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1、Scienti¯cVisualizationandInformationArchitectureJohnP.BoydUniversityofMichiganAnnArbor,Michigan48109-2143email:jpboyd@engin.umich.eduhttp://www-personal.engin.umich.edu/»jpboyd/2000TOBEPUBLISHED12ContentsITheory11HowtoGraphBadlyorWhatNOTtoDo31.1Introduction..................

2、...................31.2Chartjunk......................................31.2.1Fonts....................................51.2.2Moir¶eShading...............................51.2.3Pseudo3-D.................................61.2.4Arti¯cialColor...............................71.2.5Hyp

3、e,I:Overinterpretation........................71.2.6Hype,II:GraphicalCarpetBombing...................91.3Wainer'sRulesforBadGraphs..........................121.4HighDataDensity.................................121.5Data-Hiding.....................................141.5.1Data-H

4、idingbyGraphingDisparateQuantitiesontheSameScale..161.6InconsistentVisualMetaphor...........................181.7Context-FreeData.................................181.8AreaInsteadofLengthasaVisualMetaphor..................191.9LabelWoes.....................................211

5、.10EmphasizetheUnimportant............................221.11UnnecessaryGraphicNovelty...........................242TheGospelAccordingtoTufte272.1Data-Ink.......................................272.1.1ShowtheData...............................282.1.2EmphasizetheData...........

6、.................282.1.3EraseNon-Data-InkorDownwiththeGrid!..............282.1.4EraseNon-Data-Ink:HurrahforHalf-Framing!.............342.1.5EraseNon-Data-Ink:ExampleoftheSimpli¯edBarGraph......352.1.6EraseRedundantData-Ink:SymmetryandWrap-AroundandAllThat362.1.7Erasing:Elimi

7、natingtheGraphEntirely.................392.1.8ReviseandEdit..............................412.2HighDataDensity.................................432.2.1TheShrinkPrinciple............................482.3MultifunctioningGraphicalElements.......................512.4SmallMultiples

8、orAnimations-on-a-Page....................562.5OnePlusOneIsThree...........