虚拟语气

《虚拟语气》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

Thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气1

1虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念2

2一、条件句中的虚拟语气if条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去相反的假设与将来相反的假设If+主语+did（动词be用were)主语+would/should/might/could＋doIf+主语+haddone主语＋would/should/might/could＋havedone1、If+主语+did2、If+主语+wereto+do3、If+主语+should+do主语＋would/should/might/could＋do3

3在条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式．IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder.WereIyou,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadstudiedhard,youwouldn’thavefailed.IfIshouldlosemyjobtomorrow,whatwouldIdo?Hadyoustudiedhard,youwouldn’thavefailed.ShouldIlosemyjobtomorrow,whatwouldIdo?4

4当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyoufollowedmyadvicenow,youwouldbebettertomorrow.5

5含蓄条件句Wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkwithoutyourhelp.Burfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting.6

6S1:IfIwereyou,Iwouldfollowhisadvice.S2:If...followedhisadvice,...wouldsolvetheproblemquickly.S3:If...solvedtheproblemquickly...Playagame:Practice7

7二、名词从句中的虚拟语气1.宾语从句（1)wish后面的宾语从句中。现在did过去haddone将来would/coulddo8

8(2.)用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireMarysuggestedthateveryone(should)learnEnglishwell.Maryinsistedthateveryone(should)practicehandwriting.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示”坚持说”之意时，应用陈述语气。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappy.Theboyinsistedthathehadfinishedhishomework.9

9suggestion/proposal/order/advice/request/demand等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形”,should可以省略．2.表语从句和同位语从句Mydemandisthateveryone(should)finishEnglishhomeworkcarefully.Theyallagreetothesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.10

103.主语从句itis+过去分词/adj/nthat…Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required/insisted/requestedthat….(should)+doItissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.B.Itisimportant/necessary/strange/naturalthat....(should)+doIt’sstrangethatsheshoulddoso.C.Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat…(should)doIt’sapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance.11

111.Itis(high)timethat…shoulddo/did三、虚拟语气在其他从句中Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.2.Ifonly…IfonlyIwereyou!IfonlyIhadstudiedhardbefore!3.asif/asthough…12

124.wouldrather(that)…Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruthnow.IwouldratherIhadn’tdoneitbefore.5.ifitwerenotfor…ifithadnotbeenfor…Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddieIfithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.13

13四.情态动词+havedonecouldhavedone本来可以---mighthavedone本来可能---should/oughttohavedone本来应该做---shouldn’t/oughtnottohavedone本不该做--needhavedone/needn’thavedone比较：didn’tneedtodo没必要做也没有做---Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.14