备战2023年新高考英语复习考点13-阅读之推理判断题(原卷版）

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考点13阅读之推理判断（原卷版）【命题趋势】所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息，即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。此类考题虽然没有明确的答案，但我们在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。【重要考向】一、识别推理判断题；二、推理判断题方法；考向一识别推理判断题【典例】【2022年全国乙卷阅读理解D篇】Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.Howeversomehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.【推理判断题识别提分秘籍】题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下：1．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________．2.Wecaninferfromthe(first/last)passagethat________．

13．Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat______．4．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________．5．Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat________．考向二推理判断题解题方法【典例】【2022年新高考1卷阅读理解B篇】Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(结构),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.”Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,“saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.【推理判断提分秘籍】一、推断写作意图推断写作意图，即要求考生根据短文内容推断作者写该文章的目的。

2常见的设问形式1．Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto________．2．Thepassageismeantto________．3．Theauthor'spurposeistoshow________．4．Thepurposeofthearticleisto________．二、推断观点态度推断观点态度，即要求考生推断作者对某人某事的看法或作者所持的观点常见的设问形式1．Theauthorseemstobeinfavorof/against______．2．Theauthormayprobablyagreewith/support________．3．What'stheauthor'sopinionabout...?4．Intheauthor'sopinion...?说明文中作者的态度:objective客观的neutral中立的positive积极的negative消极的disapproval不赞同的approval赞同的ironic讽刺的critical批判的optimistic乐观的pessimistic悲观的cautious小心谨慎的admiring钦佩的indifferent漠不关心的三、推断文章出处推断文章出处，即通过阅读材料，感知内容，从而推断材料的来源。常见的设问形式1．Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom________．2．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?3．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?四、推断目标读者推断目标读者，即要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断此篇文章主要是写给谁看的。常见的设问形式1．Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor________．2．Whoisthepassagewrittenfor?3．Thetextiswrittenmainlyfor________．解题方法解答此类题要根据文章内容，特别是从作者使用的词语和口气来判断。

3【2022年全国甲卷阅读理解B篇】Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.【2022年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇】Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口号),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解决).”Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImeta

4thoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.【2022年全国乙卷阅读理解B篇】Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.【2022年1月浙江卷B篇】TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodofthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodernworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthat no onehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectric revolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers:Steam,Electricity,andtheMen Who InventedModernAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrative(叙述) solivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,“Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspedits possibility theyput it tomoreusesthananyoneelse.”                   Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.Edisonperfectedanincandescentbulb(白炽灯泡) thatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent（交流电）,whichsoonbecamethemajorformofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?

5A.HewasborninNewYorkCity.         B.Hewrotemanyinterestingstories,C.Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.D.Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.【2022年1月浙江卷C篇】"However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.saidHorder. Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant."Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.29.WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder'sstudy?A.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.B.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.C.Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解B篇】PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈养).Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解B篇】PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈养).Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.

6【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D篇】Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(视角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

7A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.”MrTittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton’sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解D篇】Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He’sanewsreporter.B.He’sanofficemanager.C.He’saprofessionaldesigner.D.He’sapublishedwriter.

8【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇】Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair.B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.13.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解C篇】

9WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横杆）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.10.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays8.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】Returningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.24.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B.It’sawindowtoawholenewworld.C.It’sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.9.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingway’sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard’sHolythe

10Firm,herpoetic1975ramble(随笔)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar’sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A.It’sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It’saboutHemingway’slifeasayoungman.C.It’sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It’saboutHemingway’sfriendsinParis.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【2020全国卷II阅读理解C篇】Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装）enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhave（showcased）nutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.28.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.29. Whyarescientistsconcerned about nutria?A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B.Nutria are an endangered species.C.Nutriahurt local cat-sized animals.D.Nutria are illegallyhunted.31. What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A. It’s formal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditional.

11【2020全国卷III阅读理解B篇】Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheSates.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?A.Theymaybebadlytreated.B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.C.Theycouldbetradedillegally.D.Theywouldlosepopularity.【2020全国卷III阅读理解C篇】Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤独),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol—oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit’sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”28.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A.Nick.B.Rita.C.KathrynD.Thedaughters.29.WhatisNick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.【2020全国卷III阅读理解D篇】Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes(基因),theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthepastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突变)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.32.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Environmentaladaptationofcattleraisers.B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.D.Significanceoffoodselection.【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解C篇】ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuck

12milesfromthesea.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?（）A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解D篇】Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?15.Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph?（）A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.1【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D篇】Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.＂I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…＂Christripsonthe＂-ld,＂apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.＂…Votefor…me…＂Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.＂Ittakesalotforanystudent,＂Whaleyexplains,＂especiallyforastudentwhoislearning

13Englishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’＂Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.＂Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,＂Whaleysays,＂isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.＂26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.1【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.20.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction（交流）."Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,"hesaid."It'sachanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan."30.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.D.He’sfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.2【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇】Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms（微生物）fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It’sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.32.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?A.Theyarehardtogetridof.B.Theyleadtoairpollution.

