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1、Publishedin2010byBritannicaEducationalPublishing(atrademarkofEncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.)inassociationwithRosenEducationalServices,LLC29East21stStreet,NewYork,NY10010.Copyright©2010EncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.Britannica,EncyclopædiaBritannica,andtheThistlelo
2、goareregisteredtrademarksofEncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.Allrightsreserved.RosenEducationalServicesmaterialscopyright©2010RosenEducationalServices,LLC.Allrightsreserved.DistributedexclusivelybyRosenEducationalServices.ForalistingofadditionalBritannicaEducation
3、alPublishingtitles,calltollfree(800)237-9932.FirstEditionBritannicaEducationalPublishingMichaelI.Levy:ExecutiveEditorMarilynL.Barton:SeniorCoordinator,ProductionControlStevenBosco:Director,EditorialTechnologiesLisaS.Braucher:SeniorProducerandDataEditorYvett
4、eCharboneau:SeniorCopyEditorKathyNakamura:Manager,MediaAcquisitionErikGregersen:AssociateEditor,AstronomyandSpaceExplorationRosenEducationalServicesJeanneNagle:SeniorEditorNelsonSá:ArtDirectorNicoleRusso:DesignerIntroductionbyGregRozaLibraryofCongressCatalo
5、ging-in-PublicationDataTheinnersolarsystem:thesun,Mercury,Venus,Earth,andMars/editedbyErikGregersen.—1sted.p.cm.—(Anexplorer’sguidetotheuniverse)“InassociationwithBritannicaEducationalPublishing,RosenEducationalServices.”Includesindex.ISBN978-1-61530-050-1(
6、eBook)1.Solarsystem—Popularworks.2.Planetology—Popularworks.I.Gregersen,Erik.QB501.2.I562010523.2—dc222009030575Coverphoto:©www.istockphoto.com/MehmetSalihGuler39CONTENTSIntroduction10Chapter1:CompositionandOriginoftheSolarSystem19Orbits19PlanetsandTheirMoo
7、ns20TheInterplanetaryMedium21OriginoftheSolarSystem23TheKant-LaplaceNebularHypothesis24ModernIdeas25FormationoftheSolarNebula26DifferentiationintoInnerandOuterPlanets26CompositionalDataforSelectedSolar57SystemObjects28LaterStagesofPlanetaryAccretion29Soluti
8、ontotheAngularMomentumPuzzle29Chapter2:TheSun31PhysicalProperties31EnergyGenerationandTransport33Evolution35Helioseismology35TheSolarAtmosphere36TheChromosphere38RevelationsintheDark40TheCorona41SolarW