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1、第27卷第5期环境科学Vol.27,No.52006年5月May,2006ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE生物活性炭流化床净化采油废水的效能及特性1,3231111李安婕,刘红,王文燕,全向春,张丹,李宗良(1.北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875;2.北京航空航天大学环境工程系,北京100083;31香港大学土木工程系,香港)摘要:为了解决采油废水生化处理难度大、处理效率低等问题,采用颗粒活性炭为载体的内循环流化床反应器工艺在好氧条件下净化采油废水.利用果壳粒状活性炭为载体,投配率为15%时
2、效果较好;最优化水力停留时间为5h.借助有机物的表征参数COD、UV254、UV410、有机酸以及GC/MS分析方法对该工艺净化采油废水中的有机物的能力进行了研究,结果表明,COD去除率在25%~45%之间波动,UV254、UV410和有机酸的平均去除率分别为8519%、7316%和5115%,含油量去除率可达2+-100%,但很难去除长链烷烃.研究还发现,由于采油废水中含有某些高浓度的无机离子,如Ca、Cl,占据了活性炭吸附活性中心,从而对活性炭吸附和降解有机物的性能产生不利影响;采油废水温度较高也是
3、影响生物活性炭处理效果的一个因素.关键词:采油废水;生物活性炭;流化床;活性炭中图分类号:X741文献标识码:A文章编号:025023301(2006)0520918206EfficiencyandCharacteristicofBiologicalActivatedCarbonFluidizedBedforOil2FieldWastewaterTreatment1,321111LIAn2jie,LIUHong,WANGWen2yan,QUANXiang2chun,ZHANGDan,LIZong2lia
4、ng(1.SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,BeihangUniversity,Beijing100083,China;31DepartmentofCivilEngineering,TheUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,China)Abstract:Inordertofindmethodtoimproveb
5、iodegradationofoil2fieldwastewater,thebiologicalactivatedcarbonfluidizedbed(BAC2FB)processforoil2fieldwastewatertreatmentinaerobicconditionisstudied.Theresultsshowthattheprocessdemonstratedhighestremovalratewithhullactivatedcarbon(AC)ascarrierandcarrierc
6、oncentrationof15%.TheoptimizedHRToftheprocessis5h.COD,UV254,UV410,organicacidandorganiccompounds(GC/MS)weredetectedastheindextoindicatetheefficiencyofoil2fieldwastewatertreatmentbythisprocess.TheresultsshowthattheremovalrateofCODrangefrom25%to45%.Theaver
7、ageremovalrateofUV254,UV410,organicacidis8519%,7316%,5115%respectively.Theremovalrateofoilcontentisalmost100%.However,alkaneisdifficulttoremovefromwastewater.Furthermore,highconcentrationinorganicmaterialssuchascalcium,chlorinewerefoundtoaccumulateonacti
8、vatedcarbonduringtreatmentprocess,whichisharmtoadsorptionandbiodegradationoforganiccompound.Hightemperatureofoil2fieldwastewaterisalsooneoffactorstoinhibitadsorptionandbiodegradationoforganiccompound.Keywords:oil2fieldwast