasytorestoreyourPCortobringanewPCtoyourcurrentstateusingCompletePCBackupandRestore.Together,thesefeatureshelpsafeguardeverylastbitofyourPCsettings,programs,andpersonaldata.CompletePCBackupispartofWindowsVistaBusinessandWindowsVistaUltimate.WindowsBitLockerDriveEncryption,availableinWindowsVistaEnterpriseandWindowsVistaUltimate,providesfull-volumeencryptionandboot-integritycheckingtohelpmakesureyourdatastaysconfidential,evenifyourPCislostorstolen.Thesystemwilldecryptdataonlyiftheearlybootcomponentsappearunmolestedandiftheencrypteddriveisintheoriginalcomputer.•SortyourlifemomentbymomentSortyourlifemomentbymoment一WindowsPhotoGallerymakesitmucheasiertofindandsharethatextra-specialshot.Organizeyourimagesbydate,place,person,starrating一oranytagyouchoose一andfindthemwithease,evenifyouhavethousands.Yougetbasicphoto-editingcapabilitiesforeasytouchupjobs.Whenyouwanttoenjoyyourphotocollection,ittakesjustasingleclicktolaunchaslideshow.Ifyouwanttoviewmultipleimagesatonce,youcaneasilyresizeafolder'sthumbnailimagestoasizethatbestsuitsyourbrowsing.UseWindowsMovieMakertoexpressyourselfusingcooleffectsandtransitions.Ifyou'reusingWindowsVistaHomePremiumorWindowsVistaUltimate,youcanthenuseWindowsDVDMakertoburnyourcreationstovideoDVDsforviewingonPCsorstand-aloneDVDplayers.Memories•Liveittoday.ReliveittomorrowAreyourfavoritepicturesstuckonyourPC?Areyoustillstrugglingtocreatethatperfecthomemovie?WindowsVistaprovidessimplifiedtoolsforimporting,editing,andorganizingyourpicturesandvideos.Andyoucanalsoviewandsharetheminentirelynewways-easily.WindowsPhotoGallerymakesitmucheasiertofind,enjoy,andsharethatextra-specialshot.Organizeyourimagesbydate,place,person,starrating-oranytagyouchoose一andfindthemataglance,evenifyouhavethousands.ThinkofWindowsPhotoGalleryasyourpersonaltreasuryofdigitalmemories,aplacethatcentralizesallyourpicturesandthetoolsyouneedtoworkwiththem.Andtakeadvantageofthethemed,animatedslideshowstoviewyourphotosinfullglory.•Enjoyyourmemories,largerthanlifeUseWindowsMediaCentertosharebig,beautifulpicturesandhomevideos,rightonyourTV.Yourentirelibraryofdigitalphotosandvideoisallthere.Addyourownsoundtracktosetapartymood,orpasstheremotetoletfriendsandfamilyjoininthefun.YoucanenjoythebenefitsofWindowsMediaCenter(availableintheHomePremiumandUltimateeditionsofWindowsVista)throughoutyourhouse:Keepyourcomputerinthestudy,forinstance,anduseawirelessorwiredhomenetworktoconnectittoanXbox360videogameandentertainmentsystemtodisplaythefullexperienceonyourlivingroomTV-completewithremotecontrolconvenience.GamingWindowsVistadeliverssimplygreatgaming.PlayingthegamesyoulovewithWindowsVistaiseasier,moreexciting,andmorefunthaneverbefore.Choosefromawideselectionofgamesandexperienceamazinglyrealistic3-Dgraphicsinasafergamingenvironmentforthewholefamily.

27•ExperiencethefutureofgamingPlaythenextgenerationingaming,withhyper-realisticvisualsandincredibleperformance.WithDirectX10included,WindowsVistawillbeabletorunthelatest,mostgraphicallyadvancedgames.YoucanevenpluganXbox360controllerintoyourPCanduseittoplayactiongamesthewaytheyweremeanttobeplayed.•PutmoreplaytimeinyourfamilytimeWhetheryou'reafanoffirst-personshootersorapuzzleenthusiast,onesimplefactstandstall:youdon'thavetobeahard-coregamertojoininthefun.WindowsVistahasthepowerandperformanceyouneedtofullyenjoytoday'sgames.Fromthesimpletothespectacular,you'llfindPCandonlinegamesforWindowsforeveryageandability.Andnowyoucanenjoytheminawholenewway.WithpremiumgamesandWindowsMediaCenterincluded,WindowsVistaHomePremiumandWindowsVistaUltimatemakeitpossibleforyoutoplayandviewthenewChessTitansandMahjongTitansrightonyourTVsothewholefamilycansavorthecompetition.Questions:1.WindowsVistamakesitpossibleforuserstoviewmorethanonewebpageatonceinasinglewindowwithasimpleclick.2.WithWindowsVista,rulesofparentalcontrolscanbetailoredtodifferentfamiliesandkidsofvaryingages.3.Itisuniversallyacceptedthatvirusesaremostlytransmittedthroughemailstoourcomputers.4.WindowsMailisdesignedtoshootsuchtroublesasjunkmail,email-attachedvirusesandlossofpersonalinformation.5.Weshouldn'tnecessarilyworryaboutdatalosssinceWindowsVistaprovidesusanautomaticallyscheduledbackupservice.6.UsersofWindowsVistacanonlyorganizetheirphotogallerybytaggingtheirslifemomentsbydata,place,person,orstarrating.7.WiththehelpofWindowsVistaHomePremiumorWindowsVistaUltimate,wecanburnDVDofourownandviewthemanytimeanywhere.8.WithWindowsMediaCenter,itisavailabletosharerightonourTV.9.Ifwewanttoplayactiongame,wecanevenpluganintoourPC.10.WindowsVistacanhelpusfullyenjoytoday'sgameswithits.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletterYoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:254难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］TheGreatStBernardPass_11—SwitzerlandtoItaly.At2470meters,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofStBernard,whichwas_12—intheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,StBernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravelers_13_thedangerousPass.Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatch-dogseveninRomantimes.Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassisless_14_,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutinto

28thesnowwheneveratravelerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewho_15—attempttocrossthePassonfoot.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecial_16_.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperature_17_to—300candveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.Themonks_18_wintertosummerfortheyhavemore_19_.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.Theonly_20_visitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatStBernard'smonastery.A)regularI)privacyB)travelingJ)dropsC)connectsK)turnD)wildlyL)enclosureE)dangerousM)foundedF)spaceN)blindlyG)preferO)unusualH)crossingSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:301难易度:★★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa“globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvaluesofdoingbushinessabroad.Inmodemmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutmind".Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent.ThankstoaVarityofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguagesofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedfropeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountriesprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthe

29telephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.21.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?A)CriticalB)PrejudicedC)IndifferentD)Positive22.FromPassage2weknowthatbusinesspeople.A)havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnologyB)aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperationsC)areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasoperationsD)areshiftingtheirattentionfromdomesticmarkettooverseasmarket23.Inthispassage,"outofsightandoutofmind"(Para.3)probablymeans.A)beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsightB)beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathomeC)missingopportunitiesfropromotionwhenabroadD)leavingallcareandworrybehind24.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday.A)connectionswithbusinessoverseas.B)abilitytospeaktheclient'slanguage.C)technicalknow-howD)businessexperience25.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan.A)bettersmoothoverproblemsinnegotiationsB)easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneedsC)fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquartersD)easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroadPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:383难易度:★★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］AnAmericansoldierreferstoanIraqiprisoneras"it."Ageneralspeaksnotof"Iraqifighters"butof"theenemy."Aweaponsmanufacturerdoesn'ttalkaboutpeoplebutabout"targets."Bulletsandbombsarenottheonlytoolsofwar.Wordstooplaytheirpart.Humanbeingsaresocialanimalsgeneticallydesignedtofeelcompassiontowardothers.Undernormalconditionsmostpeoplefinditverydifficulttokill.Butinwarmilitaryrecruitsmustbepersuadedthatkillingotherpeopleisnotonlyacceptablebutevenhonorable.Thelanguageofwarisintendedtobringaboutthatchangeandnotonlyforsoldiersinthefield.Thespecificwordschangefromculturetocultureandwartowar.Thenamesneednotbeobviouslydemeaning.Justthefactthatwecannamethemgivesusasenseofsuperiorityandcontrol.TheGreeksandRomansreferredtoeveryoneelseas"barbarians"—etymologicallythosewhoonlybabbleonlygo"barbar."DuringtheAmericanRevolutiontheBritishcalledthecolonists"Yankees"atermwithahistorythatisstillindispute.WhiletheBritishintendeditdisparaginglytheAmericansinperhapsthefirsthistoricalinstanceofreclamationmadethewordtheirownandgaveitapositivespinturningthederisivesong"YankeeDoodle"intotheUnitedStates'firstifunofficialnationalanthem.ThewarinIraqhasaddednewexamples.SomeAmericansoldiersrefertotheIraqisas"hajis"usedinaderogatorywayapparentlyunawarethatthewordwhichcomesfromtheArabictermforapilgrimagetoMeccaisusedasatermofrespectforolderMuslimmen.

30Theterrorsanduncertaintiesofwarmakelearningthiskindoflanguageespeciallycompellingforsoldiersonthefront.Butciviliansbackhomealsoneedtobelievethatwhattheircountryisdoingisjustandnecessaryandthatthekillingtheyaresupportingisinsomewaydifferentfromthekillingincivilianlifethatisrightlypunishedbythecriminaljusticesystem.Theuseofthelanguagedevelopedformilitarypurposesbyciviliansreassuresthemthatwarisnotmurder.Thereasoningis:theyarenotreallyhumansotheywillnotfeelthepain.Oncelanguagedrawsthatlineallkindsofmistreatmentbecomeimaginableandthenjustifiable.21.WhatcanbeinferredfromPara.1?A)Wordsspeaklouderthanbulletsandbombsinwartime.B)Nowarcanproceedwithoutalanguagecampaign.C)Someunusualnamingwilloccurinwartime.D)Language,aswellasbulletsandbombs,isanindispensableweaponinwartime.22.Whatdoestheword"demeaning"inPara.2mostprobablymean?A).PleasantB).HumiliatingC)ExoticD)Odd23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthelanguageofwarisNOTtrue?A)Itisintendedtomakesoldiersacceptandhonorkilling.B)Itservesthepurposeofjustifyingkilling.C)Itdiffersinwordsandmeaningsfromculturetoculture.D)Itcomeseasyandgoeseasy.24.Whydothesoldierstakeonandspreadthespecificwordsagainsttheirrivalinwartime?A)Becauseofterrorsanduncertaintiesofwar.B)Becausetheyneedtoreassurethemselvesthattheirkillingisimmunefromcriminaljusticepunishment.C)Becausethelanguagehelpsisolatethosetheyarekillingfromhumanbeingsinnormalsense.D)Alloftheabove.25.Whatisthebasictoneofthepassage?A)CriticalB)FactualC)PositiveD)IndifferentSectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:269难易度:★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］In1984,thesummerGamesreturnedtotheUnitedStatesforthefirsttimesincetheSecondWorldWarandtoLosAngelesforthesecondtime.Itsfirsteffort,in1932,washitbytheGreatDepressionandthisonealsohadproblems:theSovietUnionand13CommunistalliesstayedhomeinanobviouspaybackfortheWest'sindifferencetoMoscowin1980.RomaniawastheonlyWarsawPactcountrytocometoL.A..IntheabsenceoftheawesomeEasternEuropeantrackteam,theAmericanspredictablywerethebiggestbeneficiaries,butCarlLewiswouldhavebeenaworthchampionevenifthewholeworldhadbeenpresent.TheyoungCalifornianemulatedthegreatJesseOwens48yearsbeforetowinthe100m,200m,longjumpandsprintrelay,andwasthetruetrackstaroftheGames.Chinaforthefirsttimesince1952sent353athletestoparticipatein16events,winningfifteengold,eightsilverandninebronzemedals.ThefirstOlympicchampioninChinesehistorywasXuHaifeng.SebastianofBritainbecamethefirstrepeatwinnerofthe1,500meterssince1906.Romaniangymnast

31EcaterinaSzabomatchedLewis'fourgoldmedalsandaddedasilver,butthedarlingoftheGameswaslittle16yearoldMaryLouRetton,whowonthewomen'sAllAroundwithapairof10sinherlasttwoevents.TheL.A.OlympicswerethefirstprivatelyfinancedGameseverandmadeanunheardofprofitof$215million.TimemagazinewassoimpressedbyitandnamedorganizingpresidentPeterUeberrothitsManoftheYear.21.WhattroubledL.A.whenithostedthesummerGamesforthefirsttime?22.WhydidtheSovietUnionand13Communistalliesrefusetoshowupin1984L.A.Olympics?23.WhousedtoberegardedasthearchrivalofAmericainthesummerGames?24.HowmanyyearshasChinabeenabsentfromthesummerGamesupto1984L.A.Games?25.WhatimpressedTimemagazinesomuchaboutthe1984L.A.Games?

32ModelTestTwoPartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HowYouCanWeighYourRiskWhenTakingMedicine[字数:1122难易程度:★★★★]Worriedaboutprescriptiondrugs?WhenthepainrelieverVioxxwaswithdrawnfromtheworldwidemarketlastSeptemberaftertheannouncementthatitincreasedpatients,riskofheartattacksandstrokes,millionspanicked.Suddenly,adsforthedrugwerereplacedwithadslookingforVioxx“victims”.NotonlydidpatientsstoptakingVioxxbut,doctorssay,manypeoplestoppedtakingtheirothermedicines,too一sometimesputtingtheirhealthatseriousrisk.Thesometimes-sensationalizedheadlinesdidn'thelp.Peoplewondered.ShouldItrustmydoctors?CouldwhatIthoughtwouldhelpmeactuallykillme?Isthedrugsafetysystembroken?Americanshavesomehowcometobelievetheyshouldgetthebestmedicalcarewiththelatestremedieswithnosideeffects.Butthereisnodrugthatdoesn'thavesideeffects.PeterCorr,headofworldwideresearchanddevelopmentfordrugmanufacturerPfizersays,"Asasocietyweexpectmedicinetobeperfect.Thereisnosuchthing.Thereisalwaysarisk."HowtomakeinformeddecisionsSincethereisnosuchthingasapillthatiscompletelysafe,includingaspirin,consumershavetoacceptthedichotomy(・分为ー)thatthesamemedicinesthatextendandenhanceourlivesmayhurtus.Someofthemmaymerelyhaveminorsideeffects,whileothersareabletocausedeath.Sohowshouldyouandyourdoctorproceed?LWeightherisksandbenefitsofanydrug.Asasmartconsumeryoumustdecidewhetheradrugis"safeenough"foryou.Thegreaterthebenefit,themoreriskyoumaybewillingtotake.Ifyourillnessismildandnotverybothersome,youmaydecidethatanyriskistoobigandoptagainsttakinganymedicationsatall.Onthecontrary,ifyourillnessisseriousorpotentiallylifethreatening,youmayevenbewillingtotryanexperimentaldrugwithgreaterriskforserioussideeffects.ZenaMcAdams,59,aregionalclergymaninMacon,Georgia,haslivedwithaconditionthatcauseschronicpainformanyyears.ForalongtimeshetookOTCibuprofen(布洛芬,一・种镇痛,非处方药)，“Imeanlotsofit,"shesays.Inthespringof2001,herdoctorprescribedVioxx.Takenonlyonceaday,itwas“remarkable,"shesays."Itookiteverydaytillitwastakenoffthemarket/'Afterspeakingtoherdoctor,sheswitchedtoCelebrexlastOctober.Itwasalsoeffectiveincontrollingtheachesandpainsassociatedwithhercondition—untilsheheardconcernsthatit,too,hadseriouspotentialsideeffects.Shetalkedtoherdoctor,weighedtherisksversusthebenefitsanddecidedthatherqualityoflifewasmostimportant.4tThereisalwaysthatnastyfeelingaboutsafety,“shesays,

33“butthereisnoreasontothinkthatIhaveanyheartproblems.Thebenefitsatthispointinmylifecertainlyoutweightherisks.Thedrugworks.Iteasesthepain."2.Beespeciallycautiousaboutnewdrugs.Newdrugsareinherentlyrisky.Soifyou'retakingone,monitoryourselfcarefully.Haveyoureatinganddigestivehabitschanged?Areyoufeelingunusuallytiredoragitated?Haveyourbreathingpatternsorskincolorchanged?Ifso,callyourdoctorimmediately,whomaytellyoutostoptakingthedrug.Howdoesaconsumerknowthatadrugisnew?Askyourdoctoror（药剂师）？Ifyouhaveachoicebetweentwoormoreequallyeffectivedrugs,choosetheonewithalongertrackrecordofsafety.Ifyouaretakingadruginthesameclassasonethathasbeenrecalled,itiscarefultoaskyourdoctorifthatdrugplacesyouatgreaterrisks.3.Knowifyou9reinahigh-riskgroup.Althoughscientistsstilldon'tknowpreciselywhy,certainindividualshavebadreactionstoadrugortoaparticulardoseofadrug,whileothersdon't.Menmetabolize（新陈代谢）drugsdifferentlythanwomendo,forexample.Beespeciallywatchfulifyouareveryyoung,veryoldorpregnant.Drugsusuallyaren'ttestedonthesegroups."Iworrythemostabouttheelderly,''saysAvorn.'Theyarevastlyunder-representedintrialsofdrugs,yettheyarethemostlikelytobetakingthedrugswhentheyareapproved.''4.Asktherightquestions.Whenyougetanewprescription,neverleavethedoctor'ssurgerywithoutaclearunderstandingofwhyyou'retakingthedrug,howtotakeit,andhowyou'llknowifit'sworking.Evenifitmakesyouabituncomfortable,ask.Youareresponsibleforyourownhealthandsafety."Ifthedoctordoesn'twanttoanswerquestions,youshouldprobablyfindanotherdoctor,"saysAvom.Afteryourvisit,ifyoustillhavequestions,callore-mailthedoctor.Useyourpharmacistasanexpertconsultantforanyadditionalconcernsyouhaveaboutthedrugoritssideeffects.Youcanaskthepharmacistfortheprofessionalpackageinsert（插页）forthedrug,saysCorr.Althoughit'swrittenforhealthcareproviders,itincludesinformationonclinicaltrialsandsideeffects.Also,ifthere'sbeenalabelchange,withnewinformationaboutthedrugoranywarnings,itwillbepartofthePPI（保险证明）.Orrequestmoreconsumer-friendlyinformation,whichshouldtellyouhowtousethedrugproperlyandwarnofanyprecautions.Ybucanalsocallthedrugcompany'stoll-freenumberformoreinformation,orgotoitsweb-site.5.Beinformed,andfollowdirectionscarefully.Checkthatthepillsyoureceivearethecorrectones.Errorscropupinthedispensingofmedications;It'seasytoconfuseproductswithsimilarnames（forexample,ZantacandXanax）.Readtheinstructionsandtakeyourpillsexactlyasprescribed.Bealertforexpirationdates,andstayattentivetorecallsandwarnings.Tellyourdoctoraboutanyothermedicationsyoutake,eitherprescribedorOTC（overthecounter）.Druginteractionscancauseseriousproblems.Forexample,Posicor,ananti-hypertensivedrug（治な咼血压的药），wastakenoffthemarketbecauseitcouldcausebloodpressuretodropsharplywhenusedwithotherheartmedications.Ifyoufillallyourprescriptionsatthesamestore,thepharmacistmaybeabletowarnyouofknowninteractions.Itisvitallyimportantthatpatientsandtheirdoctorsprovidefeedbacktomanufacturersandregulatorsiftheyhaveanysuspicionofaproblem.Thenthesesignalswillbeknownandcanbeanalyzedtoseeiftheyaremorewidespread,whichcouldsavelives.Questions:1.Everydrughassomesideeffects,butmerelysomeminorandsomeserious.2.Thegreaterthebenefit,thelessriskyouaretotake.3.AlthoughCelebrexhasseriouspotentialsideeffects,ZenaMeAdamsstilltakesittoeasesherpainsbecauseshebelievesthebenefitscertainlyoutweightherisks.

341.Newdrugsaremoreriskythanolddrugs.2.Itisstillnotpreciselyknownwhycertainindividualshavebadreactionstoadrugortoaparticulardoseofadrug,whileothersdon't.3.Whentakingyourpills,itisabsolutelynecessarytoreadtheinstructions.4.Itisofgreatsignificancethatpatientsandtheirdoctorsprovidefeedbacktomanufacturersandregulatorsiftheyaresuspiciousofanyproblem.5.Ifyouarefacedwithachoicebetweentwoormoreequallyeffectivedrugs,itiswisetochoosetheonewith.6.Whentakingdrugs,itistheveryyoung,veryoldwhoshouldbeespeciallywatchful,formenmetabolizedrugsdifferentlythanwomendo.7.Communicatetheinformationofmedicationsyoutaketoyourdoctor,becausedruginteractionscancause.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:263难易程度:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkablefirstforwhatit_11—:fromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsporttobusinesstofashiontoscience,andthe_12_ofcommentandspecialfeaturesaswell,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewsto_13—ofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:never_14_,neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandout,—15—atonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavarietyto_16—manydifferentreaders,butfarmorethananyonereaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality(时事性),its—17—relationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethantransient(短暂的)value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthe_18_paper:whateachpersondoesistoputtogetheroutofthepagesofthatday'spaper,hisownselectionandsequence,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapers_19—,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,—20—skillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.A)immediateI)glancingB)skippingJ)sameC)instantK)suggestsD)partiallyL)completely

35E)employM)criticismF)demandsN)rangeG)attractO)efficientlyH)containsSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:358难易度:★★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］BankofAmerica,holdingcompanyfortheSanFrancisco-basedBankofAmerica,wasonceunchallengedasthenalion'sbiggestbankingorganization.Atitspeak,ithadmorebranchesinCalifornia一1,100—thantheU.S.PostalService.Itwasalsoahighlyprofitableenterprise.Butsince1980,BankofAmerica'searningshavebeendownorflat.FromMarch1985toMarch1986,forexample,earningspersharedropped50.8percent.SamuelH.Armacost,presidentandCEO,hasconfessedthathedoesn'texpectaturnaroundsoon.SomeofBankofAmerica'soldmagicseemstohaverubbedoffonNewYork'sCitibank,longtimerivaltotopbankinghonors.Thankstoaggressivegrowthpolicies,Citiicorp'sassetstoppedBankofAmerica'sforthefirsttimein1983andbyahealthymargin.Citibankhasalsobeengeneratingprofitsatafastclip,enablingittospendlavishlyoncampaignstoenternewmarkets—notablyBankofAmerica'sturf(势カ范围)inCalifornia.ThebadtimesBankofAmericaiscurrentlyfacingarepartlytheresultofthegoodtimesthebankenjoyedearlier.Basedinalargeandpopulousstateandoperatinginaregulatedenvironment,BankofAmericathrived.Beforederegulation,bankscouldnotcompetebyofferingsaversahigherreturn,sotheycompetedwithconvenience.Withabranchateverycrossroads,BankofAmericawasabletoattract40percentoftheCaliforniadepositmarket一asourceofhighearningswhenthelegalmaximumplausibletodepositorswasmuchlowerthantheinterestonloans.TheprogressivederegulationofbankingforcedBankofAmericatofightforitscustomersbyofferingthemcompetitiverates.Buthowcouldthismammothbureaucracy,withitsexpensiveoverhead(管理费用)，offerratesasattractiveasitsleanercompetitors?PruningtheestablishmentwasforemostinthemindsofBankofAmericapolicymakers.Butcutbackshaveproceededslowly.Althoughthebankisplanningtoconsolidatebyofferingfullservicesonlyinkeybranches,sofaronlyabout40brancheshavebeenclosed.Cutbackslayoffs,itseems,wouldnotfitthetraditionoftheorganization.Andtheywouldintensifythemoralproblemsthatalreadythreatentheinstitution.21.Accordingtothepassage,NewYork'sCitibank.A)isadarkhorseinthefieldofbankingB)hasbeengrowinginamoderatewayC)hasbeenmakingeffortstoconquerthemarketsofBankofAmericaD)hasmorebranchesthanBankofAmericanow.

3621.WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforwhichBankofAmericathrived?A)ItsturfinCaliforniawasastatewithalargenumberofpopulation.B)Theeconomicenvironmentthatwascontrolledbythegovernment.C)Itsdepositratewashigherthanotherbanks.D)Itslargeamountofbranches.22.Theunderlinedphrase“mammothbureaucracy"refersto.A)itsexpensiveoverheadB)itslargeamountofbranchesC)itslonghistoryD)corruptionofitsleaders23.Nowthemostimportantfactorforabanktowinincompetitionseemstobe.A)higherdepositrateB)flexibilityofcapitalC)highbankinghonorsD)supportofthegovernment24.Whichofthefollowingconclusionswecan'tdrawfromthepassage?A)TheU.S.Postalservicehadlessthan1100branchesinCaliforniaafewdecadesbefore.B)ThebenefitofBankofAmericahasbeenreducingsince1980.C)TheprospectofBankofAmericaisnotquitefavorable.D)MoralproblemisalsoafactorthatleadstothedeclineofBankofAmerica.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:308难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:7分钟］Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork.Thisdifficultyismuchgreaterforthosewhodonotworkwithaplanandhavenoregularroutineforstudy.Manystudentsmuddlealong,doingabitofthissubjectorthat,asthemoodtakesthem,orlettingtheirsetworkpileupuntilthelastpossiblemoment.Fewstudentsworkwithasettimetable.Theysaythatiftheydidconstructatimetableforthemselvestheywouldnotkeeptoit,orwouldhavetoalteritconstantly,sincetheycanneverpredictfromonedaytothenextwhattheiractivitieswillbe.Nodoubtsometemperamenttakesmuchmorekindlytoaregularroutinethanothers.Therearemanywhoshyawayfromtheself-disciplineofaweeklytimetable,anddislikebeingtieddowntoadefiniteprogramofwork.Manyablestudentsclaimthattheyworkincycles.Whentheybecomeinterestedinatopictheyworkonitintensivelyforthreeoffourdaysatatime.Onotherdaystheyavoidworkcompletely.Ithastobeconfessedthatwedonotfullyunderstandthecomplexitiesofthemotivationtowork.Mostpeopleover25yearsofagehavebecomeconditionedtoaworkroutine,themajorityofreallyproductiveworkerssetasideregularhoursforthemoreimportantaspectsoftheirworkandthetough-mindedschoolofworkersusuallylookdownupontheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonespontaneously,undertheinfluenceofinspiration.Themostenergeticofauthors,AnthonyTrollopewrote:herearethosewhothinkthatthemanwhoworkswithimaginationshouldallowhimselftowaittillinspirationmoveshim.AfterIhaveheardsuchdoctrinepreached,Icanhardlyputdownmyscorn.25.Themostwidespreadprobleminapplyingoneselftostudyisthatof.A)thefailuretokeeptoaroutineofmethodicandintensivework

37A)changingfromonesubjecttoanotherB)allowingthesetworktoaccumulateC)applyingyourselftoasubjectonlywhenyoufeelinclined21.Accordingtotheauthor,therearemanywho.A)donotlikebeingforcedtostudysevendaysaweekB)aretooeasilyfrightenedtoaccustomthemselvestoaweeklytimetableC)refusetoexertthemselvesthewholeweekasifundermilitarydisciplineD)shrinkfromtheself-disciplinerequiredforworkingtoaweeklyplan22.Theauthorstatesthatwemustadmitthatwedonotfullyunderstand.A)howcomplicatedisthatdrivingforcewhichforcesustoworkB)howgreatarethedifficultiesinvolvedinforcingourselvestoworkC)howgreatarethecomplicationswhicharisefromurgingpeopletoworkD)thecomplexreasonswhysomepeoplefeeltheurgetowork23.Thoseworkerswithstrictviewsonwork.A)areverycriticalofthebeliefthatgoodworkcanbeanaturalproductofinstinctB)aredeeplyscornfuloftheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonewhenfreefromexternalinfluenceandpromptedbyaninternalstimulusC)donotregardasserioustheopinionthatgoodworkcanbedoneatanytimeregardlessofinspirationD)rejecttheideathatgoodworkissecondnaturetomen24.Themajorityofpeopleover25yearsofage.A)havebecomeacquaintedwiththeboredomofworkB)consideraregularsystemofworkasanecessaryconditionoflifeC)havebecomeaccustomedtoaregularpatternofworkD)havebeenforcedtoadaptthemselvestoaregularcourseofworkSectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:279难易程度:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］DoyouknowMegWhitman?Evenifyou'veneverheardofher,youprobablyknowhercompany:eBay,oneofthemostpopularsitesontheInternet.HowaboutCarlyFiorina?She'stheCEOofHewlett-Packard,oneoftheworld'slargestcomputermakers.XeroxandLucentaretwomorehigh-techcompaniesrunbywomen.Andotherfemaleexecutivesareinapositiontotakethereinsatothermajorcompanies,suchasOracleandIntel.Somepeoplesaythatwomenarepracticallytakingoverthehigh-techindustry.Coulditbetrue?Notquite.Onlysevenofthe500largestcompaniesarerunbywomen.Yetmostofthosearehigh-techcompanies.It'sanindustrythathasbeenespeciallygoodtowomenforseveralreasons.Firstly,high-techisanewindustry,andassuch,itdoesn'talwaysplaybythesameoldrules.ItfirstgainedgroundinCalifornia'sSiliconValley,arelativelyliberalclimate,andthereforemoreacceptingoffemaleexecutives.Mostimportantly,thehigh-techindustry,becauseitisnew,hasno“old-boynetwork.''Withoutfamilyandnetworkingconnections,theindustryhasreliedonindividualresultstodetermine

38promotions.Inotherwords,aperson'ssuccessinhigh-techdependsonhisorherworkperformance—notonfamilyorgolfingbuddies.It'sstillnoteasyforwomen.Inorderforthemtosucceedinbusiness,theyhaveoftenhadtobehavelikemen;thishasearnedthesetoughbusinesswomenalotofenemies.EverytimeafemaleCEOfails,sheisboundtoreceiveplentyofbadpublicity.Butnowthattheglassceilinghasbeenbrokeninthehigh-techindustry,theskymaybethelimitforfemaleexecutives.21.WhatdoMegWhitmanandCarlyFiorinashareincommon?22.WhydidSiliconValleybecomethefirstgroundforfemaleexecutivestotakethereins?23.Itcanbeimpliedthatinnon-high-techindustries,promotionsaredeterminedby24.Whydobusinesswomenmakealotofenemiesontheirwaytosuccess?25.Whatattitudedoesthewriterholdtowardfutureforfemaleexecutives?

39ModelTestThreePartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.EndangeredDolphinsandWhales[字数:945难易程度:★★★★]BaijiorYangtzeRiverDolphinTheBaijilivesintheYangtzeRiverinChina.Thisspeciesisthemostendangeredspeciesofallwhalesanddolphins.Inthe6,300kmstretchoftheYangtzeRiverprobablylessthan200dolphinsoccur.TherehasneverbeenanactivehuntfortheBaiji.However,anincreaseinfishingactivityintheriverhasresultedinahigheraccidentalcapturerateinfishinggear.Also,habitatchanges,suchasthebuildingofdamsandirrigationworks,haveaffectedthefishpopulationandthusthefoodsupplyfortheBaiji.Inrecentyears,boattrafficontheriverhasincreasedconsiderably,resultingindisturbanceofthedolphinsandanincreaseininjuriesanddeathsbecauseofcollisionswithshippropellers.TogetherwiththeGiantPanda,theBaijiisthefocusofwidelysupportedconservationprogramsinChina.Mostattentionisnowfocusedonthereductionofunnaturalmortality.BlueWhaleThebluewhaleisthelargestwhalespecies(indeedthelargestanimalthateverlivedonEarth).Whentherightwhaledeclined,modernwhalersturnedtheirattentiontothebluewhale,beingthelargestfinwhaleorrorqual(长须鲸)species.Between1924and1971,atleast230,000bluewhaleshavebeencaught.Asaresult,thepopulationsofthisspeciesdeclinedrapidly.Inthe1950s,theInternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)becameconcernedaboutthebluewhalebutitwasnotuntil1964thatanagreementtostoptakingbluewhaleswasreached.TheNorthAtlanticpopulationhasdroppedfrom10-15,000toabout500,theNorthPacificpopulationfrom5,000to1,400-1,900andtheAntarcticpopulationfrom160-240,000toabout6,500.SomeoftheNorthAtlanticsub-populationsseemtoberecovering.Forotherpopulations,therearenoobvioustrends.BottlenoseDolphinThebottlenosedolphin,thebest-knowndolphinspeciesisnotdirectlyendangered.Insomeareas,thebottlenosedolphinpopulationhasbeenunderpressure.WhentheZuyderzeewasclosedintheNetherlandsinthe1930s,theZuyderzeeherringpopulationdisappearedandwithit,thebottlenosedolphinhasvirtuallydisappearedfromtheDutchNorthSeacoast.Inotherareas,suchastheEasternTropicalPacificOcean,bottlenosedolphinsgetentangledinfishinggear(approximately4-500peryear).Also,thereisstilladirecthuntforbottlenosedolphinsinJapan,whichtakesafewhundreddolphinseachyear.GangesRiverDolphinTheGangesriverdolphin(alsocalledtheGangessusu(苏苏人,分布在几内亚等地))isthreatenedbydestructionoftheirhabitat.IntheGangesirrigationworksanddamsforhydro-electricplantshavebeen

40constructed,limitingtheirrange.Inaddition,thesusuisoftenentangledanddrownedinfishinggear.Theriverisalsoheavilypollutedinseveralareas,duetorawsewagedumpingandindustrialwaste.Thelevelsoforganochlorines(有机氧杀虫剂)andheavymetalsinthedolphinsiscomparabletothosefoundinmarinedolphinspecies.Inthepast,theseanimalshavealsobeenhuntedfortheirfleshandblubber.In1982,thetotalpopulationofGangesriverdolphinswasestimatedtobe4,000-5,000animals.Therearenorecentestimatesavailable.HarborPorpoiseThissmallporpoise(1.4-1.9m)canbefoundintemperatecoastalwatersalloverthenorthernhemisphere.Asaspecies,theharborporpoiseisnotendangered,butinseveralareas,theharborporpoiseisthreatenedbecauseofhighlevelsofaccidentalcapturesinfishinggear,especiallyintheNorthAtlantic.IntheNorthSea,anestimated3.1%ofthetotalpopulationiskilledinfishinggeareachyearandthislevelofbycatchisconsideredathreattothepopulation:itwillcausethepopulationtodeclinerapidly.IntheDanishfisheriesalone,about4,700porpoisesarecaughteachyearandthetotalpopulationinthatareaisestimatedatabout150,000animals.Inthe1940s,harborporpoiseswerearathercommonsightontheFinnishcoastoftheBalticSea.Fromthe1960tothe1990s,noharborporpoiseshavebeenreportedinFinnishwatersatall.ThemostlikelycausewasthehighlevelofpollutionoftheBaltic,specificallywithDTTandPCBs.Thesepollutantshadaffectedtheharborporpoises'reproductivesystem.However,inOctober1990,agroupof10porpoiseshasbeenseennearKotka,ontheSouthFinlandcoast.NorthernRightWhaleTheNorthernrightwhalehasbeenheavilyhuntedinthepast.Thewhalersconsideredthisspeciestherightwhaletohunt,becauseitfloatedwhenkilled.Asaresult,thisspecieswasthemainfocusofearlywhaling,untilthepopulationcollapsedtosuchalowlevel,thathuntingitbecameuneconomical.Nowadays,thisspeciesisprotected,butitdoesnotseemtorecover.Thismaybecausedbyanincreaseindisturbancebyshipsandoffshoreoilplatforms.TheNorthAtlanticpopulationcurrentlynumbersinthelowhundreds.TheNorthPacificpopulationisverysmall(lessthan100)andisbelievedtobenearextinction.RiverDolphinsMostdolphinspeciesliveinthesea.However,onegroupofdolphins,thefamilyPlatanistidaeorriverdolphins,livesmainlyinthefreshwaterofrivers.Therearefivespeciesofriverdolphins:•theAmazonriverdolphinorBoto•theBaijiorYangtzeriverdolphin•thefranciscana•theGangesriverdolphin•theIndusriverdolphinTheriversareoftendifficultplacestolivefordolphins.Theavailablespaceisrelativelysmall.Manyriversarepollutedbyindustrialwastewaterorbyrun-offwaterfromthesurroundingagriculturalareas.Also,thereisalargefishingindustryinsomerivers.Withthisinmind,itisnotsurprisingthattheriverdolphinsareamongthemostendangereddolphinspecies.Questions:1.Thisarticleisconcerningtheendangeredanimals,situationofallspecies,theeffortstosavethemfromextinction|(去掉句号)provedtogoinvain.2.ManyexportsdevotedtotheBaijiconservation,settingupnatureandsemi-naturehabitatishighlightedbythem.

411.Alotofbluewhaledeclinedrapidlybetween1924and1971resultedfromthehabitatchanges,suchasthebuildingofdamsandirrigationworks.2.IntheEasternTropicalPacificOcean,bottlenosedolphinsarekilledinfishinggearover4,000peryear.3.ItisreportedthatthetotalpopulationofGangesriverdolphinsisrecentlyestimatedtobe4,000-5,000animals.4.Thedischargeofharmfulsubstancesispossiblythemostseriouslongtermthreatfacedbyharborporpoise.Furthermore,thepollutionhadaffectedtheirreproductivesystem.5.Althoughmostdolphinspeciesliveinthesea,therearestillfivedolphinspecieslivingmainlyinthefreshwaterofrivers.6.Porpoise,akindofchunkyaquaticmammals,canbefoundintemperatecoastalwaters7.ThepopulationofTheNorthAtlanticandTheNorthPacificcurrentlynumbersinthelowhundredsandis.8.Thereisnowonderthattheriverdolphinsareamongthemostendangereddolphinspecies,fortherelativelysmallspace,thepollutedwater,andthelargefishingindustrymaketheriversmoredifficult.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:250难易度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Miragesareproducedbyrefractionoflightwithinalayer,orlens,ofair.Thislayerof_1_,saysmeteorologistJamesH.Gordon,resistsdisruption,eveninafairlystrongwind.Probablythemosttypical_2_pictureisoneofalakeinawaterlessdesert.Theremayevenbetheappearanceofwavesbreakingontheshore.Theeasiestformofmiragetostudy,_3_,isonethathasbeenseenbymillionsofpeople-thoseseemingstripsofwateronasphalt-surfacedhighwaysthat_4_intothinairfromsightwhenoneapproachesthem.GordonratesOperationLongDistanceasthemostpuzzlingofmirageforms,sinceit_5_abasiclawofphysics.The_6_statesthattheapparentsizeofanobjectdiminishesaswemoveawayfromit;however,thiskindofmiragewillcarryapictureofaship,atown,oran_7_athousandmilesandsetitupintheskyasbigaslife.Miragesmayhavehadaneffectonhistory:aWorldWarIstory,whichhasnotbeen—8―verified,dealswithacrucialbattlebetweentheTurksandtheBritish.Supposedly,thestrongerTurkisharmywasgainingtheadvantagewhenoneofitsoutpostsreportedBritish—9—advancing.Afterahurriedconference,theTurkishforceswithdrew.In_10—therewerenoadvancingBritishtroops—whathadbeenreportedwasamirageshowingmenwhowereahundredmilesaway.A)howeverI)law

42B)diminishesJ)insubstantialC)illusoryK)positivelyD)airL)reinforcementsE)phenomenonM)islandF)nullifiesN)vanishG)mirageO)realityH)advancingSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:350难易度:★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］PsychologistsagreethatI.Q.contributesonlyabout20percentofthefactorsthatdeterminesuccess.Afull80percentcomesfromotherfactors,includingwhatIcallemotionalintelligence.Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped:Self-awareness.Theabilitytorecognizeafeelingasithappensisthekeystoneofemotionalintelligence.Peoplewithgreatercertaintyabouttheiremotionsarebetterpilotsoftheirlives.Developingself-awarenessrequirestuningintowhatneurologistAntonioDamasiocalls”gutfeelings".Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.Forexample,whenpeoplewhofearsnakesareshownapictureofasnake,sensorsontheirskinwilldetectsweat,asignofanxiety,eventhoughthepeoplesaytheydonotfeelfear.Thesweatshowsupevenwhenapictureispresentedsorapidlythatthesubjecthasnoconsciousawarenessofseeingit.MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance.Weoftenhavelittlecontroloverwhenwearesweptbyemotion.Butwecanhavesomesayinhowlongthatemotionwilllast.PsychologistDianneTiceaskedmorethan400menandwomenabouttheirstrategiesforescapingfoulmoods.Herresearch,alongwiththatofotherpsychologists,providesvaluableinformationonhowtochangeabadmood.Whatshouldyoudotorelieverage?Onemythisthatventilatingwillmakeyoufeelbetter.Infact,researchershavefoundthat'soneoftheworststrategies.Amoreeffectivetechniqueis"reframing",whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency.Goingoffalonetocooldownisalsoaneffectivewaytorefuseanger,especiallyifyoucan'tthinkclearly.Asaferalternativeisexercise,suchastakingalongwalk.Whateveryoudo,don'twastethetimepursuingyourtrainofangrythoughts.Youraimshouldbetodistractyourself.21.Whataregutfeelings?A)Theyarefeelingsoneisbornwith.B)Theyarefeelingsfeltbysensiblepeople.C)Theyarefeelingsoffearandanxiety.D)Theyarefeelingsonemaybeunawareof.22.Theword"spice"inparagraphFourisclosestinmeaningto.

43A)addinteresttoB)lengthenC)makedullD)bringintoexistence22.Onmoodcontrol,theauthorseemstosuggestthatwe.A)cancontroltheoccurrenceofmoodB)areoftenunawareofwhatmoodweareinC)candeterminethedurationofmoodD)lackstrategiesforcontrollingmoods23.Theessenceof"reframing"inparagraphSixis.A)toforgettheunpleasantsituationB)toadoptapositiveattitudeC)toprotectoneselfproperlyD)toavoidroadaccidents24.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A)Whatisemotionalintelligence?B)Howtodevelopemotionalintelligence.C)Strategiesforgettingridoffoulmoods.D)Howtocontrolone'sgutfeelings.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:279难易度:★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Selectiontoparticipateinatop-flightexecutive-educationprogramisanimportantrungontheladdertotopcorporatejobs.U.S.corporationsinvestbillionsofdollarsinthisformofmanagementdevelopment,anduseittoidentifyandnurturefast-track(晋升迅速的)managers.Yetonesurveyofexecutiveeducationfoundthatlessthan5%ofthemanagerssenttothesehigh-profileprogramsarewomen,andminoritiesareterriblyunderrepresentedaswell.Thenumbersaregrim.InregularB-sc人。0，(工商管理学院)programs—usuallypaidforbytheparticipant,notanemployer—thereareplentyofwomenandminorities.Women,forexample,accountforabout30%ofMBAcandidates.Yetintheprestigiousprogramspaidforbycorporationsthatroundoutamanager'scredentialsatakeycareerpoint,usuallyatage40or45.Companiesaremakingonlyatokeninvestmentindevelopingfemaleandminorityexecutives.Acaseinpoint:Onlyabout30%ofthe180executivesinStanford'srecentadvanced-managementprogramwerewomen.Mostcompaniessaythesedaystheyareaggressivelyhiringandpromotingwomenandminorities,andtherearesomepositivetrendsinoverallemploymentandpaylevels.Sowhyarecompaniesdroppingtheba11(放弃努力)whenitcomestoexecutiveeducation?Theschoolsmaintainthattheyareneitherthecauseofnorthecurefortheproblem.AHarvardBusinessSchooldeansurmisesthatcompaniesarefearfulofsendingtheirfemaleexecutivesbecausetheydon'twanttolosethemtocompetitors.Thereisonlyonerealexplanation,anditisadamningone:Manybigcorporationssimplyaren'tcommittedtohelpingwomenandminoritiestotheexecutivesuite.25.Managementdevelopmentprogramisaveryimportantstepfor.A)furthereducationB)furtherpromotionC)employmentD)paylevel26.Theauthorstatesthatwomenmanagersareunderrepresentedin.A)managementdevelopmentprogramB)higheducationC)B-schoolsD)U.S.corporations

4422.Whyarethecompaniesfearfulofsendingtheirfemalemanagerstohigh-profileprograms?A)Becausefemaleexecutivesmayretireinanearfuture.B)Becausefemaleexecutivesmaydwarfmalemanagers.C)Becausefemaleexecutivesmaybeoutofcontrol.D)Becausefemaleexecutivesmaygetjobsattheircompetitors.23.Therealreasonthereareonlyafewtopwomenexecutivesis.A)onlyafewwomenreceivehigheducationB)manybigcompaniesdonothelpwomentotheexecutivesuiteC)womendonotliketopcorporatejobsD)manybigcompaniesdonothaveenoughmoneytodevelopwomenmanagers30.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardsthecompanies?A)sympatric.B)flattering.C)critical.D.indifferent.SectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:293难易度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Matingwiththeoppositesexisnottheonlywaytospreadyourselfaroundifyou'reaplant.There'salwaysasexualityorbisexualityoranumberofthingsinbetween.Thewalking先/7?(蕨采),forinstance,headsacrosscountry-slowly-byproducingidenticalnewplantswhereverthetipsofitsleavestouchtheground.Andthoughthecommondandelion(蒲公英)makesuseofseeds,itisentirelyasexual.Itsfluffyseedsarewhirledawaybythewind.Andiftheplantisdamaged,eachrootfragmentcanbecomeanentirenewplant一asfrustratedgardenersknow.Butwhethertheyarespawned（生育）byseed,stemorroot,allthedandelion'soffspring,likethewalkingfemfs,areclones（无性系繁殖的产物,克隆）oftheparent.Therearealsobisexuals;thoseplantsthatusebothsexualandasexualstrategiestosurvive.Thevioletpresentsitslargeflowerstoinsectsforpollination（授粉）,butitalsohassmallerflowersclosertothegroundthatneveropen.Theseareforcedtoself-pollinate.Thewhiskfern,aprimitiverelativeoftheearliestplants,changesitsmethodeachgeneration.Theplantasexuallyproducessporesthat,onceshed,developintotinyplantswithbothmaleandfemalesexorgans.Whenmaleandfemale"mate",theyproducefull-sizeplants,whichasexuallyproducesporesonceagain.Perhapsthestrangestofthebisexualsisthebamboo.Normally,itclonesitselfbymeansofundergroundstems,asthedandeliondoes.Atintervalsofbetween20to120years,dependingonthespecies,alltheplantsburstintogloriousflowerthroughouttheworld.Theplantpoursallitsenergyintotheevent;therearesometimesasmanyas100pollen（花粉）一producingstamens（雄蕊）ineachflower.Oncetheseedsandfruitsareproducedanddispersed,thebamboo,exhausted,dies-allovertheworld.31.Howmayplantsspreadthemselvesaroundby?

4531.Whydoestheauthoruse“frustratedgardeners“inparagraph2?32.Whethertheyarespawnedbyseed,stemorroot,allthedandelion'soffspring,likethewalkingfem's,areclonesoftheparent,soitistruethatdandelionreproduceby33.Arethereanydifferentresultsforthevioletpollinatedbyinsectsandself-pollinate?Andwhatarethey?34.Howmanyyearsformthecycleforthebambootoburstintogloriousfloweragainallovertheworld?

46ModelTestFourPartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.PlasticSurgery[字数:1164难易度:★★★]Whenyouhearofplasticsurgery,whatdoyouthinkof?AHollywoodstartryingtodelaytheeffectsofaging?Peoplewhowanttochangethesizeoftheirstomachs,nose,orotherbodypartsbecausetheyseeitdonesoeasilyonTV?Thosearecommonimagesofplasticsurgery,butwhataboutthe4-year-oldboywhohashischinrebuiltafteradogbithim?Ortheyoungwomanwhohasthebirthmarkonherforeheadlightenedwithalaser?WhatIsPlasticSurgery?Justbecausethenameincludestheword“plastic“doesn'tmeanpatientswhohavethissurgeryendupwithafacefulloffakestuff.Thenameisn'ttakenfromthesyntheticsubstancebutfromtheGreekwordplastikos,whichmeanstoformormoldself-imagethroughbothreconstructiveandcosmeticprocedures.•Reconstructiveprocedurescorrectdefectsonthefaceorbody.Theseincludephysicalbirthdefectslikecleftlips(兔唇)andpalatesandeardeformities(畸形),traumatic(损伤性的)injurieslikethosefromdogbitesorbums.•Cosmetic(alsocalledaesthetic)proceduresalterapartofthebodythatthepersonisnotsatisfiedwith.Commoncosmeticproceduresincludereshapingthenose(rhinoplasty)andremovingpocketsoffatfromspecificspotsonthebody(liposuction).Somecosmeticproceduresaren'tevensurgicalinthewaythatmostpeoplethinkofsurgery—thatis,cuttingandstitching(缝).Forexample,theuseofspeciallaserstoremoveunwantedhairandstandingskintoimproveseverescarringaretwosuchtreatments.WhyDoTeensGetPlasticSurgery?Mostteensdon't,ofcourse.Butsomedo.Interestingly,theAmericanSocietyofPlasticSurgeons(ASPS)reportsadifferenceinthereasonsteensgiveforhavingplasticsurgeryandthereasonsadultsdo:Teensviewplasticsurgeryasawaytofitinandlookacceptabletofriendsandpeers.Adults,ontheotherhand,frequentlyseeplasticsurgeryasawaytostandoutfromthecrowd.Thenumberofteenswhochoosetogetplasticsurgeryisontherise.AccordingtotheASPS,over333,000people18yearsandyoungerhadplasticsurgeryin2005,upfromabout306,000in2000.

47Somepeopleturntoplasticsurgerytocorrectaphysicaldefectortoalterapartofthebodythatmakesthemfeeluncomfortable.Forexample,agirlorguywithabirthmarkmayturntolasertreatmenttolessenitsappearance.Otherpeopledecidetheywantacosmeticchangebecausethey'renothappyaboutthewaytheylook.Teenswhohavecosmeticprocedures一suchasotoplasty(surgerytopinbackearsthatstickout)ordermabrasion(aprocedurethatcanhelpsmoothorcamouflagesevereacnescars)—sometimesfeelmorecomfortablewiththeirappearanceaftertheprocedure.Themostcommonproceduresteenschooseincludenosereshaping,earsurgery,acneandacnescartreatment,andbreastreduction.IsPlasticSurgerytheRightChoice?Reconstructivesurgeryhelpsrepairsignificantdefectsorproblems.Butwhatabouthavingcosmeticsurgeryjusttochangeyourappearance?Isitagoodideaforteens?Aswitheverything,therearerightandwrongreasonstohavesurgery.Cosmeticsurgeryisunlikelytochangeyourlife.Mostboard-certifiedplasticsurgeonsspendalotoftimeinterviewingteenswhowantplasticsurgerytodecideiftheyaregoodcandidatesforthesurgery.Doctorswanttoknowthatteensareemotionallymatureenoughtohandlethesurgeryandthatthey'redoingitfortherightreasons.Manyplasticsurgeryproceduresarejustthat—surgery.Theyinvolveanesthesia,woundhealing,andotherseriousrisks.Doctorswhoperformtheseprocedureswanttoknowthattheirpatientsarecapableofunderstandingandhandlingthestressofsurgery.Somedoctorswon'tperformcertainprocedures(likerhinoplasty)onateenuntiltheyaresurethatpersonisoldenoughandhasfinishedgrowing.Forrhinoplasty,thatmeansabout15or16girlsandaboutayearolderforguys.Hereareafewthingstothinkaboutifyou'reconsideringplasticsurgery.•Almostallteens(andmanyadults)areself-consciousabouttheirbodies.Almosteveryonewishestherewereathingortwothatcouldbechanged.Alotofthisself-consciousnessgoesawaywithtime.Askyourselfifyou'reconsideringplasticsurgerybecauseyouwantitforyourselforwhetherit'stopleasesomeoneelse.•Aperson'sbodycontinuestochangethroughtheteenyears.Bodypartsthatmightappeartoolargeortoosmallnowcanbecomemoreproportionateovertime.Sometimes,forexample,whatseemslikeabignoselooksmoretherightsizeastherestoftheperson'sfacecatchesupduringgrowth.•Gettingingoodshapethroughappropriateweightcontrolandexercisecandogreatthingsforaperson'slookswithoutsurgery.It'sneveragoodideatochooseplasticsurgeryasafirstoptionforsomethinglikeweightlossthatcanbecorrectedinanon-surgicalmanner.Gastricbypassorliposuction(吸月旨)mayseemlikequickandeasyfixescomparedwithstickingtoadiet.Bothoftheseprocedures,however,carryfargreaterrisksthandieting,anddoctorsshouldreservethemforextremecaseswhenallotheroptionshavefailed.•Somepeople'semotionshaveareallybigeffectonhowtheythinktheylook.Peoplewhoaredepressed,extremelyself-critical,orhaveadistortedviewofwhattheyreallylooklikesometimesthinkthatchangingtheirlookswillsolvetheirproblems.Inthesecases,itwon't.Workingouttheemotionalproblemwiththehelpofatrainedtherapistisabetterbet.Infact,manydoctorswon'tperformplasticsurgeryonteenswhoaredepressedorhaveothermentalhealthproblemsuntiltheseproblemsaretreatedfirst.

48What'sInvolved?Ifyou'reconsideringplasticsurgery,talkitoverwithyourparents.Ifyou'reseriousandyourparentsagree,thenextstepismeetingwithaplasticsurgeontohelpyoulearnwhattoexpectbefore,during,andaftertheprocedure—aswellasanypossiblecomplicationsordownsidestothesurgery.Dependingontheprocedure,youmayfeelsomepainasyourecover,andtemporaryswellingorbruisingcanmakeyoulooklesslikeyourselfforawhile.Proceduresandhealingtimesvary,soyou'llwanttodoyourresearchintowhat'sinvolvedinyourparticularprocedureandwhetherthesurgeryisreconstructiveorcosmetic.It'sagoodideatochooseadoctorwhoiscertifiedbytheAmericanBoardofPlasticSurgery.Costwilllikelybeafactor,too.Electiveplasticsurgeryprocedurescanbeexpensive.Althoughmedicalinsurancecoversmanyreconstructivesurgeries,thecostofcosmeticproceduresalmostalwayscomesstraightoutofthepatient'spocket.Plasticsurgeryisn'tsomethingtorushinto.Ifyou'rethinkingaboutplasticsurgery,findoutasmuchasyoucanaboutthespecificprocedureyou'reconsideringandtalkitoverwithdoctorsandyourparents.Onceyouhavethefacts,youcandecidewhetherthesurgeryisrightforyou.Questions:1.Reconstructiveprocedurescorrectdefectsonthefaceorbody,suchaseardeformities,traumaticinjuries,dog-bitinginjuries,removingfat.2.ComparedwithReconstructiveprocedures,Cosmeticprocedureshaveagreaterchangeonbody.3.Mostteenschoosetogetplasticsurgerybecausetheywanttomakethemselvesconspicuous.4.Beforeperformingtheplasticsurgeryonteens,doctorswillusuallytalkwiththemandmakesureiftheyarematureenoughtogettheoperation.5.Beforetheplasticsurgery,peopleshouldhavenomentalproblems,suchasdepress.6.TheplasticsurgeryonbodyisillegalinU.S.A.7.Itissuggestedthattheteensshouldaskfortheapprovalfromtheirparentsbeforetheplasticsurgery.8.AccordingtotheASPS,thenumberofpeople18yearsandyoungerwhohadplasticsurgeryhasreachedin2005.9.Almostallteensareabouttheirbodies,whowishtherewereathingortwothatcouldbechangedontheirbodies.10.Beforetheplasticsurgery,trainedtherapistsshouldhelpthepatients.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:256难易程度:★★★★建议答题时间:7分钟］Australianscientistshaveprovedwhatiscommonknowledgetomostpeople-thatteaspoonsappeartohavemindsoftheirown.Inastudyattheirown_11—,agroupofscientistsfromtheMacfarlaneBurnetInstituteforMedicalResearchandPublicHealthinMelbourne_12_numbered70teaspoonsand_13_theirmovementsoverfivemonths.Supportingtheirexpectations,80percentofthespoons_14_duringthe

49period-althoughthoseinprivateareasoftheinstitutelastednearlytwiceaslongasthosein_15—sections.4tAtthisrate,an—16—250teaspoonswouldneedtobe_17—annuallytomaintainaworkablepopulationoi70teaspoons,vtheywroteintheBritishMedicalJournal.Theysaidtheirresearchprovedthatteaspoonswerean—18—partofofficelifeandtherapidrateofdisappearanceprovedthatthiswasunderrelentlessassault.RegrettingthatscientificliteraturewasstrangelyberefK贫之地出奇)ofteaspoon-relatedresearch,thescientistsofferedafewtheoriestoexplainthephenomenon.Takinga_19_fromDouglasAdams'Hitchhiker'sGuidetotheGalaxy^《银河系漫游指南》)books,theysuggestedthattheteaspoonswerequietlymigratingtoaplanetuniquelypopulatedbyspoonoid(匙类)lifeformslivinginaspoonishstateofNirvana(天堂、无忧无虑的境界).Theyalsoofferedthephenomenonofresistentialism(抵抗主义)inwhichinanimateobjectsliketeaspoonshaveanatural_20_tohumans.Ontheotherhand,theysuggested,peoplemightsimplybetakingthem.A)secretlyI)estimatedB)researchJ)facilityC)essentialK)trackedD)purchasedL)proposeE)aversionM)communalF)tipN)pillarG)elementaryO)fieldH)vanishedSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:345难易度:★★★★★建议答题时间:11分钟］NewobservationsabouttheageofsomeglobularclustersinourMilkyWaygalaxyhavecastdoubtonalong-heldtheoryabouthowthegalaxywasformed.TheMilkyWaycontainsabout125globularclusters(compactgroupsofanywherefromseveraltensofthousandstoperhapsamillionstars)distributedinaroughlysphericalhaloaroundthegalacticnucleus.Thestarsintheseclustersarebelievedtohavebeenbomduringtheformationofthegalaxy,andsomaybeconsideredrelicsoftheoriginalgalacticnebula,holdingvitalcluestothewayoftheformationtookplace.Theconventionaltheoryoftheformationofthegalaxycontendsthatroughly12to13billionyearsagotheMilkyWayformedoverarelativelyshorttime(about200millionyears)whenasphericalcloudofgascollapsedunderthepressureofitsowngravityintoadiscsurroundedbyahalo.Sucharapidformationofthegalaxywouldmeanthatallstarsinthehaloshouldbeverynearlythesameage.However,theastronomerMichaelBoltehasfoundconsiderablevariationintheagesofglobularclusters.OneoftheclustersstudiedbyBolteis2billionsyearsolderthanmostotherclustersinthegalaxy,whileanotheris2billionyearsyounger.AcolleagueofBoltecontendsthattheclustercalledPalomar12is5billionyearsyoungerthanmostotherglobularclusters.

50Toexplaintheagedifferencesamongtheglobularclusters,astronomersaretakingasecondlookat“renegade“theories.Onesuchnewlyfashionabletheory,firstputforwardbyRichardLarsonintheearly1970's,arguesthatthehalooftheMilkyWayformedoveraperiodofabillionormoreyearsashundredsofsmallgascloudsdriftedabout,collided,lostorbitalenergy,andfinallycollapsedintoacentrallycondensedellipticalsystem.Larson'sconceptionofa“lumpyandturbulent"protogalaxyiscomplementedbycomputermodelingdoneinthe1970'sbymathematicianAlanToomre,whichsuggeststhatcloselyinteractingspiralgalaxiescouldloseenoughorbitalenergytomergeintoasinglegalaxy.21.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing.A)theimportanceofdeterminingtheageofglobularclustersinassessingwhentheMilkyWaygalaxywasformedB)recentchangesintheprocedureusedbyastronomerstostudytheformationoftheMilkyWaygalaxyC)currentdisputesamongastronomersregardingthesizeandformoftheMilkyWaygalaxyD)theeffectofnewdiscoveriesregardingglobularclustersontheoriesabouttheformationoftheMilkyWaygalaxy22.Accordingtothepassage,onewayinwhichLarson'stheoryandtheconventionaltheoryoftheformationoftheMilkyWaygalaxydifferisintheirassessmentofthe.A)amountoftimeittooktoformthegalaxyB)sizeofthegalaxyimmediatelyafteritsformationC)importanceoftheageofglobularclustersindetermininghowthegalaxywasformedD)shapeofthehalothatformedaroundthegalaxy23.IfBolteandhiscolleaguearebothcorrect,itcanbeinferredthattheglobularclusterPaloma12isapproximately.A)5billionyearsyoungerthananyotherclusterinthegalaxyB)thesameageasmostotherclustersinthegalaxyC)7billionyearsyoungerthananotherclusterinthegalaxyD)12billionyearsyoungerthanmostotherclustersinthegalaxy24.ThepassagesuggeststhatToomre'sworkcomplementsLarson'stheorybecauseit.A)specifiesmorepreciselythetimeframeproposedbyLarsonB)subtlyaltersLarson'stheorytomakeitmoreplausibleC)supplementsLarson'shypothesiswithdirectastronomicalobservationsD)providestheoreticalsupportfortheideassuggestedbyLarson25.Theauthorofthepassageputstheword“renegade”(line29)inquotationmarksmostprobablyinorderto.A)emphasizethelackofsupportforthetheoriesinquestionB)indicatethatthetheoriesinquestionarenolongerasunconventionalastheyonceseemedC)generateskepticismaboutthetheoriesinquestionD)contrastthecontroversialqualityofthetheoriesinquestionwiththerespectablecharacteroftheirformulatorsPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:333难易度:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］ManyUnitedStatescompanieshave,unfortunately,madethesearchforlegalprotectionfromimport

51competitionintoamajorlineofwork.Since1980theUnitedStatesInternationalTradeCommission(ITC)hasreceivedabout280complaintsallegingdamagefromimportsthatbenefitfromsubsidiesbyforeigngovernments.Another340chargethatforeigncompanies"dumped"theirproductsintheUnitedStatesat"lessthanfairvalue."Evenwhennounfairpracticesarealleged,thesimpleclaimthatanindustryhasbeeninjuredbyimportsissufficientgroundstoseekrelief.Contrarytothegeneralimpression,thisquestforimportreliefhashurtmorecompaniesthanithashelped.Ascorporationsbegintofunctionglobally,theydevelopanintricatewebofmarketing,production,andresearchrelationships.Thecomplexityoftheserelation-shipsmakesitunlikelythatasystemofimportrelieflawswillmeetthestrategicneedsofalltheunitsunderthesameparentcompany.Internationalizationincreasesthedangerthatforeigncompanieswilluseimportrelieflawsagainsttheverycompaniesthelawsweredesignedtoprotect.SupposeaUnitedStates-ownedcompanyestablishesanoverseasplanttomanufactureaproductwhileitscompetitormakesthesameproductintheUnitedStates.Ifthecompetitorcanproveinjuryfromtheimports——andthattheUnitedStatescompanyreceivedasubsidyfromaforeigngovernmenttobuilditsplantabroad——theUnitedStatescompany'sproductswillbeuncompetitiveintheUnitedStates,sincetheywouldbesubjecttoduties.PerhapsthemostbrazencaseoccurredwhentheITCinvestigatedallegationsthatCanadiancompanieswereinjuringtheUnitedStatessaltindustrybydumpingrocksalt,usedtode-iceroads.ThebizarreaspectofthecomplaintwasthataforeignconglomeratewithUnitedStatesoperationswascryingforhelpagainstaUnitedStatescompanywithforeignoperations.The"UnitedStates"companyclaiminginjurywasasubsidiaryofaDutchconglomerate,whilethe"Canadian"companiesincludedasubsidiaryofaChicagofirmthatwasthesecond-largestdomesticproducerofrocksalt.21.Thepassageischieflyconcernedwith.A)arguingagainsttheincreasedinternationalizationofUnitedStatescorporationsB)warningthattheapplicationoflawsaffectingtradefrequentlyhasunintendedconsequencesC)demonstratingthatforeign-basedfirmsreceivemoresubsidiesfromtheirgovernmentsthanUnitedStatesfirmsreceivefromtheUnitedStatesgovernmentD)advocatingtheuseoftraderestrictionsfor“dumped"productsbutnotforotherimports22.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheminimalbasisforacomplainttotheInternationalTradeCommissioniswhichofthefollowing?A)Aforeigncompetitorhasreceivedasubsidyfromaforeigngovernment.B)AforeigncompetitorhassubstantiallyincreasedthevolumeofproductsshippedtotheUnitedStates.C)AforeigncompetitorissellingproductsintheUnitedStatesatlessthanfairmarketvalue.D)ThecompanyrequestingimportreliefhasbeeninjuredbythesaleofimportsintheUnitedStates.23.Thelastparagraphperformswhichofthefollowingfunctionsinthepassage?A)Itsummarizesthediscussionthusfarandsuggestsadditionalareasofresearch.B)Itpresentsarecommendationbasedontheevidencepresentedearlier.C)Itdiscussesanexceptionalcaseinwhichtheresultsexpectedbytheauthorofthepassagewerenotobtained.D)Itcitesaspecificcasethatillustratesaproblempresentedmoregenerallyinthepreviousparagraph.24.Thepassagewarnsofwhichofthefollowingdangers?A)CompaniesintheUnitedStatesmayreceivenoprotectionfromimportsunlesstheyactivelyseekprotectionfromimportcompetition.B)Companiesthatseeklegalprotectionfromimportcompetitionmayincurlegalcoststhatfarexceedanypossiblegain.

52A)CompaniesthatareUnitedStates-ownedbutoperateinternationallymaynotbeeligibleforprotectionfromimportcompetitionunderthelawsofthecountriesinwhichtheirplantsoperate.B)CompaniesthatarenotUnitedStates-ownedmayseeklegalprotectionfromimportcompetitionunderUnitedStatesimportrelieflaws.21.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingismostlikelytobetrueofUnitedStatestradelaws?A)Theywilleliminatethepracticeof"dumping"productsintheUnitedStates.B)TheywillenablemanufacturersintheUnitedStatestocompetemoreprofitablyoutsidetheUnitedStates.C)Thosethathelponeunitwithinaparentcompanywillnotnecessarilyhelpotherunitsinthecompany.D)TheywillaffectUnitedStatestradewithCanadamorenegativelythantradewithothernations.SectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:328难易度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeinagreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereisinotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments,wecancallthesepeople“generalists”.Andthese“generalisls“areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa“trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator-dealswithpeoplewhoseconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinaparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou一butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabi1itytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob,itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.22.“Peoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,5refertothose23.Whatkindofpeoplecanbecalledaspecialist?24.Duringyourtrainingperiod,whatisveryimportant?

