2022-2023学年高一英语必修一单元精练Unit 2 单元话题阅读理解专项练（外研版2019）

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Unit2单元话题阅读理解专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022·山东·泰安市基础教育教学研究室高一期末）ElementsofLatinhavemadetheirwayintomanywesterncountries.Datavaries,butasmuchas70%ofwordsinEnglishhaveaLatinorGreekroot.Bylearningmoreabouttheserootsandhowtheycombine(结合)tocreatewords,youwillhaveanadvantageinunderstandingnewwords,evenifyou’veneverseenthembefore.Thegreatthingisthatit’snothardtolearntheserootsandrecognizethepatterns.You’renotlearningthewholelanguagewithitsgrammaranddifficultpoints.YoujustneedtomemorizesomepartsofthevocabularythatyouoftenseeinEnglish.Sohowdowordrootswork?Everywordhasaroot.Thispartcontainsthekeytoaword’smeaning.Taketheword“happy”,forexample.Thiswordonlycontainstheroot,whichmeansfullofjoy.There’snothingmoretothemeaningofthewordinthisform.Somewords,however,haveextraparts.Wecalltheseaffixes(词缀),includingprefixes,thepartattachedbeforetheroot,andsuffixes,thepartattachedbehindtheroot.Basedontheadditionalmeaningoftheprefixesandsuffixes,themeaningofthefinalwordwillbeshapedtomeansomethingnew.Taketheword“autobiography”forexample.Therootis“bio”,meaninglife.Youmayhavenoticedthatmanywordswith“bio”havesomethingtodowithlifeorlivingbeings—biology,biography,andsoon.Whenthesuffixes“graph”,meaningtowrite,isaddedtoit,itmeansastoryaboutsomeone’sorsomething’slife.“Auto”meansbyoneself.Altogether,an“autobiography”isastoryaboutaperson’slife,writtenbythepersonhimselforherself.Inaword,abettergraspofwordrootscanmakeyouunderstandtheEnglishlanguagebetter,andwillhelpyouwithyourvocabularyrecognitionandmemoryskills.1．What’sneededtounderstandnewwordswithroots?A．AgoodunderstandingofLatinorGreek.B．Afullunderstandingofgrammar.C．Theabilitytorecognizedifferentpartsofwords.D．TheabilitytospeakvariousWesternlanguage.2．Whatdoweknowabouttheroots?A．Itcan’tformawordbyitself.B．Itisanecessarypartofaword.

1C．Itismoreimportantthanaffixes.D．Ithasarelativelysimplemeaning.3．Whatisthemeaningof“biochemistry”?A．Thesciencethatisrelatedtolivingthings.B．Apersonwhodoesresearchaboutchemistry.C．Apersonwhodoesresearchaboutlivingthings.D．Thestudyofchemicalreactionsoccurringinlivingthings.4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Secretofunderstandingnewwords.B．Latin’swayintoWesternlanguage.C．Amazingpowerofaffixes.D．Tipsonlanguageexams.（2022·湖北·华中师大一附中高一开学考试）BurlingtonSchool,LondonBurlingtonSchoolislocatedinParsonsGreen,15minutesbyundergroundfromthecentreofLondon.Ourstandardofteachingishigh,withcoursesinGeneralandSpecialistEnglish.Thecoffeebarisopenalldayservingfreshly-cookedmeals,andtheschoolorganizesarangeofsocialactivitiestocomplement(补充)theclasses.Studentsliveeitherinhomestaysorinoneofourhotels.SeeBurlingtonSchoolcoursesandsave10%.UniversityofLiverpool,EnglishLanguageCentreYoucanhaveconfidenceintheUniversityofLiverpool.Whilestudyinghere,youwillbenefitfrommodernEnglishteachingmethodsinsmallclassesoffewerthan16students.SeeUniversityofLiverpoolcoursesandsave12%.InteractiveEnglishSchool,BrightonWeareasmallfriendlyschool.Beingasmallschoolmeanswecancaterforyourindividualneedsmoreeasilythanlargerschoolscan.Allofourteachersarenativespeakers,qualifiedandexperienced.Ourpricesareveryaffordableandstartfrom60perweekforfull-timecoursesof12lessons.SeeInteractiveEnglishSchoolcoursesandsave5%.NewSchoolofEnglish,CambridgeTheNewSchoolofEnglishislocatedinthebeautifulcityofCambridge.TheschoolisopenallyearandprovidesarangeofEnglishlanguagecoursesforadultsagedatleast16fromallovertheworld.ThesecoursescoverGeneralEnglishaswellascoursesforprofessionalslookingtofocusonspecifictopicareas.Theyhavea

