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1、592SCHAECRTER,M.,MAALPIE,0.&KJELDGAARD,N.0.(1958).J.gen.Microbial.19,592-606DependencyonMediumandTemperatureofCelSizeandChemicalCompositionduringBalancedGrowthofSalmonellatyphimuriumBYM.SCHAECHTER,0.MAAL0EANDN.0.KJELDGAARDStateSerumInstitute,Copenhagen,DenmarkSUMMARY:Cellmass,th
2、eaveragenumberofnuclei/cellandthecontentofRNAandDNAwerestudiedinSalmonellatyphimuriumduringbalanced(steadystate)growthindifferentmedia.Thesequantitiescouldbedescribedasexponentialfunctionsofthegrowthratesaffordedbythevariousmediaatagiventemperature.Thesizeandchemicalcompositionc
3、haracteristicofagivenmediumwerenotin-fluencedbythetemperatureofcultivation.Thus,underconditionsofbalancedgrowth,thisorganismexistsinoneofalargenumberofpossiblestablephysiologicalstates.Thevariationsinmass/cellareduetochangesinthenumberofnuclei/cellaswellasinmass/nucleus.Anincrea
4、seinthenumberofribonucleoproteinparticlesathighergrowthratescould,itappears,largelyaccountfortheincreaseinmass/nucleus.CalculationsindicatethattherateofproteinsynthesisperunitRNAisnearlythesameatallgrowthrates.Itisaclassicobservationthatbacterialcellsincreaseinsizeduringthelagwh
5、ichprecedescelldivisioninanewly-inoculatedculture,andbecomesmalleragainduringtheperiodofdeclininggrowth(Henrici,1928).Itisalsowellknownthatincreaseinsizeandenrichmentinribonucleicacidgohandinhand(Malmgren&Hedh,1947;Morse&Carter,1949;Wade,1952;Gale&Folkes,1953).Previously,interes
6、thasbeenfocusedmainlyonthestrikingdifferencebetweenthesmall,non-dividingcellsofanoutgrowncultureandthelargerformstypicalofrapidgrowth.Hence,cellsareoftendescribedas‘resting’or‘exponentiallygrowing’andtheseconditionsimplicitlycon-sideredtobealternativephysiologicalstates.Wehavest
7、udiedcellsofSalmonellatyphimuriumduringunrestricted,bal-ancedgrowthinavarietyofmediaandatdifferenttemperatures,Theterm‘cell’isusedthroughoutthisandthefollowingpapertodenoteeitheracolony-formingunitoramicroscopicallyvisiblerod.Inbothcasestheunitmaycontainmorethanonenucleus.Theter
8、ms‘unrestrictedand‘balanced’aredefinedinthedisc