5321.Theadministratoris22.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?ModelTestFivePartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.ChasingFame[字数:1096难易度:★★★]Whatdoyouwantoutoflife?Doyouhopetomaketheworldabetterplace?Doyoudreamofbecomingamillionaire?Orhaveyousetyoursightsonbecomingastar?Ifwhatyouwantmostistobecomeacelebrity,you'renotalone.ManyAmericansdreamoffame,andsuchfantasiestendtobemorecommonamongteensthanadults.WhenGirls'Lifemagazinerecentlyaskeditsreaderstonametheirbiggestgoalinlife,thelargestnumber(35percent)saidthattheywantedtobecomefamous.TheCorporationforPublicBroadcastingfoundthatmanyofthekidsandteensitpolledforits2(X)0RoperYouthReportgavesimilarresponses.Althoughwealthwasthenumberondreamreportedbyyoungpeople,famewasnearthetopofthelist.Beautyandsingingtalent一qualitiesoftenseenasroutestofame—alsorankedhigh.Weareallfamiliarwiththedangersoffame.We'veseencelebritieswastetheirmillions,louseuptheirloverelationships,fightwiththeirfamilies,andmessuptheirliveswithdrugsoralcohol.We*veobservedwhatmuchmoneyspentontoomanyplasticsurgeryoperationscandotoaperson*sface.Weknowaboutthepressurescelebritieslivewithandthelackofprivacytheydealwith.Sowhydosomanyofusstillwanttobefamous?ReachingforFamePerhapsweareallreachingforfamebecausetoday,morethaneverbefore,fameappearstobewithinreach.AndyWarhol,afamous20th-centuryartist,predictedthatinthefutureeveryonewouldbefamousfor15minutes.ArewenearthefuturetimethatWarholwasdescribing?Watchafewhoursoftelevisionthisweek,andyoumightbeconvinced.Prime一timegameshowsanddaytimetalkshowsarefilledwithfolkslivingouttheir15minutesoffame.RealityTVshowssuchasSurvivor,TemptationIsland,andTheRealWorldtransformaveragepeopleintoinstantcelebrities.Some“reality''programs,

54suchasPopStar2andMakingtheBand,promise—anddeliver—suddenstardomtomusicallytalentedyoungpeople.ThoughTVmightseemtobethefastestrouteintothespotlight,othertypesofmodern-daytechnologyalsoofferchancesforself-promotiontowill-bestars.Today,moreandmorepeopleownorhaveaccesstorecordingandfilmequipmentofpublishingsoftware.HugenumbersalsohaveaccesstotheInternet,andmanypeoplehavetheirownWebsites.FameseekerscanusetheWebtopostafavoritemugshot,afilmclip,ortheirband'stouringschedule.Theycandosoforlittlecostandinaspacethatcanbeviewedbymillions.AStar-StruckSocietyPerhapsit'sonlynaturalthatsomanyofusfantasizeaboutfameandplotoutwaystogainit.Afterall,weliveinacultureobsessedwiththedoingsoffamouspeople.Justtakealooksometimesasyou'rewalkingthroughthecheckoutlineatyourlocalgrocerystore.TheracksarefullofmagazinesreportingonthelivesofTVandfilmstars,athletes,singers,musicians,famouspoliticians,andforeignroyalty.Atleastthreeoutoffourmagazinesfeatureacelebrityonthecoverandpromisesomejuicybitofcelebritygossipinside,perhapsapeekatJeniferLompoc'sweddingdressorCarsonDaley,newgirlfriend.Thetelevisionsinourhomesarejustasfullofcelebrityfacesandfacts.SomeTVshowsfocusonnothingbutthelivesoffamouspeople.Othernews,dramacomedy,andsportsprogramsintroduceustotheactors,athletes,singers,andprogramhostswhobecometheobjectsofourfascination.ChangingPriorities?Americanslovetheircelebritiesandneverseemtotireofcelebritygossip.FollowingtheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,celebritygossiptemporarilyceased.Forafewdaysaftertheattacks,nobodypaidmuchattentiontoMichaelJordan'splansforacomebackorChristinaAguilera'soutfits.TheWashingtonPostwasamongthemanyUSnewspapersthatdecidednottorungossipcolumnsduringthattime.wouldfeelpersonallysillyandirrelevantifIweredoingmycolumnrightnow,“saidLloydGrove,agossipcolumnistforthePost.4

55outtoachievepersonalgrowthortobuildbetterrelationshipswithfriendsorfamilyhavesetintrinsicgoals.Studiesshowthatsuchpeoplearemorelikelytobehappyandtofeelasenseofwell-beingthanarepeoplewhosetextrinsicgoals.Teenstendtohearalotabouttheneedto“setgoals"intheirlives.Butwhatifbysettingcertainkindsofgoals,youngpeoplereallyaresettingthemselvesupforfutureunhappiness?Whatkindsofgoalshaveyousetforyourself?Areyouplanningtospendyourlifechasingafterthefamegame?Ifwhatyoureallywantishappinessmaybeit'stimetochangeyourplans.Questions:1.WhatAmericanteenswantmostiswealth,accordingtothepollbytheCorporationforPublicBroadcasting.2.Weareallfamiliarwiththedangersoffame,somanyofusdonotwanttobefamous.3.WearenearthefuturetimethatWarholwasdescribing.

561.Radioisagoodwaytohelpfameseekerstopromotethemselves.2.Webisacheapbutfruitfulwaytogainfame.3.MostmagazinesinAmericausefamouspeople'sphotosonthecover.4.Thecoverageofthecelebritiesonmassmediacandrawpeople'sattentiongreatly.5.Peoplewhopursueextrinsicgoalsmayseeksomethingoutsideofthemselvessuchas.6.Anintrinsicgoalisamotivatingfactorthatisinsideyou,suchas.7.Peoplewhosetgoalswillbelikelytobehappyandfeelasenseofwell-being.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:258难易度:★★★★建议阅读时间:8分钟］Afterintensiveresearch,scientistshaveconcludedthatpoliticianslie.InastudydescribedinBritain'sObservernewspaper,GlenNewey,apo1iticalscientistatBritain'sUniversityofStrathclyde,concludedthatlyingisanimportantpartof_11_inthemodemdemocracy.“Politiciansneedtobemorehonestaboutlying/'hetoldthenewspaper.AccordingtoNewey,votersexpecttobeliedtoincertaincircumstances,andsometimeseven_12_it."Politicsshou1dberegardedaslesslikeanexerciseinproducing_13_statementsandmorelikeapokergame,“hesaid."Andthereisanexpectationbyapokerplayerthatyoutryto_14_themaspartofthegame.”NeweysaidlyingbyPoliticianscanoccasionallybe_15_justified,suchaswhennationalsecurityisat_16.andthepublicevenhasa"righttobeliedto"incaseswheretheydonotexpecttobetoldthewholetruth,suchasduringawar.Butthemaincauseoflyingisincreased_17_bythepublicintoareasthatthegovernmentwouldrathernotdiscusscandidly.Ifvotersonlyaskedfewerquestions,politicianswouldtellthemfewerlies.BillClinton_18_liedabouthisaffairwithMonicaLewinsky,whileearlierphilandering(追逐女人的)U.S.presidentsneverhadtolieabouttheir_19_,becausenobodyeverasked."When_20_orparliamentarycolleaguesstarttoprobeatthatareawhichthegovernmentwantstokeepsecret,youaremorelikelytobepushedfurtherandfurthertowardtheterritoryoflying,“Neweysaid.A)famouslyB)requireI)mechanismJ)truthfulC)politicsK)faithfullyD)miserableL)probingE)intermediateM)deceiveF)journalistsN)risk

57G)representingO)entirelyH)affairsSectionADirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA)fB)fC)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:453难易度:★★★★建议阅读时间:10分钟］Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator'sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreply,everythingthatcomesourofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownas/melekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance---morethan4,000examplessofar.Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputerApurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.Itwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldiggingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?21.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose.A)awaytocurbillegaldiggingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofessionB)analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifactsC)awaytodistinguishartifactswithscientificvaluefromthosethathavenosuchvalue

58A)thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites21.TheauthorimpliesthatallofthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT:A)Amarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexists.B)Suchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalue.C)Suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollections.D)Museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts.22.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?A)Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.B)Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.C)Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.D)Suchartifactsoftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.23.Theauthor'sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?A)Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.B)Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.C)Illegalexcavatorswouldbeforcedtosellonlyduplicateartifacts.D)Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.24.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?A)Museumofficialswillbecomeunwillingtostoreartifacts.B)Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.C)Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.D)Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:348难易度:★★★★建议阅读时间:9分钟］Attheendofthenineteenthcentury,arisinginterestinNativeAmericancustomsandanincreasingdesiretounderstandNativeAmericanculturepromptedethnologiststobeginrecordingthelifestoriesofNativeAmerican.Ethnologistshadadistinctreasonforwantingtohearthestories:theywereafterlinguisticoranthropologicaldatathatwouldsupplementtheirownfieldobservations,andtheybelievedthatthepersonalstories,evenofasingleindividual,couldincreasetheirunderstandingoftheculturesthattheyhadbeenobservingfromwithout.InadditionmanyethnologistsattheturnofthecenturybelievedthatNativeAmericanmannersandcustomswererapidlydisappearing,andthatitwasimportanttopreserveforposterityasmuchinformationascouldbeadequatelyrecordedbeforetheculturesdisappearedforever.Therewere,however,argumentsagainstthismethodasawayofacquiringaccurateandcompleteinformation.FranzBoas,forexample,describedautobiographiesasbeing“oflimitedvalue,andusefulchieflyforthestudyoftheperversionoftruthbymemory,“whilePaulRadincontendedthatinvestigatorsrarelyspentenoughtimewiththetribestheywereobserving,andinevitablyderivedresultstootingedbytheinvestigator'sownemotionaltonetobereliable.Evenmoreimportantly,astheselifestoriesmovedfromthetraditionaloralmodetorecordedwrittenform,muchwasinevitablylost.Editorsoftendecidedwhatelementsweresignificanttothefieldresearchonagiventribe.NativeAmericansrecognizedthattheessenceoftheirlivescouldnotbecommunicated

59inEnglishandthateventsthattheythoughtsignificantwereoftendeemedunimportantbytheirinterviewers.Indeed,theveryactoftellingtheirstoriescouldforceNativeAmericannarratorstodistorttheircultures,astabooshadtobebrokentospeakthenamesofdeadrelativescrucialtotheirfamilystories.Despiteallofthis,autobiographyremainsausefultoolforethnologicalresearch:suchpersonalreminiscencesandimpressions,incompleteastheymaybe,arelikelytothrowmorelightontheworkingofthemindandemotionsthananyamountofspeculationfromanethnologistorethnologicaltheoristfromanotherculture.21.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?A)Thehistoricalbackgroundsoftwocurrentlyusedresearchmethodsarechronicled.B)Thevalidityofthedatacollectedbyusingtwodifferentresearchmethodsiscompared.C)Theusefulnessofaresearchmethodisquestionedandthenanewmethodisproposed.D)Theuseofaresearchmethodisdescribedandthelimitationsoftheresultsobtainedarediscussed.22.Whichofthefollowingismostsimilartotheactionsofnineteenth-centuryethnologistsintheireditingofthelifestoriesofNativeAmericans?A)AwitnessinajurytrialinvokestheFifthAmendmentinordertoavoidrelatingpersonallyincriminatingevidence.B)Astockbrokerrefusestodivulgethesourceofherinformationonthepossiblefutureincreaseinastock'svalue.C)Asportsannouncerdescribestheactioninateamsportwithwhichheisunfamiliar.D)Achefpurposelyexcludesthespecialingredientfromtherecipeofhisprizewinningdessert.28.Accordingtothepassage,collectinglifestoriescanbeausefulmethodologybecauseLA)lifestoriesprovidedeeperinsightsintoaculturethanthehypothesizingofacademicswhoarenotmembersofthatcultureB)lifestoriescanbecollectedeasilyandtheyarenotsubjecttoinvalidinterpretationsC)ethnologistshavealimitednumberofresearchmethodsfromwhichtochooseD)lifestoriesmakeiteasytodistinguishbetweentheimportantandunimportantfeaturesofaculture29.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageasawholeisto.A)questionanexplanationB)correctamisconceptionC)critiqueamethodologyD)discreditanidea30.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatacharacteristicoftheethnologicalresearchonNativeAmericansconductedduringthenineteenthcenturywastheuseofwhichofthefollowing?A)Investigatorsfamiliarwiththecultureunderstudy.B)Alanguageotherthantheinformant'sforrecordinglifestories.C)Lifestoriesastheethnologist'sprimarysourceofinformation.D)Completetranscriptionsofinformants'descriptionsoftribalbeliefs.SectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:294难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］

60Incontrasttoadvertising,personalsellingestablishesatwo-waycommunicationbetweenthesalespersonandbuyerthatallowsthesalesmessagetobeadaptedtothespecialcircumstancesofthecustomer;Personalsellingisespeciallyimportantwhenadetailedexplanationordemonstrationoftheproductisrequired.Asalespersonisfreetovarytheindividualprospect.Moreover,whenobjectionsareraised,thesalespersonistheretoprovideappropriatecounterargumentsandexplanations.Advertisingcanonlyrespondtoobjectionsthattheadswriterthinksareimportanttocustomers.Furthermore,personalsellingcanbespecificallydirectedtoqualifiedprospects,whileagreatdealofadvertisingiswastedbecausemanypeopleintheaudiencehavenousefortheproduct.Personalsellingismoreflexibleinthatthesalesforcecanvaryinsizefromonepersontothousands.Incontrasts,advertisingmustbepurchasedasacampaigninfairlylargeblocks.Perhapsthemostimportantadvantageofpersonalsellingisthatitisconsiderablymoreeffectivethanadvertisinginclosingthesaleandgettingthecustomer'ssignatureontheorderform.Aclearindicationoftheutilityofpersonalsellingisprovidedbythelargedollarexpensesandthesignificantnumberofpersonsemployedinsales.Personalsellingexpensesexceedthoseofadvertising.Manypeoplearesurprisedbythelevelofspendingforsalespromotion.Theseexpensesaregrowingrapidlyandwillsoonexceedthoseforadvertising.Salespromotionactivities,suchaspoint-of-purchasedisplays,contests,andprizes,areextremelyimportanttosalespersonnel.Suchactivitiescanhelpmobilizepositivefactors,createenthusiasm,andprovidetopicsforconversationswithcustomers.Theobjectiveisnottomaximizeexpensesforanyonemethod,butrathertofindacombinationofactivitiesthatefficientlylocatesprospects,closessales,andretainscustomers.29.Whydidtheauthorsaypersonalsellingestablishatwo-waycommunicationbetweenthesalespersonandbuyer?30.Whendoesthepersonalsellingseemespeciallyimportant?31.Whydidtheauthorsaypersonalsellingismoreflexibleinthesalesforce?32.Contrasttoadvertising,themostimportantadvantageofpersonalsellingaccordingtotheauthoris33.TheobjectiveofsalespromotionactivitiesisModelTestSixPartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7mark

61Y(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.11waystoImproveLandingPages[字数:1182难易度:★★★★]You"reabouttolaunchabigonlinemarketcampaigncompletewithmediabuys,searchengineplacement,banneradsandblogbuzz.You'vetestedyourcreativeandyourclickthroughrateisstrong.Youknowonceyougolive,tonsoftargetedtrafficwillbehittingyoursite.Evenafteracustomerhasdecidedtoacceptyouroffer,theconversioncanbelost.Anyflawinsitefunctionalityandusabilitycancauseyoutolosetheconversion,soensureyourprivacyinformationispostedandtherearenohiccupsinformprocessing.Timetositbackandrelax,right?Notquiteyet.ConversionUponarrivingatyoursite,youwantthevisitortodosomething(e.g.,registerforyournewsletterorbuyyourproduct).Yoursiteisnotsuccessfuluntilthatdesiredactionistaken.Whenavisitortakesthatdesiredaction,you'vehadaconversion.Ifyouhavemillionsofvisitorscomingtoyoursitedailyandnooneconverts,notonlydoyouhaveanunsuccessfulmarketingcampaign,butalsoabighostingbill.Attractingtrafficiseasy.Thetrickypartisconvertingit.Andthat'sthepurposeofyourlandingpage.WhatisaLandingPage?Alandingpageisthepagevisitorsarriveatafterclickingonyourpromotionalcreative.Yourlandingpagehastoconvincethevisitortostayand(dependingonyourgoal):•Filloutaform(butpeoplehatefillingoutforms)•Providepersonaldetails(butpeoplehategettingspammed)•Buysomething(butpeoplehatebeingscammed)•Readalotofinformation(butpeoplereallyhatereading)Asyoucansee,therearesomemajorobstaclestogettingvisitorstodowhatyouwantonyourlandingpage.Youhavetoconvincepeopletodothingstheyhate.Thisiswhytypicalconversionratesareextremelylow.Beforewegetintothedetailsaboutlandingpagedesign,let\thinkaboutthevisitors.ThinkAboutYourUserMostpeopledon'tcometoyourlandingpageandlookateverysingledesignelement.Theycomelookingforcluestoquicklyanswertheirquestions.Theywanttoknow:•"Isthistherightplace?”・"IsthishowIimagineditwouldbe?"・"ShouldIclickthebackbutton?"•"Doesthislooktrustworthy?"・"Howmuchtimeisthisgoingtotake?"Yourlandingpageneedstoaddressalltheseissuesimmediately.Ifyourdesignelementsarenotfocusedenoughand/ordistractthevisitor,expecthighpageabandonment.Next,visitorsthink:"ShouldIacceptthisoffer?"Thisiswhereyourmarketingcopyandpitchcomesin.Visitorswillscanyourintroductioncopy,mediacontent,productinformation,testimonials,anddesignvalueanddecidewhetherornottoconvert.

62Evenafteracustomerhasdecidedtoacceptyouroffer,theconversioncanbelost.Anyflawinsitefunctionalityandusabilitycancauseyoutolosetheconversion,soensureyourprivacyinformationispostedandtherearenohiccupsinformprocessing.11TipstoImproveYourLandingPage1.DefineYourConversionBeforeyoustarttodesignyourlandingpage,definethatpage'sconversionactivity.Foranewsletterlandingpage,theconversionactivityisenteringanemailaddressintoaformandclicking“Accept”.2.DoaLittleResearchAlittledemographic(人口统计的)researchgoesalongway.Figureoutwhatyourvisitorislookingforandwhatofferswork.Buildaprofileofyouridealvisitor.Keepthispersoninmindwhencreatingyourlandingpage.Donotconstructthepageforanyoneelse一genericandbroadpagesareproventofai!一andkeepeverything"ontarget."Youradcampaignalreadyfunnelstraffictoyourlandingpage,sovisitorsareexpectingaverytargetedmessage.Tailorthepagestothem.3.EliminateunneededElementsDistractionskillconversions.Stripanyunneededelementsfromthepage.Thisisnotyourhomepage.Anyonewhocomestoyourlandingpagehasalreadybeenscreenedbyyourad.Theyexpectaveryspecificmessage.4.MatchtheCreativeThelandingpageandcreativeshouldmatch.Theeasiestwaytocluevisitorsinthattheyhavearrivedattherightplaceistousetheheadingfromyouradcreative.5.RemoveNavigationIfyoucan,removethenavigationbar.Ofcourse,don'tremoveitifitisessentialtotheconversionprocess.Rememberyourmessage,andifalinkhasnothingtodowithit-chuckit!6.StayFocusedAvoidtheurgetopromoteorlinktootherareasofyoursite.Thepointofthelandingpageistopreventyourvisitorfromwandering.Youwantthemconverting,notclickingaroundtootherpartsofyoursiteandmarvelingatyourFlashanimations.ImagineifGAPencouragedshoppersenteringtheirstorestoleaveandwalkaroundthemall.Oncetheystopthinkingaboutyouroffer,you'velostthem.7.ImportantElementAbovethe“Fold”Payattentiontothevirtualfold(thebottomofthescreenbeforescrolling).Placeenoughcontentabovethefoldtoallowyourvisitortomakeadecisionaboutcontinuingonthesite.Ifavisitorhastoclickorscrolltofigureoutwhatyoursiteisabout,theonlythingthey'llclickisthebackbutton.8.ProvideConversionExitsMakeiteasyforyourvisitortoconvert.Placeconversionexitsabovethefoldandateveryscroll-and-a-halfofscreenspace.9.LeadtheEyeUsetypographyandcolortoyouradvantage.Leadtheeyealongthepagetowardstheconversionexit.Thoughtfuluseofwhitespace,largecopyandgraphicscanmakealongpageseemmuchshorterthanitreallyis.Becarefulthough一agreatimagewilldemandalotofeyetimeandifmisplacedcanruintheflowofyourmessage.Placetheimportantstuff(whetherit'syourcopyoryourimage)closetothemiddle,andneverdistractyouruserfromthatfocalpoint.Avoidputtinginterestingmaterialinsidebars.Thispullstheeyeawayfromthemainbody.Ifit'sinterestingandvaluable,keepitclosetothecenteranduseittodirecttheeye.

631.FixFormsOptimizeyourforms.Maketheinputcursorhoptothenextfieldafterauserfinishesthecurrentfield.Allowtheusertotabaroundfields.Auto-populateanyfieldsyoucan.Removeallunneededfields.Don'taskforcity/state/provinceifyouaskforaZiporpostalcode.Focusontheessentials.Ifyou'reaskinguserstoregisterforanewsletter,askforonlyanemailaddress.Youdon'tneedtheirnamenow.Getridoftheresetbutton.It'sdangerousforboththeuserandyou.2.Test,Test,TestAfteryouhavefinishedthedesignofyourlandingpage,testitwithasmallusergroup.Gooverachecklistwithyourdesignteam:•Isthewholepagefocused?•Doesthemessagematchtheadvertisement?•Haveyoureducedalldistractions?•Iscriticalinformationabovethefold?•Arethereenoughconversionexits?•Doesthepageenhanceyourbrand?Ouestions:1.Usuallythetypicallandingpageswillaskthevisitorstodosomethings,suchasfillingoutaform,providepersonalinformation,etc..2.Oncethecustomershaveacceptedtheofferonlandingpage,theywouldbuytheproducts.3.Thelandingpagesshouldprovideasmuchinformationaspossiblebecausethevisitorswilllookatalltheinformationcarefully.4.Inthispassage,itissuggestedthatafterdesigningalandingpage,peopleshoulddoalittleresearchtoknowwhatthevisitorsreallywanttolookforonthelandingpage.5.Interestinginformationshouldbeplacedinthewhitespacetomakethelandingpageasattractiveaspossible.6.Onthelandingpage,youshouldaskforthevisitors'informationasmuchaspossible,suchasthename,address,telephonenumber,zipcode.7.Afteryouhavecompletedthedesignofthelandingpage,youshouldmakeittestedwithasmallgroupofuserstomakesureifthelandingpageisinaccordancewithyourpurpose.8.Afterthevisitorsenterthelandingpage,theywillscanyourtestimonials,anddesignvalueanddecidewhetherornottoconvert.9.Evenifthecustomershavedecidedtoacceptyouroffer,youwilllosetheconversionbecauseof.10.Youshouldtailorthepagestothevisitorsandprovidetothem.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:229难易度:★★★建议答题时间:6分钟］Adultswhohadbeenfedplentyoffruitwhentheywerechildrenarelesslikelytosufferfromcertaintypesofcancer,BritishscientistssaidonWednesday.Amedicalstudyof_11—4,000menandwomenshowedthatthemorefruitstheadultshadeaten

64whentheywere_12—thelesslikelytheyweretosufferfromlung,bowelandbreastcancer.叮hisstudyshowsthatchildhoodfruitconsumptionmayhavealongterm_13_effectoncancerriskinadulthood,"Dr.MariaMaynardoftheMedicalResearchCouncilinLondonsaid.Alloftheadultsinthestudyhadfilledinafood_14_duringthe1930sforaresearchstudylookingintotheeatinghabitsoffamiliesin_15_andurbanareasofEnglandandScotland.MaynardandhercolleaguesstudiedthemedicalrecordsofthegroupuptoJuly2000,bywhichtime483casesofcancerhadbeen_16_.Inadditiontofewercasesofcancer,ahighconsumptionoffruitwas_17_withalowerdeathratefromallcauses.Fruitsareloadedwithantioxidants,vitaminsandothernutrients,whichcanhelptopreventgenetic_18—thatcanleadtothedevelopmentofcancer.Thescientistalsostudiedthe_19—ofvitaminsC,Eandbetacaroteneoncancerbuttheydidnotfindany_20_thatindividualantioxidantswereasprotectiveasfruit.A)impactI)damageB)efficiencyJ)youngC)associatedK)inventoryD)insertL)ruralE)protectiveM)nearlyF)furthermoreN)evidenceG)decentQ)grabH)diagnosedSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:334难度易:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］TheManofManySecret一HapHoudini一wasoneofthegreatestAmericanentertainersinthetheaterthiscentury.Hewasamanfamousforhisescapes-fromPrisoncells,fromwoodenboxesfloatinginrivers,fromlockedtanksfullofwater.HeappearedintheatersalloverEuropeandAmerica.CrowdscametoseethegreatHarryHoudiniandhis"magic"tricks.Ofcourse,hissecretwasnotmagicorsupernaturalpowers.Itwassimplystrength.Hehadtheabilitytomovehistoesawellashemovedhisfingers.Hecouldmovehisbodyintoalmostanypositionhewanted.HarrystartedworkingintheentertainmentworldwhenhewasV7in1891.HeandhisbrotherperformedcardtricksinaclubinNewYork.TheycalledthemselvestheHoudiniBrothers.WhenHarrymarriedin1894,heandhiswifeBessworkedtogetherasmagicianandassistant.Butforalongtimetheywerenotverysuccessful.ThenHarryperformedhisfirstprisonescapeinChicagoin1898.Harrypersuadedadetectivetolethimtrytoescapefromtheprison,andheinvitedthelocalnewspapermentowatch.ItwasthepublicitythatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini'ssuccess.Haphadfingerstrained

65toescapefromhandcuffs(手铐)andtoestrainedtoescapefromanklechains.Buthisbiggestsecretwashowheunlockedtheprisondoors.Everytimehewentintotheprisoncell,Bessgavehimakissforgoodluckandsmallskeletonkey,whichisakeythatfitsmanylocks,passedquicklyfromhermouthtohis.Harryusedtheseprisonescapestobuildhisfame.Hearrangedtoescapefromthelocaljailofeverytownhevisited.Intheafternoon,thepeopleofthetownwouldreadabouttheirlocalnewspapers,andintheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheatrewouldbefull.Whatwastheresult?World-widefameandanamerememberedtoday.21.Hap'ssuccessinprisonescapesdependson.A)hismagictricksandsupermanPowersB)hisspecialtricksandaskeletonkeyC)hisunusualabilityandaskeletonkeyD)thehelpofhiswifeandhisgoodluck22.Inthefourthparagraph,theword"this'1refersto.A)hisfirstprisonescapeB)thelocalnewspaperC)thedetectiveD)thepublicity23.Hapgavehisperformancemostoften.A)inclubsB)inriversC)inthelocalprisonsD)inthelocaltheatres24.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHarrybecamefamous.A)whenhewasabout24B)whenhewasabout17C)aftertheyear1894D)beforetheyear189825.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutHarry?A)Harrygavehisfirstperformanceinaprison.B)HarrywasfirstrecognizedwidelyinChicago.C)Harryenteredtheentertainmentworldtogetherwithhiswife.D)Harryowedhisgreatsuccessprincipallytohissmallskeletonkey.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.［字数:363难易度:★★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］A"small"cometimpactonEarthisthemostlikelyextraterrestrial(地球外的)objecttokillmillionsofpeopleanditcouldhappenatanymoment,accordingtoaBritishexpert.Dr.MattGenge,fromLondon'sNaturalHistoryMuseum,hasinvestigatedthedamagethatawiderangeofsmallmeteorites(陨星)andcometswouldhave,iftheystrikeourplanetHeidentifiescometsbetweenjust50and100meterswideasthemostterrifyingdestructive,withmassiveheatandshockwavesburningpeopleandcrushingbuildings.Heexplainsthatwhilemeteoritesbiggerthantwokilometerscouldwipeouthumanity,thesehitsareexpectedonlyonceeverymillionyearsorso.Smalleronescouldstillleadtothedeathsoftensofmillionsandarrivemuchmorefrequently.Thesearethereforemuchmore

66dangerous,hesaid.A60-meter-widecometexplodedoverSiberiain1908with600timestheenergyofthebombdroppedonHiroshima.Itlaidwastetoa40-kilometer-widepatchofforest,butfortunately,theareawasunpopulated.CometsofthissizeareexpectedtostriketheEarthevery100to300years.Ifthe1908comethadarrivedjusteighthourslater,itwouldhavestruckLondon,killingeveryoneanddestroyingeverythingasDr.Gengedescribed.Dr.GengelookedatthephysicalpropertiesofmeteoritesandcometstoidentifytheSiberian-typestrikeasthemostdangerous.Ironically,itisbecausethe50-to-100-meterwidecometsaresoweakthattheyaresodangerous.Theybreakupintofragmentswhichexplodejustafewkilometersabovetheground-"theoptimum(最优)altitudeformaximumdevastation(毁灭),“saidDr.Genge.Stoneandmetalmeteoritesofsimilarsizearemuchstrongeranddonotbreakupandexplode.However,100-meter-widemetalmeteoriteswouldcreateablastareaof60kilometersacrosscomparedtojusttwokilometersforastonemeteoriteofthesamesize.Themetal'shigherdensityistoblame.Dr.GengebelievesthatthistypeofanalysiswillhelptodecidewhatlevelofdangeranEarth-boundobjectwouldposeandaiddecisionsaboutwhatcourseofactiontotake.21.AccordingtoDr.Genge,"small"cometsaremoredestructivethanbigonesbecause.A)theywillburnpeopleandcrushbuildingsB)theyareexpectedmuchmorefrequentlyC)theykillmorepeopleD)theyreleasegreaterenergy22.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe1908comet?A)Itcame8hoursearlierthanexpected.B)ItkilledeveryoneinLondon.C)Itdestroyedaforest.D)Itwas600timesthesizeofabomb.23.Theauthorcitedthe1908cometasanexampleforthepurposeof.A)explainingwhy"smallcomets"arethemostterrifyingB)PredictingwhenacometwouldstrikeEarthC)showinghowfrequentlyacometvisitsEarthD)illustratingthemassiveenergyreleasedby"smallcomets"24.The50-to-100-meter-widecometsaremoredangerousthanstoneandmetalmeteoritesbecause.A)theirweaknessmakesiteasyforthemtobreakupintoexplosivepiecesB)theydroppedfromahigheraltitudeandsoweremoredestructiveC)stoneandmetalmeteoritescreateasmallerblastareaD)it'seasiertotakeactionagainststoneandmetalmeteorites25.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutcometsandmeteorites?A)Thesmalleracomet,themoredangerousitis.B)Metalmeteoritesaremoredangerousthanstoneones.C)Dr.Gengewaspessimisticaboutthethreatofcomets.D)Precautionscanbetakenagainstcometsaidmeteorites.SectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(not

67exceeding10words).［字数:264难易度:★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］Scientistsestimatethatabout35,000otherobjects,toosmalltodetectwithradarbutdetectablewithpowerfulEarth-basedtelescopes,arealsocirclingtheEarthatanaltitudeof200to700mile.ThisdebrisposeslittledangertousontheEarth,butsinceitistravelingataveragerelativespeedsofsixmilespersecond,itcanseverelydamageexpensiveequipmentinacollision.Thisthreatwasdramatizedbyacavityone-eighthofaninchindiametercreatedinawindowofaUnitedStatesspaceshuttlein1983.Thepitwasdeterminedtohavebeencausedbyacollisionwithaspeckofpainttravelingataspeedofabouttwotofourmilespersecond.Thewindowhadtobereplaced.Asmoreandmorenationsputsatellitesintospace,theriskofcollisioncanonlyincrease.Measuresarealreadybeingtakentocontrolthegrowthoforbitaldebris.TheUnitedStateshasalwaysrequireditsastronautstobagtheirwastesandreturnthemtotheEarth.TheUnitedStatesAirForcehasagreedtoconductlow-altituderatherthanhigh-altitudetestsofobjectsitputsintospacesodebrisfromtestswillreentertheEarth'satmosphereandbumup.Extrashieldingwillalsoreducetheriskofdamage.Forexample,2,000poundsofadditionalshieldingisbeingconsideredforeachofsixspace-stationcrewmodules.Further,theEuropeanSpaceAgency,aninternationalconsortium,isalsolookingintopreventivemeasures.21.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatdebriswasharmfultooneofthespaceshuttlesbecausethedebriswas22.Whateffectdidorbitaldebrishaveononeofthespaceshuttles?23.Whatdoestheword"them"inthethirdsentenceofPara.2referto?24.Whereinthepassagedoesthewritermentionamethodofprotectingspacevehiclesagainstdamagebyspacedebris?25.Whyistheriskofdamagetospaceequipmentlikelytoincrease?ModelTestSevenPartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.2007Men'sTrackandFieldSeasonPreview[字数:1239难易度:★★★]