2rangeofaccommodationchoicesforstudents.SeeNewSchoolofEnglishcoursesandsave5%.5．WhatcanweknowaboutBurlingtonSchool?A．Itisopenallyear.B．ItislocatedinParsonsGreen,London.C．Itprovidesnoaccommodation.D．Itoffersnosocialpracticeclasses.6．Whichschoolcanprovidemorepersonalizedcourses?A．BurlingtonSchool.B．NewSchoolofEnglish.C．UniversityofLiverpool.D．InteractiveEnglishSchool.7．Whocouldbeinterestedintheschools?A．Englishprofessors.B．Frenchspeakers.C．ForeignEnglishlearners.D．Foreigntravelagents.（2022·上海·格致中学高一期中）Formorethan600years,Englishspeakersused“because”asaconjunctionmeaning“forthereasonthat,”dutifullyfollowingitwithafullclauseofexplanation(oratleastthewordof).Then,afewyearsago,thisoldwordsuddenlybeganburstingwithnewlife,aspeoplestartedusingitinamannerthatdisobeyedallgrammaticalrules:Howdoyouknowclimatechangeisreal?“Becausescience.”Whyareyousleepy?“Becausewine.”Academicsbecamenervouslyexcited,debatingwhether“because”hadevolvedintoaprepositionandifso,whichtypesofnounswouldappropriatelyfitthisnewconstruction.Buttherewaslittledisagreementonthedrivingforcebehindthechange.ThetitleofGretchenMcCulloch'snewbook,“BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage”,isinhonorofthiskindoflinguisticchange—evolutionmadepossiblebythedominanceofthewebandthenever-before-seenexplosionofinformalwritingthathascomewithit.Heraimistoexplainhowtheinternethasshapedlanguage.McCullochisaninternetlinguist,andherbookaboutinternetlanguageis,fittingly,amixturedrawnfromacademicandinternetcultures.Insomemeasure,BecauseInternetoffersahistoryoftheWebalongwithanintroductiontolinguisticsandasurveyofthemostfascinatingresearchfromherfield,includingastudythattookadvantageofgeotagsonsocialmediatoshowhownewwordsspreadfromplacetoplace.Herworkisalsoawell-researchedretort(反驳)togrammarianswhothinktechnologyistoblameforwhykidsareengaginginwhatgrammariansbelievearelazy,senselesstalks.Onthecontrary,sheargues,it’smakingusmorecreativeinourwritingthaneverbefore.Theformal,unemotionalwritingwewerealltaughtintheclassroomsimplywon'tdoinplacesdesignedfor

3virtualcommunications,McCullochexplains.Andshebreaksdownthemanywayswe’vemanagedtousekeyboardstorestorethedynamismofface-to-faceinteraction.Forastart:WetapallcapswhenweFEELLIKESHOUTING.Weusetheabbreviationlolnotjusttomean“laughingoutloud”butalsotogetoutofawkwardsituationsortoofferempathy.Andwelengthenwordstoshowjusthowmuchwefeeeeeeeeel.8．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingexamplesbestreflectshowpeopleusetheword“because”nowadayswhenansweringthequestion“whywereyoulateforschoolthismorning?”A．Becausethetrafficwasbad.B．Becauseofthetraffic.C．Becausetraffic.D．BecauseIgotstuckinatrafficjam.9．Thebook“BecauseInternet"informsitsreadersabout________.A．howtokeeppacewiththeevolutionoflanguageB．howtohaveeffectivecommunicationonlineC．howtoorganizemeaningfulsentencesinEnglishD．howtousenewwordsandsignalsonsocialmedia10．GretchenMcCullochbelievesthewaywetalkhaschangedbecause________.A．wehavedevelopedabbreviationstoreplacemanywordsB．wecannolongershowouridentitythroughthelanguageweuseC．theexplosionofinformalwritinginvirtualcommunicationhasevolvedthelanguageD．