14C.Theyappearindifferentforms.D.Theydamagetheinstruments.2【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇】ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative."It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHill.24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion.B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C.Theyadmiresupermodels.D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.2【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解C篇】Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.29.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?

15A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C.Theycouldhavemorereaders.D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.30.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.2【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解D篇】Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit.34.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.（2022·江苏·苏州市苏州高新区第一中学一模）Now,anincreasingnumberofcitiesaresuspendingrecyclingservices,partlyoutoffearthatworkersmightcontactthecoronavirusfromoneanotherwhilesortingthroughusedwaterbottles,foodcontainersandboxes.Onesolution:Letrobotsdothejob.SincethecoronavirustookholdintheUnitedStateslastmonth,AMPRoboticshasseena“significant”increaseinordersforitsrobotsthatuseartificialintelligencetosortthroughrecycledmaterial,andweedouttrash.Somefacilitiesthatwerelookingatgettingoneortworobotsarenowsaying,“Weneedquiteabitmore.”TheColoradocompany’schiefexecutive,MatanyaHorowitzsaid,“It’sallmovingquitefast.”Beforethepandemic,automationhadbeengraduallyreplacinghumanworkinarangeofjobs,fromcallcenterstowarehousesandgrocerystores,ascompanieslookedtocutlaborcostsandimproveprofit.Butlaborandroboticsexpertssaysocial-distancingdirectives,whicharelikelytocontinueinsomeformafterthecrisisbecomelessstrong,couldcausemoreindustriestoacceleratetheiruseofautomation.Andlong-lastingworriesaboutjoblossesorabroaduneaseabouthavingmachinescontrolvitalaspectsofdailylifecoulddisappearassocietyseesthebenefitsofrestructuringworkplacesinwaysthatminimizeclosehumancontact.Recyclingisoneindustrythatmaybealteredpermanentlybythepandemic.Someworkers,whoearnaslittleas$10anhour,havebeenconcernedaboutcomingtoworkduringthecrisisandsomecitieshavebeencompetingtofindenoughprotectivegear(防护装备)foralloftheiremployees.Federalhealthofficialshaveassuredthem

16thattherisksoftransmissionfromhouseholdrefuseislow.Butworkersinrecyclingfacilitiesoftenworksidebysidesortingmaterial,makingsocialdistancingdifficult.AtAMPRobotics,executiveslikeMr.Horowitzsaytheirrobotswillenablerecyclingfacilitiestospaceouttheiremployees,whostandatconveyorbeltsweedingthroughtheusedplasticandpaper.6．Howdopeoplefeelaboutautomationafterthepandemic?A．Panicked.B．Doubtful.C．Appreciative.D．Unconcerned.7．Inwhichaspectwillrobotshelpmostinrecyclingindustry?A．Sortingoutrecycledmaterial.B．Minimizingclosehumancontact.C．Replacingthejobsofcheaplabor.D．Producingenoughprotectivegear.（2022·河北张家口·一模）Ahungrybadger(獾)searchingforfoodseemstohaveuncoveredwhatturnedouttobehundredsofRomancoinsinaSpanishcave,accordingtoanewstudy.Archaeologists(考古学家)firstdiscoveredseveralcoinslayingonthegroundattheentrancetoasmallcaveinthewoodlandsoutsideGradoinnorthernSpaininApril2021.Theresearcherssuspectthatthecoinswereunearthedbyabadgerfromanearbyden(兽窝)afteraheavysnowwhichmadeitharderforanimalstofindfood.Thehungrybadgerprobablygotintothecavelookingforfoodbutcameacrossthecoinsinstead.Afterfullyexploringthecave,researcherscollected209coinsdatingtobetweenthethirdandfifthcenturiesA．D．“Todate,thisisthelargestamountofRomancoinsfoundinncaveinnorthernSpain,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Theydescribedthediscoveryasan“exceptionalfind”.10．Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthediscoveryin2021?A．It’sdangerous.B．It’stimely.C．It’smeaningless.D．It’sunusual.（2022·山东泰安·一模）Imaginethatonedayyouliveinahighlyimmersive(身临其境)virtualworld.Youcangotoavirtualconcert,takeatriponline,vieworcreateartworksandtryonorbuydigitalclothing.AmidapandemiclikeCOVID-19,insteadofseeingteachersandclassmatesonavideocallscreen,youcouldjointheminavirtualclassroom.Thismayhelpyouunderstandtheconcept,metaverse.Thetermmetaversereferstoasharedvirtual3DworldinwhichpeoplecanaccessviatheInternet.Currently,mostvirtualspaceslookmoreliketheinsideofavideogamethanreallife.However,metaverse’smadethedigitalspacesmorerealisticbytheuseofvirtualreality(VR)oraugmentedreality(AR,增强现实).MetaversewasfirstusedinNealStephenson’snovelSnowCrashin1992.ThenovelisaboutHiro,apizzadeliverymanbydayandaVRsuperherobynightwholivesinanonlineuniversecalledTheMetaverse.“Heisinacomputer-generateduniversethathiscomputerisdrawingontohisglassesandpullingintohisearphones,”thenovelsaysofthecitythateveryonepopsintoinVR.Theidearingsinmanyotherworks,forexample,inReadyPlayerOnedirectedbyStevenSpielberg.Inrecentyears,metaversehasbecomethelatestpopularwordtocapturethetechindustry’simaginationsomuchthatoneofthebest-knownInternetplatformsisrenamedtoembracethefuturisticidea-FacebookCEO