68TheUniversityofArizonamen'strackandfieldteamiscomingoffitsbestoverallseasoninschoolhistory.TheWildcatswereninthattheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)IndoorChampionships,thirdatthePac-10andNCAAWestRegionChampionships,andclosedouttheseasonbyequalingithighestNCAAOutdoorfinishbyplacingfourth.Theteamisprimedtocontinuethissuccessin2007.ReturningFourAll-AmericansandtwootherNCAAqualifiers,thiswillbeoneofArizona'sdeepestteamsever,withcapableathletesineacheventarea.HeadcoachFredHarveyisoptimisticabouthisgroupofathletes,andfeelstheyhavewhatittakestoremainoneofthebestteamsintheNCAA.Atalentedrecruitingclass,coupledwithstrongreturningathletesshouldputtheWildcatsincontentionfortheirfirsteverPac-10teamtitleonceagainin2007.“EvenwiththelossofRobertCheseretandSeanShields,twoofthebestathletesinthehistoryofArizonatrackandfield,our2007editionofthe4TrackCats'willbejustasstrongaslastyear'steam,"saidHarvey."Wefinishedinthetopfouratallthreeoutdoorchampionshipmeets.ReturningathletesAdamKuehl,ObedMutanya,JordanPowellandDanielMarshallallhaveexperienceonthenationalstage,andwithnewcomersDanielAustin(fourthatthe2006USAT&FOutdoorChampionshipsinthediscus),andhighschoolAll-AmericanKorionMorris,ourgoalsarethesameaslastseason—topfiveatallchampionships."Sprints,Hurdles,andRelaysThemen'ssprintssquadenjoyedastrongyearin2006,andwilllooktoimproveintheupcomingseason.TheCatswillreturnallfourmembersfromit's4x100meterrelayteamthatran39.89andwasfourthattheNCAAWestRegionChampionships.JuniorBobbyMcCoywillleadtheyoungandtalentedsprintcrewashecomesoffhismostproductiveseasonasaWildcat.McCoyransecondlegonboththe4x100and4x400-meterrelayteams,andpostedapersonalbest20.92inthe200meterdash.HarveybelievesthathewillbeoneofthetopsprintersinboththePac-10andtheNCAA'sWestRegion.SophomoreXiongXuehanreturnsandfigurestobeamajorfactorintheWildcatsquestforaPac-10championship.Xuehanhadtheteam'stoptimeinthe100meterslastseason,andanchoredthe4x100-meterrelayteam.SophomoreMarcusTyusandseniorTroyHarrisarethefinaltwolegsontheWildcats4x100-meterrelayteamandwillalsobeinthemixinthe100and200-metersprintsatthePac-10Championships.Inthehurdles,seniorDanielCookwillleadtheteaminboththe110and400-meterraces.Danielwaseighthlastyearinthe110-meterhurdlesatthePac-10Championships,andseventhattheNCAAWestRegionChampionshipswereheranacareerbest14.09.DanielwillreturnasoneofthePac-1O'stophurdlersonceagainforthe2007season.SophomoreChrisTitsworthwasaNCAAWestRegionqualifierinthe400-meterhurdles,despitebattlingahipinjuryallseason.Chriswasabletopostqualityperformancesinthelonghurdles,andalsomadethefinalsattheUSATrackandFieldJuniorNationalChampionshipsinthe110-meterhurdles.AreanativesJeremieBrowerandRobertoChozetwillprovidetheteamwithdepthandwillbecountedtohelptheteamintherelaysandlongsprints.CoachHarveyexpectsthesprintersandhurdlerstocontinuetheirimprovementandhelptheteaminitspursuitofitsfirstPac-10title.DistanceDespitelosingthemostsuccessfulrunnerinPac-10historyinRobertCheserettograduation,theWildcatsshouldonceagainbestronginthedistanceevents.SeniorObedMutanya,whoplacedsecondinthe5,000metersattheconferenceandregionalmeets,willleadthemen.MutanyaearnedthefirstAll-Americanhonorofhiscareerin2006,placingfourthattheNCAAChampionshipsinthe5,0(K)meters,andwilllooktoimproveonthatin2007.CoachJamesLiwillalsocountoncontributionsfromjuniorsKennyFrank,ChrisOgleandseniorMosesMpanga.Frankhastheteam'stoptimesinthe800and1,500meters,andhasshownimprovementineach

69season.Oglewillleadtheteaminthe3,000-metersteeplechase,havingqualifiedfortheWestRegionChampionshipsintheeventduringthe2006season.Mpangafigurestocontendinthelongerraces.ThedistancecontingentwillfeaturemanyathletesfromanArizonacrosscountryteamthatplacedthirdinthePac-10,andtheyshouldremainamongthemosttalentedgroupsintheconferenceduringthetrackseason.PoleVault,JumpsandMultiTheWildcatshadoneofthetopjumpsandmultigroupsinthecountryduringthe2006season,andwillreturntwoAll-Americansforthe2007campaign.SeniorJakeArnoldwillleadtheteam,andisthereturningPac-10andNCAAchampioninthedecathlon.Arnoldimprovedhispersonalbestintheeventbyover600pointslastyear,andwilllooktodefendhistitlesin2007.HewasalsoanAll-Americanintheindoorheptathlon,placingfifthattheNCAAIndoorChampionships.ArnoldplacedthirdattheUSATrackandFieldChampionshipsinthedecathlonoverthesummer,andhasclearlyestablishedhimselfasoneofthetopdecathletesinthecountry.Arnoldwillalsoleadtheteaminthepolevault,havingscoredpointsatthePac-10andWestRegionChampionshipsintheevent.TheWildcatswillalsocountonseniorNickMossbergtoscorepointsfortheteam.Thejuniorcollegetransfershowedgreatimprovementin2006,andshouldcontendforaspotattheNCAAChampionshipsin2007.SophomoreJordanPowellearnedAll-Americanhonorsinthelongjumpduringhisfreshmancampaign,placingninthattheNCAAChampionships.HealsoplacedsecondatthePac-10Championshipsinthesameevent,andfigurestoonceagainbeoneofthepremierjumpersinthenationin2007.DanielMarshall,ajunior,qualifiedfortheNCAAChampionshipsinthetriplejump,andshouldonceagainbeoneofthetoptripleandlongjumpersinthePac-10.HeplacedfifthinthetriplejumpandsixthinthelongjumpatthePac-10Championshipsin2006.CoachSheldonBlockburgerhasatalentedgroupofathletes,andtheircontinuedimprovementwillbekeyiftheWildcatshopetocontendforthePac-10titleandremainamongtheNCAA'sbestteamsin2007.ThrowsTheWildcatthrowingsquadisarguablythebestinthecountry,headlinedbyseniorsAdamKuehl,SakuKuusisto,DanAustinandfreshmanKorionMorris.KuehlbroketheArizonaschoolrecordinthediscus,andhadthetopthrowintheNCAAduring2006.HeplacedsecondattheNCAAChampionshipmeet,andentersthe2007seasonasthetopreturningthrowerinthecountry.KuehlalsoplacedseventhattheUSATrackandFieldChampionshipsinthediscusandwontheNACACdiscustitleoverthesummer.Kuusistoenterstheseasonwithhighexpectationsinthejavelin.Hebattledinjuriesthroughoutmostof2006,butstillmanagedathird-placefinishatthePac-10Championships.Hewasafour-timejuniornationalchampioninFinland.DespitelosingmultipleschoolrecordholderSeanShieldstograduation,thethrowssquadshouldremainArizona'sstrongestareain2007,andnewcoachCraigCarterwillhaveplentyoftalentedathletestoworkwith.Questions;1.TheWildcats,goalthisseasonisthesameaslastseason—top10atallchampionships.2.XiongXuehan,MarcusTyusandTroyHarrisareallsophomoreandtheyareallinthe4xl00-meterrelayteam.3.Twoofthebestathletes,RobertCheseretandSeanShieldslefttheWildcats.4.FredHarveyisconfidentoftheWildcats,successthisseason.

701.SeanShieldswenttocollegeaftergraduation.2.ArnoldplacedfourthattheUSATrackandFieldChampionshipsinthedecathlonoverthesummer.3.JordanPowellisstronginthelongjumpandplacedsecondatthePac-10Championshipsinthisevent.4.TheWildcatthrowingteamisinthecountry.5.broketheArizonaSchoolrecordinthediscus.6.CraigCarterisoftheWildcats.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:342难易度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday.Formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanobviousexample.Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.Now,on_11_,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisrelativelyshortperiodoftime,sowemay_12_thatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Again,inthemodemworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evenso,westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain'scapacity.Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore,and［3_weshallneedlargerones.Thisislikelytobringabouta_14_changetoo:thehead,inparticulartheforehead,will_15_larger.Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoververylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman'seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,we_16_tomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmore_17_becausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobably_18_fromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveauseful_19_anylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald.Perhapsallthisgivesthe_20_thatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat.Thismaywellbetrue.Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotincommonwithuse.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.A)sensitiveI)disappearB)impressionJ)physicalC)basicallyK)growD)normalL)fairlyE)timeM)passesF)assumeN)average

71G)eventually0)purposeH)tendSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOnePassageOne［字数:305难易度:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Manystudieshaveidentifiedastronglinkbetweensuicideanddiagnosablementalillness,especiallydepression.So,becausewomensufferfromdepressionatamuchhigherratethanmen,theywouldseemtobeathigherriskforsuicide.Yet,womenactuallycommitsuicideaboutone-fourthasoftenasmen.GeorgeE.Murphy,professorofpsychiatryatWashingtonuniversityschoolofMedicineinSt.Louis,saysthatfemalesmaybeprotectedbecauseofthewaytheythinkaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers."Womenprocesstheirexperiencewithfriends.Theydiscusstheirfeelings,seekfeedback,andtakeadvice.Theyaremuchmorelikelytotellaphysicianhowtheyfeelandcooperateintheprescribedtreatment.Asaresult,womengetbettertreatmentfortheirdepression.^^Thattreatmentmayhelpprotectthemfromsuicide,butMurphysuggeststhereismoretoit.Theapproachtoproblem-solvingiswhatoftenlandsawomaninapsychiatrist'sofficeinthefirstplace,andthatapproachmaybekeepingfemalesuiciderateslower.Murphybelieveswomenarelessinclinedtocommitsuicidebecausetheirthinkingismoreinclusive.Whileamanmighttendtothrowasideseeminglyperip/?6TH(非本质的,边缘的)issuestogettothecoreofaproblem,awomanmighttakemorethingsintoaccount.Shemaycontinuetoseekinputandprocessproblemslongafterthepointwheremendecideonacourseofaction."She'llconsidernotjustherfeelings,butalsothefeelingsofothers一herfamily,thechildren,evenacquaintances—andhowthesepeoplewillbeaffectedbyadecisionlikesuicide.Amanismuchlesslikelytotakethosethingsintoaccount.Hemakeshisdecision,andit'sabouthim,sohedoesnotfeeltheneedtoshareitwithanyoneelse."21.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A)TherelationshipbetweendepressionandsuicideB)Men'shigherriskofcommittingsuicideC)Reasonsforwomen'slowerriskofcommittingsuicideD)Causesofwomen'sdepression22.Femalesgetbettertreatmentfortheirdepressionbecause.A)theyaremoreconcernedabouttheirhealthB)theyneedphysician'sadviceandfeedbackC)theydiscusstheirfeelingwithadoctorandcooperatewithhimD)theyoftenurgetheirfriendstosendthemtoapsychiatrist'soffice23.Theword“inclusive“inparagraph3probablymeans.A)includingmanythingsB)open-mindedC)considerateD)relevanttoaproblem24.Itisimpliedthatamancanreducehischanceofcommittingsuicideifhe.A)goesstraighttothecoreofaproblem

72A)doesnotallowhimselftobeinfluencedbyhisacquaintancesB)consultsapsychiatristregularlyC)changesthewayhethinksaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers21.Whenamansuffersfromdepression,itistypicalofhimto.A)processhisfeelingsandseekadviceB)considerjusthisfeelingswhenhemakesadecision.C)throwasideobviouslyimportantissuesD)actinahostilemannertowardsapsychiatrist.PassageTwo［字数:290难易程度:★★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Theproducersofinstantcoffeefoundtheirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirproduct'sobviousadvantages.Furthermore,theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers,seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.Thereasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducersuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch'sclassicstudies,oneoftencitedinthetrade.MasonHaire,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,constructedtwoshoppingliststhatwereidenticalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists:hamburger,carrots,bread,bakingpowder,cannedpeaches,andpotatoes,withthebrandsoramountsspecified.Theseventhitem,infifthplaceonbothlists,read"onepoundMaxwellHousecoffee"onthelistand"Nescafeinstantcoffee"ontheother.Onelistwasgiventoeachoneinagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseintheothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudytheirlistandthentodescribe,asfarastheycould,thekindofwoman("personalityandcharacter")whowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhand,onlyonewomanintheothergroupdescribedthehousewife,whohadincludedregularcoffeeonherlist,aslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasprobablynotagoodwife.Nooneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointendedtobuyregularcoffee.22.Whatwasthepurposeofmotivationstudy?A)Todiscoverthereasonwhythereweredeeperreasons.B)Todiscoverthereasonwhyinstantcoffeedidnottastegood.C)Toknowthereasonwhyregularcoffeewassuccessful.D)Tofindthereasonwhypeopleresistedinstantcoffee.23.Intheopinionofinstantcoffeeproducers,.A)peopleshouldbuyregularcoffeeB)regularcoffeeissuperiortoinstantcoffeeC)instantcoffeeshouldhaveagoodmarketbecauseofitsobviousadvantagesD)theadvertisingexpenditureforregularcoffeeisverygreat24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A)Instantcoffeetastesbetterthanregularcoffee.B)Advertisingdoesnotalwaysassurefavorablesalesresults.C)Peoplepaylittleattentiontoadvertising.D)Regularcoffeehasbettertastethaninstantcoffee.25.Ontheresultofthistest,theproducersofinstantcoffeeprobablywouldadvertiseonTVtoshowa.A)lazywifedrinkinginstantcoffee

73A)stupidwifeusinginstantcoffeeB)hard-workingwomandrinkinginstantcoffeeC)goodwifeusingregularcoffee21.Howmanypeopleparticipatedinthemotivationstudy?A)100peopleB)70womenC)14peopleD)10womenSectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).［字数:259难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Anotherculturalaspectofnonverbalcommunicationisonethatyoumightnotthinkabout:space.Everypersonperceiveshimselftohaveasortofinvisibleshieldsurroundinghisphysicalbody.Whensomeonecomestooclose,hefeelsuncomfortable.Whenhebumpsontosomeone,hefeelsobligatedtoapologize.Butthesizeofaperson's"comfortzone“dependsonhisculturalethnicorigin.Forexample,incasualconversation,manyAmericansstandaboutfourfeetapart.Inotherwords,theyliketokeepeachother"atarm'slength'',peopleinLatinorArabcultures,incontrast,standveryclosetoeachother,andtoucheachotheroften.IfsomeonefromoneofthoseculturesstandstooclosetoanAmericanwhileinconversation,theAmericanmayfeeluncomfortableandbackaway.WhenAmericansaretalking,theyexpectotherstorespondtowhattheyaresaying.ToAmericans,politeconversationalistsempathizebydisplayingexpressionsofexcitementordisgust,shockorsadness.Peoplewitha"pokerface'',whoseemotionsarehiddenbyadeadpanexpression,arelookeduponwithsuspicion.Americansalsoindicatetheirattentivenessinaconversationbyraisingtheireyebrows,nodding,smilingpolitelyandmaintaininggoodeyecontact.Whereassomeculturesviewdirecteyecontactasimpoliteorthreatening,Americansseeitasasignofgenuinenessandhonesty.Ifapersondoesn'tlookyouintheeye,Americanmightsay,youshouldquestionhismotives-orassumethathedoesn'tlikeyou.Yetwithalltheconcernforeyecontact,Americansstillconsiderstaring-especiallyatstrangers一toberude.22.Whattheauthordiscussedintheprevioussectionisprobablyabout23.WhyisanAmericanuncomfortableifsomeoneistooclosetohim?24.Whatdoes“apokerface"(Para.2)referto?25.InAmerica,whatisregardedpolitewhensomeoneistalking?26.InAmerica,whatisregardedsincereandtruthfulinaconversationwithfriends?

74ModelTestEightPartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7markY(forTES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.CuttingYourCancerRisk[字数:1188难易程度:★★★]Doesreducingthenumberofcancerdeathsaroundtheworldbyathirdsoundlikealoftygoal?Ninesimplelifestylechangescoulddojustthatandhaveadramaticimpactoncancer'sdeathtoll,accordingtoarecentstudy.Here'swhatallofuscandotocuttherisk.Reducingcancer*sdeathtollthroughpreventionEverheardthesaying"preventionisthebestmedicine"?Whilethereareanumberoffactorsthatcontributetotheriskofdevelopingcancerandaffectitsprognosis,astudypublishedinthemedicaljournalTheLancetfoundthatnineriskfactorscontributedtomorethanathirdofcancerdeathsaroundtheworldannually.But,unlikeriskfactorsthatarebeyondourcontrol,suchasfamilyhistory,thesearemodifiableriskfactors,somethingwedohavecontrolover.Sotakingpositiveactioninanyoralloftheseareascanlowertheriskofdevelopinganddyingfromcancer.Theriskfactorsidentifiedinthestudywere:•overweightandobesity•lowfruitandvegetableintake•physicalinactivity•smoking•alcoholuse•unsafesex•urbanairpollution•smokefromcoalorwoodstoves•transmissionofhepatitisvirusinahealthcaresettingInthestudy,researchersfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthanalyzeddatafromtheWorldHealthOrganization'sComparativeRiskAssessmentproject,whichexaminesriskfactorsindifferentregionsaroundtheworld.Intheiranalysis,theHarvardresearcherslookedathowcertainriskfactorsaffectedmenandwomenaswellastheimpacttheseriskfactorshadinhigh-,low-,andmedium-incomecountries.

75Overall,theresearchersconcludedthattheseriskfactorsaccountfor35%,or2.43million,oftheworld's7millionannualcancerdeaths.Inhigh-incomeregions,suchasNorthAmerica,smoking,alcohol,andoverweightandobesitywerefoundtobethemostimportantriskfactors.InCanada,anestimated69,500peopledieofcancereachyear.Becausethereareeffectivescreeningmethodsavailableforonlyafewcancers(andprognosiscanbedependentoncatchingcancerearly,beforeitspreads)andformanycancerstheeffectivenessoftreatmentmaybelimited,thebestwaytoreducethesedeaths,accordingtotheHarvardstudy,istopreventthecancersfromdevelopinginthefirstplacebytargetingmodifiableriskfactors.TakecontrolofyourcancerriskKnowingwhichlifestylefactorshaveanimpactoncancerriskworldwideisimportant,buthowcanyoutellwhichfactorsactuallyaffectyourlife?Youcanstartbylookingatthelistofmodifiableriskfactorsandaskingyourselfhowyoumeasureup.Remember,theseareriskfactorsyoucontrol.Whileyoushouldfeelgoodaboutthepositivelifestyledecisionsyou'vemade,youalsoknowwhenyouaredoingsomethingthatisn'tgoodforyourhealth.It'simportanttobehonestwithyourself.Isyourweighthigherthanitshouldbe?Doyouknowyourbodymassindex?Doyousmokeeventheoccasionalcigarette?Doyouexerciseregularly?Doyouknowthedifferencebetweenmoderatealcoholintakeandproblemdrinking?Ifyou'relessthantotallyhonestwithyourself,you'renotalone.ArecentsurveyofNewYorkersfoundthatonly39%ofobeseadultsdescribedthemselvesasobese.Ifyouareonlydealingwithacoupleofextrapoundsrightnow,itmightnotbeaproblem.Butaddingapoundortwoeveryyearwiththepromiseto"takeitoffinthesummer"canaddupovertime,andthatextraweightmayeventuallyadduptoabighealthproblem.Ifyouonlysmoketheoccasionalcigarette,youmaybetellingyourselfitdoesn'tcarrythesamehealthrisksasbeingaregularsmoker.But"social"smokersshouldbeware.Evenlightsmoking(onetofourcigarettesperday)cancarryaheftyhealthtoll,increasingyourriskofdyingfromlungcancerandotherailments.Butacknowledgingyoucouldimproveincertainareasandactuallydoingsomethingaboutitaretwodifferentthings.Afterall,whydotodaywhatyoucanputoffuntiltomorrow?Makingdifferentlifestyledecisionscanbeverydifficult.Thesearehabitsthathavedevelopedoveryearsandunderstandingtheireffectonyourchancesofdevelopingcancerandchangingthemisn'talwayseasy.Ifyou'reconfusedabouthowtheseriskfactorsmayaffectyou,askyourdoctor.Andnexttimeyourdoctorasksyouquestionsaboutyourlifestyle-forexample,ifyousmokeorifyouexerciseregularly-behonest.Admittingyourhabitsaren'talwaysthehealthiestcanfeelembarrassing,butyourdoctoristheretohelp,notjudge.Whenitcomestogettinghelptomakethechangesyouneedtocutyourcancerrisk,yourdoctorisavaluableresource-buttheycanonlyhelpyoumakethosechangesifyoutellthemwhatareasyouneedhelpwith.There'snohealthbenefittostickingyourheadinthesand.MorethingsyoucandotocutyourcancerriskAsidefromyourweight,smoking,anddrinking,theHarvardstudyfoundotherlifestylefactorsthatcanincreaseyourriskofdevelopingcancer.HerearesomeotheronesthatarelikelytoaffectyourhealthhereinNorthAmerica:•lowintakeoffruitsandvegetables•"unsafe"sex•airpollution

76Justaswiththethreemainfactors,therearewaysyoucanreducetheriskposedbythesefactorsaswell.Herearesometips.Increaseyourfruitandvegetableintake:•Togetyour5to10servingsperdayasrecommendedbyCanada'sFoodGuide,keepfreshfruitandveggieswashed,cutandreadytoeat.You'remorelikelytograbthemasaquicksnackifthere'snotalotofpreparation.•Startmealsoffwithasalad.•Keepfrozenveggiesonhand.Vegetablesmaintaintheirnutrientcontentthroughthecommercialfreezingprocessandcaneasilybeincorporatedintoapastaorstir-fry.•Topcerealwithfreshberriesorcutupbananas.•Freezefreshfruittoblendwithmilk,juiceoryogurtforaquicksmoothie.Reduceyourexposuretoairpollution:•Checktheairqualityindexinyourareabeforespendingtimeoutside.Limityourtimeoutdoorsduringsmogadvisories,particularlyifyouhavearespiratorycondition.•Makeyourhomesmoke-free.•Preventfumesfromlingeringinyourlivingspacebyregularlycheckingexhaustsystemsandfluesforhomefurnaces,fireplaces,hotwaterheaters,andotherpossiblesourcesofindoorpollutants.•Makesureairfiltersinyourhomearecleanedorreplacedasoftenasrecommended.•Doyourparttoreduceairpollution:whenpossible,walk,takethebusorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingyourcar.Questions:1.Onecancontrolallthefactorstopreventcancer.2.Theriskfactorscaused35%oftheworld'sannualdeath,3.“SociaFsmokerdon'tneedtoworryabouttheirhealth.4.Someobesepeopledon'tadmittheyareobese.5.Onewaytoreduceairpollutioniswalkinginsteadofdrivingyourcar.6.Eatingfreshvegetablesisthebestwaytocutyourcancerrisks.7.Oneismorelikelytodevelopcancerifheorsheseldomtakesfruitsorvegetables.8.Admittingyoucouldimproveincertainareastocontrolcancerrisksandactuallydoingsomethingaboutitare.9.It'snotabigproblemtodealwithpounds.10.AccordingtotheHarvardstudy,thebestwaytoreducecancerdeathsistopreventthecancersfromdevelopingby.PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(35minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.［字数:291难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:7分钟］

77Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollution_11—onlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesand/orheavyautomobiletraffic.Today,weknowthatalthoughthesearetheareaswiththeworstairpollution,theproblemis_12—worldwide.Onseveraloccasionsoverthepastdecade,aheavycloudofairpollutionhas_13_theentireeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatesandledtohealthwarningseveninruralareasawayfromanymajorconcentrationofmanufacturingandautomobiletraffic.Infact,theveryclimateoftheentireearthmaybeaffectedbyairpollution.Somescientistsfeelthattheincreasingconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheair_14—fromtheburningoffossilfuels(coalandoil)iscreatingagreenhouseeffect一holdinginheatreflectedfromtheearthand_15_theworld*saveragetemperature.Ifthisviewis_16_andtheworld*stemperatureisraisedonlyafewdegrees,muchofthepolaricecapwill_17_andcitiessuchasNewYork,Boston,Miami,andNewOrleanswillbeunder_18—.Anotherview,less_19—held,isthatincreasingparticulatematterintheatmosphereisblockingsunlightandloweringtheearth'stemperature一aresultthatwouldbeequally_20_.Adropofjustafewdegreescouldcreatesomethingclosetonewiceageandwouldmakeagriculturedifficultorimpossibleinmanyofourtopfarmingareas.Atpresentwedonotknowforsurethateitheroftheseconditionswillhappen(thoughonerecentgovernmentreportpreparedbyexpertsinthefieldconcludedthatthegreenhouseeffectisverylikely).Perhaps,ifweareverylucky,thetwotendencieswilloffseteachotherandtheworld'stemperaturewillstayaboutthesameasitisnow.A)hopefullyI)disastrousB)widelyJ)affectedC)limitationK)meltD)literallyL)waterE)reflectedM)correctF)raisingN)causesG)resulting0)coveredH)effectiveSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOne［字数:349难易程度:★★★★建议答题时间:10分钟］In1963anAmericanphysiotherapistGlennDomanwroteabest-sellingbookcalledHowtoTeachYburBabytoRead.Nowtranslatedinto17languages,thisbookarosefromhisworkwithbrain-damagedchildreninPennsylvania.Domanandhisteamofspecialistshadwonderedwhybrain-injuredchildrendidn'timprovewithtreatment.Thentheyrealizedthatorthodoxmethodsoftreatmentonlyrelievedthesymptoms,nottheproblem,whichofcoursewasthebrainitself.Sotheydevelopedanewapproach.4tAllwedoforallchildrenhereistogivethemvisual,auditoryandtactilestimulationwhichincreasedfrequency,intensityandduration,inrecognitionoftheorderlywayinwhichthebraingrows."saysDoman,“Theresultwasthatby1960wehadhundredsofseverelybrain-injuredtwo-year-oldswhocouldreadandunderstand/*Theteamhaddiscoveredthatevenchildrenwhohavehalftheirbrainsremovedcould,bystimulation,achievehigherIQsthantheaveragenormalchild.

78Thentheteambegantothinkifsuchamazingresultscouldbeachievedwithbrain-damagedchildren,whatwouldhappenifthesametreatmentweregiventonormalchildren.SoeightyearsagotheBetterBabyInstitutewasopenedforthebenefitofnormalchildren.Thesamestimulatingenrichedenvironmentwasprovided,and,bythetimethechildrenleft,aroundsevenyearsold,theycouldgenerallyspeakandreadthreeforeign1anguages,playamusicalinstrument,readthreefull-lengthbooksaweekanddoallthethingsthataso-called"normal"childcoulddo.InDoman,sview,thechild'spassiontolearnduringtheyearsuptosixmustbefed.Hebelievesthat,likemuscles,thebraindevelopswithuse,especiallysointhosefirstfewyears.Nowadays,parentscomefromallovertheworldtoPennsylvaniatoseeandlearnfromtheworkofDomanandhisteam.Theywanttodiscoverhowtheycanfulfilltheirrolesasnature'steachers,byusingtheirlove,understandingandinstinctsforthebenefitoftheirchildren.ForinthewordsofDoman,"EverychildbomhasagreaterpotentialintelligencethanLeonardodaVinciused".21.Inhisresearch,GlennDomandiscoveredthatbrain-damagedchildrenimprovedwhenthey.A)weretaughttoreadandunderstandB)couldspeakseverallanguagesC)gottherighttreatmentD)gotrelieffortheirsymptoms22.WhatwasDoman'snewapproach?A)ToincreasethenumberoftypesofstimulationB)TogiveshorterperiodsofdecreasedstimulationC)TointensifytheshorterperiodsofstimulationD)lbdecreasethetimebetweentheperiodsofstimulation23.Frominformationinthetext,wecanassumethat.A)mostnormaltwo-year-oldchildrencanreadB)brain-damagedchildrencanovercometheirdisabilityC)brain-damagedchildrengenerallyhavehighIQsD)childrenwithonlyhalfabrainaremoreintelligent24.AttheBetterBabyInstitute.A)theideaof"normal"achievementwaswrongB)childrenneededsevenyearstodevelopnormalityC)unnaturaldevelopmentofchildrenwasachievedD)childrendevelopedatanormalstandardrate25.WhydoparentscometotheInstitute?A)BecausetheywanttheirchildrentobecomeasintelligentasLeonardodaVinci.B)Becausetheywanttolearnhowtoteachtheirchildrenaboutnature.C)Becausetheywanttodeveloptheirownabilitiestohelptheirchildren.D)Becausetheywanttheirchildrentodevelopinstinctsofloveandunderstanding.PassageTwo［字数:316难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:9分钟］Onedayin1848acarpenternamedMarshall,whoworkedinasawmillontheAmericanRiverinCalifornia,madearemarkablediscovery.Henoticedsomebrightyellowparticlesinthewater,bentdowntopickthemupandtookthemtohispartner,Mr.Sutter.ThiswasthebeginningoftheCalifornianGoldRush.SutterwasaSwisswhohadcometoAmericasomeyearsearliertomakehisfortune.TheGovernor

79ofCaliforniahadgivenhimpermissiontofoundasettlementintheSacramentovalleyandhisdeterminationandenergyhadmadehimrich.Sutterrealizedtheimportanceofthediscoveryanddecidedtofileaclaimsothathisrighttothegoldwouldbeestablished.SohesentamannamedBennettoSanFranciscotoseetheGovernor.HewarnedBennetnottotellanyoneincasepeoplecametothevalleybeforehisclaimwasrecognized.BennetcouldnotkeepthesecretbutthepeopleofSanFranciscodidnotbelievehimatfirst.Thentheeditorofaweeklynewspaperthere,SanBrannan,wenttoSutter'smilltomakeareport.Whenhecamebackheranthroughthestreetsofthetownshouting"Gold!Gold!*Withinamonthalmosttheentirepopulation,thenonly800people,hadgonetolookforthepreciousmetal.ThenewsspreadacrossAmericatoEuropeandthousandsofpeoplejoinedinthesearch.EventhenthereweresomewhowerepreparedtocrosstheterribledesertofDeathValleyinordertoreachthegoldafewdaysbeforetherest.TheGoldRushprovedadisasterforSutterhimself.Theprospectorsdidagreatdealofdamage,andkilledoneofhissons,andattheendofhislifehewasapoormanwhocontinuallystoppedpeopleinthestreettotellthemthatGoldistheDevil.21.Onedayin1848,Marshallsawsomebrightyellowparticlesofinthewater.A)copperB)sandC)goldD)sulfur22.SuttersentBennettoSanFrancisco.A)toasktheGovernorforpermissiontofoundasettlementB)tomakesurethatanygoldfoundonhislandbelongedtohimC)topreventpeoplefromcomingtothevalleyD)totelltheGovernoraboutthediscoveryofgold23.ThepeopleofSanFrancisco.A)setoutforthevalleyassoonasBennettoldthemaboutthegoldB)didnotbelievethestoryuntiltheyreaditinthenewspaperC)wereconvincedaboutthegoldwhenoneofthecitizensconfirmedBennet'sstoryD)believedBennetassoonashetoldthemaboutthediscoveryofgold24.SomepeopleevenpreparedtocrosstheterribledesertofDeathValleysoasto.A)taketheadventureB)showtheirbraveryC)challengethemselvesD)arriveearlier25.Sutterwasruinedbecausetheprospectors.A)didlotsofdamageandkilledoneofhissonsB)tookallthegoldfromhislandC)visitedhimeverydayD)preventedhimfrommakinguseofhispropertySectionCDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words).