today'skidsarenottaughtatschoolhowtocommunicatewithothers（2022·全国·高一课时练习）NowadaysChinaplaysanincreasinglysignificantroleinworldpolitics,economyandcultureintegration.Asoneofthemostpopularlanguagesintheworld,EnglishhavemanydifferencesbetweenChinese.ThisisabriefintroductionofthedifferencesinChineseandEnglishGrammartohelpthosewhohavesomebasisinChinesetolearnthislanguageeasier.1.Englishemphasizesonthestructure,whilesChinesefocusesonthemeaning.InEnglish,severalmeaningscanbeexpressedclearlywithcomplicatedstructureinjustonesentence.InChinese,asentenceisusuallyshortwithlittlemodifier(修饰语),oritwillcauseconfusioninmeaning.2.Whenexpressingthemeaning,longsentenceisregularlyusedinEnglishandshortsentenceisusedinChinese.Frompointoneabove,wecouldconcludethatEnglishsentencesareusuallylongandChinesesentencesareusuallyshort.Oneshould“Getthemeaning,forgetthewords”inChineselearning.3.IthasmanyclausesinEnglishsentenceswhichareoftenseparatedinsmallsentencesinChinesewayofexpression.InanEnglishsentence,exceptsomemodifiers,ithasalotofclauseswhichmakesasentencemuch

4morecomplicated.InChinese,onemeaningisusuallyexpressedinseparatedsentencesconnectingwithcomma.4.InEnglishpeopleusepronounsalot,butinChinesepeopleoftenusenoun.InEnglish,peoplenotonlyuse“we”,“you”,“she”,“they”,butalsouse“that”and“which”tokeepasentencewellstructuredandclearly,andavoidrepeatmeaning.Duetoshortsentencestructure,apronouniscommonlyreplacedbyanouninChineseexpression.5.ThepassivevoiceisoftenusedinEnglishexpression;InChinese,oneusuallyusestheactivevoice.ThepassivevoiceiswidelyusedinEnglish,especiallyinsomescientificarticles.Forexample,“Itis(always)stressedthat...”isgenerallyexpressedas“People(always)stressthat...”inChinese.11．Whoisthepassagedesignedfor?A．ForeignerswhoteachChineseB．ForeignerswholearnChineseC．ForeignerswholiveinChinaD．ForeignerswhovisitChina12．WhatwillhappenifasentenceinChineseistoolong?A．Thesentence’smeaningcanbeexpressedmoreclearly.B．Therewillbemistakesinthesentences.C．Thestructureofthissentenceiswrong.D．Thesentenceislikelytobeconfusing.13．ThefollowingoptionsarecorrectEXCEPT________.A．TheactivevoiceisoftenusedinChineseexpression.B．PronounsareusedinEnglishfrequently.C．Chineseprefersclausestosmallsentences.D．EnglishsentencesareusuallylongerthanChinesesentences.14．WhichismoreinlinewithEnglishexpressionhabitsaccordingtothepassage？A．Teaisenjoyedbypeopleworldwideanditisgoodforhealth.B．Peopleenjoydrinkingteaworldwideanditisgoodforhealth.C．Teaisenjoyedbypeopleworldwideandteaisgoodforhealth.D．Peopleenjoydrinkingteaworldwideandteaisgoodforhealth.（2022·广东·惠州市惠阳区泰雅实验学校高一期中）Oneisnotbornabletospeakalanguage.Oneisbornabletomakeanoise.IhaveheardbabiescryinAmericaandinChina.Ican’ttellanydifference.ButwhenIhearsomeonefromAmericaspeakEnglishandhearsomeonespeakChinese,Icantellyoutherearealotof

5differences.IbelieveacommonproblemwithChinesestudents’learningEnglishisthattheywerenottaughttothinkinEnglish.TheyhaveanideaspokeninEnglishandwanttotranslatetheideaintoChinese,thentheythinkinChineseoftheproperreplyandtranslateitintoEnglish.Afteralongperiodofspeakingthelanguage,onebeginstothinkintheforeignlanguagenaturally.YouwilllearnfasterifyoubegintothinkinEnglishattheverybeginningofyourstudy.Manystudentsaskme:WhatcanIdotoimprovemyspokenEnglish?Myreplyis:ThemoreEnglishyouspeak,thebetterEnglishyouwillspeak.TherearemanythingsyoucandotoimproveyourspokenEnglish.Ofcourse,thebestwayistolivewhereEnglishisspokenasalanguageofthecountry.15．ThecriesofAmericanandChinesebabiesare_______.A．differentB．thesameC．notlikeeachotherD．likeeachother16．Theunderlinedsentence(inParagraph2)meansthat_______.A．