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1、Preface:ACalltoArmsFirstcameMelissa,thenExplore.ZipandthentheLoveBug.Theirnameswereprovocative,fun,andcute.NextcameCodeRed,Nimda,and,morerecently,Reeezak—thetriplee'sarenotypo.Theirnames,incontrast,aresinister,apocalyptic,andforeboding.Sowhat'sinaname?InMarch1999,Melissamarkedthebeginnin
2、goftheworld'sreckoningwithanewtypeofInternetvirus—acomputerworm.Acomputerworm,aspecialtypeofvirus,isdesignedtocopyitselffromonecomputertoanotherbyleveraginge-mail,TCP/IP,(TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol),andrelatedapplications.Unlikenormalcomputerviruses,whichspreadmanycopie
3、softhemselvesonasinglecomputer,computerwormsinfectasmanymachinesaspossible.Byallaccounts,computerwormsarenastycrittersthathavewreakedconsiderabledamageandwastedbillionsofdollarsincomputerworkerhours.TheLoveBug,CodeRed,andNimdacosttheInternetcommunitymorethan$11billioninproductivityandwas
4、tedITstafftimeforcleanup.TheLoveBugalonecosttheglobalInternetcommunitycloseto$8billionandeventuallyinfectedapproximately45millione-mailusersinMay2000.InJuly2001,CodeRedcosttheInternetcommunity$2.6billion;inSeptember2001,Nimdacaused$531millionindamageandcleanup.InJanuary2002,yetanothercom
5、puterworm,withthesomewhatominous-soundingnameReeezak,unleasheditselfontheInternetcommunity.Reeezak,likeotherworms,appearsine-mailwithaninnocent-soundingsubject:inthiscase,"HappyNewYear."Themessageofthee-mail—"Hi...Ican'tdescribemyfeelings,butallIcansayisHappyNewYear6Bye."—comeswithanatta
6、chment,calledChristmas.exe,whichwhendoubleclickedsendsitselftoalladdresseslistedintheuser'saddressbookandattemptstodeleteallthefilesintheWindowsdirectoryandantivirusprograms.ThewormalsodisablessomekeysonthekeyboardandpropagatesitselfbyusingMicrosoft'scompatibleversionofIRC(InternetRelayC
7、hat)program.Reeezak,likeotherworms,affectsonlyusersofMicrosoft'sOutlookorOutlookExpresse-mailclients.Iftheproliferationofe-mailwormswerenotinsidiousenough,theInternetcommunityalsoexperiencedtheeffectsofanotherclassofattacksinFebruary2000,justafewmonthsbeforetheLoveBug.The