80［字数:264难易程度:★★★建议答题时间:8分钟］Noteveryserviceorproductmeetsyoursatisfaction.Whenyouaredissatisfied,youshouldvoiceyourdissatisfaction.Onereasonfordoingsoistohelptheye〃イ”(卖主)knowthereisaproblem.Theproblemmayhavebeencreatedatalowerlevelinthevendor'scompany,andthevendorhimselfmayknownothingaboutitatall.Yourenderhimaservicewhenyoubringweaknessorfailurestohisattention.Asecondreasonforwritingaletterofcomplainttoavendoristoseekredress(赔偿).Youmaynotwishtopursuethemattersofarastotakelegalaction,butyoumaywishtogivethevendortheopportunityofmakinggood.Mostvendorsvalueyourbusinessandtheirreputationsufficientlytoreplacedefectivegoods,resupplyworkthatdidnotmeetspecifications,orrefundmoneywhennecessary.Novendorlikestodoso,butyourcarefullywordedletterofcomplaintmaymotivatehimtodoso.Whenyouwritealetterofcomplaint,you*dbetterkeeptheseTIPSinmind:First,becourteousthoughfirm.Youwillnotwinavendor'scooperationbyanger.Secondly,bereasonable.Showlogicallyandfactuallythatthefaultlieswiththevendororhisclaims.Thevendorshouldbeimpressedwithyourfairnessandquietgraspofthefactsinthematter.Thirdly,bespecificaboutwhatiswrong.Beequallyspecificaboutwhatyouwantdoneaboutit.Lastly,tellhowyouhavebeenhurtorinconveniencedbytheproblem.Thisstrengthensyourargumentforredress.21.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanmotivateavendortomakegood?22.What'sthemainpurposeofyouwritingaletterofcomplaint?23.Howmanypiecesofadvicedoestheauthorlisttovoiceyourdissatisfaction?24.Whatdoestheword"TIPS"(Para.3)referto?25.Howcanyouwinavendor'scooperationaccordingtotheauthor?

81仿真模拟答案及详解ModelTestOne答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.Y2.Y3.NG4.Y5.Y6.N7.N8.big,beautifulpicturesandhomevideos9.Xbox360controller10.powerandperformanceSectionA11-15：C16-20：LSectionBPassageOne21-25：DPassageTwo26-30：CPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)MHENJGIACCBABDDBSectionC31.TheGreatDepression32.BecausetheWestwasindifferentto1980MoscowGames.33.TheEasternEuropeantrackteam.34.For32years.35.ItwasthefirstprivatelyfinancedGameswithhugeprofit.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）解题思路第一步（略）第二步略读文章、把握大意原文主要从三个层面（Communicationー沟通,交流;Memoriesー记忆,存储;Gaming一游戏）介绍微软公司全力推出的新一代视窗系统ーWindowsVista的ー些基本性能及特征。第三步扫描文章、定位答案LY题干线索:webpage原文定位:Seethesitesinawholenewway部分（隶属Communication层面）：Browsemultiplewebpages...inasinglewindow...chooseawebpage...openpages.辨析:原文告诉我们要实现在同一视窗界面浏览多个网页,只需轻点Tab键或快捷键就能做

82到。本题讲述的意思与原文相符,故判断为正确。2.Y题干线索:parentalcontrol；tailored原文定位:Setyourownrulesforyourkids'PCtime部分（隶属Communication层面）：Everyfamily...parentalcontrolsenable...tailoredto...agelevelandinterests.辨析:显然,本题与原文都提及WindowsVista针对不同年龄段的孩子提供了父母监控功能。因此,本题说法正确。3.NG题干线索：viruses；email原文定位:Keepyourselfsafewhileyoumanageyoure-mail部分（隶属Communication层面）：Theseinclude...virusesdeliveredthroughe-mai[...identity.辨析：原文主要论述使用email潜在的危险。不过,原文只字未提email是否为病毒传播最主要的途径,故本题可判断为NG。4.Y题干线索:WindowsMail；shoottroubles原文定位:Keepyourselfsafewhileyoumanageyoure-mail部分（隶属Communication层面）：WindowsMailaddressesthese...messagesyoureceive.辨析:原文提及WindowsMail致カ于提供上述风险的解决方案。此处的风险及前文提到的垃圾邮件,email附带的病毒及个人信息的丢失。因此,本题为正确。5.Y题干线索:scheduledbackupservice原文定位:Safeguardyourdata部分（隶属Communication层面）第一自然段:Helpkeepyoursystemsafefrom...ScheduledandNetworkBackup...WindowsVista.辨析：原文提到WindowsVista提供“网络后台定时备份”功能,让用户免除数据丢失的困扰。因此,我们不断判断本题说法正确。6.N题干线索:photogallery；lifemoments原文定似:Sortyourlifemomentbymoment部分（隶属Communication层面）：Organizeyourimagesbydate,place...—oranytag...evenifyouhavethousands.辨析:本题将管理相册的标签仅仅局限在时间、地点、人物和星级上,忽略了WindowsVista系统提供的无限多样的个性化功能,因此,本题说法不正确。7.N题干线索:burnDVD原文定位:Sortyourlifemomentbymoment部分（隶属Communication层面）：Ifyou'reusingWindowsVista...bumyourcreations...stand-aloneDVDplayers.辨析：原文当中,WindowsVista烧制的DVD碟片只能在PC或DVD单机上播放,而本题夸大了烧制的DVD碟片的播放格式。因此,本题可判断为不正确。8.big,beautifulpicturesandhomevideos题干线索：WindowsMediaCenter原文定位:Enjoyyourmemories,largerthanlife部分（隶属Memories层面）：UseWindowsMediaCentertosharebig,beautifulpictures...rightonyourTV.辨析：本题是对原文句子的同义转述,提到了使用“windows媒体中心”能让我们在电视上分享大容量的美图和自制影片。答案由此而来。

832.Xbox360controller题干线索:actiongame原文定位:Experiencethefutureofgaming部分（隶属Gaming层面）：YoucanevenpluganXbox360controller...actiongamesthewaytheyweremeanttobeplayed.辨析：原文提到,微软Xbox360°c游戏手柄可以与PC联机以实现游戏互享互动,因此,此处应填入Xbox360controller3.powerandperformance题干索:enjoytoday'sgames原文定位：从?utmoreplaytimeinyourfamilytime部分（隶属Gaming层面）：WindowsVistahasthepowerandperformanceyouneedtofullyenjoytoday'sgames.辨析：本题实质上是原文意思的转述，答案由此而来。第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意文章向我们讲述了・个有名的修道院的故事。这个名叫圣伯纳德（StBernard）的修道院修建于公元十一世纪，坐落在欧洲最高的山卡ー连接瑞士和意大利的圣伯纳德大关卡-之间,•直以来都是登山冒险者遇险时的避难所。圣伯纳德修道院的圣伯纳德犬也同样名闻遐迩,它们不仅忠心耿耿地庇护着修道院的安全，也在登山者遇到危难时担当起了救援的责任。文章最后提到,尽管在圣伯纳德山卡已经凿通了一条隧道,但酷爱探险的人们依然热衷于在夏天翻越这座山卡。而到了严寒的冬天，圣伯纳德修道院则会迎来难得的静谧和安宁。第二步:词性分析名词:space空间privacy隐私turn转弯enclosure围地动词:traveling旅游（现在分词或动名词）connects连接（第三人称单数）prefer宁愿crossing穿过（现在分词或动名词）drops滴下，降下（第三人称单数）turn转弯founded建立（过去分词）形容词：regular定期的dangerous危险的unusual非同一般的副词:wildly野生（蛮）地blindly盲目地、草率地第三步:综合分析4.connects从语法角度可知，此处需要填入一个第三人称单数的动词。从备选选项中我们能筛选出connects和drops这两个动词。根据意思判断，此处填入connects更合适,意为“连接瑞士和意大利的山卡’‘。5.founded此处讲述的是圣伯纳德修道院的历史。文章告诉我们，圣伯纳德修道院修建于公元十一世纪，根据语法常识可知，此处需要一个过去分词。因此,备选项中唯一的过去分词founded便是正确答案。6.crossing上文提到，几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院的狗拯救了许许多多游客的生命。因此，此处需要对被拯救的游客做一个修饰限制,备选项中的traveling和crossing可以列入考虑范围。结合下文的thedangerouspass可知，这些被拯救的游客应该是试图攀越圣伯纳德山卡的那些人。因此，crossing相较traveling而言更加适合。

84拓展:travel通常情况下做不及物动词,因此,通常为travel+prep.+n.,如:1)TheytraveltothenearesttownonSaturdaysforshoppingoronSundaysforchurch.2)travelthroughtheforest14.dangerous由空格前的is和less可知,此处需填入形容词的原形。由于文章提到“在圣伯纳德山卡挖凿了隧道”，我们可以推断出,游客可以选择穿越隧道而不用攀越山卡,因此圣伯纳徳山卡比以往应该少了许多危险。故此处应填入dangerous〇15.blindly修饰动词的应该为副词，因此我们需要从备选项中的wildly和blindly这两个副词中做出选择。从文章上下文可知，“尽管开通了新隧道,还是有一些人”试图步行穿越圣伯纳德山卡,因此,“盲目、草率”比“野生地”更加符合原文意思。16.enclosure由空格处前面的不定冠词a可知，此处应填入一个可数名词的单数。备选项中的privacy为不可数名词，可排除。在其余两个可选项中,space强调的是“空间”和’’空地”，enclosure则强调的是“围栏围起的一片空地”，因此，后者更加适用于表述豢养狗的地方。故选择enclosure〇17.drops此处需要一个第三人称单数的动词。备选项中只有drops符合这ー要求，再加上与temperature搭配一般只有rise或drop,故此处应填入drops〇18.prefer由后文的介词to可知，此处填入prefer…to…这ー搭配比较适合。同时，结合上下文可知，圣伯纳德修道院在夏天游客很多,而当寒冬到临时则游客寥寥，修道院才能恢复难得的安宁。因此，修道院里的僧侣更中意冬天。19.privacy严冬到来后,圣伯纳德修道院オ有更多的安宁和私隐空间。故此处填入privacy为宜。20.regular修饰名词的一般为形容词,故此处应从regular和unusual这两个形容词中做出选择。前文提到，冬天的圣伯纳德修道院访客寥寥，文章接着告诉我们,仍然有一批批滑雪爱好者在圣诞节和复活节期间来到修道院。因此，对修道院而言，这些滑雪爱好者无疑是常客。故此处填入regular。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文主要论述了高科技发展下全球化的两个趋势：1)海外市场对国内市场的帀要性日益凸现,同时，公司职员的海外工作背景对其升迁有着更加重要的作用;2)具备外语能力的公司职员具有更大的优势。第二步:理解问题、定位选项21.D题型判断：本题是观点态度题。从题干attitude可知。原文定位：第一自然段:Newtechnologylinkstheworld...enhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.分析：文章第一自然段,作者表明了自己对高科技通讯设备的态度:新科技让全世界前所未有的紧紧联系在了一起,全世界变成了“地球村”。随着传真、电话和卫星连线的出现,国家之间只需数秒就可取得联系。由此可见,作者对髙科技设备显然持有乐观积极的态度。A选项“批评”，B选项为“持有偏见”，C选项为“漠不关心”，D选项则为“积极认同”,故

85答案为D。14.C题型判断:本题是细节题。山题干句式weknowthat…可知。原文定位:第二自然段：abreedofmodembusiness...respectfortheeconomicvaluesofdoingbushinessabroad...successoverseas...supportdomesticbusinessefforts.分析：原文提到,高科技的新发展衍生了一群新兴的现代商业人士,他们对海外业务的经济价值给予了充分的帀视，同时.，海外市场的成功对国内市场的帮助也更加明显。A选项认为商业人士“必须熟悉现代科技”，第二自然段并未提及。B选项认为商业人士“从国内业务中获得了越来越多的经济利益’’,与原文意思相悖。D选项认为商业人士“讲注意力从国内市场转向了国际市场”,夸大了原文的意思。而C选项认为商业人士"的海外业务给予了更多的关注”，与原文相符,故答案为C。15.C题型判断：本题是语义题。由题干means可知。原文定位：第三自然段：Theexecutive...nolongerneedfearbeing**outofsightandoutmind"....thatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.分析:“outofsightandoutmind”原为“眼不见，心不烦”，在本文中的意思有了转换。文章提到，派驻外国的管理人员应该相信，自己在海外市场的努力对公司的全盘计划有着举足轻重的作用，而且一旦有了派驻海外的机会，也就意味着升迁指日可呆，因此，他们实在无需担心自己“outofsightandoutmind”。可见,该短语此处的意思实则是“混不到脸熟，升迁无望”,故答案为C。A选项意为“由于视カ差，无法思考”，B选项意为“与国内业务完全失去联系”，D选项意为“无忧无虑”。16.B题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干Itcanbelearned可知。原文定位：第五自然段：Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequired...but...givesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.分析:文章告诉我们，尽管第二语言技能不是找工作时的必要条件，但是，在其他条件相当的情况下,具备第二语言能力却会让自己具备胜人ー筹的优势。由此可见B选项“懂得客户方的语言”可能是国际大公司雇佣员エ的考量之一。而A选项意为“与海外商务有往来关系”，C选项意为“基本技术常识”，D为“商务经历ニ17.A题型判断：此题为细节题。由题干句式可知。原文定位：最后一自然段：Theemployeepostedabroad...hasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,.分析：本题虽为细节题，实则考核我们对文中fast-forwardthenegotiations的理解。文章最后咱然段提到，驻守海外的职员如果懂得当地的主要语言就会在谈判桌上fast-forward进程。A选项认为可以“更好地解决谈判过程中出现的争端、分歧”，B选项认为可以“发现适应市场需要的新途径”，C选项认为可以“将他们的计划快速转呈总部”，D选项则认为“容易与国外商户交朋友”。综合可知，A选项较好地阐释了fast-forward意思，B、C、D选项在文中未有提及。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路

86第一步:浏览文章、了解大意这是一篇关于战争中语言行为的文章。文章试图向我们说明,战争期间,为了为杀戮找到ー个合法的借口，战争双方都会竭力从语言上弱化对方，从而让己方士兵接受这样ー个观点:杀人不仅是可以接受的,而且是光荣的。文章第一自然段列举三个例子，告诉我们语言在战争中也起着一定的作用。在第二自然段,文章解释了为何要给对方命名的原因。接下来,文章在第四自然段乂再次举例说明语言在战争中的作用及其影响。最后，文章揭示了战争中语言最根本的作用,即证实这样ー个推断:被杀戮的人算不上真正的人,因此他们感觉不到痛苦。这样，所有的杀戮行为都披上了合法、合情、合理的外衣。第二步:理解问题、定位选项14.C题型判断:本题是推断题。由题干whatcanbeinferred可知。原文定位：第一自然段：AnAmericansoldierreferstoanIraqiprisoneras"it.”...Wordstooplaytheirpart.分析：文章列举三个例子,如美国士兵称伊拉克囚犯为“它”，将军把伊拉克士兵称为“敌人”,而武器制造商谈论的不是“人”,而是“目标”,这些都是为了向我们展示一个现象，即:战争期间会涌现出一批很奇怪的、不合常理的称谓方式。因此，C选项是正确答案。而A选项“战争时期，语言比枪炮更有力”和B选项“有战争就有语言战”在原文并未提到。D选项“语言和枪炮ー样,都是战争期间不可或缺的武器”夸大了原文意思。15.B题型判断:本题是语义题。由题干whatdoestheword…mean可知。原文定位：第二自然段：Thenamesneednotbeobviouslydemeaning.Justthefactthatwecannamethemgivesusasenseofsuperiorityandcontrol.分析：从上下文可知：这些称谓无需带有明显的…,实际上只是通过给敌人命名，使我们产生一一种优越感和支配感。可见,能令己方产生优越感的这些称谓应当不是“令对方愉快的”(Pleasant),故排除A选项，而C选项“异国情调的”和D选项“奇怪的”也不妥当。因此，B选项“侮辱的、贬损的”为正确答案。16.D题型判断：本题为细节题。山题干whichis…NOTtrue可知。原文定位：1)第二自然段：Butinwar...killingotherpeople...acceptable...honorable.2)第四自然段:Oncelanguagedraws...imaginableandthenjustifiable.3)第二自然段:Thespecificwords...culturetocultureandwartowar.分析:由原文可知,战争时,军中新兵必须得被说服接受这样ー种观点：杀人不仅是可以接受的，而且是光荣的。因此A选项“战争语言意在让士兵接受和推崇杀人”是正确说法。最后・自然段提到,语言•旦划清了被杀的人和常人之间的界限,杀人和其他虐待行为就是可以理解的。因此，选项B“战争语言旨在让杀人合情合理”符合文章意思。C选项“在不同文化中，战争语言在词汇和意思上各不相同”也符合原文意思。至于D选项“战争语言来的快、去的快”则与文章相悖。文章曾提到美国独立战争时英国人对美国人“扬基佬”的称谓沿用至今。因此,D选项是不正确的说法。17.D题型判断：本题为细节题。由题干句式whydo可知。原文定位：1)第四自然段：Theterrorsanduncertainties...forsoldiersonthefront.2)第四自然段:Butciviliansback...bythecriminaljusticesystem.3)第四自然段：Thereasoningis...imaginableandthenjustifiable.

87分析：对士兵为什么要接受并传播那些特殊的称谓，文中提到了三点原因,即：1)战争的恐怖性和不确定性为前线士兵提供了心理上的必要性;2)前线士兵需要安慰自己：自己的杀戮行为是免于普通的犯罪惩罚;3）战争语言可以帮助士兵们将自己在前线杀死的人同通常意义上的人区分开。由此可见,D选项为正确答案。14.B题型判断:本题为观点态度题。由题干tone可知。原文定位:全文分析：本题询问文章的整个基调。通读全文可知,文章只是实事求是地简单陈述了战争中语言行为这ー现象并分析了原因,并未给出明确的赞同或批判的观点。由此可见,文章的基调应为B选项“实事求是”。第三步（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意本文对1984年洛杉矶奥运会做了一个筒略的介绍。文章第一段告诉我们,1984年洛杉矶第二次承办了奥运会,但受到了前苏联和13个社会主义国家的抵制。第二段告诉我们，在东欧劲敌缺席的情况下美国在田径项目独领风骚。第三段提高中国在本届奥运会中的表现。第四段则对本届奥运会中表现杰出的ー些金牌得主做了简单介绍。最后,文章提到,1984年洛杉矶奥运会是现代奥运史上是第一次由私人赞助，并获得了空前盈利。第二步:寻求答案、简练作答15.TheGreatDepression题干线索:L.A.：thefirsttime原文定位:第一自然段:Itsfirsteffort,in1932,washitbytheGreatDepression....分析作答:洛杉矶承办两届夏季奥运会时都遇到了麻烦。1932年洛杉矶的第一・次奥运会就受到了经济大萧条的影响。因此,答案为TheGreatDepression.16.BecausetheWestwasabsentfrom1980MoscowGames.题干线索:SovietUnion；Communistallies原文定位:第一自然段:••,theSovietUnionand13CommunistalliesstayedhomeinanobviouspaybackfortheWest'sindifferencetoMoscowin1980.分析作答:由原文可知,由于西方国家对1980年的莫斯科奥运会反应冷淡,1984年洛杉矶奥运会时,前苏联和13个社会主义国家以集体缺席作为报复。因此,在作答时我们可将原文中的indifference转化为形容词indifference,重新组织语言即可。17.TheEasternEuropeantrackteam.题干线索:archrival原文定位:第二自然段：IntheabsenceoftheawesomeEasternEuropeantrackteam,theAmericanspredictablywerethebiggestbeneficiaries....分析作答:文中提到,1984年的洛杉矶奥运会由于少了强大的东欧田径队,美国队成了最大的受益人。我们从而可以推知，东欧田径队应当被视作为美国队最主要的对手。因此,答案カTheEasternEuropeantrackteam.18.For32years.题干线索:howmanyyears；China;absent

88原文定位:第三自然段:Chinaforthefirsttimesince1952sent353athletestoparticipatein16events....分析作答:自从1952年以来中国一直缺席奥运会的舞台,直到1984年洛杉矶奥运会中国オ派出353人的代表团重返奥运会。由此可知,中国缺席奥运会已经有32个年头。14.ItwasthefirstprivatelyfinancedGameswithhugeprofit.题干线索:Timemagazine；1984L.A.Games原文定位:第五自然段:TheL.A.OlympicswerethefirstprivatelyfinancedGameseverandmadeanunheardofprofitof$215million.分析作答：1984年洛杉矶奥运会之所以吸引了《时代》杂志的注意,原因在于两点:1)这是有史以来第一次由私人赞助的奥运会;2)这届奥运会赢取了巨大利润。因此,我们应抓住关键词"firstprivatelyfinanced"和"profiビ组织语言。第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏(略)ModelTestTwo答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.Y2.N3.Y4.NG5.Y6.Y7.Y8.alongertrackrecordofsafety9.orpregnant10.seriousproblemsPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15：HNMLI16-20：GAJOFSectionBPassageOne21-25：CCBABPassageTwo26-30：ADABCSectionC31.Theyarebothfemaleexecutivesinmajorcompanies.32.Becauseofitsmoreliberalandacceptingclimate.33.Familyandnetworkingconnections/old-boynetwork/familyorgolfingbuddies.34.Becausetheyoftenhavetobehavelikemen.35.Positiveattitude.答案详解

89PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步(略)第二步略读文章、把握大意重点浏览文章标题和结构,文章有三级标题(即Howtoweighyourrisk-►Worriedaboutprescriptiondrugs?-1.Weightherisksandbenefitsofanydrug.)»以及每ー个小标题,从而大致了解该文是ー篇关于如何衡量服药风险的说明性题材的文章。文章的第一部分是ー个导言,第二部分从5个方面来讲述了如何在知情的情况下谨慎服用药物。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.Y题干线索:sideeffects.原文定位:1)Worriedaboutprescriptiondrugs部分,第一自然段:Butthereisnodrugthatdoesn'thavesideeffects.2)Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分，第一自然段:Someofthemmaymerelyhaveminorsideeffects,whileothersareabletocausedeath.辨析：原文第一句是一个双重否定句表肯定意思,与题目的前面半句话是一致的;后面半句话是原文第二句的简略表达。3.N题干线索:Thegreaterthebenefit;thelessriskyouaretotake.原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分(隶属1.Weightherisksandbenefitsofanydrug层面),第一自然段:Thegreaterthebenefit,themoreriskyoumaybewillingtotake.辨析:该题比较简单,主要是测试考生对“themore...themore”句型的敏感度。less与more使句子意思完全相反。4.Y题干线索:stilltakesCelebrex;benefitscertainlyoutweightherisks.原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分(隶属1.Weightherisksandbenefitsofanydrug层面),第三自然段:・..butthereisnoreasontothinkthatIhaveanyheartproblems.Thebenefitsatthispointinmylifecertainlyoutweightherisks.Thedrugworks.Iteasesthepain辨析:题目的结构与原文虽然不同,但意思都是:尽管服药有风险,但是服药可以缓解病人的疼痛,当时止痛对于他来说更重要。5.NG题干线索:Newdrugs;morerisky;olddrugs原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分(隶属2.Beespeciallycautiousaboutnewdrugs层面)：Newdrugsareinherentlyrisky.辨析：该题谈到新药“newdrugs”,但本条没有将新药“newdrugs”与旧药“olddrugs”的危险性进行比较。所以答案是NG。6.Y题干线索:notpreciselyknown;whileothersdon't.原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分(隶属3.Knowifyou'reinahigh-riskgroup.后面)：Althoughscientistsstilldon'tknowprecisely...»whileothersdon't.辨析：本题是该段落的首句,题干的句型改变了,意思基本上没有变。即人们仍然不清楚为何有的个体会对某种药物或某种剂量的药物产生不良反应,而其他的人却不会产生。7.Y题干线索:takingyourpills;readtheinstructions.

90原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分(隶属5.Beinformed,andfollowdirectionscarefully层面)第二自然段:Readtheinstructionsandtakeyourpillsexactlyasprescribed.辨析:itisabsolutelynecessary...替换了原文…exactlyasprescribed,两句的意思相当。1.Y

91题干线索:feedback;suspicious原文定位:本句定位于文章的最后一段的第，句:Itisvitallyimportantthat...providefeedbacktomanufacturersandregulatorsiftheyhaveanysuspicionofaproblem.辨析:题干中的Itisofgreatsignificancethat=Itisvitallyimportantthat〇因而两句的意思是同样的。1.alongertrackrecordofsafety题干线索:choice;effectivedrugs原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分（隶属2.Beespeciallycautiousaboutnewdrugs层面）第二自然段:Ifyouhaveachoicebetween...theonewithalongertrackrecordofsafety.辨析:题干中的Ifyouarefacedwithachoice=Ifyouhaveachoice这一概念。2orpregnant题干线索:metabolize原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分（隶属3.Knowifyou'reinahigh-riskgroup层面）：Menmetabolizedrugsdifferentlythanwomendo,forexample.Beespeciallywatchfulifyouareveryyoung,veryoldorpregnant.辨析:Whentakingdrugs,itistheveryyoung,veryoldwho.…题目将前后两句话组合成一个带强调句的复合句。明白这个道理,答案就能在原文里找到。3.题目:seriousproblems题干线索:druginteractions原文定位:Howtomakeinformeddecisions部分（隶属5.Beinformed,andfollowdirectionscarefully层面ノ第一自然段:Druginteractionscancauseseriousproblems.辨析:本句的关键词可以是druginteractions。题干中的communicatetheinformationof...tosb.=tell...tosb.o空白处应该是ー个名词或名词短语作cause的宾语。第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意文章对现代报纸的特征进行了一定的分析。为了说明现代报纸的非凡之处,文章从现代报纸的内容和读者的阅读方式两方面进行了探讨。文章告诉我们,现代报纸内容包罗万象,能够满足不同层次读者的要求,而联系这些不同性的纽带则是现代报纸所特有的时事性。最后,文章告诉我们,基于现代报纸的这些特点,即使是同一份报纸,一千个人也有一千种解读的方式。但是,对所有读者而言,如何花最少的カ气获得最多的咨询,则永远是所有读报人共同的目的。第二步:词性分析（复数）criticism批评、指责employ雇佣;运用attract吸引glancing扫视（现在分词或动名词）range在…范围内变化same同样的名词:instant即刻、即时demands要求range范围动词:skipping跳过（现在分词或动名词）demands要求（第三人称单数）contains包含（第三人称单数）suggests建议（第三人称单数）形容词：immediate立即;直接的

92instant立即副词:partially部分地completely完全地efficiently有效率地第三步:综合分析11.contains文章提到的现代报纸令人不可思议之处共有两点,此处为第一点。从空格处后面的文章可以推断,这里提到的是现代报纸无所不包、无所不有的内容,如报纸当地的犯罪行为、国际政治、体育、商贸、时尚、科学、各式评论和专题报道、社论、深度报道,以及访谈、书评、艺术批评、剧评和乐评等。故此处应填入contains〇12.range显然，在the…of构成的所属结构中,the后面一般必须跟上名词、代词或动名词。由于此处在举例说明现代报纸的包罗万象，因此,range最能说明广。同时,下文的from...to这,搭配也能说明range最为适宜。拓展:1）变动范围awiderageoftemperature（气温变化很大）2）一套同类的不同物件arangeofgardeningtools（ー套园艺工具）13.criticism此处举例说明前文提到的comment（评论）和specialfeature（特别报道）的范围广。既然与评论有关,填入criticism就最适宜。因此，此处应意为“书评、艺术批评、剧评和乐评”。14.completely现代报纸之所以如此不同寻常的第二点原因在于读者不同寻常的阅读方式。下文告诉我们，阅读报纸时非但不能从头读到尾，反而应该时时跳读、略读，或仅仅扫视标题即可。因此，此处填入completely比较合适，意为“切勿全文通读”。15.glancing从上ド文可以推断，由于受by的限制，此处只能填入一个动名词。结合空格后的at,我们可以推断glancing即为正确答案,意为“匆匆扫一眼即可”。16.attractー份好的现代报纸应当为不同的读者提供多样化的选择。显然,空格前的to为不定式的标志,因此，从备选项employ和attract两者中进行选择，attract更加适合，意为“吸引不同的读者”。17.immediate修饰名词的・・般为形容词。其次，此处考核我们对topicality（时事性）的理解。报纸的一大特点即在于它能及时、迅速地报道已发生的时间，因此,immediate最符合这个要求，在此处意为“同事件最直接的关系”。而instant只强调时间的短暂和瞬时，故不选。18.same此处考核我们对报纸功能的理解:尽管（forall）报纸包罗万象，满足各色人等的要求,但每个人解读报纸的方式却都大相径庭。下文同时也进ー步说明，每位读者看报纸时,只是出于自己的选择和阅读的先后喜好，将当天报纸上的页面进行重新分类和组合。因此，此处应填入same。19.efficiently从语法角度看，此处应填入ー个副词。其次,空格后的解释告诉我们:在阅读报纸时，我们应当在不浪费时间的前提下尽快获得我们想要的咨询，而又不至于漏过必要的信息。要做到一切,当然要求我们读报时讲求效率。因此，此处应填入efficiently。20.demands从语法角度可知，此处应填入ー个谓语动词。结合上文,我们可以发现本句主语应为readingnewspapersefficiently,故应选择第三人称单数的动词。因此，此处应选择demands,意为“读报的高效率不仅讲求技巧，也需要自主运用、修正这些阅读技巧的意识”。SectionBPassageOne

93解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文是ー篇与美国金融有关的文章,主要讲述了美国银行（BankofAmerica）如何由曾经的盛极ー时到现在的经营困难。文章第一自然段先综述了美国银行盛极而衰的窘境。第二自然段文章接着讲述了美国银行的劲敌花旗银行（Citibank）的发展势头。接ト来,文章在第三自然段分析了美国银行之所以滑坡的原因，在最后一自然段则讲述了美国银行目前カ图挽回颓势所做的努力和安排。第二步:理解问题、定位选项13.C题型判断:本题是细节题。原文定位:1）第二自然段:…Citibank,perennialrivaltotopbankinghonors.2）第一自然段:Thankstoaggressivegrowthpolicies....3）第二自然段：notablyBankofAmerica'sturfinCalifornia.分析：文中提到，花期银行是一直以来都是银行业的翘楚,因此A选项认为花旗银行是“银行业的黑马”,与原文相悖。B选项认为花旗银行采取了温和的发展策略，与原文提到的“激进的发展策略”不符。D选项在文中并未提及。而C选项由第二自然段最后一句可推断出,即花旗银行“使出浑身解数蚕食美国银行的市场“，故答案为C。22.C题型判断：本题是细节题，由题干句式whichof可知。原文定位：1）第一,自然段：...ithadmorebranchesinCalifornia....2）第二自然段：Basedinalargeand...competedwithconvenience.分析：由原文可知，美国银行之所以曾经繁荣的原因有三,即：1）鼎盛时期在加州的分行数超过了美国邮政;2）总部位于人口稠密的加州;3）经营环境井然有序。因此，A、B、D选项与原文意思相符。而C选项“比其他银行高的利率”则是由于银行业经营环境失序后，各银行恶性竞争的结果，同时也是美国银行之所以没落的原因。因此，美国银行繁荣的原因应该排除C选项。23.B题型判断：本题是语义题,山题干句式the...phrase…referto可知。原文定位:1）第一自然段:...ithadmorebranchesinCalifornia….2）第二自然段:Thebadtimes...goodtimesthebankenjoyedearlier.分析：前文指出，美国银行目前面临困境的原因也就是它过去成功的原因，而上一段表明它成功是由于庞大的分支机构来提供便利,因此这儿讲面临困难的原因时也应是指过多的分支机构。同时，根据题干中mammoth的原意“巨大的”，我们也可以推知，其影射的应为美国银行“庞大的”分行。故答案为Bo24.A题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干句式the...factor…seemstobe可知。原文定位:第四自然段：TheprogressivederegulationofbankingforcedBankofAmericatofightforitscustomersbyofferingthemcompetitiverates.分析：从原文可知，由于目前银行业管理无序，美国银行要与同行竞争，不得不祭出“存款高利率”这一法宝。因此，答案为A,至于B选项“资金流动性”，C选项’’良好声誉”，D选项“政府支持”可能也是因素之一，但在文章中并未重点提及。25.B题型判断：本题是推理题，由题干whichof...wecan'tdrawfrom...可知。

94原文定位:1）第一自然段:...morebranches...1,100一thantheU.S.PostalService.2）第一自然段:Butsince1980,...earningshavebeendownorflat.2）第~然段:...hasconfessedthathedoesn'texpectaturnaroundsoon.4）第四自然段:...themoralproblemsthatalreadythreatentheinstitution.分析:A选项认为“儿十年前,美国邮政在加州的分行少于1100家”,可在第一自然段找到出处。C选项认为“美国银行的前景不容乐观”,也可由第一自然段的最后一句话推知：“美国银行的总裁兼CEOSamuelH.Armacost承认,美国银行近期内难以咸鱼翻身”。D选项认为“道徳问题也是导致美国银行滑坡的因素之一”,在文章最后一自然段的末句可找到出处。至于B选项“美国银行自1980来以来一直亏损下滑”则与原文不符,原文认为“美国银行的盈利自1980年以来不是下滑便是持平”。因此,B选项是我们无法从文中推断得出的。故选Bo第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意通读全文,了解到该文章是涉及学习的话题。在学习上是否是有计划,有目标的学习。关于这一点,很多人都没有做到有条不紊的按计划完成繁重的学习和工作。同时文章也介绍了不同性情的人有着不同的动机、方式完成自己的任务。凡事都得踏踏实实地去做,不能只靠冲动和灵感。第二步：理解问题、定位选项26.A题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干单词study,problem可知。原文定位:第，自然段第•句:Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork.分析:原文中的commondifficulty就是题干中的widespreadproblem〇原文中的failuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork与选项A“没有做到有条不紊的按计划完成繁重的学习エ作”是同一意思。答案选A。B选项的意思是“从这ー科目换成另ー科目”。C选项的意思是“让固定的工作积压起来”。D选项的意思是“只有自己喜欢时才学习该科目”。这三个选项的意思都是某些学生没有按计划完成学习任务,正是得过且过的学习态度的具体表现。而不是最普遍的根本问题。因此应该排除。27.D题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干词Therearemanywho可知。原文定位:第三自然段:Therearemanywhoshyawayfromtheself-disciplineofaweeklytimetable....分析:选项D中的shrinkfrom意即shyawayfrom避开。D选项就是正确答案。A选项的意思是“讨厌被迫一周七天都学习”。B选项的意思是“容易受到惊吓而不习惯按周计划表学习”。C选项的意思是“拒绝整周努力的学习,仿佛受到军纪约束”。这三个选项的意思在文章中都未被提到过,是干扰项,应该排除。28.A题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干句式Theauthorstatesthat...可知。原文定位:第三自然段::Ithastobeconfessedthatwedonotfullyunderstandthecomplexitiesofthemotivationtowork.分析:原文中的complexities利motivation就是选项A中的complicated和drivingforce。A的意思是“驱使我们学习的动机是复杂而难以理解的"。答案是A。B选项的意思是“驱使我们学习的困难是巨大的”。C选项的意思是“催促人们学习而引发的复杂性”。D选项的意思是“一些人们急于学习的复杂原因”。这三项的意思都不是原文所表达的含义,应该排除。