someteachersdidn’tteachstudentstothinkinEnglishB．teachersnevergavethestudentsthewayoflearningEnglishC．studentsdidn’trememberthewayteacherstaughtthemD．teachersdidn’twanttheirstudentstothinkinEnglish17．Theunderlinedword“they”(inParagraph2)refersto“_______”.A．ChinesestudentsB．EnglishstudentsC．ChineseteachersD．Englishteachers（2022·福建三明·高一期末）Americansoftentrytosaythingsasquicklyaspossible.So,forsomeexpressions,weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsavingeachword.Manycommonexpressionsorlongnamesareshortenedthisway.B-Y-O-Bisashortwayofsaying,“BringYourOwnBottle.”ThelettersBYOBareoftenfoundatthebottomofawritteninvitationtoasimplesocial,eventorgatheringoffriends.Forexample,let’ssayIhadaNewYear’sEveparty.Imightincludeontheinvitation.“PleasecometomypartyandBYOB．”Thebottleeachpersonbringsiswhatthepersonwantstodrinkatthepartyorwantstoshare.However,aninvitationtoaspecialevent-suchasawedding-wouldneversayBYOB．Aninvitationtoanofficialorveryspecialeventoftenhasotherletterswrittenatthebottom.ThelettersareR-S-V-P.TheselettersrepresenttheFrenchexpression“RepondezS'ilVousPlait.”InEnglishthewordsmean“RespondIfItPleasesYou.”Americansusethelettersasashortwaytosay,“Pleaseanswerthisinvitation.”AnotherexpressionusuallyusedforbusinessandnotpartiesisA-S-A-P.So,acolleaguemightsaysheneeds

6somethingdoneASAP.Itmeansassoonaspossible.ShemightalsoneedsomethingdonebyC-O-B．Thatmeansshewantstofinishitby“CloseOfBusiness”ortheendoftheworkday.Beginninglettersareoftenusedtorepresentthenamesofuniversities.AfamousoneisMIT.ThatisshortfortheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.AnothermajoruniversityisUCLA．Almostnooneeversaysitsrealname,theUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Thattakeswaytoolong!18．WhydoAmericanslikeusingthefirstlettersofthewords?A．Theywanttosavetime.B．Theythinkitinteresting.C．Theylikedoingthingsdifferently.D．Theylovecreatingnewexpressions.19．Whichofthefollowingmayacoupleuseintheirweddinginvitations?A．B-Y-O-B．B．B．R-S-V-P.C．A-S-A-P.D．C-O-B．20．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bylistingexamples.C．Byfollowingtimeorder.D．Bymakingcomparisons.21．Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A．Todescribetheunpopularityoftheformallanguage.B．Toexplaintheusageofsomedailyexpressions.C．ToadvisepeopletospeakmoresimpleEnglish.D．TointroduceoneoftheAmericans’languagehabits.（2020·安徽蚌埠·高一期末）ForeignvisitorstotheUKmightbedisappointedwhentheylearnthatnoteveryonetherespeakslikeHarryPotterandhisfriends.Usually,there’sanassumptionbymanynon-BritsthateveryoneinBritainspeakswithwhat’sknownasaReceivedPronunciationaccent,alsocalled“theQueen’sEnglish”.However,whilemanypeopledotalkthisway,mostBritonsspeakintheirownregionalaccents.Scouse,GlaswegianandBlackCountrydialect-fromLiverpool,GlasgowandtheWestMidlands-arejustthreeofthecountlessnon-RPaccentsthatBritishpeoplespeakwith.Thereareevendifferencesinaccentsbetweentownsorcitiesjust30kilometersapart.WhatisevenmoredisappointingisthatnotspeakinginaRPaccentmaymeanaBritishpersonisjudgedandeventreateddifferentlyintheireverydaylife.InastudybyTheUniversityofSouthWales,videosofpeoplereadingapassageinthreedifferentUKaccentswereshowntoasecondgroupofpeople.Thegroupthenratedhowintelligenttheythoughtthereaderssounded.Thelowest-ratedaccentwasBrummie,nativetopeoplefromBirmingham,acitywhoseaccentisconsideredworkingclass.However,thereisnoneedtobedisappointedthoughyouarenotspeakinginanRPaccent.Infact,doingtheoppositemayevengiveyoustrength.