17MarkZuckerbergrecentlyannouncedthathechangedhiscompany’snametoMeta.Techcompaniesarealsodedicatedtoexploringmetaverse-relatedproducts.Facebookhaslaunchedmeetingsoftwareforcompanies,calledHorizonWorkrooms,tousewithVRheadsets.Theheadsetscost$300ormore,puttingthemetaverse’smostcutting-edge(尖端的)experiencesoutofreachformany.Foruserswhocanaffordit,theycanenterthevirtualworldscreatedbydifferentcompanies.FansofmetaverseseeitasthenextstageinthedevelopmentoftheInternet.So,doyouexpectthecomingofmetaverse?17．Whatcanbeinferredaboutmetaverse?A．Itisavideogamelikereallife.B．Itisaparalleluniverseimaginedbyscientists.C．Itgivesusareallifeinavirtualworld.D．Itcanprotectyourselffromapandemic.19．WhydidFacebookCEOuseMetaashiscompany’sname?A．Metaversehasbecomemorepopular.B．Helivesinavirtualworldeveryday.C．Facebookisthebest-knownInternetplatform.D．Hehasacceptedtheideaofmetaverse.（2022·新疆·布尔津县高级中学一模）Iwantedtosharethestoryofsomeoneinmycommunity.AlexandIhavebeenprettygoodfriendsforyears.Hewasraisedinaprettyabusivehome,andgrewupwithmajordepressionandanxiety.Hetalksabouthisstoryallthetimetohelpotherteens.Alexhastrulychangedhislifearoundtohelpotherpeopleandweareallsogladforthat.Hestartedanorganizationtohelphomelesspeople.Hehasteensfromacrosstheworldmailhimstoriesofhopeorfunnypicturesthattheydrewandhegoesaroundandgiveshomelesspeoplethosethingsalongwithfoodorsomething.Theylovereceivingdrawingsandlettersbecausetheyfeelgreatknowingthatsomeonetooktimetodothatforthem.Alexalsowroteabooktoinspireteens.Hewantsotherteenagerstoseewhathe’sgonethroughsotheyfeelinspiredtomakeachangeintheirlives.AlexisanextremelyinspirationalpersonandthisbookwillhelpteensinsimilarsituationsasAlexwasin.Alexhaswonthreeawardsforeverythinghedid.Hewonaninspirationalpeople’sawardthroughalocalorganization;hewontheYouthServiceAmerica’severydayheroawardandhewonaCanadianawesomeaward.He’schanginglivesandhereallydeservestheseawards.Alex’slatestaccomplishmentisthestartoftheNationalYouthInternetSafetyandCyberBullyingTaskForce.Ican’tbelievehowmanyfamilieshe’saffected.It’ssomuchworkjusttohelppeoplehedoesn’tknowbutAlexlovesit.Ibelievethatyoungstarsarenotjustsingersandactors.Ibelievetheyarealsotheyouthchangingourworld.Therearenotmanyteensthatchoosetochangetheworldaround,butAlexisdefinitelyoneofthem.25．WhatcanwelearnaboutAlex’schildhood?27．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlex?

18A．Ambitiousandsuccessful.B．Patientandamazing.C．Encouragingandselfless.D．Outgoingandgenerous.28．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．YourVoice.B．CampusLife.C．NewsExpress.D．MagicWorld.（2022·河南·模拟预测）Theyogurtthat’spastitssell-bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(放)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheU.N.’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich,”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastevicedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(N.R.D．C．),“you’realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”Thatincludesnotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(化肥)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.31．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.