9526.B题型判断:本题是细节题。山题干词workers,views可知。原文定位:第三自然段：...andthetough-mindedschoolofworkersusuallylookdownupontheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonespontaneously,undertheinfluenceofinspiration.分析：原文的意思是“意志坚强的人通常都藐视这种观点：优秀的业绩只是在灵感的驱动下自发而得的”。原文中的tough-minded意指题干中的strictviews；spontaneously意指B选项中的freefromexternalinfluence；inspiration意指B选项中的internalstimulus；undertheinfluenceof对应B选项中的promoted。换言之,B选项的内容只是原文意思的另ー种表述。B选项是正确答案。A选项的意思是“意志坚强的人坚信优秀的业绩是本能的自然产物”。C选项的意思是“意志坚强的人否认:在任何时候，不管灵感如何，优秀的业绩都能获得”。D选项的意思是“意志坚强的人否认:优秀的业绩是人的第二天性”。在ACD三个选项中C的干扰性最大,但C选项并不是原文中句子的贴切表述。27.C题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干中的over25yearsofage…可知。原文定位:第三自然段：Mostpeopleover25yearsofagehavebecomeconditionedtoaworkroutine....分析：C选项认为“大多数25岁以上的人已习惯于按惯常模式学习工作”，这正与原文句子的意思吻合,becomeconditionedtoSBPbecomeaccustomedto〇A选项的意思是“认识到学习工作的枯燥乏味”，这与原文意思不符合。B选项中的condition是对原文中condition的歪曲理解。D选项认为“被迫让自己适应惯常的学习方式”，这也与原文意思不符合。因此C选项是正确答案。第三步:（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意这是ー篇关于高科技行业里女性地位的文章。文章首先以全球儿家知名高科技公司的女性总裁为例，来说明女性在高科技行业中的地位日益凸现和重要。但文章接着告诉我们，全球500强中女性担任总裁的比例依然寥寥可数,而且都集中在高科技行业。接下来，文章分析了高科技行业为何不断涌现女性高层管理人员的原因，同时也对女性高层管理人员肩负的重担表示了同情。最后，文章对女总裁们的未来表达了乐观的期望。第二步:寻求答案、简练作答28.Theyarebothfemaleexecutivesinmajorcompanies.题干线索:MegWhitman；CarlyFiorina原文定位：第一•自然段：DoyouknowMegWhitman?...HowaboutCarlyFiorina?She'stheCEOofHewlett-Packard,oneoftheworld'slargestcomputermakers.分析作答：MegWhitman是eBay公司的CEO,而CarlyFiorina则是Hewlett-Packard（HP公司的全称）CEO。这两者又有另外一个共同点:都是女性。因此，答案的关键是“femaleexecutivesw和“majorcompanies29.Becauseofitsmoreliberalandacceptingclimate.题干线索:SiliconValley；thefirstground原文定位:第四自然段:ItfirstgainedgroundinCalifornia'sSiliconValley,arelativelyliberalclimate,andthereforemoreacceptingoffemaleexecutives.分析作答：女性单任总裁的现象之所以频频出现在高科技行业,而且又肇始于硅谷,其原因

96在于硅谷的风气相对开明,因此对女性单任总裁的现象容易接受。因此,我们只要抓住"liberalclimate"和"accepting”这两个关键点组织语言就能顺利作答。26.Familyandnetworkingconnections/old-boynetwork/familyorgolfingbuddies.题干线索:non-high-tech；promotions原文定位:第四自然段:Mostimportantly,thehigh-techindustry,becauseitisnew,...todeterminepromotions.Inotherwords,...notonfamilyorgolfingbuddies.分析作答:文章提到,高科技行业作为新兴产业,没有传统的“老同学关系网"(old-boynetwork)»也没有“家庭和人际关系网"(familyandnetworkingconnexions)和“高尔夫球伴关系"(golfingbuddies),个人的升迁完全取决于自身的努力和表现。因此,文章暗示在传统的非高科技行业中存在上诉的诸多关系网。故本题答案只要兼顾到上述关系网中的两个即可。27.Becausetheyoftenhavetobehavelikemen.题干线索:businesswomen；enemies原文定位:第五自然段:Inorderforthemtosucceedinbusiness,theyhaveoftenhadtobehavelikemen;thishasearnedthesetoughbusinesswomenalotofenemies.分析作答：本题考察学生对代词“this”所指代内容的把握。文中提到,由于从商的女性不得不经常表现出男性所有的魄カ和干劲,因此为自己树敌无数。28.Positiveattitude.题干线索:attitude；future原文定位:第五自然段:Butnowthattheglassceilinghasbeenbrokeninthehigh-techindustry,theskymaybethelimitforfemaleexecutives.分析作答：文章末尾,作者提到“既然高科技行业的玻璃天花板已经被打了个粉碎,对女性总裁们而言,也许只有天际オ是她们施展才能的边界”。由此可见,作者对女性总裁们的未来持有乐观积极的态度。第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏(略)ModelTestThree答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.N2.NG3.N4.Y5.N6.Y7.Y8.alloverthenorthernhemisphere9.believedtobenearextinction10.tolivefordolphinsPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15：DGANF16-20：IMKL〇SectionBPassageOne21-25：DACBBPassageTwo26-30：BADBCSectionC31.Sexuality,asexuality,andbisexuality.32.Becauseitisineffectualtogardenbythegardener'swilling.33.asexuality.34.Yes,thesizesofflowersaredifferentindifferentways.

9731.Itrangesbetween20and120yearsofthespecies答案详解PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步(略)第二步略读文章、把握大意快速浏览可知,本文论述了濒临灭绝的海豚与鲸鱼的问题。文章分别讲述了白暨豚(Baiji),蓝鲸(BlueWhale)»宽吻海豚(BottlenoseDolphin),恒河豚(GangesRiverDolphin),鼠海豚(Harborporpoise)»北鲸豚(NorthernReghtWhale)等江河海洋的海豚与鲸的特点,它们赖以生存的环境变化。这些变化日趋恶劣,影响着它们的生存和繁衍,有的种群已经濒临灭绝。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干・线索:article;isconcerning;allspecies原文定位:标题EndangeredDolphinsandWhales辨析:从标题可知本文讨论的是濒临灭绝的海豚与鲸鱼的问题,并非所有面临绝种动物的生存环境问题,与题目意思不合,所以选择答案N。2.NG题干线索:Baiji；conservation原文定位:BaijiorYangtzeRiverDolphin部分,第二自然段:TogetherwiththeGiantPanda,theBaijiisthefocusofwidelysupportedconservationprogramsinChina.Mostattentionisnowfocusedonthereductionofunnaturalmortality.辨析:首先判断关键词Baiji(白暨豚),原文提到了对白暨豚的保护,其措施是减少非自然死亡。而题目的意思是专家们通过建立一种自然的或半自然的生活环境来保护白暨豚。这是文章里没有涉及到的,所以选择答案NG。3.N题干线索:bluewhale；Between1924and1971原文定位:BlueWhale部分，第一自然段:Between1924and1971,atleast230,000bluewhalehavebeencaught.Asaresult,thepopulationsofthisspeciesdeclinedrapidly.辨析:蓝鲸数目的下降是由于人工的大量捕杀所致:havebeencaught,并非栖息遭遇改变导致的:buildingofdamsandirrigationworks»所以选择答案N。4.Y题干线索:bottlenosedolphins；theEasternTropicalPacificOcean原文定位:BottlenoseDolphin部分,第二自然段:...theEasternTropicalPacificOcean,bottlenosedolphinsgetentangledinfishinggear(approximately4-500peryear).辨析:arekilledinfishinggear=getentangledinfishinggear,原文在太平洋东部热带海域每年有4,000多头宽吻海豚被渔具缠绕而死,与题目内容相当。所以选择答案丫。5.N题干线索:Gangesriverdolphins；recentlyestimated原文定位:GangesRiverDolphin部分,第二自然段:In1982,thetotalpopulationofGangesriverdolphinswasestimatedtobe4,000-5,000animals.Therearenorecentestimatesavailable.

98辨析：原文指出,在1982年,人们估计大约有4,000到5,000条恒河海豚,而现在已经难以给出确切的数字了:norecentestimatesavailable»题H表述的内容是据报道估计目前大约还有4,000到5,000条恒河海豚：isrecentlyestimatedtobe4,000-5,000animals,所以选择答案No1.Y题十线索:harborporpoise；harmfulsubstances；pollution原文定位:HarborPorpoise部分,第二自然段：…，specificallywithDTTandPCBs.Pollutionhadaffectedtheharborporpoises*reproductivesystem.辨析:Thedischargeofharmfulsubstances指的就是原文中他提到的DTTandPCBs,所以选择答案丫。2.Y题干线索:dolphinspecies；fivespecies原文定位:RiverDolphins部分,第一自然段:Mostdolphinspeciesliveinthesea....therearefivespeciesofriverdolphins:辨析：该题目综合了全段内容,尽管大多数海豚生活在大海,但仍然有五类海豚基本上生活在江河的淡水里,所以选择答案丫。3.alloverthenorthernhemisphere题干・线索:Porpoise；temperate原文定位:HarborPorpoise部分,第一自然段:Thissmallporpoise(1.4-1.9m)canbefoundintemperatecoastalwatersalloverthenorthernhemisphere.辨析:chunkyaquaticmammals=smallporpoise,题目内容是:鼠海豚属于一种水生哺乳动物，它的体形较小,在北半球的温带海岸水域可以发现。理解了题目内容,答案不难发现。4.believedtobenearextinction题干线索:TheNorthAtlantic；TheNorthPacific原文定位:NorthernRightWhale部分,第二自然段:TheNorthAtlantic...currentlynumbersinthelowhundreds.TheNorthPacificpopulation...andisbelievedtobenearextinction.辨析:本题综合了该段最后两句话的内容,理解了关键信息:inthelowhundreds=lessthan100,问题就迎刃而解了。5.tolivefordolphins题干线索:riverdolphins；difficultplaces原文定位:RiverDolphins部分,第二自然段:Theriversareoftendifficultplacestolivefordolphins...itisnotsurprisingthattheriverdolphinsareamongthemostendangereddolphinspecies.辨析:本题改写了该段内容,将最后•句的句型itisnotsurprisingthat…改为以Thereisnowonderthat…开头的句子,但内容本质内容没有变化。读懂了题目,原文的答案是显而易见的。第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路:第一步:文章大意海市蜃楼是ー种可以创造出水和远处物体的倒影的光学现象，是冷热相间的几层空气导致的光线扭曲而产生的结果。本文引用了科学家的这ー研究成果,并介绍了这ー自然界大奇观，在第一次世界大战的土耳其与英军作战时，产生过决定性的影响。按照推理，该战役土耳其应获胜的，只因前哨阵地报告英军增援部队已逼近，土耳其匆匆撤退，导致其不战而败。第二步:词性分析名词:air空气mirage海市蜃楼!aw定律、规律reality真实、现实reinforcements

99（pl）增援部队island岛屿动词:diminishes（使）减少、（使）变小（第三人称动词形式）advancing提前、前进、推进（现在分词）nullifies使无价值、抵消、使无意义（第三人称动词形式）vanish消失形容词:waterless无水的,illusory幻影的、错觉的insubstantial无实质色、脆弱的副词:however然而、可是positively断然地、肯定地第三步:综合分析1.air该题应选名词，该句的意思是冷热相间的几层空气导致的光线扭曲。2.mirage根据前后文可知,该句继续讨论“海市蜃楼”的形成过程，mirage是连接前后文的关键词。3.however从语法的角度分析，该选项应该是ー个表转折的插入语。4.vanish该题应选ー个谓语动词，vanishintothinairfromsight意为"消失不见”，从常识和前后文可以看出此句的意思是’’当人走进使这种幻觉就消失不见了’’,所以vanish是最佳选项。5.nullifles该题应选ー个第三人称单数的谓语动词。nullify表示对效能、能量、用途、价值、结论或意义的废弃或推翻。从前后文可以看出此句的意思是“因为该现象是最基本的物理法则失去意义’’,所以是最佳选项。6.law该题应选名词作为句子的主语。该句继续讨论"物理法则”的内容，而!aw是连接前后文的关键词。7.island该题仍然应该选名词,而且是ー个以元音开头的名词。8.positively该题应选ー个副词作为动词verified的修饰语,从上下文可知,该句意思是“此事件还未被完全核实"，所以positively是最佳选项。9.reinforcements该句缺少名词作reported的宾语。该句意思可解释为“前哨阵地报告英军增援部队已逼近”,所以是最佳选项。10.reality该题应选名词，inreality的意思为“事实上,实际上“。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意用3分钟左右的时间通读全文,了解到整篇文章出现了两个黑题词Self・awareness（自我意识）MoodManagement（情绪控制）,还出现了斜体单词emofレ〃〃，而ル〃ige/ice（情绪智力）,它们是文章的关键词。人物主要有心理学家（psychologists）、神经病学家（neurologist）＞研究人员（researchers）;文章用数字表明情商在个人发展过程中的重要作用,以及怎样发展情商的各种方法。第二步:理解问题、定位选项11.D题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干单词what可知。原文定位:第三自然段:Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.分析:原文的意思是“个体深层的内在情绪发生往往不被主体所意识到"。答案选D。A选项的意思是“是与生俱来的情绪”。B选项的意思是“明智的人才能感受到”。C选项的意思是“是恐惧与焦虑的情感”。这三个选项的意思在文章中都没有被提到过,是干扰项,应该排除。

1001.A题型判断:本题是语义理解题。由题干句式Theword...isclosestinmeaningto可知。原文定位:第四自然段:Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.分析:原文的意思是“良好的情绪与欠佳的心情都将对身体健康和性格形成产生影响”。A选项是正确答案,其意思为“增加风趣、带来影响”。而其余选项均是对原文的歪曲解释,应该排除。B选项认为“延长,（使）变长”,与原文意思相反。C选项认为“使……变得无聊”,观点与原文意思不符。D选项认为“使……成为现实”,也不符合题意。2.C题型判断:本题是推理题。由题千句式theauthorseemstosuggest...可知。原文定位:第五自然段:Weoftenhavelittlecontroloverwhenwearesweptbyemotion.Butwecanhavesomesayinhowlongthatemotionwilllast.分析:原文的意思是“当（强烈的）情绪肆虐时,人们很少能够控制它,但我们可以预测这种情绪持续的时间”。答案是C“我们可以确定情绪持续的时间”，A选项“我们可以控制某种情绪的发生”与文中的意思相反。B选项“我们往往不清楚自己的情绪感受”,文中没有提及。D选项“缺少情绪控制的措施”,与文中的意思相反。3.B题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干句式...“reframing”inparagraphSixis可知。原文定位:第六自然段:Amoreeffectivetechniqueis"reframing*',whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.分析：原文的意思是“更有效的方法是重新构建一种积极和谐的氛围”。正确的选项是B,“采取ー种积极的态度”,而其余选项都是干扰项。A选项认为“遗忘不愉快的事情”，C选项是“适当地自我保护”，D选项是“避免发生交通道路事故”。4.B题型判断:本题是主旨大意题。由题干句式Whatisthebesttitle...?可知。原文定位:1）第一自然段:・・・twoofthemajorqualities...emotionalintelligence2）第二、三自然段:Self-awareness.3）第四、五、六自然段:MoodManagement.分析:A选项认为“什么是情感智力”,是对文章的部分的理解。C选项“派遣不良情绪的策略”,是对文章第四自然段的理解。D选项“怎样控制内在情绪”是对文章第三自然段的理解。B选项认为“怎样发展情感智力,即情感（控制）能力”，符合文章意思。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意用3分钟左右的时间通读全文,了解到整篇文章出现频率较高的词是woman,executives,companies,programs等意义的词。从此不难看出全文大意，即女性和少数民族出身的管理人员在进ー步自然晋升，获得参加管理人员发展项目的学习机会很少，其主要原因是公司不愿花钱培养高职务的主管人员,因为大多数公司现任主管害怕刚被提拔的竞争对手争夺他们的职位，尤其是女性竞争对手。第二步：理解问题、定位选项5.B题型判断：本题是细节题。

101原文定位:第・自然段:Selectiontoparticipateinatop-flightexecutive-educationprogramisanimportantrungontheladdertotopcorporatejobs.分析:原文的意思是“被挑选参加管理人员发展项目的学习对于需要晋升职务的人来说是非常重要的”,答案选B“进ー步提拔”与原文意思相近。B、C,D三个选项的内容文中未被提及,是干扰项,应该排除。1.A题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干Theauthorstatesthat…可知。原文定位:第一自然段:...onesurveyofexecutiveeducationfoundthatlessthan5%ofthemanagerssenttothesehigh-profileprogramsarewomen,andminoritiesareterriblyunderrepresentedaswell.分析:原文的意思是“ー项关于经理主管培训的调查发现高职主管培养项目中女性不到培训人员的5%,少数民族出身的代表名额更是不足”。A选项是正确答案，即’‘管理人员发展项目”。B选项为“高等教育”：C选项认为“工商管理学院”；D选项认为“美国的公司”，由此可见B、C、D三个选项的内容文中未被提及。2.D题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干疑问词Why...可知。原文定位:第三自然段:AHarvardBusinessSchooldeansurmisesthatcompaniesarefearfulofsendingtheirfemaleexecutivesbecausetheydon'twanttolosethemtocompetitors.分析：原文的意思是“哈佛大学工商管理学院的院长认为公司害怕女性经理深造的原因是公司原公司主管担心在他们的竞争者面前失败”。A选项“女性经理很快就要退休了”,文中没有提及。B选项是“女性经理会使男经理使相形见细”，不符合文中的意思。C选项“女性经理会变得难以驾驭”文中没有提及。D选项“女性经理会接替竞争对手的职务”，相比之下，答案是D最接近原文意思的。3.B题型判断:本题是事实细节题。由题干句式Therealreason…is可知。原文定位:第四自然段:Thereisonlyonerealexplanation,...Manybigcorporationssimplyaren'tcommittedtohelpingwomenandminoritiestotheexecutivesuite.分析:原文的意思是“只有一个真正的解释,那就是在帮助女性和少数民族经理主管人员晋升方面,许多大公司不愿意有所作为”。B选项是正确的,即许多大公司不愿意帮助女性竞争对手成为经理主管人员。A和C选项都将责任推到女性自身的能力和好恶上,D选项的托词是“公司没有足够的钱来提升女性经理”,所以选项A、B、C都不符合题意。4.C题型判断:本题是观点态度题。由题干Whatattitudedoestheauthortake…可知。原文定位:5.一自然段:.・.lessthan5%ofthemanagerssenttothesehigh-profileprogramsarewomen....terriblyunderrepresentedaswell.2）第一自然段:Companiesaremakingonlyatokeninvestmentin...3）第二目然段:...deansurmisesthatcompaniesarefearfulof...4）第四自然段:...itisadamningone:Manybigcorporationssimplyaren'tcommittedtohelpingwomenandminorities....分析:C选项认为“作者对公司的做法持批评的态度”而A（同情）、B（献媚）、D（冷淡）三个选项均曲解了作者的态度。第三步:（略）

102SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意快速通读全文,可以看出这是ー篇关于植物无性系繁殖和双性繁殖的科普文章。同时也对整篇文章的结构有一个整体的把握:第一段总述了植物繁殖的多种方式。第二段说的是蕨菜和蒲公英属于无性系繁殖的产物。第三、四段提到了植物的双性繁殖以紫罗兰和竹子为例。第二步：寻求答案、简练作答31.Sexuality,asexuality,andbisexuality.题干线索:spreadthemselves原文定位:第一自然段:Matingwiththeoppositesexisnottheonlywaytospreadyourselfaround....There'salwaysasexualityorbisexualityoranumberofthingsinbetween.分析作答:从题目要求可以判断该题是对全文进行总体概括。原文意思是植物总是通过有性繁殖、无性繁殖或者双性繁殖。组织语言时应该用相同词性的名词作答。32.Becauseitisineffectualtogardenbythegardener'swilling.题干线索:frustratedgardeners原文定位:第二自然段:Andiftheplantisdamaged,eachrootfragmentcanbecomeanentirenewplant-asfrustratedgardenersknow.分析作答:题干要求回答为何作者要用frustratedgardeners,其实是要求考生解释frustratedgardeners在文章中的真实意思。根据前后文判断,园丁想按照自己的意愿培育该植物是ー种徒劳。回答时用Because开头,可以用itisineffectual.../itisinvalid.../itnullifies....togrow/totenttheplantbythegardener'swilling,但注意单词数不可超过十个。33.asexuality题干线索:dandelion'soffspring；clones;原文定位:第二自然段:…dandelionmakesuseofseeds,itisentirelyasexual....allthedandelion*soffspring,likethewalkingfern's,areclonesoftheparent.分析作答：题干要求用恰当的单词或短语完成一句话。第二段说的是蕨菜和蒲公英属于无性系繁殖的产物,综合起来用一个关键词就可以回答:asexuality或者clone。34.Yes.Thesizesofflowersaredifferentindifferentways.题干线索:violet；pollinated；self-pollinate原文定位:第三自然段:Thevioletpresentsitslargeflowerstoinsectsforpollination,butitalsohassmallerflowers....Theseareforcedtoself-pollinate.分析作答：原文指出紫罗兰开花的大小与其授粉的方式有关,通过昆虫传粉开的花大,而自花授精开的花小。题干是由两个问题组成,前者是・般疑问句,用Yes,或No回答,后者是特殊疑问句,用ー个完整的句子回答,除参考答案外,还可用"Thesizesofflowersvaryfromdifferentpollinatingagenf,回答。35.Itrangesbetween20and120yearsofthespecies.题干线索:bamboo；gloriousflower原文定位:第四自然段:Atintervalsofbetween20to120years,dependingonthespecies,alltheplantsburstintogloriousflowerthroughouttheworld.分析作答：题干问题是全世界的竹子开花周期是多少年。原文意思是由于竹子种类不同,开花周期是20至リ120年不等。因此我们组织的语言应该用vary,range,differ之类的词来表达。第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏（略）

103ModelTestFour答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.N2.NG3.N4.Y5.Y6.NG7.Y8.over333,0009.self-conscious10.workouttheemotionalproblemsPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15:JAKHM16-20:IDCFESectionBPassageOne21-25:DACDBPassageTwo26-30:BDDDCSectionC31.whodon'tknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.32.Amanwhoseconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.33.Todecidewhethertobeaspecialistorgeneralist.34.apersonwhosejobisdealingwithpeople.35.Differencebetweenspecialistsandgeneralists.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）解题思路第一步（略）第二步略读文章、把握大意原文从四个方面（即:什么是整形外科;为什么青少年要进行整形手术;整形手术是否正确;进行整形手术应该考虑的因素）对整形手术进行了全方位的介绍。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干线索:reconstructive;suchas原文定位:Whatisplasticsurgery部分:Reconstructiveprocedures...likecleftlips（兔唇）...eardeformities（畸形），traumatic（损伤性的）injuries...Cosmetic（alsocalledaesthetic）proceduresalter...include....辨析：原文告诉了我们“复原性整形”和“装饰性整形”的区别。题干中的“去脂”（removingfat）不是“复原整形”的范畴,而是“装饰性整形”的范畴,故本题说法不正确。2.NG题干线索:comparedwith原文定位:Whatisplasticsurgery部分:Reconstructiveprocedures...likecleftlips（兔唇）…eardeformities（畸形），traumatic（损伤性的）injuries...Cosmetic（alsocalledaesthetic）proceduresalter...include....辨析:本题是考查对“复原性整形”和“装饰性整形”区别的整体把握。原文告诉我们“复原性整形”是将身体上的缺陷进行弥补,“装饰性整形”是要改变不满意的身体部分。两种整形的出发点是不一样的,但是并没有涉及哪个对身体的影响较大。故本题可判为NG。3.N题干线索:teens;because原文定位:Whydoteensgetplasticsurgery部分:Teensviewplasticsurgeryasawaytofitinandlook

104acceptabletofriendsandpeers.辨析：原文告诉我们青年人进行外科整形的原因主要是希望能被同伴和朋友接受,并和他们相处融洽。题干中conspicuous的意思是“炫耀的,引人注目的”,与原文叙述有差异,故判定为N。1.Y题干线索:mature原文疋似:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Most...surgeonsspend...interviewingteens...goodcandidates...knowthatteensareemotionallymature....辨析:原文告诉我们大多数的整形医生都要花很多时间来和青少年面谈,决定他们是否适合做整形,是否足够成熟来解决整形带来的麻烦,并且具有充足的理由来进行手术。题干和原文叙述一致,故判定为丫。题干线索:mentalproblem原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Manydoctorswon'tperform...whoaredepressed...mentalhealthproblemsuntil...treatedfirst.辨析:原文告诉我们病人的情绪对整形的效果有影响。医生首先要确保病人情绪不低落并且没有其他的身心疾病才能进行整形手术。题T・的叙述和原文的内容完全一致,故判定为丫。6.NG题干线索:illegal原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Aswitheverything,therearerightandwrongreasonstohavesurgery.辨析：原文告诉我们和其他事物・样,人们对整形的看法正反参半,但只字未提是否合法。文章其他部分也没有提到过,故题干判定为NG。7.Y题干线索:approval原文定位:What'sinvolved部分:If...,talkitoverwithyourparents....yourparentsagree,...辨析:原文告诉我们在进行整形前,最好能和父母商量一下,获得父母的同意后,再去会见整形医生了解整形的全部过程和情况。题干的描述和文章的说法一致,判定为丫。8.over333,000题干线索:thenumber原文定位:Whydoteensgetplasticsurgery部分:Accordingto...,over333,000...in2005,...about306,000in2000.辨析:原文告诉我们根据ASPS的调查,18周岁及以下的青少年在2005年有超过333,000的人进行过整形手术,2000年オ306,000人。本题是考查学生从文章中快速寻找、定位答案的能力,答案是over333,00〇。9.self-conscious题干线索:wish原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Almostallteens...self-consciousabouttheirbodies...wishes...couldbechanged.辨析:题干是对文章原句的综合。原文告诉我们几乎所有的青少年,包括一些成年人,对自己的身体都有自我了解,都希望能有所改善。题干后面部分空缺处应该填入self-conscious.10.workouttheemotionalproblems题干线索:trainedtherapists原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:People...depressed...self-critical,or...think...solvetheirproblems....itwon*t.Workingouttheemotionalproblem...atrainedtherapistisabetterbet.In

105fact,....辨析:原文告诉我们有的人想通过改变自己的面貌来解决他们的沮丧、极端自律、自我看法扭曲等心理问题。这都是空想。医生在进行整形手术前都会确保病人情绪稳定,没有身心问题。由此可以推断出,治疗心理问题是进行整形手术的首要任务。答案是workingouttheemotionalproblem〇第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意本文是ー篇科普类型文章。文章出现频率最高的ー个英文单词是teaspoons,文章就是围绕“茶匙”这个主题展开。文章讲到了一批科学家对70个茶匙在五个月里的走向进行了调查,发现80%的茶匙在这段时间里面消失了。科学家为这样的现象命名叫“抵抗主义”，即:无生命物品对人类的抵抗。第二步:词性分析名词:research研究aversion厌恶、反感tip告诫、提示、指点facility设备、设施、办公场所field原野、旷野、战场动词:research研究purchased购买vanished消失tracked跟踪、追踪proposed提议、建议形容词:essentia!主要的elementary基本的、初级的estimated估计communal公共的、公用的副词:secretly秘密地personally亲自第三步:综合分析6.facility第一个空缺前面是形容词“自己的”，空缺中缺少ー个名词。文章中开头讲到“澳大利亚科学家证明了一个大多数人都知道的常识:茶匙似乎的确有自己的思维。ー群在墨尔本市研究所里的专家就在自己的…做了一个研究。”根据名词备选项的意思，单词facility意思更贴近。文章后面的单词office也印证了此处应该填“办公场所”。7.secretly第二个空缺前面是ー个名词短语，后面numbered是ー个动词，因此本空最大的可能是缺少ー个副词修饰动词。在被选的两个动词里面，secretly意思更贴切。给茶匙编号是研究的ー个部分,做科学研究如果把过程都事先告诉了公众,试验的结果就会失真。因此，好的调查都是通过非常间接的方式来了解关注的问题。8.tracked第三个空缺前面是连词and,后面是名词movements,空缺里面缺的是ー个和前面成分numbered并列的ー个动词。在被选的动词类里面,tracked的意思最贴切，意为“追踪它们在此后五个月里的动向”。9.vanished第四个空缺ー个动词。在剩ド的四个被选动词里面，只有vanished意思最贴切。原句的意思是“80%的茶匙在那段时间消失了”。10.communal第五个空缺,前面是个介词,后面是个名词,显然这里缺少的是ー个形容词。在四个备选项里面找寻,然后根据上下文意思来看、这句话的意思是“在私人场所的茶匙持续的时间是在…场所的茶匙持续时间的两倍。”这个ー个比较级，把形容词都带入句子里面看，communal的意思最适合。11.estimated第六个空缺后面是个名词，因此这里缺少的是ー个形容词。在剩下的三个形容词里面筛选。estimated是最适合的。意思是“估计250把茶匙…”。12.purchased根据上下文的意思“估计250把茶匙每年需要被…来保持有70把是能用的。”在剩余的三个动词里面选择，purchased意思最贴切。13.essential根据第ハ个空的左右两个单词判断这里缺少ー个形容词。“他们说他们的研

106究证明茶匙是办公室生活…的一部分”。剩下的两个形容词,只有essential的意思最适合。6.tip判断不定冠词a后面应该跟•个名词。在剩下的四个名词里面选择。原句的意思是“从《银河系漫游指南》书上得到…他们指出这些茶匙可能是悄悄地移居到了另ー个只有‘匙类’生命形式的行星，在那里过着天堂般的匙类生活。”答案应该是tip,意为“启发,提议”。7.aversion第十个空前面是ー个形容词，形容词后面应该跟•个名词。原句的意思是“他们为这种现象提供的另ー种解释则是‘抵抗主义’，意思是象茶匙这样的没有生命的物品具有对人类自然的…"剩下的单词有research,aversion,field〇把这儿个意思都带入句子意思排除。如果不知道aversion的意思,也能通过排除其他两个选项找到答案。答案为aversion〇第四步(略)SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文属于科技类文章,其中生词比较多,主要有globularcluster,sphericalhalo,galacticnucleus,elliptical和protogalaxy等，但这些词本身并不影响文章理解。另外文章属于新旧观点比较型，条理清晰，主要说一种银河系形成的新理论可能带来的影响。第二步:理解问题、定位选项8.D题型判断：本题是主旨题。由题干primarily可知。原文定位:全文。分析:文章在第一句说现阶段对银河系中星团的观测没有发现对于传统银河系形成更好的理论。紧接着在第二段就说明这个传统的理论，然后第三段说明现在最新的发现,最后一段说明了这些新的发现对于形成新的银河系理论有什么影响。A项错误,虽然文章讨论星云和银河系年纪的问题,但这不是文章的目的。B和C项谈到的内容整篇文章都没有涉及到。9.A题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位:第二自然段:Theconventionaltheory....分析:在第二段开始说银河系是在相对比较短的时间里面形成的,大概是2亿年时间。而在最后一段第二句话里面提到，按照Larson的理论，银河系的光环(haloofthemilkyway)是几十亿年或者更长的时间里形成的。C项是错误的，因为这个选项是建立在星云年龄的大小对于决定银河系是如何形成的有决定意义这个假设上的。文章也没有说传统理论关于光环原始形状的问题同时也没有提及银河系大小问题,所以D项和B项错误。10.C题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位:第三自然段:Oneoftheclustersstudied....分析：文中第三段中间Bolte指出有・个星团比其他星团要早20亿年的时间。他的同事认为在银河系里Palomarl2要比其他星团晚50亿年时间。如果二者说法都正确，那么Palomar12这个星团肯定要比Bolte说的那个星团晩70亿年。Bolte和他的同事的说法中没有A选项,也无法推出B和D选项。11.D题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干suggests可知。原文定位:第四自然段:...thehalooftheMilkyWay...driftedabout,collided,lostorbitalenergy,andfinallycollapsedintoacentrallycondensedellipticalsystem分析:第四段中，Larson这个科学家的理论是许多气云(gascloud)经过漂移，碰撞，失去了轨道能量，最后终于形成了一个中心致密的椭圆系统。Toomre的计算机模型证明了这ー个