7KongSeong-jae,25,isfromSeoul.AfterstudyingintheUK,hepickedupseveralregionalaccents.He’snowfamousforhisonlinevideos,whereheshowsoffthevariousaccentshe’slearned.“BritishpeopleusuallygetreallyexcitedwhenIusesomeoftheirlocaldialectwords,andtheybecomemuchfriendlier.Ithinkitmakesabitofbondbetweenlocalpeopleandforeignerstospeakintheirlocalaccent,”hesaid.Soifyou’reworkingonperfectingyourBritishaccent,trytospeaklikesomeonefromLiverpool,GlasgoworBirmingham.YoumaynotsoundlikeHarryPotter,butyouarelikelytomakemorefriends.22．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A．MostBritonsspeaktheQueen’sEnglish.B．ForeignvisitorsaredisappointedattheirownspokenEnglish.C．Non-BritsusuallyholdthatallBritonsspeakinaRPaccent.D．ThedialectislessimportantthantheRPaccent.23．WhatdopeoplethinkoftheBrummieaccent?A．ItisclosesttotheRPaccent.B．Itissmartandeasytounderstand.C．Itbelongstothepeopleoftheworkingclass.D．ItispreferredbyforeignvisitorstotheUK.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“doingtheopposite”inParagraph3referto?A．SpeakingwiththeRPaccent.B．Speakingwithregionalaccents.C．SpeakingwiththeBrummieaccent.D．SpeakinglikeHarryPotter.25．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．HowmuchBritishpeoplevaluetheRPaccent.B．AcomparisonbetweendifferentBritishaccent.C．SomefactsabouttheRPaccentandregionalaccentsinBritain.D．AstudyaboutthemostintelligentaccentinBritain.

8参考答案：1．C    2．B    3．D    4．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英语中的词根在英语学习方面的重要作用。通过学习更多关于这些词根以及它们如何结合从而创造单词，你在理解新词方面会有优势，即使你以前从未见过它们。1．细节理解题。根据第三段“YoujustneedtomemorizesomepartsofthevocabularythatyouoftenseeinEnglish.(你只需要记住一些你在英语中经常看到的词汇的一些部分。)”可知，用词根理解生词需要拥有识别单词不同部分的能力，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第五段“Everywordhasaroot.(每个词都有词根。)”可知，词根是构成一个单词必不可少的一部分，故选B。3．词句猜测题。根据第七段“Youmayhavenoticedthatmanywordswith“bio”havesomethingtodowithlifeorlivingbeings(你可能已经注意到，许多带有“生物”的词与生命或生物有关)”以及“chemistry(化学)”可知，“biochemistry”的意思应当同时含有生物和化学的意思，故选D。4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Bylearningmoreabouttheserootsandhowtheycombinetocreatewords,youwillhaveanadvantageinunderstandingnewwords,evenifyou’veneverseenthembefore.(通过更多地了解这些词根以及它们如何组合来创造单词，你将在理解新词方面拥有优势，即使你以前从未见过它们。)”以及结合下文内容可知，全文主要讲述词根在学习英文单词方面的优势，故选A。5．B    6．D    7．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了英国四所语言学校的相关信息。5．细节理解题。根据BurlingtonSchool,London中的“BurlingtonSchoolislocatedinParsonsGreen,15minutesbyundergroundfromthecentreofLondon.(伯灵顿学校位于帕森斯格林，从伦敦市中心乘坐地铁15分钟)”可知BurlingtonSchool位于伦敦的帕森斯格林，故选B。6．细节理解题。根据InteractiveEnglishSchool,Brighton中的“Beingasmallschoolmeanswecancaterforyourindividualneedsmoreeasilythanlargerschoolscan.(作为一个小学校意味着我们可以比大学校更容易满足你的个人需求)”可知InteractiveEnglishSchool可以提供更个性化的课程，故选D。7．推理判断题。根据文章对四个学校的介绍，我们知道这四所是位于英国的英语学习学校。由此推知，外国英语学习者会对这些学校感兴趣。故选C。8．C    9．A    10．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过实例表明互联网塑造了语言的演变。8．判断推理题。由文第一段第二句“Then,afewyearsago,thisoldwordsuddenlybeganburstingwithnewlife,aspeoplestartedusingitinamannerthatdisobeyedallgrammaticalrule”（然后，几年前，这个古老的文字突然充斥生活，因为人们开始不按照语法规则使用它）可知，能够反映当前人们使用方式的是不遵循语法规则的选项，because后跟名词前应加介词of，故选C项。9．细节理解题。由文第二段第二句“Heraimistoexplainhowtheinternethasshapedlanguage.”（作者的目的是解释网络塑造语言的方式）可知，这本书想告诉读者语言的演变，故选A项。

