英语语言学考研试题_精品考研试题一[1]

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1、语言学精品试题Oneofthemainfeaturesofourhumanlanguageisarbitrariness.Canyoubrieflyexplainwhatisthisfeaturerefersto?Giveexamplesifnecessary(10points).<北师大2003年试题）　　2Inenglishwecandescribeastoryas"asuccessfulstory"or"asuccessstory".Doyouthinktheymeanthesame?Pl

2、easeexplainandgiveyourreasons(10points),<同上》　　3Expainthefollowingterms,givingexampleswherenecessary.(50points)<中山2003》designfeaturemacrolinguisticsvowelminimalpairfolketymologyaspect　　anophorerroranalysisrmetaphor　　4Languagecanchangethroughblending,m

3、etanalysis,back-formation,analogicalcreationandborrowing.Givetwoenglishwordsforeachofthem(5points)清华2000年试题　　5Answerthefollowingquestionbriefly.clearly,grammaticallyandcorrectly.(10Points)湖南师大2003年　　Whatisitwrongtoassumethatthemeaningofasentenceisthe

4、sumofthemeaningofthewordswhichcomposeit?　　7Definethefollowingterms.(10points)中国海洋大学1999　　Phoneme,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentricconstruction,semantics,hyponymy,language,designfeature　　8Definethefollowingterms.(20points)苏州大学1997allophone

5、morphemeassimilationinternalauthorityinterlanguagephaticcommunion　　closed-classwordgovernmentsemanticatriangiclinguafranca　　Whatisthemaingrammaticaldifferencebetweenasentenceandaclause?同上　　6Translateintochineseandexemplifyeachofthefollowing.(10points

6、)　　Example:dialectalsynonyms　　Answer,方言同义词，Fallandautumnaredialectalsynonyms.　　homography　　homophony　　gradableoppositesendocentricconstuction　　exocentricconstruction　　9大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部试题100POINTS　　Listthesiximportantcharacteristicsofhumanlanguage.　　

7、Whatarethetypesofmorphemes?　　Illustratethedeepandsurfacestructures.　　Whatdouknowaboutthesemanticfeatures?　　Howdoeslanguagechange?　　10Wordsinourmentallexiconareknowntoberelatedtooneanother.Discusstherelationshipsbetweenwords,usingexamplesfromtheenglis

8、hlanguage.(15points)北外2003年试题　　11Whatdoyouthinkarethesimilaritiesanddissimilaritiesbetweenlearningafirstandasecondlanguage?(30points)同上