107过程。所以说为Larson的理论提供了实际理论支持。其它选项文中都没提及。6.B题型判断:本题是推理题。由题干表述可知。原文定位:第四自然段:…”renegade"theories.Onesuchnewlyfashionabletheory,firstputforwardbyRichardLarsonintheearly1970's分析:要想说明一个理论是“造反”（renegade）就必须说明他确实与众不同。但是作者在说这个理论的时候却用了一个引号,说这个词是用来形容newlyfashionable的理论。随后说这样的理论在上世纪70年代第一次提出,所以我们可以知道这样的理论已经不再像它当时被提出的时候那样新颖了。文章没有提及其他选项的说法。第三步（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意这是ー篇商业类文章,主要讲的是美国的贸易法律对于本应受到美国法律保护的美国企业却因为在其它国家开设了分公司,所以产品在进ロ到美国时却受到外国设在美国的公司的起诉，包括倾销、政府资助等。第二步:理解问题、定位选项7.B题型判断：本题是主旨题。由题干chiefly可知。原文定位:全文。分析:文章第一句话讲到许多美国企业把寻找进口竞争保护当作当务之急。在第二自然段开始作者解释进口援助实际上已经损害了很多公司的利益,第三段讨论ー种美国公司被美国法律损害利益的特殊情况。所以我们可以推断作者主要想说明警告・些法律中存在的条款带来的负面影响。8.D题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位:第一自然段:...thesimpleclaimthatanindustryhasbeeninjuredbyimportsissufficientgroundstoseekrelief分析:作者在第一段讨论了一些关于ITC的投诉,其中虽然提到了A选项和C选项的内容,但同时我们发现第一段的最后一句说ー个简单的申明就足可以向政府寻求保护，其中“simple"和"sufficient”就是题干所说的“minimalbasis”,也就是D项所说的。B项说法文中没有提及。9.D题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干performs可知。原文定位:1）第三自然段:...foreigncompanieswilluseimportrelieflawsagainsttheverycompaniesthelawsweredesignedtoprotect.2）第四自然段:Perhapsthemostbrazencaseoccurredwhen...分析:本文最后一自然段讨论了一个实际的例子，第一句话说这是ー个最厚颜无耻的、最奇怪的例子。这个例子是用来说明在上一・段中所提到的“foreigncompanies...designedtoprotect"〇所以A、B、C选项所提到的说法都是错误的。10.D题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干whichof可知。原文定位:第二自然段:Internationalizationincreasesthedangerthat...designedtoprotect.分析:在文中第三自然段中间位置又提到“…foreigncompanieswilluseimportrelieflawsagainsttheverycompaniesthelawsweredesignedtoprotect.."这就是题干中所说的“dangers",

108其它选项的说法作者都没有提到。6.C题型判断:本题是推理题。由题干whichof…tobetrue可知。原文定位:第二自然段:...unlikelythatasystemofimportrelieflawswill...thesameparentcompany.分析:在文中第二自然段作者警告说“unlikelythatasystemofimportrelieflawswillmeetthestrategicneedsofalltheunitsunderthesameparentcompany”所以我们可以推断美国的贸易法不能照顾到每一家企业,既C项所说。文章没有说美国的贸易法要消除倾销,如A项所说。B和D项的说法文中也没有说明。SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意许多工作注重专业化,但是对多面手的需求也在上升。本文讲述了专业人才与多面手的不同作用。在文章最后还指出在培训的时候,人们应该学会判断自己适合哪种工作。第二步：寻求答案、简练作答7.whodon'tknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.题干线索:capable;field原文定位:1）第一自然段Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeinagreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.2）第一自然段:Thereisinotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments,wecancallthesepeople“generalists”.分析作答:由这两句可知能看见森林而不仅仅是树木的是指那些有多方面才能的人,而不是专、也人才。本句属于细节题,组织语言时应该用ー个定语从句作答。8.Amanwhoseconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.题干线索:onefield;trained原文定位:第二自然段:Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa“trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.分析作答:由以上两句话可知,专门人才是指在某•领域掌握特殊技术和工具的人。问题用what提问,我们组织的语言应该是ー个名词性短语。9.Todecidewhethertobeaspecialistorgeneralist.题干线索:fit;accordingly原文定位:第二自然段:Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.分析作答:由这句话可知,在培训期间应该努力判断自己适合哪种类型工作,然后规划自己的职业。所以我们应该回答两种类型职业的答案。10.apersonwhosejobisdealingwithpeople.题干线索:generalist;administrator原文定位:第二自然段:Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator一dealswithpeoplewhoseconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.分析作答:由以上这句话可以知道,管理人员或行政人员指的是进行管理和领导工作的人。在组织语言答题时应该用ー个短语作表语。

1096.Differencebetweenspecialistsandgeneralists.题干线索:specialists；generalists原文定位:应从整体文章了解主旨大意。分析作答:归纳全文可知,文章主要讨论了专业人员和多面手的不同之处以及他们的不同作用。第三步（略）ModelTestFivePartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.Y2.N3.Y4.NG5.Y6.Y7.Y8.fame,wealth,orpublicimage9.achievingpersonalgrowthorbuildingbetterrelationshipswithfriendsorfamily10.intrinsicPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15:CBJMO16-20:NLAHFSectionBPassageOne21-25:ACDACPassageTwo26-30:DCACBSectionC31.Becauseitallowssalesmessageadaptedtodifferentcustomers.32.Whenadetailedinformationoftheproductisrequired33.Becauseitcanvaryfromonepersontothousands.34.toclosethesaleandgettheorderform.35.topromotethesalesoftheproducts.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步（略）第二步略读文章、把握大意本文一开始指出现代人追名逐利的现象,然后从四个方面分析了这种现象:出名的便捷途径、名人泛滥的社会、名人热、幸福与目标。作者最后揭示了名利不可能带来幸福,只有追求内在的成长以及和谐的人际关系才能带来幸福。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.V题干线索:fame原文定位:第三自然段:TheCorporationforPublicBroadcastingfoundthat...qualitiesoftenseenasroutestofame一alsorankedhigh.辨析:美国青少年最渴望的是财富,其次是出名,然后是美貌和唱歌的才能。这与题目是ー致的,因此本题说法正确。

1101.N题干线索:famous原文定位:第四自然段:Sowhydosomanyofusstillwanttobefamous?辨析:第四段最后一句话与题目表述直接矛盾。2.V题干线索:15minutes原文定位:AndyWarhol...predictedthat...wouldbefamousfor15minutes（隶属ReachingforFame层面）。辨析:由第一个小标题“Reachingforfame”之下的内容“Arewe...andyoumightbeconvinced",我们可知,通过看电视就可以知道我们离Warhol所说的那个将来很近。3.NG题干线索:TV;Websites;recordingandfilmequipment原文定仪:ThoughTV...recordingandfilmequipmentofpublishingsoftware...andmanypeoplehavetheirownwebsites（隶属ReachingforFame层面）。辨析：由第一个小标题“ReachingforFame”之下内容可知,作者提到电视、互联网和音像制作技术,但是没有提到收音机这个信息。4.Y题干线索:Web;post原文定位:FameseekerscanusetheWebtopostafavoritemugshot,afilmclip,ortheirband'stouringschedule.（隶属ReachingforFame层面）辨析:由“Fameseekers...touringschedule.”可知网络宣传成本低,但受益大众却成千上万。这与题目一致。5.Y题干线索:magazine;cover原文定位:Theracksarefullofmagazines...threeoutoffourmagazinesfeatureacelebrityonthecover...M（隶属AStar-StruckSociety层面）辨析:"threeoutoffourmagazinesfeatureacelebrityonthecover”说明美国大部分杂志用明星作为封面,与题目意思一致。6.Y题干线索：never;tire;celebrities原文定位:第三个小标题“ChangingPriorities?”下的内容。辨析:由第三个小标题下的内容可以推理出,有关名人的任何报道都会吸引人们的眼球。7.fame,wealth,orpublicimage题干线索:extrinsicgoals原文定位:第四个小标题“GoalsandH叩piness”下第二段的内容。辨析:"Recentpsychologicalstudiesshowthat...beingthanotherpeopledo.”可以找至リ答案。8.achievingpersonalgrowthorbuildingbetterrelationshipswithfriendsorfamily题干线索:extrinsicgoals,intrinsicgoal原文定位:第四个小标题“GoalsandHappiness”下第二段和第三段的内容。辨析:"Extrinsicgoalsareonlyreallyaccomplished...achievingfameorwealth,”和“Anintrinsicgoalis...tobuildbetterrelationshipswithfriendsorfamilyhavesetintrinsicgoals.”两句话中可找到答案。9.intrinsic题下线索:happy;well-being

111原文定位:第四个小标题“GoalsandHappiness”下第三段。辨析:"Peoplewhosetoutto...havesetintrinsicgoals.Studiesshowthat...asenseofwell-being"两句话中可找到答案。第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意科学家们在调查后发现,政客们经常说谎。ー个科学家得出的结论是说谎是现代民主政治中的ー个帀要组成部分,他要求政客们正视这个问题。同时他还发现在某些情况下选民是希望甚至要求被骗,并且政客撒谎也是正当的。但是造成政治谎言的原因是公众越来越多地去探究政府不想说的事情,公众和媒体问的问题越少,政客们的谎言就会越少。第二步:词性分析名词:politics政治,政治学:政见journalists新闻记者［复数］affairs事物;事件［复数］mechanism机械装置;机制；办法risk危险,风险；引起危险的事物或人动词:require需要;要求,规定representing作为的代表;表示表现［现在分词］probing探索,调查；探测［现在分词］deceive欺骗,蒙蔽risk冒险形容词:miserable痛苦的，可怜的;令人难受的intermediate中间的;中级的truthful诚实的;真实的副词:famously著名地faithfully忠诚地;如实地；确切地entirely全部第三步:综合分析1.politics山前面的partof可知此处为名词。根据上文提到的内容及political,politician,democracy等词,可以推断空格处最合适的词是politiesc2.require根据本句中的expect及even等词可以推断，空格处的动词词义比“希望”更强,只有require（要求）最合适。3.truthful本句将“政治”与“做出……声明的活动”及纸牌游戏做比较,根据上一句的句意及本句中的!esslike...andmorelike…两个比较结构,可以推断pokergame在句中是贬义的,而空格处的形容词应为ー个褒义词,因此答案为truthful。truthfulstatements意为“真实声明”。4.deceive由前面的tryto可知此处为动词。根据上段中的expecttobelied及本句提到的pokergame等词可以推断本题答案为deceive〇5.entirely根据上文提到的有时政客说谎是必须的,及本句提到的thepublicevenhasa“righttobeliedto”,可以推断这个程度副词是entirely〇6.risk在词库中可以与at搭配的名词只有risk〇whennationalsecurityisatrisk意为“当国家安全处于危险中的时候”。7.probing根据上下文的意思，在词库中只有probing最合适。probinginto...意为“对的调查”。注意区别本句中increased的词性,因为主语themaincause不可能“增长”，故increased在此不是动词谓语,而是过去分词作形容词修饰空格处的名词。8.famously根据BillClinton和MonicaLewinsky这些名词及他们的事件，可以推断该词为famously〇9.affairs根据本句的句意,可以推断空格处的单词应与本句说到BillClinton的事件有关,而且此处的lieabouttheir…与前ー个分句BillClintonliedabouthisaffair结构相同,因此答案是affairs

112ー词。1.journalists空格处的词应与colleagues并列，都是表示某种人，只有journalists适合。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文是・篇讨论作者新观点的文章。主要讲述如何解决考古学现在所处的窘境,包括解决非法盗墓和博物馆发展等方面的问题。第二步:理解问题、定位选项2.A题型判断:本题是主旨题。由题干purpose可知。原文定位:全文分析:作者在第•自然段提出了考古学面临的两个问题:资金不足和非法盗掘。第二自然段作者提出了自己的建议,如何能够同时解决这两个问题。接下来作者针对自己的观点,反驳了相反的意见。在最后一段，文章解释了这样的做法为什么能制止非法盗掘。B、C、D选项是文中细节,所以正确选项是A3.C题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干implies可知。原文定位：1)第二自然段:But,youmightreply...Practically,youarewrong.2)第二自然段：Irefertothethousandsof...duplicatesofoneanother.3)第五自然段：Thebasementsofmuseums...discoveredinthefuture.4)第六自然段:Butthedemandfor...professionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?分析:题干要求找出不能从文中推断出的选项。A选项说的这样的市场的确是存在的,出现在最后一段。B选项在文中第二自然段和第三自然段首提到，说明了许多挖掘出的ー模ー样的复制品是没有实际科研价值的。D选项在第五段“piecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements”中能推断出。所以只有C选项文中没有提到。4.D题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位：第五自然段：Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds.分析：文章在第五自然段中说明甚至没有资金给挖出的文物分类，故"theycannotbefoundagain".这样的东西是无法找到的事实是和文物分类问题有关系的。所以A项是错误的。文章没有讨论B、C选项。5.A题型判断：本题是作者态度题。由题干author'sargument可知。原文定位：第六自然段：Butthedemandfor...whoexcavatedit?分析：在最后一段开始作者认为政府官方售出的文物能够有效地降低人们对于非法文物的需求，然后又解释了为什么人们不会再去买非法文物的原因。这些正是A选项的内容。作者没有对其他几个选项的内容做出任何判断。6.C题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干whichof可知。原文定位:第三自然段:Youmightobjectthat...notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.分析：作者在第三段说“Youmightobject...”来引出可能有的反对理由,然后紧接着说“ancient

113artifacts...notsoldtothehighestbidder",用来反映一种观点,即文物是全世界的共同财富,不应该被ー个人独占。也就是C选项的内容。A项是表现了作者观点的正确性,而不是反对意见。B、D选项文中没有提及。第三步（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文主要介绍了•・种研究美国文化的方法。人种学家通过语言学家和人类学家的记录数据和许多故事试图研究美国土著文化的方方面面,然后说明了这种方法在准确性和全面性等方面的局限,最后也肯定了这种方法的有效性。第二步:理解问题、定位选项1.D题型判断:本题是主旨题。由题干organization可知。原文定位：全文分析：题目间全文结构是怎么组织的。文章第一自然段讲述了一种研究方法,即记录土著人的生活中的故事,然后介绍了这种方法是怎么应用的。第二、三自然段说明这种方法的局限性。最后一自然段说明了这种方法仍然有可取之处。A、B、C选项提到了两种方法,然而文中只有一种。所以正确答案是D。2.C题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干mostsimilarto可知。原文定位：第二自然段：…investigatorsrarelyspentenoughtimewiththetribestheywereobserving...分析:在第二自然段提到没有足够精力与土著人在一起的人种学家不会很了解他们的生活。但是这样的人种学家又试图去解释土著人的生活。这样的情况和C选项描述的情况是类似的。A、B、D选项都和人种学家的情况均不相似。3.A题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位：1）第三自然段：Indeed,theveryactof...distorttheircultures...familystories.2）第四自然段:...likelytothrowmorelightontheworking...speculationfrom...culture.分析：文章第四自然段说这种方法的优点是能够提供真实的土著文化，而不是学者的假设和猜测。这也是A选项所说的。B项讨论了收集土著人的生活故事是很容易的，但是文中没有提到这是否容易，只是说了这可能会扭曲土著文化。C项说人种学家的方法有限，文章没有说明这・点。D项说土著人生活的故事能够帮助人种学家分辨在土著文化中哪些事是重要的，哪些是次要的。但是第三自然段说到了研究者本身的语言文化就有可能扭曲土著文化本身，所以不可能在扭曲文化的情况下了解哪些是重要的,哪些是次要的。4.C题型判断:本题是主旨题。由题干purpose可知。原文定位:全文。分析：全文介绍了・种方法。即这种方法用来干什么、它的局限性，同时也肯定了它的可取之处。所以文章的目的就是评价ー种方法。5.B题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干表述可知。

114原文定位:1）第二自然段:...PaulRadincontendedthat...2）第三自然段:NativeAmericansrecognizedthat...分析：题干问人种学家研究土著文化的方法是怎么样的,文中第三段说他们用的语言是不能完整地记录土著文化的,因为这种文化信息是不能用英语表达的。A选项错误,因为在第二段中作者说研究者不熟悉土著文化。C选项是错误,因为文章在第一段说“datathatwouldsupplementtheirownfieldobservations”,说明这只是补充性的部分,不是主要来源。D项是错误,因为我们从文章中可以知道我们得到的信息已经被人为的编辑扭曲了。第三步（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意通读全文,了解文章的主要意思。本文对“推销”和“广告促销”这两种销售手段进行了对比,并重点讲解了“推销”这种方式的优势。第一段对比了两种不同的手段,第二段讲“推销”带来的直接效果。第二步:寻求答案、简练作答1.Becauseitallowssalesmessageadaptedtodifferentcustomers题干线索:why;two-waycommunication原文定位:第一自然段:Incontrasttoadvertising,personalsellingestablishesatwo-waycommunication...thatallowsthesalesmessagetobeadaptedtothespecialcircumstancesofthecustomer.分析作答：原文告诉我们和“广告促销”相比,“推销”建立起了售货员和买主之间的双向联系,使得销售信息能调整适应顾客的不同情况。现在,我们要做的是用10个单词以内的句子来浓缩原文。在不影响理解的前提ド,文中该省去的单词就省去。答案立刻浮出水面。2.Whenadetailedinformationoftheproductisrequired题干线索:when;personalselling;important原文定位:第一自然段:Personalsellingisespeciallyimportantwhenadetailedexplanationordemonstrationoftheproductisrequired.分析作答:原文讲到当客户要求对商品做详细的解释和呈现的时候,“推销”就显得特别重要。后半段内容太长,需要浓缩。经分析后,把explanation和demonstration直接合成一个单词information较恰当,该词能概括explanation和demonstration两个单词的意思。3.Becauseitcanvaryfromonepersontothousands.题干线索:personalselling;flexible原文定位:第一自然段:Personalsellingismoreflexibleinthatthesalesforcecanvaryinsizefromonepersontothousands.分析作答:原文告诉我们推销在销售力量上更加的灵活,销售人员可以从一个到几千个不等。必须对后半部分的重复信息进行删除。经过分析,把insize词组删除不影响理解,故得到答案Becauseitcanvaryfromonepersontothousands〇4.toclosethesaleandgettheorderform.题干线索:advantage;personalselling原文定位:第•自然段:Perhapsthemostimportantadvantageofpersonalsellingis...closingthesaleandgettingthecustomer'ssignatureontheorderform.分析作答:原文告诉我们“推销”最而要的优势是,和广告相比,能更有效地达成买卖协议和得到顾客的订购单。问题的空缺是在be动词后面,应该是个名词性的词或短语。可以选择todo

115的形式,也可以选择动名词的形式。关键动词词组是closethesaleandgettheorderform.故答案是toclosethesaleandgettheorderform.1.topromotethesalesoftheproducts.题干线索:objective;promotionactivities原文定位:第二自然段:Theobjectiveisnot...butrathertofindacombinationofactivitiesthatefficientlylocatesprospects,closessales,andretainscustomers.分析作答：原文告诉我们“促销”的目的并不是为了在一种销售手段上投入最多的花销,而是联合多种促销活动,高效率地找到潜在的客户,完成销售并留住客户。本题填空可能存在的问题是原文提供的信息太多,必须精简句子,对内容进行归纳总结。进ー步的思考发现不管是高效率地找到潜在的客户,还是完成销售并留住客户,最终目的都是要提高产品的销量。故答案是topromotethesalesoftheproducts.第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏(略)ModelTestSix答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.Y2.NG3.N4.N5.N6.N7.Y8.introductioncopy,mediacontent,productinformation9.anyflawinsitefunctionalityandusability10.theverytargetedmessagePartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15：MJEKL16-20:HCIANSectionBPassageOne21-25:CADABPassageTwo26-30:BCAADSectionC31.movingveryfast.32.Itdamagedoneofthewindows.33.Wastes.34.Thefifthsentenceinparagraph2.35.Becausemoreandmorenationsputsatellitesintospace.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步（略）第二步略读文章、把握大意原文从四个方面（即:什么是整形外科;为什么青少年要进行整形手术;整形手术

116是否正确；进行整形手术应该考虑的因素）对整形手术进行了全方位的介绍。第三步扫描文章、定位答案8.N题干线索:reconstructive;suchas原文定位:Whatisplasticsurgery部分:Reconstructiveprocedures...likecleftlips（兔唇）...eardeformities（畸形），traumatic（损伤性的）injuries...Cosmetic（alsocalledaesthetic）proceduresalter...include....辨析:原文告诉了我们“复原性整形”和“装饰性整形”的区别。题干中的“去脂”（removingfat）不是“复原整形”的范畴,而是“装饰性整形”的范畴,故本题说法不正确。9.NG题干・线索:comparedwith原文定位:Whatisplasticsurgery部分:Reconstructiveprocedures...likecleftlips（兔唇）…eardeformities（畸形），traumatic（损伤性的）injuries...Cosmetic（alsocalledaesthetic）proceduresalter...include....辨析：本题是考查对“复原性整形”和“装饰性整形”区别的整体把握。原文告诉我们“复原性整形”是将身体上的缺陷进行弥补,“装饰性整形”是要改变不满意的身体部分。两种整形的出发点是不一样的,但是并没有涉及哪个对身体的影响较大。故本题可判为NG。10.N题干线索:teens;because原文定似:Whydoteensgetplasticsurgery部分:Teensviewplasticsurgeryasawaytofitinandlookacceptabletofriendsandpeers.辨析：原文告诉我们青年人进行外科整形的原因主要是希望能被同伴和朋友接受,并和他们相处融洽。题干中conspicuous的意思是“炫耀的,引人注目的”,与原文叙述有差异,故判定为N。11.Y题干线索：mature原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Most...surgeonsspend...interviewingteens...goodcandidates...knowthatteensareemotionallymature....辨析：原文告诉我们大多数的整形医生都要花很多时间来和青少年面谈,决定他们是否适合做整形,是否足够成熟来解决整形带来的麻烦,并且具有充足的理由来进行手术。题干和原文叙述一致,故判定为丫。12.Y题干线索:mentalproblem原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Manydoctorswon*tperform...whoaredepressed...mentalhealthproblemsuntil...treatedfirst.辨析：原文告诉我们病人的情绪对整形的效果有影响。医生首先要确保病人情绪不低落并且没有其他的身心疾病才能进行整形手术。题干的叙述和原文的内容完全一致,故判定为丫。13.NG题干线索:illegal原文定仪:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Aswitheverything,therearerightandwrongreasonstohavesurgery.辨析:原文告诉我们和其他事物ー样,人们对整形的看法正反参半,但只字未提是否合法。文章其他部分也没有提到过,故题干判定为NGo

1178.Y题干线索:approval原文定位:What'sinvolved部分:If...»talkitoverwithyourparents....yourparentsagree,...辨析:原文告诉我们在进行整形前,最好能和父母商量一下,获得父母的同意后,再去会见整形医生了解整形的全部过程和情况。题干的描述和文章的说法一致,判定为丫。8.over333,000题干线索:thenumber原文定位:Whydoteensgetplasticsurgery部分:Accordingto...,over333,000...in2005,...about306,000in2000.辨析：原文告诉我们根据ASPS的调查,18周岁及以下的青少年在2005年有超过333,000的人进行过整形手术,2000年オ306,000人。本题是考查学生从文章中快速寻找、定位答案的能力,答案是over333,00〇。9.self-conscious题干线索：wish原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:Almostallteens...self-consciousabouttheirbodies...wishes...couldbechanged.辨析：题干是对文章原句的综合。原文告诉我们儿乎所有的青少年,包括一些成年人,对自己的身体都有自我了解,都希望能有所改善。题干后面部分空缺处应该填入self-conscious.10.workouttheemotionalproblems题干线索:trainedtherapists原文定位:Isplasticsurgerytherightchoice部分:People...depressed...self-critical,or...think...solvetheirproblems....itwon't.Workingouttheemotionalproblem...atrainedtherapistisabetterbet.Infact,....辨析：原文告诉我们有的人想通过改变自己的面貌来解决他们的沮丧、极端自律、自我看法扭曲等心理问题。这都是空想。医生在进行整形手术前都会确保病人情绪稳定,没有身心问题。由此可以推断出,治疗心理问题是进行整形手术的首要任务。答案是workingouttheemotionalproblem〇第四步(略)PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA解题思路第一步:文章大意通过对4000名男女进行调查,英国科学家发表评论说,儿时多吃水果,长大后患肺癌、肠癌和乳腺癌的几率会降低,并会生产长期的保护作用。同时这项在20世纪30年代开始的跟踪调查发现，大量使用水果还会降低各种原因造成的死亡率。因为水果含抗氧化剂、维生素和其他营养成分，能帮助防止基因受损。科学家还发现单啲维生素对癌症有抵抗作用,但是没找到证据说明比水果更有效。第二步:词性分析名词:impact影响，作用;冲击，碰撞efficiency效率，功效damage损坏，损害inventory详细目录evidence根据，证据,迹象grab抓,夺young年轻人动词:impact影响，作用;冲击，碰撞associated联系;使联合,结合［过去式或过去分词］insert插入,嵌如diagnosed诊断［过去式或过去分词］damage损坏,损害grab抓取;赶紧做;抓住,夺得形容词:protective保护的,防护的decent体面的;大方的;得体的rural农村的年轻的young副诩furthermore而且，此外nearly儿乎，差不多第三步:综合分析

11811.nearly本句of后面已出现名词结构menandwomen,所以此处应为副词,修饰4000这个数字,因此答案为nearly。12.young空格处需要一个形容词作表语。根据第一段所提到的whentheywerechildren,可知该词与children语义相关,词库中最合适的只有young〇13.protective空格处需要一个形容词修饰名词effect。该句是对上一句的补充说明,表明年轻人多吃水果对健康有长期的作用,因此该形容词表积极意义,只有protective适合。14.inventory根据动词词组fillin（填写）,可以推断该词指表格之类,故答案是inventory,foodinventory为“食物清单”。15.rura!根据句意,空格处需要一个形容词与urban并列修饰areasー词,而且在语义上与urban相反,故答案是rural。16.diagnosed根据句子结构,此处应为动词过去分词与hadbeen构成被动语态。句中的medicalrecords及casesofcancer,可以推断该动词应为diagnosed〇17.associated根据句子结构,此词应能与with搭配。上文提到大量食用水果对健康的影响,可以推断该句表明吃水果与降低死亡率也有关,故associated为本题答案。beassociatedwith意为“与…有关二18.damage根据prevent及其后的定语从句“可导致癌症的发展”,可知这个名词表消极意义,词库中的名词只有damage合适。19.impact从alsoー词可知科学家除了如上文所说研究了水果对健康的影响外,也研究了如维生素C、E等对健康的影响,因此impactー词为本题答案。20.evidence从该句bulー词可以知道科学家研究了维生素C等对健康的影响,但不能证明这些单ー抗氧化剂的效果是否与水果ー样,因此此处应为ー个表证明、证据的单词,即evidence〇SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意本文讲述了哈里・霍迪尼的遁术和他的发展历程。他有超凡的能力使自己进出任何自己想进出的地方。但是他同时也有・个秘密,在监狱逃脱的表演中需要他妻子用接吻祝福的方式把钥匙交给参加表演的哈里。但是这并不妨碍他成为世界知名的大师。第二步:理解问题、定位选项21.C题型判断:本题是事实细节题。由题干success可知。原文定位:1）第二自然段:...»Hehadtheabilitytomovehistoesawellashemovedhisfingers.Hecouldmovehisbodyintoalmostanypositionhewanted.2）第四自然段:...，Bessgavehimakissforgoodluckandsmallskeletonkey,whichisakeythatfitsmanylocks,passedquicklyfromhermouthtohis.分析:从文章第二段推断出unusualability,从第四段最后一句中可以找到skeletonkey,由此可见选项C正确。第二段第一句表明A说法不正确,选项B和选项D都只有一半信息是正确的。22.A题型判断:此题是词义推断题。由题干“ihis”可知。原文定位:第四自然段:ItwasthepublicitythatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini'ssuccess.分析：本题考查代词的理解。指示代词this出现在第四段的开头句中,这句话起了承上启下的过度作用。显然,这里的this是指第三段结尾句中提到的1898年HarryHoudini在芝加哥第一次表演监狱遁术。

11911.D题型判断:本题是推理判断题。由题干performance可知。原文定位:文章最后ー自然段:Intheafternoon,thepeopleof...,andintheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheatrewouldbefull.分析:第一段第三句中的theatre及最后一段第三句提到的"...intheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheatrewouldbefull”表明Harry通常到剧院表演,也就是选项D。虽然文章也有提到他安排在各地的监狱或河流等表演,但是,监狱或其他的逃生表演都是为了引起公众的注意,最终是为了吸引他们到剧院看他的演出。12.A题型判断:本题是推理判断题。由题干canbeinferred可知。原文定位:1）第三自然段:Harrystartedworkingintheentertainmentworldwhenhewas17in1891..…2）第四自然段:ItwasthepublicitythatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini*ssuccess.分析：由第三段第一句话可知Harry在189I年17岁时就进入娱乐界,再由本段结束句以及第四段开头句可知Harry于1898年在芝加哥第一次表演监狱遁术后大获成功。从上文推断,1898年他应为24岁。因此选项A正确。13.B题型判断:本题是推理判断题。由题干whichof…istrue可知。原文定位:1）第三自然段:Harrypersuadedadetectivetolethimtrytoescapefromtheprison,andheinvitedthelocalnewspapermentowatch.2）第四自然段:ItwasthepublicitythatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini'ssuccess.分析:第三段中第5、6句与B是有内在联系的,这两句有then这个词来衔接,此处暗示了两种不同的情况,即从不成功到成功。因此选项B是正确的。第三段最后两句提到HarryHoudini在芝加哥监狱表演了thefirstescape,而不是firstperformance»因此选项A不正确;选项C属臆断,没有原文依据;选项D不全面,Harry的成功离不开小小的万能钥匙,但还依赖于他的能力和技巧,且作者并未说明在这两个要素之间哪个更重要。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意一位英国科学家认为小型的彗星是最有可能让人类死于非命的太空物体。他说宽度在50到100米之间的小彗星最危险是因为虽然大彗星威力更大,但是撞击地球的几率相对小很多。另外一个原因是这种小彗星会在距地面几公里的地方爆炸,这是致命的原因。这些对彗星的分析有助于人类采取措施预防太空物体来袭。第二步:理解问题、定位选项14.B题型判断:本题是事实细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位：第一自然段：Heexplainsthat....Thesearethereforemuchmoredangerous,hesaid.分析：本题考察因果关系。文章第二段uThesearethereforemuchmoredangerous中的therefore是关键词，暗示了前一句是原因。B选项与之同义，为正确答案。

12011.C题型判断:此题是事实细节题。由题干whichof…istrue可知。原文定位：第二自然段：Itlaidwastetoa40-kilometer-widepatchofforest,butfortunately,theareawasunpopulated分析：本题考查短语laywasteto的理解。第二段倒数第二句中的laywasteto意为“破坏，糟蹋”，因此C选项是该说法的同义替换。其他选项可根据倒数第三句及第三段的虚拟语气来排除。12.A题型判断:本题是推理判断题。由题干forthepurpose可知。原文定位：第二自然段：Heidentifiescometsbetweenjust50and100meterswideasthemostterrifyingdestructive,withmassiveheatandshockwavesburningpeopleandcrushingbuildings.分析：本题考查例子与观点的关系。例子通常用于支持前后的观点，这个例子支持的观点在其前面,即本段的第二句,因此选项A正确。13.A题型判断:此题是事实细节题。由题干表述可知。原文定位:第四自然段：Ironically,itisbecause....Theybreakupintofragments...saidDr.Genge.分析：本题考查因果关系。第四段第二句中because指出了因果关系，并在第三句对原因作进・步的解释，因此，A为正确选项。14.D题型判断:本题是推理判断题。由题干canbeinferred可知。原文定位：1）第四自然段：….Themetal'shigherdensityistoblame.2）最后ー自然段:Dr.Gengebelievesthat....分析：根据文章结尾段可以得出推论。本题最具干扰性的是B选项，第四段最后两句的确表明100米宽的金属陨星比石陨星杀伤范围更宽,但是这只限定在某种大小的情况下,并不是如B选项说得那么绝对。A选项的说法也很绝对，原文中“小”的概念是有限度的，指直径为50到100米的“小”彗星。第三步:（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意本文讲述了太空对于宇航设施的危害。有许多小物体,如油漆颗粒等，当以极快的速度运行时会对太空设备造成毁灭性的灾难。随着越来越多的太空设备进入太空，人们己经采用了控制太空碎片增多的措施。第二步:寻求答案、简练作答15.movingveryfast题干线索:speed：sixmilespersecond原文定位:1）第一自然段:Thisdebrisposeslittledanger...speedsofsixmilespersecond,itcanseverelydamageexpensiveequipmentinacollision.2）第——自然段:Thepitwasdeterminedto...travelingataspeedofabouttwotofourmilespersecond.Thewindowhadtobereplaced.分析作答:前一句话说空中碎片以每秒约6英里的速度飞行,从而会对宇航设备造成损坏。