910．细节理解题。由文第二段最后一句““BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage”,isinhonorofthiskindoflinguisticchange——evolutionmadepossiblebythedominanceofthewebandthenever-before-seenexplosionofinformalwritingthathascomewithit.”（《因为网络：理解语言新规则》这本书就是纪念这种语言改变，这种改变因为网络的统治以及随之而来的前所未见的非正式书写的爆炸式出现而成为可能）可知，本书作者认为我们讲话的方式改变是因为非正式书写的爆炸式增加，故选C项。11．B    12．D    13．C    14．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中英文之间的一些语法差别，从而帮助有一定汉语基础的同学更好地掌握汉语。11．推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThisisabriefintroductionofthedifferencesinChineseandEnglishGrammartohelpthosewhohavesomebasisinChinesetolearnthislanguageeasier.(本文就中英文语法的差异做一简要介绍，以帮助有一定汉语基础的同学更好地掌握汉语。)”可知，本文主要是帮助有一定汉语基础的同学更好地掌握汉语而设计的。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“InChinese,asentenceisusuallyshortwithlittlemodifier(修饰语),oritwillcauseconfusioninmeaning.(在汉语中，句子通常很短，很少使用修饰语，否则会造成意思混淆。)”可知，如果一个中文句子太长会造成意思混淆。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“InanEnglishsentence,exceptsomemodifiers,ithasalotofclauseswhichmakesasentencemuchmorecomplicated.InChinese,onemeaningisusuallyexpressedinseparatedsentencesconnectingwithcomma.(在英语句子中，除了一些修饰语外，还有很多从句，这使得句子更加复杂。在汉语中，一个意思通常用逗号连接的句子来表达。)”可知，英国人喜欢从句而不喜欢小句子。故C项错误。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThepassivevoiceisoftenusedinEnglishexpression;InChinese,oneusuallyusestheactivevoice.ThepassivevoiceiswidelyusedinEnglish,especiallyinsomescientificarticles.Forexample,“Itis(always)stressedthat...”isgenerallyexpressedas“People(always)stressthat...”inChinese.(被动语态在英语表达中经常使用;在汉语中，人们通常使用主动语态。被动语态在英语中广泛使用，尤其是在一些科学文章中。例如，“(总是)强调……，通常表达为“人们(总是)强调……””在中国。)”可知，A选项“Teaisenjoyedbypeopleworldwideanditisgoodforhealth.(茶被世界各地的人们所喜爱，它对健康有益。)”符合英国人的表达。故选A。15．B    16．A    17．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国学生学习英语的问题在于没有学会用英语思维进行思考，但你可以做很多事情来提高你的英语口语。当然，最好的办法是住在说英语的国家。15．细节理解题。根据第一段中“IhaveheardbabiescryinAmericaandinChina.Ican’ttellanydifference.(我在美国和中国都听过婴儿哭。我看不出有什么不同)”可知，美国婴儿与中国婴儿的哭声是一样的，故选B。16．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“TheyhaveanideaspokeninEnglishandwanttotranslatetheideaintoChinese,thentheythinkinChineseoftheproperreplyandtranslateitinto

