mit press modularity in knowledge representation and naturallanguage understanding jay l. garfield (ed) chap15外语英文电子书

《mit press modularity in knowledge representation and naturallanguage understanding jay l. garfield (ed) chap15外语英文电子书》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、ThisexcerptfromModularityinKnowledgeRepresentationandNatural-LanguageUnderstanding.JayL.Garfield,editor.©1991TheMITPress.isprovidedinscreen-viewableformforpersonaluseonlybymembersofMITCogNet.Unauthorizeduseordisseminationofthisinformationisexpresslyforbidden.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthismaterial

2、,pleasecontactcognetadmin@cognet.mit.edu.15TheoriesofSentenceProcessingLynFrazierCurrentpsycholinguistictheoriesofsentenceprocessingvaryalongseveraldimensions.Intermsofthearchitectureofthesystem,proposalsrangefromthoseentailingahighlyarticulatedandstructuredsystemsubsumingseveralsubsystems(eachwi

3、thitsownpeculiarpropertiesandinformationsources)tomonolithic,fullyinteractivesystemsclaimingefficientandun-differentiateduseofallgrammaticalandnongrammaticalinformationsources.Mostmodelsimplicitlyorexplicitlyassumethatthereareprocess-ingprinciplesinvolvingpragmaticnotionsconcerningthecommunica-ti

4、vefunctionofnatural-languageexpressions.Inlessdifferentiatedorlessmodularsystems,suchprinciples?;overnvirtuallyallaspectsoflanguageprocessing;insystemswithamorehighlyarticulatedstructure,suchprin-ciplesareimplicitlyassumedbutarethoughttooperateonlyinrelativelylatestagesoflanguageprocessing.Thus,e

5、arlierstagesofprocessingaregovernedbynonpragmaticprinciples(perhapsstructure-based)orbyfrequency-basedstrategies.Whatprinciplesareincorporatedintoamodeldependsinpartonthemodeofoperationoftheprocessor,i.e.,whetheritsimultaneouslyconsidersallpossibleanalysesofaninputinparallelorwhetherithassomeprin

6、cipleorselectionprocedurethatresultsininitialconsiderationofonlyasingleanalysisoftheinput.Inatleastoneareaofpsycholinguisticinvestigationthereseemstobesomethinglikeaconsensusemerging-namely,withrespecttothelex-icon.Mosttheoriesseemtoassumethatthelanguage-comprehensionsystemcontainsasubsystemconce

7、rnedwiththerecognitionoflexicalitems,andthereisnowafairlyextensiveliteraturesuggestingthatthissystemoperatesinaparallelfashion,recognizingallpossiblelexicalana-lysesofaninput.However,thereislessagreementwithrespecttosy