121后一句通过例子说明了其危害的主要原因在于速度太快。答题时应注意句子结构。11.Itdamagedoneofthewindows.题干线索:cavity;replaced原文定位:第一自然段:Thisthreatwasdramatizedbyacavity...spaceshuttlein1983.Thepitwasdeterminedto...Thewindowhadtobereplaced.分析作答：此句话说明一颗油漆微粒撞坏了航天飞机的舷窗。答题时注意综合信息,应用ー个句子总结答案。12.Wastes.题干线索:wastes;them原文定位:第二自然段:TheUnitedStateshasalwaysrequireditsastronautstobagtheirwastesandreturnthemtotheEarth.分析作答:美国政府要求宇航员将垃圾打包并将其带回地球。答题时注意指代词和指代关系。13.Thefifthsentenceinparagraph2题干线索:shielding;reduce原文定位:第二自然段第五个句子:Extrashieldingwillalsoreducetheriskofdamage.分析作答：防护可以减少受损的风险。此句提到防护问题,以后几句举例说明。答题时注意细节。14.Becausemoreandmorenationsputsatellitesintospace.题干线索:risk;increase原文定位：第二自然段:Asmoreandmorenationsputsatellitesintospace,theriskofcollisioncanonlyincrease.Measuresarealreadybeingtakentocontrolthegrowthoforbitaldebris.分析作答:随着越来越多的国家发射卫星,相撞的风险也就加大了。本句直接说明了太空设备受损几率增大的原因。语言组织时注意同义词的转换,应用ー个原因状语从句作答。第三步:仔细检査,避免疏漏（略）ModelTestSeven答案PartIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）1.N2.N3.Y4.Y5.NG6.N7.Y8.thebest9.AdamKuehl10.anewcoachPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15：NFGJK16-20：HAIOBSectionBPassageOne21-25：CCADBPassageTwo26-30：DCBCA

122SectionC3!.someotherculturalaspectsofnonverbalcommunication32.Becauseheperceivesasortofinvisibleshieldaroundhisbody.33.Afacewithoutanyemotion.34.Respondingtowhatheissaying.35.Keepingdirecteyecontact.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步(略)第二步略读文章、把握大意原文主要从四个方面(Sprints,Hurdles,andRelays—短跑、跨栏和接カ:Distance—长跑:PoleVault,JumpsandMultiー撑杆跳、跳远和多级跳;Throwsー投掷)介绍了亚利桑那大学2007年男子田径运动赛的野猫队的前景。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干线索:goal原文定位:第二自然段:...ourgoalsarethesameaslastseason一topfiveatallchampionships.辨析:原文提到,他们的目标和上个赛季一样,就是进入前五强。本题意思讲述与原文不符,故判断为错误。2.N题干线索:XiongXuehan；MarcusTyus；TroyHarris原文定位:Sprints,Hurdles,andRelays部分第二自然段:SophomoreXiongXuehanreturns...；SophomoreMarcusTyusandseniorTroyHarrisarethefinaltwolegs....辨析:从原文得知XiongXuehan和MarcusTyus是二年级学生,而TroyHarris是四年级学生。本题与原文不符,故判断为错误。3.Y题干线索:RobertCheseret；SeanShields原文定位:第三自然段:EvenwiththelossofRobertCheseretandSeanShields,twoofthebestathletesinthehistoryofArizonatrackandfield....辨析:从原文得知，野猫队失去了RobertCheseret和SeanShields两个最好的运动员。与本题意思一致,故判断为正确。4.Y题干线索:FredHarvey原文定位:第二自然段:HeadcoachFredHarveyisoptimisticabouthisgroupofathletes....辨析:原文告诉我们主教练FredHarvey对他的运动员很有信心,原文用的是optimistic,题目用的是confident,意思一致,故判断为正确。5.NG题干线索:SeanShields；graduation原文定位:Throws部分第四自然段:DespitelosingmultipleschoolrecordholderSeanShieldstograduation....辨析：从原文得知,SeanShields由于毕业而离开,但原文并未提及他毕业以后是否进入大

123学。故本题判断为NG。1.N题干・线索:Arnold；TrackandFieldChampionships原文定位:PoleVault,JumpsandMulti部分第二自然段:ArnoldplacedthirdattheUSATrackandFieldChampionshipsinthedecathlonoverthesummer.辨析:从原文看,Arnold在美国山径锦标赛中排名第三。这与题目中提到的排名第四相矛盾,故题目判断为错误。2.Y题干线索:JordanPowell；thelongjump；Pac-10原文定位:PoleVault,JumpsandMulti部分第四自然段:…JordanPowellearned...honorsinthelongjump...；HealsoplacedsecondatthePac-10Championships....辨析:从原文可了解,JordanPowell擅长跳远,且在这个项目上在太平洋十校联盟锦标赛中排名第二。3.thebest题干线索:throwing原文定位:Throws部分第一自然段:TheWildcatthrowingsquadisarguablythebestinthecountry....辨析:本题是对原文句子的同义转述，题目用的throwingteam与原文的throwingsquad同意,故答案为thebest〇4.AdamKuehl题干线索:record；discus原文定位:Throws部分第二自然段:KuehlbroketheArizonaschoolrecordinthediscus....辨析:原文中提到Kuehl打破了亚利桑那州的铁饼记录。联系上下文,Kueh!即AdamKuehl,故这里填AdamKuehl〇5.anewcoach题干线索:CraigCarter原文定位:Throws部分第四自然段:...andnewcoachCraigCarterwillhaveplentyoftalentedathletestoworkwith.辨析:从原文可以得知CraigCarter是这个队的新教练,故题目此处应填:anewcoach〇第四步(略)PartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA解题思路:第一步:文章大意本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌,以现代人类平均身高比五百年前高约三英寸为例,预测了未来人类的变化,人类大脑将更为发达,由此带来头部,特别是前额的改变。由于现代人类经常使用眼睛,未来人类的眼睛应该会更发达。现代人类的手脚运动少，可能会退化，然而手指由于长期使用,会变得更灵敏。由于现代人的头发不起任何作用，因此未来人类很可能秃顶。尽管有这些变化,未来人类还是有和我们相似的思想和感情。第二步:词性分析名词:impression印象time时间average平均purpose目的、用途动词:assume假定,设想tend趋向,往往是disappear消失

124grow成长,渐渐变得passes经过（第三人称单数）形容词:sensitive敏感的,灵敏的normal正常的physical身体的,物质的副词:basically基本上，主要地eventually最终fairly公正地:相当地第三步:综合分析1.average"现代人类平均身高比五百年前高约三英寸”。此处是ー个固定搭配,onaverage表示"平均地"。2.assume此句缺谓语，因此应填入ー个动词。根据前文人类在过去的五百年中，平均身髙増加了三英寸,这五百年是一个相对短的时期,我们可以设想，未来人类的身高会继续增长。只有动词assume用在此处合适。3.eventually由于这里主语、谓语和宾语都完整，因此我们判断此处很可能是ー个副词。“最终,我们将需要更大的大脑。”因此这里填入eventually。4.physical空格处修饰后面名词change,因此应填入・个形容词。只有physical"身体的”符合上下文意思。5.grow由于未来人类的大脑可能会变大，因此这也会相应地带来身体上的改变，头部,特别是前额会渐渐变大。grow动词，表示“渐渐变得"。6.tend此处需要一个动词。由于主语是we,所以排除passes,而assume、grow已用过，剩下的tend和disappear中只有tend适合。’‘另一方面，我们倾向于更少使用腿和脚"。7.sensitive"然而与此同时,我们的手指由于经常使用，会渐渐变得更加…"，grow后面应该是ー个形容词，只有sensitive“灵敏的"合适。8.disappear原文提到了头发没有作用，所以未来人类的头发很可能消失。这里填入动词disappear。9.purpose这里useful修饰的应该是ー个名词。根据前后文意思，应填入purpose。servenopurpose无济于事,无用.10.impression从原文看，这里是ー一个名词，后面是that引导的同位语从句。此处填入impression最合适，表示"印象"。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意通读全文，了解到文章中出现频率最高的词是suicide、women、men、depression〇整篇文章探讨女性抑郁症患者自杀率低于男性的原因。第二步:理解问题、定位选项11.C题型判断:本题是主旨大意题。从题干词组mainlyconcerned可知。原文定位:1）第一自然段:...womenactuallycommitsuicideaboutone-fourthasoftenasmen.；2）第一自然段:...femalesmaybeprotectedbecauseofthewaytheythinkaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers；3）第二自然段:...thatapproachmaybekeepingfemalesuiciderateslower；4）第四自然段:...womenarelessinclinedtocommitsuicidebecausetheirthinkingismoreinclusive.分析：原文在第一自然段提出了女性抑郁症患者自杀率低于男性的现象。第二、三、四自然段分别讨论了这个现象的三个原因。A选项认为文章是关于“抑郁与自杀的联系”,第一段虽有“astronglinkbetweensuicideanddiagnosablementalillness”的句子,但是之后的内容都讲女性自杀率低的原因,所以A错误。。B选项“男性自杀率比女性高”也是片面的。D选项“女性患抑郁症的原因”和文章的话题不相干。

1251.C题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干单词because可知。原文定位:第二自然段:Theyaremuchmorelikelytotellaphysicianhowtheyfeelandcooperateintheprescribedtreatment.Asaresult,womengetbettertreatmentfortheirdepression.分析：原文意思为,女性患者更有可能告诉医生她们的感受,而且能配合相应的治疗。因此只有C选项与此句意思吻合。A、B、D选项都与此不符。2.A题型判断:本题是语义理解题。由题干句式Theword...means...可知。原文定位:第四自然段:...awomanmighttakemorethingsintoaccount.分析:女性作决定时会顾及许多东西,即把很多事情包括进去。B选项open-minded意为“头脑开放的‘‘、C选项considerate意为“体贴的,考虑周到的”、D选项relevant意为“相关的”，均不符合原文意思。3.D题型判断:本题是推理题。由题干句式Itisimpliedthat...可知。原文定位:第二自然段:...femalesmaybeprotectedbecauseofthewaytheythinkaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers.分析：从原文得知,由于女性的这种思考问题的方式与和他人交流方式,她们可能受到保护。由此推断,若男性也如此,那么他自杀的儿率就会降低。A和B选项都是男性的错误做法。C选项只涉及问题的表面,不全面。4.B题型判断:本题是细节题。原文定位:第四自然段:Amanislesslikelytotakethosethingsintoaccount.Hemakeshisdecision,andit'sabouthim.分析:男性更有可能不考虑这些,他会只考虑自己的感受来作出决定。A、C、D选项均与此意思不符合,故答案为B。第三步:（略）PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意用3分钟左右的时间通读全文,了解到整篇文章出现频率最高的词是instantcoffee和regularcoffee:文章通过ー项动机调查（motivationstudy）分析了速溶咖啡销量不如传统咖啡的原因。第二步:理解问题、定位选项5.D题型判断:本题是细节题。从题「单词what可知。原文定位:第一自然段：...instantcoffee...stronglyresistedinthemarketplace...theremightbedeeperreasons.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch'sclassicstudies....分析：原文提到了速溶咖啡在市场上受到抵制,商家认为有深层次的原因,而动机调查就证实了这点。由此可见动机调查的目的是为了找到人们抵制速溶咖啡的原因。A选项“掲示为什么有深层次原因’’是对原文的曲解。B选项“掲示速溶咖啡味道不好的原因''只停留在问题的表面。C选项“了解传统咖啡成功的原因''并不是调查的目的所在，速溶咖啡商家主要关注的是速溶咖啡的销售问题。

1261.C题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干词组intheopinion可知。原文定位:第一自然段：Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers'seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.分析：原文意思为“（商家）通过努力试图去发现顾客们抵制该产品的原因,这种抵制看似不合理”。由此可见,商家们认为顾客对速溶咖啡的抵制是不合理的。A选项速溶咖啡商家认为“人们应该买传统咖啡''和原文完全相反。B选项速溶咖啡商家认为“传统咖啡优于速溶咖啡”也是错误的。D选项速溶咖啡商家认为“传统咖啡的广告费用很大,,和原文的“速溶咖啡的广告费用比传统咖啡大''意思不符。2.B题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干单词infer可知。原文定位:第一自然段：...instantcoffee...stronglyresistedinthemarkettheadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.分析：原文告诉我们，速溶咖啡在市场上受到了抵制，而速溶咖啡的广告费用是相当大的。由此可以推断，广告并不总能保证好的销售结果。A选项“速溶咖啡比传统咖啡好喝”、C选项“大们儿乎不注意广告”、D选项“传统咖啡比速溶咖啡好喝”在文中都没有提到。3.C题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干词组probablywould可知。原文定位:第二自然段：Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.分析：原文的意思是“在接受包括速溶咖啡在内的购物清单的大中，几乎有一半的人都把女主大描述为懒惰且不会计划。”因此大们不买速溶咖啡的原因是它暗示了女主大的懒惰lazy,所以为提高销量，生产商必定要排除这种副面暗示。A、B、D选项都与此不符。4.A题型判断：本题是细节。由题干中的Howmany可知。原文定位：第一自然段：Onelistwasgiventoeachoneinagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseintheothergroupofthesamesize.分析：原文提到,其中・份购物淸单给由50个女性组成的ー组大，另•份淸单给另ー组，大数相同，因此总共参加大数是100人，故正确答案是A、B、C、D选项的人数均与此不符。第三步:（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意略读全文,我们可以了解这是ー篇关于非言语交际的说明文。在第一段谈及非言语交际的另外一种因素,距离。美国人在非正式场合交流时,一般保持距离,拉丁或阿拉伯文化背景的人则靠得较近。第二段介绍了交际时表情的使用，美国人认为保持眼神接触是真诚和诚实的表现,但盯着陌生人看被认为是粗鲁的。第二步:寻求答案、简练作答5.someotherculturalaspectsofnonverbalcommunication题干线索:previous原文定位:第一自然段:Anotherculturalaspectofnonverbalcommunicationisonethatyoumightnotthinkabout:space.分析作答:非言语交际的另ー个文化方面是你可能想不到的:距离。既然是“另ー个文化方

127面”,说明此前讨论了其他的文化方面。根据题干,组织答案为ー个名词短语。1.Becauseheperceivesasortofinvisibleshieldaroundhisbody.题干线索:uncomfortable；close原文定位:第一自然段:Everypersonperceiveshimselftohaveasortofinvisibleshieldsurroundinghisphysicalbody.Whensomeonecomestooclose,hefeelsuncomfortable.分析作答：每个人都认为他身体周围有一个看不见的保护层,如果有人离得太近,他就会不舒服。回答时应注意答案应与题干保持一致,题干用why提问,且人称用的是单数,回答就用because,人称也用单数。2.Afacewithoutanyemotion.题干线索:pokerface原文定位:第二自然段:Peoplewitha"pokerface”,whoseemotionsarehiddenbyadeadpanexpression,arelookeduponwithsuspicion.分析作答:whoseemotionsarehiddenbyadeadpanexpression（其情感被面无表情所掩盖）。此处deadpan可能是生词,但可以联系前一句猜出deadpan的意思为:没有表情。所以apokerface指的是:没有表情的脸。组织语言时用•个名词短语。3.Respondingtowhatheissaying.题干线索:America；polite；talking原文定位:第二自然段:ToAmericans,politeconversationalistsempathizebydisplayingexpressionsofexcitementordisgust,shockorsadness.分析作答：原文告诉我们,对美国人来说,礼貌的听者会通过表现激动或厌恶,惊讶或悲伤等表情来表示与说话者的同感。但回答时若照搬全句则太长,要进行归纳。激动或厌恶,惊讶或悲伤等等,都是对说话者所说内容的回应,抓住关键词respond就能言简意赅地表达意思。4.Keepingdirecteyecontact.题干线索:American；sincereandtruthful原文定位:第二自然段:Whereassomeculturesviewdirecteyecontactasimpoliteorthreatening,Americansseeitasasignofgenuinenessandhonesty.分析作答：有些文化认为直接眼神接触是不礼貌或者具有威胁性的,但美国人认为这是真挚和诚实的表现。组织语言时应用动名词短语，抓住关键词directeyecontact.第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏（略）ModelTestEight答案PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)l.N2.N3.N4.Y5.Y6.NG7.Y8.twodifferentthings9.acoupleofextrapounds10.targetingmodifiableriskfactorsPartIIReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA11-15：JDOGF16-20：MKLBISectionBPassageOne21-25：CAACC

128PassageTwo26-30：CBCDASectionC31.Acarefullywordedletterofcomplaint.32.Togetcompensation.33.Four.34.Piecesofadvice.35.Towritealetterofcomplaintpolitely.答案详解PartIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)解题思路第一步(略)第二步略读文章、把握大意原文主要从三个方面(Reducingcancer'sdeathtollthroughprevention一通过预防来减少癌症死亡、跨栏和接カ;Takecontrolofyourcancerrisk—控制你的癌症风险:Morethingsyoucandotocutyourcancerrisk—其他降低癌症风险的方式)介绍了通过改变生活方式从而降低癌症风险,减少由此造成的死亡的方法。第三步扫描文章、定位答案1.N题干线索:control；factors原文定位:Reducingcancer'sdeathtollthroughprevention部分第2自然段...unlikeriskfactorsthatarebeyondourcontrol...thesearemodifiableriskfactors,somethingwedohavecontrolover.辨析：从原文看,有些因素是我们不能控制的,原文侧近讲我们可以控制的因素。照题目所说,我们能控制所以因素,与原文不符,故判断为错误。2.N题干线索:35%；world'sannualdeath原文定位:Reducingcancelsdeathtollthroughprevention部分倒数第2自然段:...theseriskfactorsaccountfor35%...oftheworld's...annualcancerdeaths.辨析:原文告诉我们,全世界每年因癌症死亡总数的35%是由于这些危险因素造成的。而题目意思为：全世界每年死亡总数的35%是由这些危险因素造成的。与原文相悖,故判断为错误。3.N题干线索:social；smoker原文定位:Takecontrolofyourcancerrisk部分第5自然段:But"social"smokersshouldbeware.辨析:原文提到,喜欢社交的吸烟者应该注意（健康）。题目与原文意思不符,故判断为错误。4.Y题干线索:obese原文定位:Takecontrolofyourcancerrisk部分第4自然段:...only39%ofobeseadultsdescribedthemselvesasobese.辨析：原文告诉我们,只有39%的成年肥胖者把他们自己描述为胖。题目意思与此相符,故判断为正确。

1291.Y题干线索:reduceairpollution原文定位:文章最后一句话:Doyourparttoreduceairpollution:whenpossible,walk,takethebusorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingyourcar.辨析：原文主张为减少空气污染做出你自己的贡献,尽可能地走路、坐公车或骑自行车,而不是开自己的车。题目意思与此相符,故为正确。2.NG题干线索:vegetables原文定位:Morethingsyoucandotocutyourcancerrisk部分:Increaseyourfruitandvegetableintake.辨析：原文提到了降低癌症风险的一个方法是增加水果蔬菜的摄入。但是并未说吃新鲜蔬菜是最好的方法,所有题目判断为NG。3.Y题干线索:fruits；vegetables原文定位:Reducingcancer'sdeathtollthroughprevention部分第三自然段:Theriskfactorsidentifiedinthestudywere:...lowfruitandvegetableintake辨析:原文列出的研究中发现的可能致癌因素就包括了低的水果蔬菜摄入量。题目意思与此相符,因此判断为正确。4.twodifferentthings题干线索:couldimprove；actuallydoing原文定位:Takecontrolofyourcancerrisk部分第6自然段:...acknowledgingyoucouldimproveincertainareasandactuallydoingsomethingaboutitaretwodifferentthings.斫析:原文意思是,承认你能在某些方面可以改善与实际上去做这些事情是不同的两码事。题目中把acknowledging换成了admitting,意思一致。所以此处应填入twodifferentthings〇9.acoupleofextrapounds题干线索:problem；pounds原文定位:Takecontrolofyourcancerrisk部分第4自然段:Ifyouareonlydealingwithacoupleofextrapoundsrightnow,itmightnotbeaproblem.辨析:本题是对原文的ー个转述,原文用itmightnotbeaproblem,题目用了Itsnotabigproblem»因此，此处应填:acoupleofextrapounds〇10.targetingmodifiableriskfactors题干线索:Harvardstudy；prevent；by原文定位:Reducingcancer'sdeathtollthroughprevention部分倒数第一自然段:...thebestwaytoreducethesedeaths,accordingtotheHarvardstudy,istopreventthecancersfromdevelopinginthefirstplacebytargetingmodifiableriskfactors.辨析:原文意思为,最后的减少癌症死亡的方法就是通过针对可改变的危险因素来预防癌症。故此处因填入:targetingmodifiableriskfactors〇第四步（略）PartIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）SectionA解题思路:第一步:文章大意本文主要介绍未来了空气污染对于地球气候影响的两种观点。第一种观点认为,空气污染会造成温室效应,从而使全球气候变暖,两极冰雪融化,淹没陆地。第二种观点认为由空气污染形成的物质能够为地球阻挡阳光,从而使地球温度下降,同样会造成灾难性的影响,使地球气候类似于

130冰河时代,使农业受到严重影响。虽然有些专家认为第一种情况更有可能,但我们也不确信哪种情况会发生,或许幸运的话,两种情况会相互抵消,地球就会保持现有的温度。第二步:词性分析名词:limitation限制,局限性water水causes原因（复数）动词：reflected反射（过去时或过去分词）raising提髙（现在时或现在分词）resulting导致、由于（现在分词）affected影响（过去时或过去分词）causes导致（第三人称单数）covered覆盖（过去时或过去分词）形容词:effective有效的disastrous灾难性的correct正确的副词：hopefully有希望地widely广泛地,普遍地literally字面地;确实、筒直（用于强调）第三步:综合分析10.affected原文的that从句里缺谓语动词,根据上下文,人们曾经认为空气污染只会影响工厂和交通集中的大城市周围地区。这里应该用动词过去时。11.literally这部分的主语、谓语和表语都有,应该差ー个副词。此处意思为：空气污染确实是ー个全球的问题。12.covered本句has后面应该是个过去分词。厚厚的空气污染云层覆盖了整个美国西半部。13.resulting此处动词短语resultfrom表示“由…引起”,在文屮用•ing形式作定语修饰theincreasingconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheair部分,表示“由燃料燃烧所引起的空气中二氧化碳浓度的增加正在形成•种温室效应”。14.raising此处的raisingワ前面的holding是并列关系。温室效应保存地球上反射的热量,使世界平均温度上升。15.correct根据前后意思,我们填入形容词correct,表示“如果这种观点正确的话”。16.melt只要全球温度上升几度,两极的冰盖就会融化。melt为动词,表示“融化”。18.water根据常理,如果两极冰盖融化,大陆的这些城市就会被淹没,从而在水下。19.widely这里讲到另ー种观点，这种观点不如前面那种观点普遍。所以此处应该填入widely普遍的。20.disastrous第二种观点认为由空气污染形成的物质能够为地球阻挡阳光,从而使地球温度卜.降，使地球气候类似于冰河时代，使农业受到严重影响。所以这种情况同样会造成灾难性的影响，此处壊入形容词disastrous(灾难性的)。SectionBPassageOne解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意用3分钟左右的时间通读全文后，可以了解本文出现频率最高的词是:brain>child(ren)：人物是Doman;文章主要讲了Doman等人通过刺激疗法来提高儿童的智力。第二步:理解问题、定位选项21.C题型判断:本题是细节题。从题干单词what可知。原文定位：第,,自然段:…brain-injuredchildrendidn'timprovewithtreatment.Sotheydevelopedanewapproach....childrenwhohashalftheirbrainsremovedcould,bystimulation,achievehigherIQs....分析：从原文可知,“治疗不能提高大脑受损儿童的智力。因此Doman等人研发了一种新的

131方法。通过刺激,即使那些大脑受损一半的儿童也能达到比正常儿童更髙的智商。’’可见,当疗法适当时，大脑受损儿童的智力能提高。A选项“当教他们说话和理解时”是片面的。B选项“当他们能够说儿种语言时”，这是大脑正常儿童接受这种方法之后的结果之一。D选项“当他们的症状得到缓解时”，这种方法并不能提高儿童的智力，只能从表面上缓解症状。因此A、B、D都是错误的。20.A题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干单词what可知。原文定位：第一自然段:Allwedoforallchildrenhereistogivethemvisual,auditoryandtactilestimulationwhichincreasedfrequency,intensityandduration,inrecognitionoftheorderlywayinwhichthebraingrows.分析：原文的意思是“我们为这里所有儿童所做的是给他们视觉、听觉、触觉的刺激,这些刺激按照大脑成长的顺序增加频率、强度和持续时间”。本题可用排除法。B选项“减少刺激的持续时间”，和原文意思相反。C选项“增强短期的刺激”，和原文不符。D选项“减少刺激间隔的时间”，这和原文的“增加刺激的频率''正好相反。故B、C、D都错误。而A选项“增加刺激种类”是正确的。21.A题型判断:本题是推理题。由题干单词assume可知。原文定位：第一自然段:Theresultwasthatby1960wehadhundredsofseverelybrain-injuredtwo-year-oldswhocouldreadandunderstand.分析:原文的意思是“结果，到1960年我们这里有成数百名大脑受损的两岁儿童能够说话和理解”。根据这句话推理,正常儿童应该也是在两岁左右会说话和能够理解。B选项“大脑受损的儿童能够克服残疾”，事实上他们只能通过适当的治疗才能提高智力。C选项“大脑受损的儿童通常智商高”这正好和原文意思相反。D选项“只有一半大脑的儿童更聪明”也和原文意思相反。22.C题型判断:本题是细节题。原文定位:第二自然段：...bythetimethechildrenleft,aroundsevenyearsold,theycouldgenerallyspeakandreadthreeforeignlanguages,playamusicalinstrument,readthreefull-lengthbooksaweek....分析：原文的意思是“在儿童离开时,他们大约7岁左右,他们通常能够读、写三种外语,会演奏ー种乐器,一周能够读完三本书”,这些事情对于一般7岁孩子来说是几乎不可想象的，所以这个学院让儿童有非自然的发展。A选项“，正常，进步的观点是错误的”，文中没有提到这点。B选项“儿童需要7年来达到正常”是错误的，这个学院是让正常孩子有更大的进步。D选项“儿童以正常的标准速度发展”，这个学院正是要让儿童以超常的速度发展。23.C题型判断：本题是细节。由题干疑问词why可知。原文定位：第三自然段：Theywanttodiscoverhowtheycanfulfilltheirrolesasnature'steachers,byusingtheirlove,understandingandinstinctsforthebenefitoftheirchildren.分析：原文意思为“他们想要了解为了孩子，运用的爱、理解和本能,他们如何才能发挥他们作自然的老师（即能加快自然发展的速度）的角色”。A选项“因为他们想让他们的孩子像达芬奇ー样聪明”，原文中并没有提到。B选项“因为他们想学如何去教他们的孩子学自然”是对原文的误解。D选项“因为他们想他们的孩子发展爱和理解的本能”。只有C选项“因为他们想提高他们的能力来帮助孩子”オ符合原文意思。第三步:（略）

132PassageTwo解题思路第一步:浏览文章、了解大意文章讲述了1848年发生在美国加利福利亚州的淘金热。一名木匠发现了水中闪闪发光的颗粒,经证实是黄金,从而引来全国各地甚至是欧洲国家的淘金者。人们都怀着同样的目的ー淘金致富涌向加州，也给那里造成了灾难。第二步：理解问题、定位选项20.C题型判断:本题是推理题。从题干句式thebeginningoftheCalifornianGoldRush可知。原文定位：第一自然段：Henoticedsomebrightyellowparticlesinthewater,bentdowntopickthemupandtookthemtohispartner,Mr.Sutter.ThiswasthebeginningoftheCalifornianGoldRush.分析：原文的意思是“他注意到水中有一些闪闪发光的颗粒，于是弯下腰拾起来交给了他的搭档苏特先生。这就是加利福利亚淘金热的开始。”选项A铜，B沙，C金，D硫磺。很显然淘金热是由黄金的发现引起的,答案应选C。21.B题型判断：本题是细节题。从题干词组incase,before可知。原文定位：第二自然段:SohesentamannamedBennettoSanFranciscotoseetheGovernor.HewarnedBennetnottotellanyoneincasepeoplecametothevalleybeforehisclaimwasrecognized.分析:原文的意思是“他（苏特）派一个名叫本纳特的人去旧金山见市长,他警告本纳特不要告诉任何人,以免在他还没有取得所有权之前别人会来疯抢」'A选项"向市长申请居留权”与第一段的内容混淆,实际上在发现黄金之前苏特已经取得了居留权了。C选项“阻止别人来到这个山谷”,与原文意思不符，原文并没有提到这个想法。D选项“告诉市长这ー发现”,还不够完全。B选项“确认在他土地上发现的黄金都归他所有”,与原文的意思・致,因此,B选项是正确答案。22.C题型判断:本题是细节题。由题干词组didnotbelieve,atfirst可知。原文定位：第二自然段:butthepeopleofSanFranciscodidnotbelievehimatfirst...thenonly800people,hadgonetolookforthepreciousmetal.分析：原文的意思是“一开始旧金山的人们不相信本纳特的话，直到一位周报记者去到苏特的磨房并且证实了这一点，大家オ像潮水一般涌向那个山谷”A选项“ー听到本纳特关于黄金的故事就出发去山谷’’与原文中意思不一致。B选项“直到看见报纸的报道オ相信'',与原文不符。D选项“ー听本纳特关于发现黄金的事情就相信了”，也不正确。答案是C“直到ー个市民（即周报记者）证实了本纳特的说法オ相信”。23.D题型判断：本题是细节题。由题干词组reach...beforetherest可知。原文定位：第三自然段：EventhenthereweresomewhowerepreparedtocrosstheterribledesertofDeathValleyinordertoreachthegoldafewdaysbeforetherest.分析：原文的意思是“有些人为了要比其他人先到达甚至打算穿越死亡谷的沙漠。”A选项“冒险”，B选项“显示勇敢”以及C选项“挑战自我''都与原文不符，只有D选项“提前到达”オ是正确的。24.A题型判断：本题是推理题。由题干句式Itcanbelearnedfrom…可知。原文定位：最后一"段：TheGoldRushprovedadisasterforSutterhimself...Theprospectorsdidagreatdealofdamage,andkilledoneofhissons.

133分析：B选项“剥夺了他土地上的所有黄金”，C选项“每天都来拜访他”，D选项“阻止他使用自己的财产”都与原文意思不一致。A选项“造成了巨大的损失，还杀死了他的ー个儿子''与原文内容相同,所以选A选项。第三步:（略）SectionC解题思路第一步:略读全文、了解大意略读全文，这篇文章谈论向商家投诉的问题。抓住主题句，第一段提到投诉的第•个原因——帮助商家了解问题:第二段讨论了第二个原因——要求赔偿;第三段给了一些写投诉信的建议。略读的同时，可在First、Secondly、Thirdly、Lastly这儿个词下面用笔作标记。第二步：寻求答案、简练作答20.Acarefullywordedletterofcomplaint.题干线索:motivate原文定位：第二自然段：Novendorlikestodoso,butyourcarefullywordedletterofcomplaintmaymotivatehimtodoso.分析作答：原文提到，没有任何商家愿意（赔偿），但是一封措辞考究的投诉信会激发商家这样做。因此答案为：一封措辞考究的投诉信。回答时用ー个名词短语。21.Togetcompensation.题干・线索:mainpurpose；aletterofcomplaint原文定仪:第一自然段:Onereasonfordoingsoistohelpthevendorknowthereisaproblem...；第二自然段:Asecondreasonforwritingaletterofcomplainttoavendoristoseekredress.分析作答:原文提到了两个写投诉信的原因,帮助商家了解问题和要求赔偿,很显然,对于消费者来说,主要目的应该是后者。组织语言时将seekredress替换成近义词getcompensation〇22.Four.题干线索:Howmany；advice原文定位:第三自然段:First,becourteousthoughfirm....Secondly,bereasonable....Thirdly,bespecificaboutwhatiswrong....Lastly,tellhowyouhavebeenhurtorinconveniencedbytheproblem.分析作答:根据略读时做的标记First、Secondly、Thirdly、Lastly,再次确认答案以后,一共是4条建议。答案为Four.23.Piecesofadvice.题干线索:TIPS原文定位:第三自然段:Whenyouwritealetterofcomplaint,you'dbetterkeeptheseTIPSinmind.分析作答:联系上下文,这里的TIPS应该指提出的建议。所以答案为Piecesofadvice.24.Towritealetterofcomplaintpolitely.题干线索:win；cooperation原文定位:第三自然段:First,becourteousthoughfirm.Youwillnotwinavendor'scooperationbyanger.分析作答：“第一,要礼貌而坚决。你的愤怒不能赢得商家的合作。”所以要赢得合作就应该礼貌而坚决,回答时用动词不定式。第三步:仔细检査、避免疏漏（略）