10English.”可知，他们有一个用英语说出来的想法，想把这个想法翻译成中文，然后用中文思考合适的回答，然后把它翻译成英文，由此可知，中国学生学习英语的普遍问题是老师没有教他们用英语的思维思考，故选A。17．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“IbelieveacommonproblemwithChinesestudents’learningEnglishisthattheywerenottaughttothinkinEnglish.”可知，中国学生学习英语的一个普遍问题是，他们没有被教用英语思考，他们有一个用英语说出来的想法，想把这个想法翻译成中文，然后用中文思考合适的回答，然后把它翻译成英文。故they在本段指中国学生，故选A。18．A    19．B    20．B    21．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在美国日常生活中，人们为了方便经常使用省略说法，并详细列举了诸多例子加以说明。18．细节理解题。根据第一段“Americansoftentrytosaythingsasquicklyaspossible.So,forsomeexpressions,weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsavingeachword.Manycommonexpressionsorlongnamesareshortenedthisway.(美国人经常试图尽可能快地说话。所以，对于一些短语，我们使用单词的首字母，而不是保存每个单词。许多常见的表达或较长的名字都是这样缩短的。)”可知，美国人为了方便和快捷，经常用单词的首字母表达，故选A。19．细节理解题。根据第二段“However,aninvitationtoaspecialevent-suchasawedding-wouldneversayBYOB.Aninvitationtoanofficialorveryspecialeventoftenhasotherletterswrittenatthebottom.ThelettersareR-S-V-P.(然而，参加特殊活动的邀请函——比如婚礼——永远不会写BYOB。一份官方邀请函或特别活动的邀请函通常会在底部写上其他的字母。字母是R-S-V-P)”可知，婚礼属于特殊活动所以它的邀请函通常会写上R-S-V-P，故选B。20．推理判断题。根据第二段“Forexample,let’ssayIhadaNewYear’sEveparty.Imightincludeontheinvitation.(例如，假设我有一个新年前夜的派对。我可能会把它写在邀请函上。)”，第三段“However,aninvitationtoaspecialevent-suchasawedding-wouldneversayBYOB.(然而，参加特殊活动的邀请函——比如婚礼——永远不会写BYOB。)”,第四段“AnotherexpressionusuallyusedforbusinessandnotpartiesisA-S-A-P.So,acolleaguemightsaysheneedssomethingdoneASAP.(另一个通常用于商业而不是聚会的短语是A-S-A-P。所以，同事可能会说她需要尽快完成某件事。)”以及最后一段推知，文章通过举例说明美国日常生活中单词的一些缩写，故选B。21．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Americansoftentrytosaythingsasquicklyaspossible.So,forsomeexpressions,weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsavingeachword.Manycommonexpressionsorlongnamesareshortenedthisway.(美国人经常试图尽可能快地说话。所以，对于一些短语，我们使用单词的首字母，而不是保存每个单词。许多常见的表达或较长的名字都是这样缩短的。)”及下文的详细例子，可知文章讲述了在美国日常生活中，人们为了方便经常使用省略说法，所以这篇文章就是给我们介绍了一种美国的语言习惯，故选D。22．C    23．C    24．B    25．C

11【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就英国人的口音说明了一些事实，包括标准口音和地方口音和外国人学习英国口音的例子。22．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Usually,there’sanassumptionbymanynon-BritsthateveryoneinBritainspeakswithwhat’sknownasaReceivedPronunciationaccent,alsocalled“theQueen’sEnglish”.(通常，许多非英国人都认为英国人说话都是标准发音，也被称为“标准英语”)”可知，非英国人通常认为所有英国人说话都是标准口音。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thelowest-ratedaccentwasBrummie,nativetopeoplefromBirmingham,acitywhoseaccentisconsideredworkingclass.(排名最低的口音是伯明翰口音，是伯明翰人的母语，伯明翰人的口音被认为是工人阶级口音)”可知，人们认为伯明翰口音属于工人阶级人民。故选C。24．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“However,thereisnoneedtobedisappointedthoughyouarenotspeakinginanRPaccent.”可知，即使你说的不是标准口音，也没有必要感到失望，说明此处是在说明说话带有地方口音甚至会给你力量。故画线词指的是“说话带有地方口音”。故选B。25．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ForeignvisitorstotheUKmightbedisappointedwhentheylearnthatnoteveryonetherespeakslikeHarryPotterandhisfriends.Usually,there’sanassumptionbymanynon-BritsthateveryoneinBritainspeakswithwhat’sknownasaReceivedPronunciationaccent,alsocalled“theQueen’sEnglish”.However,whilemanypeopledotalkthisway,mostBritonsspeakintheirownregionalaccents.(到英国来的外国游客可能会失望，因为他们知道英国不是每个人说话都像哈利·波特和他的朋友们一样。通常，许多非英国人都认为英国人说话都是标准发音，也被称为“标准英语”。然而，虽然很多人都这么说，但大多数英国人都有自己的地区口音)”结合文章主要就英国人的口音说明了一些事实，包括标准口音和地方口音和外国人学习英国口音的例子。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是关于英国标准口音和地区口音的一些事实。故选C。